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Eyelashes

Eyelashes are the specialized hairs that grow on the edges of the eyelids, providing a protective barrier and enhancing the appearance of the eyes.
They play a crucial role in vision, helping to prevent debris and foreign particles from entering the eyes.
Eyelashes also contribute to the overall aesthetics of the face, with their length, thickness, and curl being important factors in beauty and self-expression.
Research on eyelashes covers a wide range of topics, from the biology and development of these structures to their clinical applications in ophthalmology and cosmetic procedures.
PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform can help researchers optimize their studies on eyelashes, locating the best protocols from the literature, pre-prints, and patents, and enabling reproducibility and accuracy in their work.
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Most cited protocols related to «Eyelashes»

A ratiometric GCAMP3-based calcium sensor was expressed in cilia to measure ciliary calcium in hRPE1 cells. A transgenic mouse model expressing GFP in cilia was generated to measure ciliary calcium and membrane potential by patch clamp recordings of cilia. Defects in Shh signaling of MEF isolated from PKD2-L1-/- mutant mice were quantified by Western blotting and ciliary localization of Gli1 protein.
Publication 2013
Calcium Cells Cilia Eyelashes GLI1 protein, human Membrane Potentials Mice, Laboratory Mice, Transgenic
Mice were used with Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee approvals. Muc5ac−/− mice were generated previously16 (link). Muc5b−/− and Muc5bTg mice were generated here. Muc5b protein was assessed immunohistochemically using rabbit polyclonal antisera. Ciliary beat, MCC, and transport were assessed as described previously. Lung function was measured using a head-out plethysmograph and a flexiVent (Scireq, Montreal, Quebec, Canada), and blood oxygen was assessed using a pulse oximeter. Otitis media was assessed by visual otoscopy and middle ear lavage (MEL). Pulmonary inflammation was assessed by histology and lung lavage. Lavaged leukocytes were identified by light microscopy and flow cytometry. Neutrophils, macrophages, MHC-II, and apoptotic cells, were detected using commercially available Ab’S and reagents. S. aureus was administered by 10 μl intranasal or 50 μl intratracheal inocula at 107-108 CFU/animal. Bacteria and bacterial DNA were isolated from MEL, lung homogenates, and lung lavage pellets. Isolated colonies were phylotyped by 16S rRNA and mecA sequencing. Kaplan-Meier (1f and 3h, l), regression (1e and 2f), one-sided t-test (1g-i, k, l; 2b-e, g; 3b, c, f, g, j, k, and 4c, d, f, g, i, j), and one-way ANOVA (3i and 4a, h, j, l) with appropriate corrections for multiple comparisons, unequal variances, and non-Gaussian distribution were carried out using GraphPad Prism v5.04 (GraphPad Software, Inc., La Jolla, CA). Full methods are found in Supplementary Information.
Publication 2013
5'-N-methylcarboxamideadenosine Animals Apoptosis Bacteria Blood Bronchoalveolar Lavage Cells DNA, Bacterial Eyelashes Flow Cytometry Head Immune Sera Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees Leukocytes Light Microscopy Lung Macrophage Middle Ear MUC5AC protein, human MUC5B protein, human Mus neuro-oncological ventral antigen 2, human Neutrophil Otitis Media Otoscopy Oxygen Pellets, Drug Plethysmography Pneumonia prisma Proteins Pulse Rate Rabbits Respiratory Physiology RNA, Ribosomal, 16S Staphylococcus aureus
Adult patients (aged ≥ 18 years) with a current diagnosis of medically refractory CRS were prospectively enrolled into an ongoing North American, multi-institutional, observational, treatment outcomes investigation between April, 2011 and January, 2014. Preliminary findings from this cohort have been described elsewhere.14 (link),16 (link) Diagnosis of CRS was defined by the 2007 Adult Sinusitis Guideline endorsed by the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.17 (link) All patients had been previously treated with an oral, broad spectrum, or culture directed antibiotic (≥2 weeks duration) and either topical nasal corticosteroid sprays (≥3 week duration) or a 5-day trial of systemic steroid therapy. Enrollment sites consisted of four academic, tertiary care rhinology practices, including Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU, Portland, OR, USA), the Medical Univeristy of South Carolina (Charleston, SC, USA), Stanford University (Palo Alto, CA, USA), and the University of Calgary (Calgary, Alberta, Canada). The Institutional Review Board at each enrollment location approved all investigational protocols and informed consent processes.
During the initial clinical / enrollment visit, all study subjects completed a medical history, head and neck clinical examinations, sinonasal endoscopy, and computed tomography (CT) imaging of the sinuses as part of the standard of care. Information was collected from patients and the medical record including age, gender, race, ethnicity, nasal polyposis, history of prior sinus surgery, asthma, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) intolerance, current tobacco use (packs/day), alcohol consumption (grams/week), depression, allergies (reported by patient history or confirmed skin prick or radioallergosorbent testing), ciliary dysfunction / cystic fibrosis, recurrent acute rhinosinusitis (RARS), obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and asthma / sinusitis related steroid dependency. Trained project coordinators at each enrollment site assisted with both informed consent and all study data collection.
Publication 2014
Adrenal Cortex Hormones Adult Antibiotics Aspirin Asthma Conditioning, Psychology Cystic Fibrosis Diagnosis Endoscopy Ethics Committees, Research Ethnicity Eyelashes Gender Head Hypersensitivity Nasal Polyps Nasal Sprays Neck North American People Operative Surgical Procedures Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures Patients Physical Examination Sinuses, Nasal Sinusitis Skin Sleep Apnea, Obstructive Steroids Therapeutics X-Ray Computed Tomography

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Publication 2014
Animals Edema Eyelashes Forehead Gossypium Lens, Crystalline Lubricant Eye Drops Neoplasm Metastasis Nose Saline Solution Tears Viscosity
The diagnostic criteria used in the UK (UHS and RBH) have previously been described in detail in Jacksonet al. [24 ] and Lucas and Leigh [17 (link)]. In brief, a positive diagnosis is usually based on a typical clinical history with at least two abnormal diagnostic tests (“hallmark” transmission electron microscopy (TEM), “hallmark” ciliary beat pattern (CBP), nNO ≤30 nL·min−1). Occasionally patients with a strong history (e.g. sibling with PCD, “full” clinical phenotype (e.g. neonatal respiratory distress at term followed by daily wet cough, persistent rhinitis and glue ear)), are diagnosed based on either “hallmark” TEM or repeated high-speed video microscopy analysis (HSVMA) consistent with PCD. CBP was only considered positive if the pattern was typical of PCD rather than secondary ciliary dyskinesia either from two brushing biopsies or from one brushing biopsy with reanalysis following air–liquid interface culture.
Publication 2016
Biopsy Ciliary Motility Disorders Cough Eyelashes Infant, Newborn Microscopy, Video Otitis Media with Effusion Patients Phenotype Respiratory Rate Rhinitis Tests, Diagnostic Transmission Electron Microscopy

Most recents protocols related to «Eyelashes»

U12 genes were identified by running the U12db (22 (link)) annotation pipeline on the GRCh38 version of the human genome, with the gencode38 version of the annotations, or the GRCz11 version of the zebrafish genome. GO term analysis was performed with the TopGO (v2.38.1) R tool (37 (link)), with the default “weight01” algorithm, the Fisher-test and the org.Hs.eg.db (v3.10.0) R database of the genome-wide annotation for humans. Genes without any GO annotation were discarded.
To constitute a list of cilium-related genes, we combined three existing databases and defined a gene as cilium-related if 1) it was part of the Gene_Ontology (GO = Cilium) of the Gold_Standard (SysCilia, a curated list of known ciliary components) (17 (link)) or of the Predicted candidates based on a bayesian integration in CiliaCarta (38 (link)) (last updated version of March, 18th 2018); 2) it was in the CilDB table v3.0 and had the maximum human ciliary evidence stringency level and at least 3 ciliary evidence (39 (link), 40 (link)) (last update June 2014); and 3) it was a ciliopathy-related gene (18 (link)–20 (link, link)).
Publication 2023
Cilia Ciliopathies Eyelashes Gene Annotation Genes Genes, vif Genome Genome, Human Gold Homo sapiens Zebrafish
Dechorionated embryos were washed in PBS, fixed in 4% PFA overnight prior to yolk removal. After 3-h incubation in blocking solution (PBS+0.1% Tween20 (PBST), 3% BSA), embryos were washed thrice in PBST and incubated overnight at 4 °C with anti-acetylated α-tubulin antibody in PBST (1:500, T6793, Sigma). Embryos were then extensively washed and incubated with Phalloidin–tetramethylrohdamine B isothiocyanate (1:100, P1951, Sigma) for 20 min at room temperature, before being washed and incubated again overnight at 4 °C with anti-mouse secondary antibody in PBST (1:2,000, A32728, Invitrogen). Finally, embryos were mounted on glass slides using FluoPreserveTM Reagent (Merck) prior to confocal imaging using Zeiss LSM880 microscope. Live embryos were mounted in 0.4 % low-melting agarose mixed with Tricain in glass-bottom Petri dishes (Ibidi). Beating cilia were imaged by optimizing the signal-to-noise ratio and the scan speed, as previously described (43 (link)). Z-stacks were performed to acquire the whole organs and quantification of cilium number, and range of motion was done manually and blinded on images of maximum intensity projection of z-stacks, using ImageJ software.
Publication 2023
alpha-Tubulin Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic Cilia Embryo Eyelashes Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Isothiocyanates Microscopy Mus Phalloidine Radionuclide Imaging Sepharose Tween 20
A Zeiss LSM 700 microscope was used for imaging of IF samples. The pinhole was set to 1 Airy unit at maximal optical resolution before gain and offset were calibrated. Fluorescent signal intensities were within the linear range of detection. For all IF image analyses, ImageJ software was used. For high resolution IF, a 40x silicone immersion objective (numerical aperture: 1.25) was used at the Nikon AX confocal microscope. Pixel size was set to 100 nm and z sections were obtained at the ventral rim of the embryo to reduce background signal. Images were deconvolved using Nis-Elements 3D Deconvolution. Quantification of the ciliogenesis defects in X. tropicalis MCC cells was performed by immunostaining against acetylated tubulin and phalloidin to identify the ciliary axoneme and MCC border, respectively. MCC motile cilia were classified as ‘Normal’ or ‘Defect’ (showing lower cilia density and shorter cilia) as well as ‘Mild’ (>half the length compared to control), ‘Severe’ (X. tropicalis embryos were examined by calculating the ratio of MCC or Ionocytes to total cells. pLrp6 stainings as well as LRP6 WT, LRP6VA and LRP6(VA)P(PA) stainings were quantified by measuring their IF-positive areas and then normalizing to the AcTub+ area for each MCC using Fiji (ImageJ). Each data point represents one ratio. For the GSK3 ciliary biosensor live cell imaging, the mean signal intensity was measured for one MCC per experiment and time-point. The mean signal intensity for each MCC was normalized to that of the first time point (t = 0) in the representative graph. In fixed ciliary GSK3 biosensor-injected embryos, one full image per embryo was measured using Fiji (ImageJ). Ciliary GSK3 mean intensity was normalized to Arl13b-mKate2 mean intensity in the latter.
Images for phenotypical analyses were taken with the AxioCam MRc 5 microscope (Zeiss). Embryos were scored blind and data are representative images from 2 or more independent experiments. Representative embryos were selected using Magnetic Lasso tool of Adobe Photoshop CS6. Background was adjusted uniformly for presentation. Phenotypical features were analyzed by comparison to control embryos and classified and ‘normal’ and ‘defect’ (showing DV/AP patterning defects).
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Publication 2023
Axoneme Biosensors Blindness Cells Cilia Embryo Eyelashes GART protein, human Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 LRP6 protein, human Microscopy Microscopy, Confocal Motile Cilia Phalloidine Silicones Staining Submersion Tubulin Vision
The deciliation procedure was adapted from Werner and Mitchell, 201332 (link). Embryos were cultured until St. 30. Between 70 and 100 embryos were deciliated in 75 mM CaCl2, 0.02% NP-40 (Sigma) in 1/19 MR for 2 min or until no cilia driven movements were observed, and then the buffer containing motile cilia was centrifuged (15.000 g, 7 min). The cilia pellet was reconstituted in 20 µl of NOP + buffer (20 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 2% Triton X-100, 0.2% DTT, and cOmplete Protease Inhibitor Cocktail (Roche; Cat#11697498001)). NuPAGE LDS buffer (Thermo Scientific; Cat#NP0007) (+50 mM DTT) was added in a 1:4 ratio and samples were heated at 70 °C for 10 min before immunoblotting.
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Publication 2023
Buffers Embryo Eyelashes Motile Cilia Movement Nonidet P-40 Protease Inhibitors Sodium Chloride Triton X-100 Tromethamine
For functionality testing of the implanted microstents, OPT was applied as an existing method to quantify retinal and ciliary blood pressures as well as perfusion pressures in humans.26 (link),27 (link) A suction cup oculopressor (Fa. B. Boucke, Medizin-Elektronik, Tübingen, Germany) approved in human medicine, consisting of a vacuum pump that is connected to the eyeball by a flexible tube, was used. The suction cup was adjusted to the anatomy of the rabbit eye as described elsewhere.28 Briefly, the suction cup oculopressor was used to increase the IOP about 40 mm Hg during an examination period of eight minutes. Before IOP increase using a suction cup oculopressor, the initial baseline IOP was measured. During OPT, the IOP was measured using the rebound tonometer (Fig. 3). To record pressure decay during OPT, the IOP was measured every minute. Finally, IOP was recorded eight minutes after termination of OPT. Upon completion of a series of measurements a moisturizing gel (Vidisic; Bausch & Lomb GmbH, Berlin, Germany) was applied to the eyes. In total, OPT was performed under general anesthesia as already described above, at 4 weeks postoperatively and subsequently every 4 weeks until the end of the study.
Publication 2023
Eye General Anesthesia Homo sapiens Perfusion Pharmaceutical Preparations Pressure Rabbits Retina Suction Drainage Vacuum vidisic

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More about "Eyelashes"

Eyelashes are the specialized hairs that line the edges of the eyelids, providing a protective barrier and enhancing the aesthetic appeal of the eyes.
These delicate structures play a crucial role in vision, helping to ward off debris and foreign particles from entering the ocular region.
Research on eyelashes encompasses a broad spectrum of topics, from the biological mechanisms governing their development and growth patterns to their clinical applications in ophthalmology and cosmetic procedures.
Utilizing advanced imaging techniques, such as inverted microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (LSM 880) with Zen Black software, researchers can delve into the intricate morphology and ultrastructure of eyelashes.
The length, thickness, and curl of eyelashes are not only important factors in beauty and self-expression, but also hold significance in various medical and cosmetic interventions.
For instance, eyelash serums containing active ingredients like prostaglandin analogues (e.g., Latanoprost) or growth factors have been developed to enhance eyelash appearance and health.
In the realm of cell culture and tissue engineering, the use of DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium) supplemented with penicillin/streptomycin has enabled researchers to study the underlying mechanisms of eyelash growth and differentiation.
Specialized software, such as MetaMorph, has also been employed to quantify and analyze eyelash characteristics, facilitating advancements in both scientific research and clinical applications.
By leveraging the power of AI-driven platforms like PubCompare.ai, researchers can optimize their studies on eyelashes, accessing the best protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents.
This empowers them to enhance the reproducibility and accuracy of their work, ultimately leading to breakthroughs in understanding the complex biology and clinical relevance of these fascinating structures.