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Myenteric Plexus

The Myenteric Plexus, also known as the Auerbach's Plexus, is a key component of the enteric nervous system that regulates the motility and function of the gastrointestinal tract.
It is a network of neurones and supporting cells located between the longitudinal and circular muscle layers of the esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines.
The Myenteric Plexus plays a crucial role in coordinating peristaltic movements, secretion of digestive enzymes, and blood flow regulation within the digestive system.
Researching the Myenteric Plexus is essential for understanding the pathophysiology of various gastrointestinal disorders, such as irritable bowle syndrome, Hirschsprung's disease, and gastroparesis.
PubCompare.ai is an invaluable AI-driven platform that can optimize your Myenteric Plexus research by locating relevant protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, and leveraging AI-comparisons to identify the best methods and products.
This powerful tool can enhance the reproductibility and accuracy of your Myenteric Plexus studies.

Most cited protocols related to «Myenteric Plexus»

IHC staining for Trk A, B, and C expression was performed with pan-Trk monoclonal antibody (mAb) clone EPR17341 (Abcam, Cambridge, MA). The antibody is reactive to a homologous region of Trk-A, -B, and –C near the C terminus, and the exact sequence is proprietary. This commercial antibody is not FDA approved for clinical use to our best knowledge. Testis tissue, ganglia of the colonic plexus submucosus and cortical brain tissue were used as positive control tissues. EPR17341 was used at 6ug/ml. All assays were performed on a Leica-Bond-3 (Leica, Buffalo Grove, IL) automated stainer platform using a heat based antigen retrieval method and high pH buffer solution (ER2, Leica). Non-neoplastic lymphocytes, hepatocytes, colorectal epithelium, alveolar epithelium, and renal cortex were used as negative external controls. All available cases with NTRK rearrangements on MSK-IMPACT as well as 20 consecutive tumors without evidence of NTRK fusion on Archer were stained.
Publication 2017
Antigens Biological Assay Brain Buffaloes Buffers Clone Cells Colon Epithelium Ganglia Gene Rearrangement Hepatocyte Immunoglobulins Kidney Cortex Lymphocyte Monoclonal Antibodies Myenteric Plexus Neoplasms Testis Tissues
We prepared whole-mount preparations of the colonic myenteric plexus by removing the mucosa, submucosa and circular muscle by microdissection. We processed the resulting longitudinal muscle myenteric plexus (LMMP) preparations for immunohistochemistry as described by Gulbransen and Sharkey25 (link) with the antibodies listed in Supplementary Table 1. We confirmed antibody specificity by pre-absorption with control peptides or in respective knockout animals.
Publication 2012
Animals Antibodies Antibody Specificity Colon Immunohistochemistry Microdissection Mucous Membrane Muscle Tissue Myenteric Plexus Peptides

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Publication 2011
A-factor (Streptomyces) Biopsy Blood Vessel Buffers Diabetes Mellitus Duodenum factor A Gastric Bypass Gastroepiploic Artery Gastrointestinal Diseases Gastroparesis Human Body Malignant Neoplasms Muscle Tissue Myenteric Plexus Obesity Operative Surgical Procedures paraform Patients Pharmacotherapy Phosphates Pylorus Radiotherapy Stomach Tissues
Briefly, rats were decapitated, the whole intestine removed and immediately stored in MEM (Gibco) on ice. The muscle and submucous layer were separated, and the dissected muscle tissue incubated in a collagenase II solution (Worthington) for 2 hours. After vortexing the tissue for 20 seconds the suspension was filtered through a sterile syringe filter (Cell strainer, BD biosciences), pore size 40 µm. The supernatant was centrifuged three times, the obtained myenteric plexus incubated in accutase (PAA Laboratories GmbH) for 20 minutes and dissociated by trituration. In a second centrifugation step, the accutase was removed and replaced with 10 ml culture medium. The cells were kept at standardized densities (1×106 cells/25 cm2 flask) in culture medium adapted for expansion cultures [Neurobasal A (Gibco) supplemented with 2% B27- (without vitamin A, Gibco), 1% albumin (Sigma), 0.25% -2-mercaptoethanol (50 mM, Invitrogen), 0.12% glutamine (200 mM, Sigma), EGF (10 ng/ml, Tebue), bFGF (20 ng/ ml; Tebue), GDNF (10 ng/ml, Tebue), gentamycin and metronidazole (100 µg/ml)]. After two days in vitro, the first floating neurospheres (EnNS’s) were seen, while neurons and radiating glial cells expanded at the bottom.
Publication 2013
2-Mercaptoethanol accutase Albumins Cells Centrifugation Collagenase Culture Media Gentamicin Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Glutamine Intestines Metronidazole Muscle Tissue Myenteric Plexus Neuroglia Neurons Rattus Sterility, Reproductive Syringes Tissues Vision Vitamin A
All animal care and experimental procedures were in accordance with and approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Virginia Commonwealth University.
All chemicals and reagents were obtained from Sigma Aldrich (St Louis, MO), unless otherwise noted, except cell culture reagents, which were purchased from Gibco (Grand Island, NY). Male Swiss Webster mice (26–30 g, Harlan Sprague Dawley, Inc.) were killed by cervical dislocation. The ileum was immediately dissected and placed in ice-cold Krebs solution (in mM: 118 NaCl, 4.6 KCl, 1.3 NaH2PO4, 1.2 MgSO4 25 NaHCO3, 11 glucose and 2.5 CaCl2) bubbled with carbogen (95% O2/5% CO2). Ileal segments were threaded longitudinally on a plastic rod through the lumen and the longitudinal muscle with the myenteric plexus (LMMP) was gently removed using a cotton-tipped applicator. LMMP strips were rinsed three times in 1 ml Krebs and gathered by centrifugation (350× g, 30 s). LMMP strips were then minced with scissors and digested in 1.3 mg/ml collagenase type II (Worthington) and 0.3 mg/ml bovine serum albumin in bubbled Krebs (37°C) for 1 hour, followed by 0.05% trypsin for 7 min. Following each digestion, cells were triturated and collected by centrifuge (350× g for 8 min). Cells were then plated on laminin (BD Biosciences) and poly-D-lysine coated coverslips in Neurobasal A media containing B-27 supplement, 1% fetal bovine serum, 10 ng/ml glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF, Neuromics, Edina, MN), and antibiotic/antimycotic liquid. Half of the cell media was changed every 2–3 days.
Publication 2012
Animals Antibiotics Bicarbonate, Sodium carbogen Cell Culture Techniques Cells Centrifugation Common Cold Dietary Supplements Digestion Fetal Bovine Serum Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Glucose Gossypium Ileum Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees Joint Dislocations Krebs-Ringer solution Laminin Lysine Males Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 Mouse, Swiss Muscle Tissue Myenteric Plexus Neck Poly A Serum Albumin, Bovine Sodium Chloride Sulfate, Magnesium Trypsin

Most recents protocols related to «Myenteric Plexus»

Distal colon segments were fixed in 0.1M PBS containing 4% paraformaldehyde at room temperature for 3 h. Whole mounts of longitudinal muscle and myenteric plexus were obtained by microdissection and permeabilized with PBS containing 10% horse serum (HS) and 4% Triton X-100 for 2 h at room temperature. Tissues were then incubated with the following primary antibodies: rabbit anti-ChAT (1:1000, a gift from Professor M. Schemann, Hannover, Germany) (Schemann et al., 1993 (link)), mouse anti-neuronal NOS (nNOS; 610308, 1:500; BD Biosciences), rabbit anti-GR (D8H2, 3660S 1:500, Cell Signaling), human anti-Hu (Bodin et al., 2021 (link)) (gift from the CHU of Nantes; 1:5000) diluted in PBS containing 10% horse serum and 0.5% Triton X-100 for 24 or 48 h at room temperature. After washing, tissues were incubated for 2 h at room temperature with the appropriate secondary antibodies, respectively, anti-rabbit CY5 (1:500), anti-rabbit CY3 (1:500) and anti-human FP488 (1:200), and mounted Glycerol 60% (vol/vol) (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Nuclei were stained with 4′ 6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI D9542; 1:10000; Sigma Aldrich, Paris, France).
Publication 2023
Antibodies Cell Nucleus Colon DAPI Equus caballus Glycerin Homo sapiens Microdissection Mus Muscle Tissue Myenteric Plexus Neurons NOS1 protein, human paraform Rabbits Serum Tissues Triton X-100
The muscularis externa containing myenteric plexuses was prepared from mouse GITs as previously described with some modification (65 (link), 66 (link)). For HILIC-MS/MS analysis, mouse GIT segments were cut open along the attachment line of the mesentery and then placed onto a cold surface with the muscularis externa facing up. The muscularis externa of the GIT segments was isolated by gently scraping the outer layer with watchmaker tweezers under a binocular stereomicroscope. For whole-mount immunostaining, the mouse duodenum was cut open along the mesentery line, pinned onto a rubber plate, and then fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde overnight at 4 °C. The muscularis layer was then gently separated from the GIT segment using watchmaker tweezers and a cotton swab under a binocular stereomicroscope. For RNA extraction, mouse GITs were immersed in saturated ammonium sulfate solution containing 20 mM EDTA and 25 mM sodium citrate (pH5.2) to inhibit RNA degradation. The muscularis externa of the segments was placed over a glass rod and then peeled away using a cotton swab along the attachment line of the mesentery under a binocular stereomicroscope as described (67 ). Isolated muscularis externa was stored in saturated ammonium sulfate solution and then frozen until further use.
Publication 2023
Bladder Detrusor Muscle Cardiac Arrest Cold Temperature Duodenum Edetic Acid Freezing Gossypium Mesentery Mice, Laboratory Myenteric Plexus paraform RNA Degradation Rubber Sodium Citrate Sulfate, Ammonium Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Gastric and intestinal tissue of n = 19 guinea pigs were used. The stomach was cut along the greater and smaller curvature and the small and large intestine were cut along the mesenteric border, contents were removed, and the tissue was carefully washed. Tissue samples were pinned mucosal side up in Sylgard®-coated Petri dishes. Mucosa and submucosa were carefully removed under microscopic control (Olympus SZ30 stereo microscope, Olympus Corporation, Hamburg, Germany). Muscle-myenteric plexus preparations (MPPs) were cut in the direction of visible muscle fibers to examine circular muscle motility, and vertically to visible muscle fibers for investigation of longitudinal muscle motility, dissecting MPP preparations of 2 × 1 cm for both gastric and intestinal tissue. For the stomach, two MPPs were cut from both the oral fundus and the aboral antrum, and four MPPs were cut from the corpus. For the intestine, MPPs were cut from the ileum and from the proximal colon.
Threads were knotted on both ends of each MPP that were then put into organ baths containing 12 mL of oxygenated Krebs solution (in mmol/L: 1.2 MgCl2, 2.5 CaCl2, 1.2 NaH2PO4, 117 NaCl, 20 NaHCO3, 11 glucose, 4.7 KCl) at 37 °C. While one thread tied the MPP to the organ bath, the other one was knotted to an isometric force transducer (Spider). Platinum electrodes connected to an electric stimulator (Grass S88 Dual output pulse stimulator, Grass Instruments, RI, USA) were placed at each side of single MPPs for electrical field stimulations (EFS; 30 V, 10 Hz, 0.5 ms individual pulse duration for 10 s). Stimulation parameters were chosen to exclusively stimulate neuronal-mediated smooth muscle activity. After a 30 min equilibration with a preload of 30 mN, the buffer was changed and tissue vitality and responsiveness were proved by EFS repeated three times with 15 to 20 min in between. Ten minutes after the last EFS and when a stable baseline was reached again, 10 µM cocaine was applied to the bath. The motility was recorded for 50 min and then a further EFS was applied, followed by washout. In order to investigate whether the effect of cocaine application was nerve-mediated, in a set of experiments 1 µM tetrodotoxin (TTX) was applied to the bath 20 min prior to cocaine addition, blocking the voltage-gated neuronal Na+ channels.
Publication 2023
Antral Bath Bicarbonate, Sodium Buffers Cavia Cocaine Colon Electricity Glucose Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Ileum Intestines Krebs-Ringer solution Large Intestine Magnesium Chloride Mesentery Microscopy Motility, Cell Mucous Membrane Muscle Tissue Myenteric Plexus Nervousness Neurons Platinum Poaceae Pulse Rate Smooth Muscles Sodium Chloride Spiders Stimulations, Electric Stomach Tetrodotoxin Tissues Transducers
Small intestinal tissue from n = 14 guinea pigs was used to obtain primary culture of enteric neurons as described elsewhere (Kugler et al., 2015, 2018).
Briefly, after mechanical separation of longitudinal muscle-myenteric plexus preparation and following enzymatic digestion, cell culture dishes (Ibidi) were seeded with 200 µL of myenteric ganglia suspension. This was incubated in medium M199 supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Gibco), 50–100 ng mL−1 mouse nerve growth factor 7S (Alomone labs, Jerusalem, Israel), 5 mg mL−1 Glucose, 100 U mL−1 Penicillin, 100 mg mL−1 Streptomycin (Gibco) and 2 mM arabinose-C-furanoside (Sigma–Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). The neurons were cultured in vitro under standard culture conditions (5% CO2; 37 °C; humidity 95%). Medium with additives was changed every second day. The cultures were grown for at least two weeks to obtain interconnected neuronal clusters.
Publication 2023
Arabinose Cavia Cell Culture Techniques Digestion Enzymes Fetal Bovine Serum Ganglia Glucose Humidity Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Intestines, Small Mice, House Muscle Tissue Myenteric Plexus Nerve Growth Factors Neurons Penicillins Streptomycin Tissues
Anesthetized (using sodium pentobarbital, 80 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) adult mice were transcardially perfused with PBS before introducing 4% paraformaldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). Then, the tongue was dissected and post-fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde overnight at 4 °C. The tongues were kept in 30% sucrose solution for 5–6 d. The tissue was mounted in a cryostat embedding medium and snap-frozen in powdered dry ice. The tongues were sectioned using a cryostat (thickness of 30 µm) and kept at 4 °C in PBS for storage until used for immunohistochemistry. For the myenteric plexus, the whole mount of the duodenum was prepared as described in our previous study [19 (link)].
Publication 2023
Adult Buffers Dry Ice Duodenum Freezing Immunohistochemistry Mice, House Myenteric Plexus paraform Pentobarbital Sodium Phosphates Sucrose Tissues Tongue

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More about "Myenteric Plexus"

The Myenteric Plexus, also known as Auerbach's Plexus, is a crucial component of the enteric nervous system that regulates the motility and function of the gastrointestinal tract.
This intricate network of neurons and supporting cells is located between the longitudinal and circular muscle layers of the esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines.
The Myenteric Plexus plays a pivotal role in coordinating peristaltic movements, secretion of digestive enzymes, and blood flow regulation within the digestive system.
Understanding the Myenteric Plexus is essential for unraveling the pathophysiology of various gastrointestinal disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome, Hirschsprung's disease, and gastroparesis.
Researchers studying the Myenteric Plexus may utilize a variety of tools and techniques, including Collagenase XI, Dispase, Streptomycin, Bovine serum albumin (BSA), Fetal bovine serum (FBS), Penicillin/streptomycin, Penicillin, Nicardipine, Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM), and DMEM/Nutrient Mixture F-12.
These reagents and media can be invaluable in isolating, culturing, and analyzing Myenteric Plexus cells and tissues.
PubCompare.ai, an AI-driven platform, can optimize Myenteric Plexus research by locating relevant protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, and leveraging AI-comparisons to identify the best methods and products.
This powerful tool can enhance the reproducibility and accuracy of your Myenteric Plexus studies, unlocking new insights into this critical component of the enteric nervous system.