Log In Sign up
The largest database of trusted experimental protocols
> Anatomy > Body Part > Nose

Nose

Nose, the prominent structure on the face that contains the nostrils and is the principal organ of the sense of smell and the first part of the respiratory tract.
It is responsible for breathing, smelling, and filtering and warming inhaled air.
The nose also plays a role in speech and facial expression.
Effective research on the nose and its functions can lead to advances in a variety of medical and scientific fields, from respiratory health to olfaction.
PubCompare.ai offers a powerful AI-powered tool to optimize nose-related research by locating the best protocols, products, and solutions from scientific literature, preprints, and patents.
Enhance reproducbility and accuracy with automated comparisons and analysis to discover the most effective nose-related innovations and take your work to new heights.

Most cited protocols related to «Nose»

1
Epidemiological Analysis of Early COVID-19 Cases
We obtained the medical records and compiled data for hospitalized patients and outpatients with laboratory-confirmed Covid-19, as reported to the National Health Commission between December 11, 2019, and January 29, 2020; the data cutoff for the study was January 31, 2020. Covid-19 was diagnosed on the basis of the WHO interim guidance.14 A confirmed case of Covid-19 was defined as a positive result on high-throughput sequencing or real-time reverse-transcriptase–polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) assay of nasal and pharyngeal swab specimens.1 (link) Only laboratory-confirmed cases were included in the analysis.
We obtained data regarding cases outside Hubei province from the National Health Commission. Because of the high workload of clinicians, three outside experts from Guangzhou performed raw data extraction at Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, where many of the patients with Covid-19 in Wuhan were being treated.
We extracted the recent exposure history, clinical symptoms or signs, and laboratory findings on admission from electronic medical records. Radiologic assessments included chest radiography or computed tomography (CT), and all laboratory testing was performed according to the clinical care needs of the patient. We determined the presence of a radiologic abnormality on the basis of the documentation or description in medical charts; if imaging scans were available, they were reviewed by attending physicians in respiratory medicine who extracted the data. Major disagreement between two reviewers was resolved by consultation with a third reviewer. Laboratory assessments consisted of a complete blood count, blood chemical analysis, coagulation testing, assessment of liver and renal function, and measures of electrolytes, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase. We defined the degree of severity of Covid-19 (severe vs. nonsevere) at the time of admission using the American Thoracic Society guidelines for community-acquired pneumonia.15 (link)All medical records were copied and sent to the data-processing center in Guangzhou, under the coordination of the National Health Commission. A team of experienced respiratory clinicians reviewed and abstracted the data. Data were entered into a computerized database and cross-checked. If the core data were missing, requests for clarification were sent to the coordinators, who subsequently contacted the attending clinicians.
Guan W.J., Ni Z.Y., Hu Y., Liang W.H., Ou C.Q., He J.X., Liu L., Shan H., Lei C.L., Hui D.S., Du B., Li L.J., Zeng G., Yuen K.Y., Chen R.C., Tang C.L., Wang T., Chen P.Y., Xiang J., Li S.Y., Wang J.L., Liang Z.J., Peng Y.X., Wei L., Liu Y., Hu Y.H., Peng P., Wang J.M., Liu J.Y., Chen Z., Li G., Zheng Z.J., Qiu S.Q., Luo J., Ye C.J., Zhu S.Y, & Zhong N.S. (2020). Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China. The New England Journal of Medicine.
Publication 2020
Biological Assay Blood Chemical Analysis Complete Blood Count COVID 19 C Reactive Protein Creatine Kinase Electrolytes Kidney Lactate Dehydrogenase Liver Nose Outpatients Patients Pharynx Physicians Pneumonia Procalcitonin Radiography, Thoracic Radionuclide Imaging Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Respiratory Rate Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase X-Ray Computed Tomography
2
Diagnostic Protocol for Novel Coronavirus

Protocol full text hidden due to copyright restrictions

Open the protocol to access the free full text link

Publication 2020
Adenovirus Infections Adrenal Cortex Hormones Antibiotics Bacteria Biological Assay Blood Bronchi Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Complete Blood Count COVID 19 Creatine Kinase Electrolytes Feces Genes, env Influenza Influenza in Birds isolation Kidney Lactate Dehydrogenase Liver Mechanical Ventilation Methylprednisolone Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Nasal Cannula Nose Oligonucleotide Primers Oseltamivir Oxygen Parainfluenza Pathogenicity Patients Pharynx Physical Examination Physicians Pneumonia Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Respiratory Rate Respiratory Syncytial Virus Respiratory System SARS-CoV-2 Serum Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus Sputum Tests, Blood Coagulation Tests, Diagnostic Therapeutics Treatment Protocols Virus Virus Release
3
Psychological Impact of COVID-19: A Comprehensive Survey
Previous surveys on the psychological impacts of SARS and influenza outbreaks were reviewed [18 (link),21 (link),24 ]. Authors included additional questions related to the COVID-19 outbreak. The structured questionnaire consisted of questions that covered several areas: (1) demographic data; (2) physical symptoms in the past 14 days; (3) contact history with COVID-19 in the past 14 days; (4) knowledge and concerns about COVID-19; (5) precautionary measures against COVID-19 in the past 14 days; (6) additional information required with respect to COVID-19; (7) the psychological impact of the COVID-19 outbreak; and (8) mental health status.
Sociodemographic data were collected on gender, age, education, residential location in the past 14 days, marital status, employment status, monthly income, parental status, and household size. Physical symptom variables in the past 14 days included fever, chills, headache, myalgia, cough, difficulty in breathing, dizziness, coryza, sore throat, and persistent fever, as well as persistent fever and cough or difficulty breathing. Respondents were asked to rate their physical health status and state any history of chronic medical illness. Health service utilization variables in the past 14 days included consultation with a doctor in the clinic, admission to the hospital, being quarantined by a health authority, and being tested for COVID-19. Contact history variables included close contact with an individual with confirmed COVID-19, indirect contact with an individual with confirmed COVID-19, and contact with an individual with suspected COVID-19 or infected materials.
Knowledge about COVID-19 variables included knowledge about the routes of transmission, level of confidence in diagnosis, level of satisfaction of health information about COVID-19, the trend of new cases and death, and potential treatment for COVID-19 infection. Respondents were asked to indicate their source of information. The actual number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 and deaths in the city on the day of the survey were collected. Concern about COVID-19 variables included self and other family members contracting COVID-19 and the chance of surviving if infected.
Precautionary measures against COVID-19 variables included avoidance of sharing of utensils (e.g., chopsticks) during meals, covering mouth when coughing and sneezing, washing hands with soap, washing hands immediately after coughing, sneezing, or rubbing the nose, washing hands after touching contaminated objects, and wearing a mask regardless of the presence or absence of symptoms. The respondents were asked the average number of hours staying at home per day to avoid COVID-19. Respondents were also asked whether they felt too much -unnecessary worry had been made about the COVID-19 epidemic. Additional health information about COVID-19 needed by respondents included more information about symptoms after contraction of COVID-19, routes of transmission, treatment, prevention of the spread of COVID-19, local outbreaks, travel advice, and other measures imposed by other countries.
The psychological impact of COVID-19 was measured using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). The IES-R is a self-administered questionnaire that has been well-validated in the Chinese population for determining the extent of psychological impact after exposure to a public health crisis within one week of exposure [25 (link)]. This 22-item questionnaire is composed of three subscales and aims to measure the mean avoidance, intrusion, and hyperarousal [26 (link)]. The total IES-R score was divided into 0–23 (normal), 24–32 (mild psychological impact), 33–36 (moderate psychological impact), and >37 (severe psychological impact) [27 (link)].
Mental health status was measured using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and calculations of scores were based on the previous study [28 (link)]. Questions 3, 5, 10, 13, 16, 17 and 21formed the depression subscale. The total depression subscale score was divided into normal (0–9), mild depression (10–12), moderate depression (13–20), severe depression (21–27), and extremely severe depression (28–42). Questions 2, 4, 7, 9, 15, 19, and 20 formed the anxiety subscale. The total anxiety subscale score was divided into normal (0–6), mild anxiety (7–9), moderate anxiety (10–14), severe anxiety (15–19), and extremely severe anxiety (20–42). Questions 1, 6, 8, 11, 12, 14, and 18 formed the stress subscale. The total stress subscale score was divided into normal (0–10), mild stress (11–18), moderate stress (19–26), severe stress (27–34), and extremely severe stress (35–42). The DASS has been demonstrated to be a reliable and valid measure in assessing mental health in the Chinese population [29 (link),30 (link)]. The DASS was previously used in research related to SARS [31 (link)].
Wang C., Pan R., Wan X., Tan Y., Xu L., Ho C.S, & Ho R.C. (2020). Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(5), 1729.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2020
Anxiety Chills Chinese Common Cold COVID 19 diacetoxyscirpenol Diagnosis Disease, Chronic Disease Outbreaks Epidemics Family Member Feelings Fever Gender Headache Households Influenza Mental Health Myalgia Nose Oral Cavity Parent Physical Examination Physicians Respiratory Diaphragm Satisfaction Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Sore Throat Transmission, Communicable Disease
4
Respiratory Virus Sample Collection and Analysis
Cell culture supernatants containing typed coronaviruses and other respiratory viruses were provided by Charité and University of Hong Kong research laboratories. Respiratory samples were obtained during 2019 from patients hospitalised at Charité medical centre and tested by the NxTAG respiratory pathogen panel (Luminex, S´Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands) or in cases of MERS-CoV by the MERS-CoV upE assay as published before [10 (link)]. Additional samples were selected from biobanks at the Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu (RIVM), Bilthoven, at Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, at Public Health England (PHE), London, and at the University of Hong Kong. Samples from all collections comprised sputum as well as nose and throat swabs with or without viral transport medium.
Faecal samples containing bat-derived SARS-related CoV samples (identified by GenBank accession numbers) were tested: KC633203, Betacoronavirus BtCoV/Rhi_eur/BB98–98/BGR/2008; KC633204, Betacoronavirus BtCoV/Rhi_eur/BB98–92/BGR/2008; KC633201, Betacoronavirus BtCoV/Rhi_bla/BB98–22/BGR/2008; GU190221 Betacoronavirus Bat coronavirus BR98–19/BGR/2008; GU190222 Betacoronavirus Bat coronavirus BM98–01/BGR/2008; GU190223, Betacoronavirus Bat coronavirus BM98–13/BGR/2008.
All synthetic RNA used in this study was photometrically quantified.
Corman V.M., Landt O., Kaiser M., Molenkamp R., Meijer A., Chu D.K., Bleicker T., Brünink S., Schneider J., Schmidt M.L., Mulders D.G., Haagmans B.L., van der Veer B., van den Brink S., Wijsman L., Goderski G., Romette J.L., Ellis J., Zambon M., Peiris M., Goossens H., Reusken C., Koopmans M.P, & Drosten C. (2020). Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR. Eurosurveillance, 25(3), 2000045.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2020
Betacoronavirus Biological Assay Cell Culture Techniques Coronavirus Feces Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Nose pathogenesis Patients Pharynx Respiratory Rate Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus Specimen Collection Sputum Virus
5
Standardized Olfactory Assessment: A Comprehensive Protocol
Data were obtained from 9139 subjects [4928 females aged 5–96 years (M = 31.8, SD = 18.9) and 4211 males aged 5–91 years (M = 30.7, SD = 17.7)]. Among them, 3432 (37.5%) had been included in a previous study to establish normative data [15 (link)]. According to the inclusion criteria for the respective studies, all subjects were healthy and none reported histories for any olfactory disturbances.
Odors were delivered using felt-tip pens (“Sniffin’ Sticks”) of approximately 14 cm length and an inner diameter of 1.3 cm. These pens carry a tampon soaked with 4 ml of liquid odorant. For odor presentation, the cap was removed from the pen for approximately 3 s, the pen’s tip brought in front of the subject’s nose and carefully moved from left to right nostril and backwards [3 (link)].
The threshold was obtained in a three alternative forced choice paradigm (3 AFC) where subjects were repeatedly presented with triplets of pens and had to discriminate one pen containing an odorous solution from two blanks filled with the solvent. Phenylethanol (dissolved in propylene glycol) or n-butanol (dissolved in water) were used, with both odorants having been found equivalent in olfactory sensitivity testing: scores obtained with both are correlated [17 (link)]. The highest concentration was a 4% odor solution. Sixteen concentrations were created by stepwise diluting previous ones by 1:2. Starting with the lowest odor concentration, a staircase paradigm was used where two subsequent correct identifications of the odorous pen or one incorrect answer marked a so-called turning point, and resulted in a decrease or increase, respectively, of concentration in the next triplet. Triplets were presented at 20 s intervals. The threshold score was the mean of the last four turning points in the staircase, with the final score ranging between 1 and 16 points.
The discrimination task used the same 3 AFC logic. Two pens of any triplet contained the same odorant, while the third pen smelled differently. Subjects were asked to indicate the single pen with a different smell. Within-triplet intervals were approximately 3 s. As the odors used in this subtest were more intense, between-triplets intervals were 20–30 s. The score was the sum of correctly identified odors. Hence, the scores in this task ranged from 0 to 16 points. Importantly, subjects were blindfolded for the threshold and discrimination tasks to avoid visual identification of target pens.
Odor identification comprised common and familiar odorants (recognized by at least 75% of the population). Subjects were presented with single pens and asked to identify and label the smell, using four alternative descriptors for each pen. Between-pen intervals were approximately 20–30 s. The total score was the sum of correctly identified pens, thus subjects could score between 0 and 16 points.
The final “TDI score” was the sum of scores for Threshold, Discrimination and Identification subtests, with a range between 1 and 48 points.
Oleszkiewicz A., Schriever V.A., Croy I., Hähner A, & Hummel T. (2018). Updated Sniffin’ Sticks normative data based on an extended sample of 9139 subjects. European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, 276(3), 719-728.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2018
Butyl Alcohol Discrimination, Psychology Feelings Females Hypersensitivity Males Nose Odorants Odors Phenylethyl Alcohol Propylene Glycol Sense of Smell Solvents Triplets

Most recents protocols related to «Nose»

1
Evaluating mRNA Vaccines Against Lethal hMPV Challenge in Cotton Rats
Not available on PMC !

Example 16

The instant study was designed to test the efficacy in cotton rats of hMPV vaccines against a lethal challenge. mRNA vaccines encoding hMPV fusion protein were used. The mRNA polynucleotide encodes a full-length fusion protein and comprises the wild-type nucleotide sequence obtained from the hMPV A2a strain.

Cotton rats were immunized intramuscularly (IM) at week 0 and week 3 with the mRNA vaccines encoding hMPV fusion protein with either 2 μg or 10 μg doses for each immunization. The animals were then challenged with a lethal dose of hMPV in week 7 post initial immunization via IV, IM or ID. The endpoint was day 13 post infection, death or euthanasia. Viral titers in the noses and lungs of the cotton rats were measured. The results (FIGS. 9A and 9B) show that a 10 μg dose of mRNA vaccine protected the cotton mice 100% in the lung and drastically reduced the viral titer in the nose after challenge (˜2 log reduction). Moreover, a 2 μg dose of mRNA vaccine showed a 1 log reduction in lung viral titer in the cotton mice challenged.

Further, the histopathology of the lungs of the cotton mice immunized and challenged showed no pathology associated with vaccine-enhanced disease (FIG. 10).

US11872278B2. Combination HMPV/RSV RNA vaccines (2024-01-16). ModernaTX, Inc. [US]. Inventors: Giuseppe Ciaramella [US], Sunny Himansu [US].
Full text: Click here
Patent 2024
Animals Base Sequence Euthanasia Gossypium Human Metapneumovirus Immunization Infection Lung mRNA Vaccine mRNA Vaccines Mus Nose Pneumonia, Viral Polynucleotides Proteins Rats, Cotton RNA, Messenger Rodent Strains vaccin Vaccines
2
Sepsis Modeling in Mice Using N. meningitidis Strains
Not available on PMC !

Example 7

Sepsis modeling was performed as described by Gorringe A. R., Reddin, K. M., Voet P. and Poolman J. T. (Methods Mol. Med. 66, 241 (Jan. 1, 2001)) and Johswich, K. O. et al. (Infect. Immun. 80, 2346 (Jul. 1, 2012)). Groups of 6 eight-week-old C57BL/6 mice (Charles River Laboratories) were inoculated via intraperitoneal injection with N. meningitidis strain B16B6, B16B6 Δtbpb, or B16B6 Δnmb0313 (N=2 independent experiments). To prepare inoculums, bacterial strains for infection were grown overnight on GC agar, resuspended and then grown for 4 h in 10 ml of Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) medium at 37° C. with shaking. Cultures were adjusted such that each final 500 μl inoculum contained 1×106 colony forming units and 10 mg human holo-transferrin. Mice were monitored at least every 12 h starting 48 h before infection to 48 h after infection for changes in weight, clinical symptoms and bacteremia. Mice were scored on a scale of 0-2 based on the severity of the following clinical symptoms: grooming, posture, appearance of eyes and nose, breathing, dehydration, diarrhea, unprovoked behavior, and provoked behavior. Animals reaching endpoint criteria were humanely euthanized. Animal experiments were conducted in accordance with the Animal Ethics Review Committee of the University of Toronto.

FIG. 7 shows the results obtained. FIG. 7A shows a solid phase binding assay consisting of N.men cells fixed with paraformaldehyde (PFA) or lysed with SDS and were spotted onto nitrocellulose and probed with α-TbpB antibodies. ΔSLAM/tn5 refers to the original strain of SLAM deficient cells obtained through transposon insertion. ΔSLAM describes the knockout of SLAM in Neisseria meningitidis obtained by replacing the SLAM ORF with a kanamycin resistance cassette. FIG. 7B shows a Proteinase K digestion assay showing the degradation of TbpB, LbpB and fHbp only when Nm cells are SLAM deficient (ΔSLAM). Nm cells expressing individual SLPs alone and with SLAM were incubated with proteinase K and Western blots were used to detect levels of all three SLPs levels with and without protease digestion (−/+). Flow cytometry was used to confirm that ΔSLAM cells could not display TbpB (FIG. 7C) or fHbp (FIG. 7D) on the cell surface. Antibodies against TbpB and fHbp were used to bind surface exposed SLPs followed by incubation with a α-Rabbit antibody linked to phycoerythrin to provide fluorescence. The mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) of each sample was measured using the FL2 detector of a BD FACS Calibur. The signal obtained from wildtype cells was set to 100% for comparison with signals from knockout cells. Error bars represent the standard error of the mean (SEM) from three experiments. Shown in FIG. 7E are the results of mice infections with various strains. Mice were infected via intraperitoneal injection with 1×106 CFU of wildtype N. meningitidis strain B16B6, B16B6 with a knockout of TbpB (ΔtbpB), or B16B6 with a knockout of nmb0313 Δslam and monitored for survival and disease symptoms every 12 h starting 48 hr pre-infection to 48 h post-infection and additionally monitored at 3 hr post-infection. Statistical differences in survival were assessed by a Mantel-Cox log rank test (GraphPad Prism 5) (*p<0.05, n.s. not significant). These results show a marked reduction in post-infection mortality in mice infected with the knockout of nmb0313 Δslam strain.

US11872275B2. SLAM polynucleotides and polypeptides and uses thereof (2024-01-16). ENGINEERED ANTIGENS INC. [CA]. Inventors: Trevor F. Moraes [CA], Christine Chieh-Lin Lai [CA], Yogesh Hooda [CA], Andrew Judd [CA], Anthony B. Schryvers [CA], Scott D. Gray-Owen [CA].
Full text: Click here
Patent 2024
Agar Animals Antibodies Bacteremia Bacterial Infections Biological Assay Brain Cells Cultured Cells Dehydration Diarrhea Digestion Endopeptidase K Eye Flow Cytometry Fluorescence Genes Heart Homo sapiens Immunoglobulins Infection Injections, Intraperitoneal Jumping Genes Kanamycin Resistance Mice, Inbred C57BL Mus Neisseria Neisseria meningitidis Nitrocellulose Nose paraform Peptide Hydrolases Phycoerythrin prisma Rabbits Rivers Sepsis Strains Transferrin Virulence Western Blot
3
Oral Health Assessment and Pneumonia Risk
All patients admitted to our hospital received a basic oral health check, including OHAT, by a dental hygienist to identify those requiring dental treatment and oral care. OHAT was developed for regular oral assessment and protocolisation of oral care, in an attempt to provide equitable, high-quality oral care, regardless of the personnel administering care4 (link) and for objective assessment of the oral environment in clinical practice.
Patients with swallowing dysfunction are commonly referred to the Ear, Nose and Throat department for VE and VF, followed by treatment and rehabilitation.
This study included 24 patients (7 men and 17 women; age range: 64–97 years; average age: 86 years) who were examined by OHAT, VE and VF at Fukuoka Dental College Hospital between April 2014 and October 2019. Patients with head and neck cancers were excluded from the study, as these conditions may affect the oral environment.
A flow chart of patient selection is shown in Figure 1.

Flow chart of patient selection.

A diagnosis of pneumonia was made in cases fulfilling the following criteria: chest X-ray or chest computed tomography (CT) showing an alveolar infiltration shadow, with a fever of 37.5°C or higher and an abnormally high C-reactive protein level, a peripheral white blood cell count of more than 9000/µL and/or the presence of any two or more airway symptoms, such as sputum. We evaluated the associations of the OHAT score with VE and VF and compared the associations between patients with no or only a single episode of pneumonia (no/single-pneumonia episode group) and patients with multiple pneumonia episodes (multiple-pneumonia episode group).
Yamano T., Nishi K., Omori F., Wada K, & Naito T. (2023). Association Between Oral Health and Swallowing Function in the Elderly. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 18, 343-351.
Publication 2023
Cancer of Head and Neck Chest C Reactive Protein Dental Care Dental Health Services Diagnosis Fever Hygienist, Dental Leukocyte Count Nose Patients Pharynx Pneumonia Quality of Health Care Radiography, Thoracic Rehabilitation Sputum Woman X-Ray Computed Tomography
4
Standardized Breath Sampling Protocol
All breath samples were collected using a predefined protocol and tested within twenty-four hours. The sampling apparatus was composed of a disposable gas nipple and a sampling bag made of polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK). In this study, we set standard sampling demands and protocols to minimize the influence of the daily diet. Firstly, we conducted sampling at a second visit if he/she was an inpatient and informed the participants to prepare for sampling in advance: no smoking, alcohol, or diets within an hour before sampling. Secondly, participants were required to rinse their mouths with purified water instantly before sampling to minimize the influence of diet, smoking, etc. Thirdly, all samples are required to be collected in the same environment, which could minimize the effects of environmental facts. With a deep nasal inhalation, participants completely exhaled the air into the sampling bag with over 1.2 L volume.
Fu L., Wang L., Wang H., Yang M., Yang Q., Lin Y., Guan S., Deng Y., Liu L., Li Q., He M., Zhang P., Chen H, & Deng G. (2023). A cross-sectional study: a breathomics based pulmonary tuberculosis detection method. BMC Infectious Diseases, 23, 148.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2023
Diet Ethanol Inhalation Inpatient Nipples Nose polyetheretherketone
5
Disrupted Childhoods and Lasting Trauma
Fragmented, often abusive early settings characterised by poor relationships with one or both parents characterised participants sense of their place in the world. The family home was frequently associated with experiences of physical, emotional and sexual abuse. With the disruption of formative networks and bonds with caregivers, this culminated for many within institutional care or the care of relatives. Reported experiences of care were mixed, with many women describing “getting in with the wrong crowd” and taking drugs for the first time but also feelings of relief during a respite from abuse at home:

Me mam was a severe alcoholic. I used to get beat up daily. The school didn’t do anything until I was 12-year old, after me nanna died. And basically, I got put with the person who was actually raping me. So I was there for 3 months and the trauma of that, I just couldn’t cope with. So I rebelled at school, and that’s when I got put into […] children’s home. Things started to calm down a little bit there, but I just wanted to be – it sounds stupid – but I wanted to be where my safety net was, where my mam was (Rosie).

Women described the home environment being one where substance misuse and interpersonal conflict were normalized. Trauma was widely experienced, with multiple adverse experiences throughout the life course. Leaving home often occurred as a result of crisis, either the death of a main caregiver or family breakdown. Women described getting into relationships with older men, which provided both a means of escape and in many cases a trap. For Michelle, a relationship initially provided a refuge from her homelife and though the relationship quickly turned sour her mother did not allow her to return home: “I moved out when I was 15 year old I rang me mam crying cos I was miles away from [home …] and she went “you’ve made your bed you lie in it” (Michelle).
Early experiences of abusive family life set future expectations of relationships, where physical violence was normalized and associated with love. Tracy described how unremarkable experiences of violence were, which foreshadowed later relationships:

I was beaten as a child by my father. My mother beat my sister. Never ever hit me. Sides get picked, you get her I get her. And I thought it was how someone showed that they loved you, you know? … I had my nose broken. First my dad. And then boyfriends. There was a competition going on. It becomes a way of life I guess (Tracy).

Early experiences of lack of informal support of parents and extended family; resources that are normative and critical to healthy child development and achievement even into early adulthood [64 (link)] impact these women throughout their lives. Experiencing early trauma, including emotional, physical, and sexual abuse, neglect, parental mental ill-health and/or substance abuse, are all particular risk factors associated with unresolved trauma and long-term homelessness in adulthood [65 (link)].
McGrath J., Crossley S., Lhussier M, & Forster N. (2023). Social capital and women’s narratives of homelessness and multiple exclusion in northern England. International Journal for Equity in Health, 22, 41.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2023
Abuse, Physical Alcoholics Catabolism Child Child Development Children's Health Drug Abuse Emotions Extended Family Feelings Life Experiences Mental Health Mothers Nose Parent Pharmaceutical Preparations Physical Examination Safety Sexual Abuse Sound Substance Abuse Woman Wounds and Injuries

Top products related to «Nose»

1
Qiaamp viral rna mini kit by Qiagen
Sourced in Germany, United States, United Kingdom, France, Spain, Japan, China, Netherlands, Italy, Australia, Canada, Switzerland, Belgium
The QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit is a laboratory equipment designed for the extraction and purification of viral RNA from various sample types. It utilizes a silica-based membrane technology to efficiently capture and isolate viral RNA, which can then be used for downstream applications such as RT-PCR analysis.
2
Rneasy mini kit by Qiagen
Sourced in Germany, United States, United Kingdom, Netherlands, Spain, Japan, Canada, France, China, Australia, Italy, Switzerland, Sweden, Belgium, Denmark, India, Jamaica, Singapore, Poland, Lithuania, Brazil, New Zealand, Austria, Hong Kong, Portugal, Romania, Cameroon, Norway
The RNeasy Mini Kit is a laboratory equipment designed for the purification of total RNA from a variety of sample types, including animal cells, tissues, and other biological materials. The kit utilizes a silica-based membrane technology to selectively bind and isolate RNA molecules, allowing for efficient extraction and recovery of high-quality RNA.
3
Matlab by MathWorks
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Canada, Japan, Sweden, Austria, Morocco, Switzerland, Australia, Belgium, Italy, Netherlands, China, France, Denmark, Norway, Hungary, Malaysia, Israel, Finland, Spain
MATLAB is a high-performance programming language and numerical computing environment used for scientific and engineering calculations, data analysis, and visualization. It provides a comprehensive set of tools for solving complex mathematical and computational problems.
4
Fetal bovine serum (fbs) by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, China, United Kingdom, Germany, Australia, Japan, Canada, Italy, France, Switzerland, New Zealand, Brazil, Belgium, India, Spain, Israel, Austria, Poland, Ireland, Sweden, Macao, Netherlands, Denmark, Cameroon, Singapore, Portugal, Argentina, Holy See (Vatican City State), Morocco, Uruguay, Mexico, Thailand, Sao Tome and Principe, Hungary, Panama, Hong Kong, Norway, United Arab Emirates, Czechia, Russian Federation, Chile, Moldova, Republic of, Gabon, Palestine, State of, Saudi Arabia, Senegal
Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is a cell culture supplement derived from the blood of bovine fetuses. FBS provides a source of proteins, growth factors, and other components that support the growth and maintenance of various cell types in in vitro cell culture applications.
5
Vevo 2100 by Fujifilm
Sourced in Canada, United States, Japan
The Vevo 2100 is a high-resolution, real-time in vivo imaging system designed for preclinical research. It utilizes advanced ultrasound technology to capture detailed images and data of small animal subjects.
6
Operant chamber by Med Associates
Sourced in United States, Sao Tome and Principe, Georgia
Operant chambers are specialized laboratory equipment used in behavioral research. They provide a controlled environment for studying animal behavior, particularly in the context of operant conditioning. The core function of operant chambers is to allow researchers to present stimuli and record the animal's responses, enabling the investigation of learning, motivation, and other behavioral processes.
7
Penicillin streptomycin by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Canada, France, Japan, Australia, Switzerland, Israel, Italy, Belgium, Austria, Spain, Gabon, Ireland, New Zealand, Sweden, Netherlands, Denmark, Brazil, Macao, India, Singapore, Poland, Argentina, Cameroon, Uruguay, Morocco, Panama, Colombia, Holy See (Vatican City State), Hungary, Norway, Portugal, Mexico, Thailand, Palestine, State of, Finland, Moldova, Republic of, Jamaica, Czechia
Penicillin/streptomycin is a commonly used antibiotic solution for cell culture applications. It contains a combination of penicillin and streptomycin, which are broad-spectrum antibiotics that inhibit the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
8
Streptomycin by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, China, France, Canada, Australia, Japan, Switzerland, Italy, Belgium, Israel, Austria, Spain, Netherlands, Poland, Brazil, Denmark, Argentina, Sweden, New Zealand, Ireland, India, Gabon, Macao, Portugal, Czechia, Singapore, Norway, Thailand, Uruguay, Moldova, Republic of, Finland, Panama
Streptomycin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used in laboratory settings. It functions as a protein synthesis inhibitor, targeting the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes, which plays a crucial role in the translation of genetic information into proteins. Streptomycin is commonly used in microbiological research and applications that require selective inhibition of bacterial growth.
9
Penicillin by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, China, France, Canada, Japan, Australia, Switzerland, Italy, Israel, Belgium, Austria, Spain, Brazil, Netherlands, Gabon, Denmark, Poland, Ireland, New Zealand, Sweden, Argentina, India, Macao, Uruguay, Portugal, Holy See (Vatican City State), Czechia, Singapore, Panama, Thailand, Moldova, Republic of, Finland, Morocco
Penicillin is a type of antibiotic used in laboratory settings. It is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent effective against a variety of bacteria. Penicillin functions by disrupting the bacterial cell wall, leading to cell death.
10
Trizol reagent by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, China, Japan, Germany, United Kingdom, Canada, France, Italy, Australia, Spain, Switzerland, Netherlands, Belgium, Lithuania, Denmark, Singapore, New Zealand, India, Brazil, Argentina, Sweden, Norway, Austria, Poland, Finland, Israel, Hong Kong, Cameroon, Sao Tome and Principe, Macao, Taiwan, Province of China, Thailand
TRIzol reagent is a monophasic solution of phenol, guanidine isothiocyanate, and other proprietary components designed for the isolation of total RNA, DNA, and proteins from a variety of biological samples. The reagent maintains the integrity of the RNA while disrupting cells and dissolving cell components.

More about "Nose"

The nose is a prominent facial feature that plays a crucial role in various bodily functions, from respiration and olfaction to speech and facial expression.
This versatile organ is the principal structure of the sense of smell and the first part of the respiratory tract, responsible for filtering, warming, and humidifying inhaled air.
Effective research on the nose and its functions can lead to advancements in a wide range of medical and scientific fields, from respiratory health to olfactory disorders.
PubCompare.ai, an AI-powered tool, can optimize nose-related research by helping researchers locate the best protocols, products, and solutions from scientific literature, preprints, and patents.
The nose's intricate anatomy and diverse functions make it a subject of interest for scientists and clinicians alike.
Researchers may utilize tools like the QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit, RNeasy Mini Kit, and MATLAB to study nasal physiology, pathology, and related conditions.
Techniques such as Vevo 2100 imaging and operant chambers can provide valuable insights into nasal structure and function.
Maintaining a healthy nasal environment is also crucial, and treatments like antibiotics (e.g., penicillin and streptomycin) or TRIzol reagent may be employed to manage nasal infections or other disorders.
By enhancing reproducibility and accuracy through automated comparisons and analysis, PubCompare.ai can help researchers discover the most effective nose-related innovations and take their work to new heights.