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Incisor

Incisors are the front teeth responsible for biting and cutting food.
They play a crucial role in oral function and aesthetics.
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Most cited protocols related to «Incisor»

1
Comprehensive Grading System for MIH and Enamel Defects
The proposed charting method integrates the elements of the EAPD criteria and the modified index of developmental defects of enamel (mDDE index) for grading the clinical status of MIH and its extent on the involved tooth surface as well as other enamel defects. In order to take into account the varied needs and objectives of studies, two forms of the chart are proposed, a short form for simple screening surveys and a longer form for more detailed, community-based or clinic-based studies. In both forms, EAPD criteria emerged as the key elements reflecting the theme of charting. The short data set form is designed to grade only index teeth which have been mentioned in the definition of MIH and HSPM, namely first permanent molars, permanent incisors, and second primary molars (hereafter termed FPM, PI, and SPM, respectively).
Due to the available evidence on the involvement of other teeth with demarcated hypomineralisation defects (Suckling et al. 1989 (link); Kukleva et al. 2008 (link); Soviero et al. 2009 (link); Seow et al. 2011 (link); Leen 2013 ), the long data set form is formulated to diagnose all teeth at surface level available at the time of the dental examination in addition to MIH/HSPM-specific index teeth. However, the terms MIH and HSPM should not be applied to teeth other than FPM and PIs, and SPM, respectively. The following sections describe, in detail, definitions of terms used in the charting format, differential diagnosis of MIH from other enamel lesions, grading criteria and special considerations to be taken into account for the purpose of charting.
Ghanim A., Elfrink M., Weerheijm K., Mariño R, & Manton D. (2015). A practical method for use in epidemiological studies on enamel hypomineralisation. European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry, 16(3), 235-246.
Publication 2015
Dental Enamel Dental Health Services Developmental Defects of Enamel Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis Incisor Molar Tooth
2
Prenatal Manganese Exposure Assessment
Mothers were asked to bring in at the time of the 7-year assessment a tooth the child had shed. In the present study, we used incisors that were free of obvious defects (caries, hypoplasias, fluorosis, cracks, extensive attrition) and prepared ~100–150 μm sections in an axial labio-lingual plane. Using light microscopy, we identified the neonatal line (NL), a histological feature formed in deciduous teeth at birth (see Supporting Information, Figure S1). With the NL as a reference point, we measured Mn levels (as 55Mn:43Ca) in mantle dentine immediately adjacent to the enamel-dentine junction (EDJ) with laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) (Figure 1, Supporting Information Table S1, and Arora et al. 2011 [17 (link)]). We normalized Mn measurements to 43Ca to account for intra- and inter-sample variations in mineralization. We confirmed that our sampling points were in mantle dentine by examining sections in polarized light where mantle dentine is clearly demarcated from circumpulpal dentine (Figure 1d).
We sampled mantle dentine at 30 equally spaced points adjacent to the EDJ from cusp tip to the cemento-enamel junction and calculated the area under the curve (AUC) of Mn levels across all the sampling points in prenatally formed mantle dentine to estimate cumulative Mn exposure in the prenatal period. Because floor dust and blood samples were collected during the second trimester, we also undertook analyses restricted to Mn levels in sampling points located in mantle dentine formed in the second trimester.
Arora M., Bradman A., Austin C., Vedar M., Holland N., Eskenazi B, & Smith D.R. (2012). Determining Fetal Manganese Exposure from Mantle Dentine of Deciduous Teeth. Environmental science & technology, 46(9), 5118-5125.
Publication 2012
Birth BLOOD Child Deciduous Tooth Dental Caries Dental Enamel Dentin Fluorosis, Dental hypoplasia Incisor Infant, Newborn Laser Ablation Light Light Microscopy Lip Mass Spectrometry Mothers Physiologic Calcification Plasma Tongue Tooth Tooth Attrition TP63 protein, human
3
Development Milestones in Mouse Strains
To avoid potential confounds from using previously handled animals, a second cohort of B6 and BTBR pups was bred for the assays of developmental milestones, homing, and open field activity. One female and one male from each litter of BTBR and B6 mice (n = 10 litters each strain) were tested from pnd 2 to 18. Pups were transferred to a cage filled with clean bedding placed over a heating pad to maintain the temperature at 35°C. Every other day from pnd 2 to 14, pups were weighed to the nearest 0.01 g and their body and tail lengths were measured. Fur development, day of eyelid opening, pinnae detachment and incisor eruption were also recorded.
Pups were tested according to a slightly modified Fox battery [76] (link)–[78] (link). The tests were conducted during the light phase of the circadian cycle, between 10:00 and 15:00 h. Each subject was tested at approximately the same time of day. Reflexes and responses were scored in the following order:
Latencies were measured in seconds, using a stopwatch for righting reflex, negative geotaxis and bar holding. Other somatic and behavioral variables were rating semi-quantitatively: 0 = no response/reaction, 1 = slight response/reaction, 2 = incomplete response/reaction, and 3 = a complete adult-like response. Investigators were trained until the inter-observer reliability was greater than 95%. Unless otherwise noted, absence of a milestone was scored as zero if the mouse did not exhibit the behavior within 60 s.
Scattoni M.L., Gandhy S.U., Ricceri L, & Crawley J.N. (2008). Unusual Repertoire of Vocalizations in the BTBR T+tf/J Mouse Model of Autism. PLoS ONE, 3(8), e3067.
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Publication 2008
Adult Animals Biological Assay Conditioning, Psychology Diploid Cell Ear Auricle Exanthema Eyelids Females Human Body Incisor Males Mice, House Neoplasm Metastasis Patient Holding Stretchers Reflex Reflex, Righting Strains Tail
4
Murine Model of Acute Lung Injury
All protocols were approved by the Ethical Review Board of Imperial College London, and carried out under the authority of the UK Home Office in accordance with the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986, UK. We used male C57BL6 mice (Charles River, Margate, UK) aged 10–12 weeks and weighing 25-30g. In total 68 animals were used – 23 for measurements of respiratory mechanics and alveolar inflammation, 25 for assessing alveolar fluid clearance, and 20 for lung wet/dry weight and histology scoring.
Mice were anaesthetised by intraperitoneal injection of xylazine (6mg/kg) and ketamine (60mg/kg), and given an intraperitoneal fluid bolus of 10μl/g 0.9% normal saline as preemptive fluid resuscitation. Mice were suspended vertically from their incisors on a custom-made mount for orotracheal instillation, as described previously (10 (link)) (additional details are provided in the online supplement). A fine catheter was guided 1cm below the vocal cords, and 75μl of an isoosmolar (to mouse plasma - 322mosmol/L) solution of 0.1M hydrochloric acid (pH 1.0) was instilled. For the next 4 hours, during which animals exhibited significant respiratory depression/distress as an acute result of acid aspiration-induced ALI, mice were kept in a custom-made transparent recovery box under humidified supplemental oxygen (FiO2 reduced gradually from 1.0 to 0.21). During this period animals were carefully monitored and body temperature was maintained using external heat sources, after which they were transferred to individually ventilated cages with air and free access to food and water.
Patel B.V., Wilson M.R, & Takata M. (2011). Resolution of acute lung injury and inflammation – a translational mouse model. The European respiratory journal, 39(5), 1162-1170.
Publication 2011
Acids Animals Body Temperature Catheters Ethical Review Food Hydrochloric acid Incisor Inflammation Injections, Intraperitoneal Ketamine Males Mice, House Normal Saline Oxygen Plasma Respiratory Depression Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult Respiratory Mechanics Resuscitation Rivers Vocal Cords Xylazine
5
Isolation and Expansion of Mandibular and Long Bone MSCs
Mandibular and long bones were collected to isolate cells independently. The attached soft tissues and teeth including incisors and molars were removed from the bones. All nucleated cells (ANCs) from mandibular bones were obtained by the digestion with 3 mg/mL collagenase type I (Worthington Biochem, Lakewood, NJ) and 4 mg/mL dispase II (Roche Diagnostic, Indianapolis, IN) for 60 min at 37°C. ANCs from long bones were obtained by flashing out from the bone marrow (Yamaza et al., 2008 (link)). Single cell suspension of ANCs from mandibular or long bones were obtained through 70 μm-cell strainers (BD Bioscience), and seeded at 1–1.5×106 or 10–15×106 on 100-mm dish (Corning, Corning, NY), respectively. MSCs were isolated and cultured following established protocol (Yamaza et al., 2008 (link)). The cells formed attached single colonies were recognized as passage 0 (P0) MSCs, and subsequently collected and passed to P1 expansion for subsequent experiments. There was no feeder cells were used in MSC culture. Multiple colony MSCs derived from several mice (n=3~5) were pooled and used in this study. Each test was repeated at least three times. To avoid hematopoietic cell contamination, we select multiple numbers of single colony clusters and pass to secondary culture.
Yamaza T., Ren G., Akiyama K., Chen C., Shi Y, & Shi S. (2011). Mouse Mandible Contains Distinctive Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Journal of Dental Research, 90(3), 317-324.
Publication 2010
Bone Marrow Bones Cells Collagenase, Clostridium histolyticum Diagnosis Digestion dispase Feeder Cells Hematopoietic System Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Incisor Mandible Molar Mus Osteocytes Tissues Tooth Type II Mucolipidosis

Most recents protocols related to «Incisor»

1
3D Craniofacial Model Construction and Analysis
CBCT images (KaVo Dental Gmb H, USA; 80 mA, 80 kVp, and 8.9-s scan time) were procured. The data was imported into Mimics 19.0 software (Materialise, Leuven, Belgium) in Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) format to reconstruct the 3D hard tissue models (Fig. 1A). Connecting the left and right orbital points (Or-R, Or-L) and the right porion point (Po-R) as the Frankfort horizontal plane (FH). Connecting two mesiobuccal cusp points of the mandibular first molars (L6R-MB, L6L-MB) and the mesial contact point of the lower central incisor (LIE) as occlusal plane (OP) (Fig. 1B).

Construction of 3D model, reference plane. A 3D hard tissue model and bone marker points of mandibular WALA ridge. B The Frankfort horizontal plane (FH) and the occlusal plane (OP)

We constructed a new plane as a reference plane, which was a plane fitted by the most prominent bony WALA point at the boundary of the basal bone arch just below 14 mandibular teeth. We got the coordinate points of bony WALA ridge in Mimics software and imported the coordinate values into Matlab software (R2022a, MathWorks, U.S) [14 (link)] to complete the fitting of WP, and finally imported WP into Mimics. The process was shown in Fig. 2.

The process of complete the fitting of WP

To construct the reference lines. Connecting the bone marker points of the WALA ridge of the mandibular first and second molar as the WALA ridge line (WL) (Fig. 3A). Connecting the mesial buccal cusps of the mandibular first and second molar as the occlusion line (OL) (Fig. 3B).

The projected schematic diagram of reference plane, line and the FH-related angulations on the sagittal plane. A FH, WP, WL and the < FH-WP, < FH-WL. B FH, OP, OL and < FH-OP, < FH-OL

Huang Y., Chen Y., Yang D., Tang Y., Yang Y., Xu J., Luo J, & Zheng L. (2023). Three-dimensional analysis of the relationship between mandibular retromolar space and positional traits of third molars in non-hyperdivergent adults. BMC Oral Health, 23, 138.
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Publication 2023
Bones Dental Health Services Dental Occlusion Incisor Mandible Molar Occlusal Plane Pharmaceutical Preparations Radionuclide Imaging Tissues Tooth TP63 protein, human
2
Bovine Incisor Enamel Treatment Evaluation
Bovine incisors were embedded in self-curing acrylic resin (Paladur, Germany) leaving the frontal enamel free of resin. Specimens were cut in half, and its lateral surface was polished down to 1 µm particle size. Then, teeth were treated with 0.1 mL of each treatment 3 times per day for 5 days (Table 1, Fig. S2.A). Since MOFs’ treatments are the only ones which are in powder, 1 mg of each MOF formulation was mixed with 15 µL of HEPES buffer and, then, was applied over the teeth. The complete description of this tooth sample preparation can be found in the ESM.

List with the different treatments applied over the dental samples

Treatments’ list
Control (HEPES buffer)
Cannabidiol (10 mg/mL)
Olivetol (10 mg/mL)
DPPC liposomes
DPPC liposomes loaded with olivetol
γ-CD-MOFs KCl loaded with olivetol
γ-CD-MOFs KNO3 loaded with olivetol
Rodríguez-Martínez J., Sánchez-Martín M.J, & Valiente M. (2023). Efficient controlled release of cannabinoids loaded in γ-CD-MOFs and DPPC liposomes as novel delivery systems in oral health. Mikrochimica Acta, 190(4), 125.
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Publication 2023
Acrylic Resins Bos taurus Buffers Cannabidiol Dental Enamel Dental Health Services HEPES Incisor Liposomes olivetol Powder Resins, Plant Tooth Tooth Preparation
3
Bilateral Hypothalamic AAV Delivery in Mice
Mice were randomized to receive either bilateral injections of AAV-YFP or AAV-TrkB.FL to the hypothalamus. Mice were anaesthetized with a single dose of ketamine/xylazine (100 and 20 mg kg−1; i.p.) and secured via ear bars and incisor bar on a Kopf stereotaxic frame. A mid-line incision was made through the scalp to reveal the skull and two small holes were drilled into the skull with a dental drill above the injection sites (-1.2 AP, ±0.5 ML, -6.2 DV, mm from bregma). rAAV vectors (2.5 × 109 genomic particles per site) were injected bilaterally into the hypothalamus at a rate of 0.1 μl minute−1 using a 10 μl Hamilton syringe attached to Micro4 Micro Syringe Pump Controller (World Precision Instruments, Sarasota, FL). At the end of infusion, the syringe was slowly raised from the brain and the scalp was sutured. Animals were placed back into a clean cage and carefully monitored until recovery from anesthesia.
Anderson J.M., Boardman A.A., Bates R., Zou X., Huang W, & Cao L. (2023). Hypothalamic TrkB.FL overexpression improves metabolic outcomes in the BTBR mouse model of autism. PLOS ONE, 18(3), e0282566.
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Publication 2023
Animals Brain Cloning Vectors Cranium Dental Anesthesia Dental Health Services Drill Genome Hypothalamus Incisor Ketamine Mice, House Reading Frames Scalp Syringes tropomyosin-related kinase-B, human Vascular Access Ports Xylazine
4
Nasal Endoscopy Timing and Bleeding
The operation time was recorded as the time from the entry of the M-NED into the external naris to its exit from the incisor. Nasal bleeding was defined as any visible bleeding macroscopically.
Liu Z., Lin R., Wu R., Deng J, & Sun D. (2023). Application of a novel M-NED in ENBD patients: A case series report. Medicine, 102(10), e33215.
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Publication 2023
Incisor
5
Root Canal Morphology Analysis using Micro-CT
The micro-CT data sets were then transferred to the Mimics 21.0 (Materialise, Leuven, Belgium) software to perform 3D reconstruction of the teeth and root canal systems. The root canal configurations in the mandibular incisors were examined and described by the Vertucci’s classification [4 (link)]: Type I: a single canal is present from the pulp chamber to the apex (type 1–1). Type II: two separate canals leave the pulp chamber but join to form one canal short of the apex (type 2–1). Type III: one canal leaves the pulp chamber and divides into two within the root, but they merge again to exit as one canal (type 1–2-1). Type IV: two separate and distinct canals are present from the pulp chamber to the apex (type 2–2). Type V: one canal leaves the pulp chamber which divides into two separate and distinct canals with separate apical foramina (type 1–2). Type VI: two separate canals join within the root to form one canal, which divides into two distinct canals again short of the apex (type 2–1-2). Type VII: one canal leaves the pulp chamber, divides and rejoins within the root body, and finally redivides into two distinct canals short of the apex (type 1–2-1–2). Type VIII: three separate and distinct canals are present from the pulp chamber to the apex (type 3–3).
The type and number of the accessory canals were also determined.
The calibration was performed by an expert endodontist (Yongchun Gu) and an observer (Ying Tang). In the pilot study, the observer was trained and calibrated to read the micro-CT images with a sample size of 20 (10 single- and 10 double-canaled incisors) that did not belong to the study sample. The observer evaluated the micro-CT images using sagittal, axial, and coronal views and digital 3D tooth models to identify the root canal morphology, and each tooth received a single score. Disagreements were discussed, until a consensus was reached after adequate deliberation.
The inter- and intra-observer errors was evaluated according to Cohen's kappa test. Each observer evaluated the same 20 teeth twice independently with an interval of two weeks. Substantial Kappa values were obtained (the intra-observer kappa value was 1.0 for both observers [Yongchun Gu and Ying Tang], and the inter-observer kappa value was 0.9, all p = 0.000), suggesting the inter- and intra-observer agreement were both excellent.
Tang Y., Wu Y., Pei F., Liu C., Qiu Y., Yang T, & Gu Y. (2023). A micro–computed tomographic analysis of the root canal systems in the permanent mandibular incisors in a Chinese population. BMC Oral Health, 23, 129.
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Publication 2023
Endodontist Fingers Foramen, Apical Human Body Incisor Mandible Mandibular Canal Pulp Chamber Reconstructive Surgical Procedures Root Canal Therapy Tooth Tooth Root X-Ray Microtomography

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1
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More about "Incisor"

Incisors, the front teeth, play a crucial role in oral function and aesthetics.
These teeth are responsible for biting and cutting food, enabling us to chew and consume nourishment.
The incisors are a vital part of the human dentition, contributing to our ability to speak, smile, and maintain a healthy, attractive appearance.
Optimizing incisor research is essential for understanding and improving oral health.
PubCompare.ai, an AI-driven tool, can help researchers locate the best protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, enhancing the reproducibility and accuracy of their findings.
By leveraging the power of artificial intelligence, researchers can identify the most effective incisor products and procedures, driving advancements in dental care and treatment.
Crucial aspects of incisor research include the use of various tools and techniques, such as stereotaxic frames, α-MEM (minimum essential medium), Isomet saws, FBS (fetal bovine serum), Rompun anesthesia, Isomet 1000 precision cutting machines, penicillin/streptomycin antibiotics, and Transbond XT dental adhesives.
These specialized equipment and materials play a vital role in the study and manipulation of incisor structures and functions.
The future of incisor research is promising, with the integration of AI-powered platforms like PubCompare.ai.
Researchers can now experieince the power of advanced analytics and data-driven insights, leading to more efficient and effective investigations into the complexities of human dentition and oral health.