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Nuclear Groups, Basolateral

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Most cited protocols related to «Nuclear Groups, Basolateral»

Induction of Non-Harmful Seizures in Mice

All animal experiments were performed in accordance with the European Communities Council Directive (86/609/EEC) and were reviewed and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (REC #205), under license from the Department of Health, Dublin, Ireland. Adult (20–22 g) male C57BL/6 mice (Harlan) were purchased from Harlan. Food and water was available ad libitum. Induction of SE was performed as described previously^{31 (link)}. Mice were anesthetized with isoflurane and placed in a mouse-adapted stereotaxic frame. Following a midline scalp incision, Bregma was located and three partial craniectomies performed for placement of skull-mounted recording screws (Bilaney Consultants). A fourth craniectomy was drilled for placement of a guide cannula (Coordinates from Bregma; AP = −0.94 mm, L = −2.85 mm) based on a stereotaxic atlas⁶⁰. The cannula and electrode assembly was fixed in place and the animal placed in an open Perspex box which allowed free movement. The EEG was recorded using a Grass Comet digital EEG. After baseline EEG was established, the animal was lightly restrained while an injection cannula was lowered 3.75 mm below the brain surface for injection of KA (Sigma-Aldrich) or vehicle (phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), pH adjusted to 7.4) into the basolateral amygdala nucleus. After 40 min, all mice received lorazepam (Ativan, 6 mg kg⁻¹, i.p.). Animals were recorded for up to an hour thereafter before being disconnected and placed in a warmed recovery chamber. Non-harmful seizures were induced by a single injection (i.p.) of KA (15 mg kg⁻¹), as described^{36 (link)}.

Jimenez-Mateos E.M., Engel T., Merino-Serrais P., McKiernan R.C., Tanaka K., Mouri G., Sano T., O’Tuathaigh C., Waddington J.L., Prenter S., Delanty N., Farrell M.A., O’Brien D.F., Conroy R.M., Stallings R.L., deFelipe J, & Henshall D.C. (2012). Silencing microRNA-134 produces neuroprotective and prolonged seizure-suppressive effects. Nature medicine, 18(7), 1087-1094.

Publication 2012

Adult Animals Ativan Brain Cannula Cannulation Cell Nucleus Comet Assay Craniectomy Cranium Ethics Committees, Research Fingers Food Isoflurane Lorazepam Males Mice, House Mice, Inbred C57BL Movement Nuclear Groups, Basolateral Perspex Phosphates Reading Frames Saline Solution Scalp Seizures Surgeons

Induction of Non-Harmful Seizures in Mice

Publication 2012

Optogenetic Manipulation in Mouse Brain

Six-week-old C57BL/6 mice (P35–45) were initially induced with ketamine (80 mg kg⁻¹) and xylazine (10 mg kg⁻¹) and placed into a stereotaxic frame (David Kopf Instruments), before isoflurane anesthesia (~1% in O2, v/v). A craniotomy (∼1 mm in diameter) was made above the injection site. Virus suspensions were slowly injected (100 nl min^–1) using a 34 G beveled needle (Nanofil syringe, World Precision Instruments). After injection, the needle was left in place for an additional 5 min and then slowly withdrawn. The surgical procedure was either continued with optic fiber or optrode drive implantations (described below), or the surgical incision was closed with tissue glue and 0.05 mg kg⁻¹ Buprenorphine was subcutaneously injected for post-surgical analgesia. Injections targeting the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) were made 1.8 mm anterior, 0.3 mm lateral and 2.53 mm ventral to bregma. Basolateral amygdala (BLA) injection coordinates were 1.15 mm posterior, 3.0 mm lateral, and 5.0 mm ventral to bregma. For mPFC injections, 1 µl of the indicated virus was injected. For fear extinction experiments mice were bilaterally injected with 500 nl AAV2/1&2.CamKIIα.stGtACR2-Fred.WPRE or AAV2/1&2.CamKIIα.eYFP.WPRE with a genomic titer in the range of 2–3 x 10¹¹ vp ml⁻¹.

Mahn M., Gibor L., Patil P., Cohen-Kashi Malina K., Oring S., Printz Y., Levy R., Lampl I, & Yizhar O. (2018). High-efficiency optogenetic silencing with soma-targeted anion-conducting channelrhodopsins. Nature Communications, 9, 4125.

Publication 2018

Anesthesia Buprenorphine Craniotomy Extinction, Psychological Fear Genome Isoflurane Ketamine Management, Pain Mice, House Mice, Inbred C57BL Needles Nuclear Groups, Basolateral Operative Surgical Procedures Ovum Implantation Prefrontal Cortex Reading Frames Surgical Wound Syringes Tissues Virus Xylazine

Targeted Intracranial Infusions in Rats

After bar-press training, rats were anesthetized with intraperitoneal injections of a mixture of ketamine (80 mg/kg)-xylazine (10 mg/kg) and were chronically implanted with a 26-gauge bilateral guide cannula (Plastics One, Roanoke, VA, USA) in one of four sites: infralimbic cortex (IL; +2.8 mm AP; +/− 3.1 mm ML; −3.8 mm DV; angled at 30°); prelimbic cortex (PL; +2.9 mm AP; +/− 0.60 mm ML; −2.6 mm DV); basolateral amygdala (BLA; −2.8 mm AP; +/− 5.0 mm ML; −7.6 mm DV); or ventral hippocampus (vHPC; −6.30 mm AP; +/− 5.00 mm ML; −5.5 mm DV) (Paxinos and Watson, 1998 ). For pre-extinction infusions into IL, the angled placement was used to avoid the overlying PL cortex. For post-extinction infusions into IL, bilateral cannula targeted IL vertically, with no angle (+2.8 mm AP; +/− 0.60 mm ML; −4.2 mm DV). Acrylic cement was used to affix cannulas to the skull. After surgery, a triple antibiotic was applied and an analgesic (Buprenorphine; 0.05 mg/kg) was injected intramuscularly. Rats were allowed 7 days to recover from surgery prior to behavioral testing. Stainless steel obturators (33-gauge) were inserted into the guide cannulas to maintain patency until infusions were made.

Sierra-Mercado D., Padilla-Coreano N, & Quirk G.J. (2010). Dissociable Roles of Prelimbic and Infralimbic Cortices, Ventral Hippocampus, and Basolateral Amygdala in the Expression and Extinction of Conditioned Fear. Neuropsychopharmacology, 36(2), 529-538.

Publication 2010

Analgesics Antibiotics Buprenorphine Cannula Cortex, Cerebral Cranium Dental Cements Extinction, Psychological Injections, Intraperitoneal Ketamine Nuclear Groups, Basolateral Operative Surgical Procedures Rattus Seahorses Stainless Steel Xylazine

Stereotactic Viral Injections in Mice and Rats

Mice were placed on doxycycline chow 24 hr prior to surgery (40 mg/kg, Bio-Serv, Flemington, NJ). On the day of surgery, mice were anaesthetized using isoflurane (3% induction, 1.5% maintenance during surgery) and secured to a stereotactic frame (Kopf) with a heating pad to maintain body temperature. Mice were injected sub-dermally with Buprenex (1 mg/kg) and given topical Lidocaine (20 mg/mL) for analgesia (Hi-Tech Pharmacal, Amityville, NY). Following exposure of the skull, a small craniotomy was made overlying the target brain structure. Using a glass pipette (50 µm tip) connected to a Nanoject II (Drummond Scientific, Broomall, PA) injector, AAVs were delivered (50 nL/infusion, 30 sec between infusions) to the brain, and allowed to diffuse for 10 min before withdrawing the pipette. The coordinates of the target brain structures in reference to bregma (mm) and injection volumes (nL) were as follows: dentate gyrus (AP: −1.9, ML: ± 1.4, DV: −2.05; 600), dorsal CA3 (AP: −1.9, ML: ± 1.85, DV: −2.1; 500), basolateral amygdala (AP: −1.6, ML: ± 3.25, DV: −3.6 from pial surface; 1000), and central amygdala (AP: −1.4, ML: ± 2.85, DV: −3.7 from pial surface; 300). All injections were performed bilaterally. Mice were kept on doxycycline chow and allowed to recover for 7–14 days following surgery.
Rats were anesthetized with isoflurane. A midline incision was made to expose the skull, and a small craniotomy was made unilaterally above the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Recombinant AAV was injected into the prelimbic cortex (PL) of the mPFC. A stainless steel needle with the beveled tip facing laterally (31 gauge; Hamilton Company, Reno, Nevada) was directed to the PL (AP: +2.5, ML: ±0.5, DV: −2.0 from pial surface). For the CRAM experiment in rats, CAV2-Cre was bilaterally injected to the dorsal medial striatum (AP: +0.1, ML: ± 2.0, DV: −3.5 from pial surface). Virus (1.0 μL/hemisphere) was infused over 10 min (0.1 μL/min), followed by an additional 10 min to allow diffusion of the virus from the needle tip. The skin was sealed with Vetbond tissue adhesive.

Sørensen A.T., Cooper Y.A., Baratta M.V., Weng F.J., Zhang Y., Ramamoorthi K., Fropf R., LaVerriere E., Xue J., Young A., Schneider C., Gøtzsche C.R., Hemberg M., Yin J.C., Maier S.F, & Lin Y. (2016). A robust activity marking system for exploring active neuronal ensembles. eLife, 5, e13918.

Publication 2016

Body Temperature Brain Buprenex CAV2 protein, human Cortex, Cerebral Craniotomy Cranium Diffusion Doxycycline Gyrus, Dentate Isoflurane Lidocaine Management, Pain Mice, House Needles Nuclear Groups, Basolateral Nucleus, Central Amygdaloid Operative Surgical Procedures Prefrontal Cortex Rattus Reading Frames Skin Stainless Steel Striatum, Corpus Surgery, Day Tissue Adhesives Virus

Most recents protocols related to «Nuclear Groups, Basolateral»

DBS-Mediated Hippocampal and Amygdalar Modulation

All surgical procedures were performed under urethane (1.5 g/kg; Sigma-Aldrich/Merck, Barcelona, Spain) anesthesia. To record the local field potentials, custom-made Teflon-coated stainless steel recording electrodes (AM Systems, Sequim, WA, USA) were implanted, according to the stereotactic coordinates from Bregma (Paxinos and Watson, 2007 ), in the dorsal hippocampus (HPCd) (AP −3.4 mm; L 2.5 mm; DV 2.4 mm), intermediate hippocampus (HPCi) (AP −5.8 mm; L 5.8 mm; DV 5 mm), ventral hippocampus (HPCv) (AP −4.7 mm; L 5 mm; DV 8.7 mm), and basolateral amygdala (BLA) (AP −2.3 mm; L 5 mm; DV 8.5 mm). For DBS, we used in-house custom-made bipolar twisted electrodes made of Teflon-coated stainless-steel wire, with 1 mm between both tips. Stimulating electrodes were bilaterally implanted into the infralimbic (IL) region of the medial prefrontal cortex (coordinates: AP +3.2 mm; L 0.5 mm; DV 5.4 mm).
The surgical procedures used in the study of the electrophysiological activity are the same as for the analysis of c-Fos expression. However, in the case of the immunoreactivity study, only the DBS stimulation electrode in IL was implanted to preserve an optimal state in the other regions of interest. Figure 1 illustrates the experimental setup and the stimulation sites.

Vila-Merkle H., González-Martínez A., Campos-Jiménez R., Martínez-Ricós J., Teruel-Martí V., Lloret A., Blasco-Serra A, & Cervera-Ferri A. (2023). Sex differences in amygdalohippocampal oscillations and neuronal activation in a rodent anxiety model and in response to infralimbic deep brain stimulation. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 17, 1122163.

Publication 2023

Anesthesia Electrophysiologic Study, Cardiac Nuclear Groups, Basolateral Operative Surgical Procedures Prefrontal Cortex Seahorses Stainless Steel Teflon Urethane

Optogenetic Modulation of Amygdala-Nucleus Accumbens

CRH-ires-Cre mice were injected with AAV1-Ef1a-DIO-hChR2-EYFP in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) were deeply anesthetized with isoflurane and quickly decapitated (PN 120). Acute horizontal slices (300 μm) containing both basolateral amygdala and nucleus accumbens were obtained using a vibratome (V1200S, Leica, U) in ice-cold N-Methyl d-Glucamine (NMDG) cutting solution: containing (in mM): 110 NMDG, 20 HEPES, 25 glucose, 30 NaHCO₃ 1.2 NaH₂PO₄, 2.5 KCl, 5 sodium ascorbate, 3 sodium pyruvate, 2 Thiourea, 10 MgSO₄−7 H₂O, 0.5 CaCl₂, 305-310 mOsm, pH 7.4. Slices equilibrated in a homemade chamber for 25–30 min (31 °C) and an additional 45 min in room temperature aCSF containing (in mM): 119 NaCl, 26 NaHCO₃, 1 NaH₂PO₄, 2.5 KCl, 11 Glucose, 10 Sucrose, 2.5 MgSO₄–7 H₂O, and 2.5 CaCl₂ (pH 7.4) before being transferred to a recording chamber. Recording solution was the same as equilibration solution only with 1.3 mM MgSO₄−7 H₂O. All solutions were continuously bubbled with 95% O2/5%CO2.

Birnie M.T., Short A.K., de Carvalho G.B., Taniguchi L., Gunn B.G., Pham A.L., Itoga C.A., Xu X., Chen L.Y., Mahler S.V., Chen Y, & Baram T.Z. (2023). Stress-induced plasticity of a CRH/GABA projection disrupts reward behaviors in mice. Nature Communications, 14, 1088.

Publication 2023

Bicarbonate, Sodium Cold Temperature Glucose HEPES Internal Ribosome Entry Sites Isoflurane Mice, Laboratory Nuclear Groups, Basolateral Nucleus Accumbens Pyruvate Sodium Sodium Ascorbate Sodium Chloride Sucrose Sulfate, Magnesium Thiourea

Temporal Dynamics of Olfactory, Emotional, and Cognitive Aging

Experiment 1. Fox odor avoidance in separate age-groups using males (2- (n = 14–10/group), 4- (n = 18–17/group), 6- (n = 11/group), 8- (n = 8/group), 12- (n = 4–6/group), 15- (n = 10/group), 18-month-old (n = 9–10/group)) and females (2- (n = 5–10/group) and 15-month-old (n = 5–7/group)). To have a comprehensive picture, we aimed to examine the temporal resolution in 2-month “bins”, however, after 12-month, due to insufficient number of animals, we switched to 3-month “bins”. Our main goal was to reveal temporal differences. Therefore, sex differences were addressed only at two ages (2 and 15 months, i.e., before and after the presumable transient period).
Experiment 2. Longitudinal, repeated (between 2 and 11 months of age) exploration of open-field behavior in male and female mice (n = 8/group at the beginning). As spending 5 min in an open arena does not have long term behavioral consequences, the same animals were examined repeatedly. The animals were tested monthly in slightly different environment to avoid habituation to the arena. As hypolocomotion was found repeatedly during 5 min testing, the question arose whether it is an initial anxiety in a new environment (which will be released after a while) or more a sign of innate anxiety from open, bright spaces, which does not diminish over time. To test this hypothesis, at the termination of our experiment (in 11-month-old mice), we conducted a more prolonged observation (30 min).
Experiment 3. Immunohistochemical confirmation of Aβ accumulation and pTau appearance in 2- and 12-month-old animals (i.e., before and after the presumable transient period [9 (link)]; female, n = 3; 3xTg-AD) in the OB, motor and somatosensory cortex, hippocampus, and basolateral amygdala regions as relevant regions for cognitive impairment (cortex, hippocampus), emotions (amygdala), or smell loss (OB).

Szabó A., Farkas S., Fazekas C., Correia P., Chaves T., Sipos E., Makkai B., Török B, & Zelena D. (2023). Temporal Appearance of Enhanced Innate Anxiety in Alzheimer Model Mice. Biomedicines, 11(2), 262.

Publication 2023

Age Groups Amygdaloid Body Animals Anxiety Cortex, Cerebral Disorders, Cognitive Emotions Females Males Mice, House Nuclear Groups, Basolateral Odors Seahorses Somatosensory Cortex SWI3 protein, S cerevisiae Transients

Electrophysiological Field Potential Recordings

Field potential recordings were performed as previously described (Adermark et al., 2011 (link)). Briefly, local field population spikes (PSs) were activated with a frequency of 0.05 Hz in subregions of the: ventral striatum nucleus accumbens core (NAcC) and shell (NAcSh); dorsal striatum [dorsomedial striatum (DMS); dorsolateral striatum (DLS)]; amygdala [central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) and basolateral amygdala; Beridze et al., 2020 (link); Figs. 2A,F, 3A, 4A,F; Extended Data Figs. 2-1, 3-1, 4-1]. Only rats that obtained ≥15 infusions in the last 10 self-administration sessions were considered in the electrophysiological recordings. Recordings in different brain areas were conducted in separate brain slices retrieved from the same rat, thereby minimizing the risk of individual variation between brain regions and treatments. Stimulation electrodes (World Precision Instruments; type TM33B) were positioned locally, 0.2–0.3 mm from the recording electrode (borosilicate glass, 2.5–4.5 MΩ, World Precision Instruments; Extended Data Figs. 2-1, 3-1, 4-1), and the amplitude of the population spike (PS) were measured. Signals were amplified with a custom-made amplifier, filtered at 3 kHz, and digitized at 8 kHz.
During field potential recordings, slices were perfused with prewarmed aCSF (30°C) containing the GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline to isolate excitatory transmission to monitor putative effects by treatment on neurotransmission, stimulus/response curves were created by stepwise increasing the stimulation strength, and by monitoring the paired pulse ratio (PPR). For PPR, responses were evoked with a paired pulse stimulation (50-ms interpulse interval) at approximately half max stimulation strength, and PPR was calculated by dividing the second pulse (PS2) with the first pulse (PS1).

Domi A., Domi E., Lagstrom O., Gobbo F., Jerlhag E, & Adermark L. (2023). Abstinence-Induced Nicotine Seeking Relays on a Persistent Hypoglutamatergic State within the Amygdalo-Striatal Neurocircuitry. eNeuro, 10(2), ENEURO.0468-22.2023.

Publication 2023

Bicuculline Brain Diencephalon Figs GABA-A Receptor Antagonists Neostriatum Nuclear Groups, Basolateral Nucleus, Central Amygdaloid Nucleus Accumbens Pulse Rate Self Administration Synaptic Transmission Transmission, Communicable Disease Ventral Striatum

Mapping snRNA-seq to Allen Brain Atlas

We mapped the mouse snRNA-seq gene expression profile to the mouse ISH atlas of the Allen Institute for Brain Science (http://mouse.brain-map.org) at the cluster level^{85 (link)}. The ISH data of each slice were summarized into voxel dataset, providing the gene expression profile of each voxel (Gene expression value X voxel). The brain structures file of each slice showed the anatomical annotation of each voxel (voxel X structures). First, we generated whole brain plots with only amygdala subnuclei annotation in each slice using brain structures file to select the proper coronal slice as reference image. We chose slice 37 to plot reference image, where we divided the amygdala into five subnuclei: BLA (Basolateral amygdalar complex), IA (Intercalated amygdalar nucleus), CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus), MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus), and COA (Cortical amygdalar area). Then, we downloaded the ISH data of slice 37 to map gene expression on the reference image. We calculated the average expression value of the top 5 DEGs in each cluster and then, projected it on the reference image to infer the subnuclei distribution of clusters. (Only DEGs that appeared in the ISH coronal gene expression profile were retained).

Yu B., Zhang Q., Lin L., Zhou X., Ma W., Wen S., Li C., Wang W., Wu Q., Wang X, & Li X.M. (2023). Molecular and cellular evolution of the amygdala across species analyzed by single-nucleus transcriptome profiling. Cell Discovery, 9, 19.

Publication 2023

Amygdaloid Body Brain Brain Mapping Cell Nucleus Cortical Amygdala Gene Expression Mice, Laboratory Nuclear Groups, Basolateral Nucleus, Central Amygdaloid Nucleus, Medial Amygdalar Small Nuclear RNA

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What are Nuclear Groups and Basolateral, and why are they important for research?

Nuclear Groups and Basolateral are important areas of research in biology and medicine. Nuclear Groups refer to the structures within the cell nucleus that play a crucial role in gene expression and regulation. Basolateral refers to the area of a cell that is oriented towards the basement membrane and is important for transport and signaling processes. Understanding these cellular structures and their functions is essential for advancing our knowledge in fields like cell biology, genetics, and drug development.

What are some common challenges researchers face when working with Nuclear Groups and Basolateral?

Researchers often struggle to find the most effective and reproducible protocols for studying Nuclear Groups and Basolateral. Variations in experimental conditions, reagents, and techniques can lead to inconsistent results, making it difficult to compare findings across studies. Additionally, the complexity of these cellular structures can make it challenging to isolate and analyze them effectively.

How can PubCompare.ai help researchers with their Nuclear Groups and Basolateral research?

PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform can assist researchers in several ways: 1. It allows you to efficiently screen protocol literature from publications, pre-prints, and patents to find the most relevant and effective protocols for your Nuclear Groups and Basolateral research needs. 2. The platform's AI-powered analysis can help you identify critical insights, such as key differences in protocol effectiveness, enabling you to choose the best option for reproducibility and accuracy. 3. By leveraging PubCompare.ai, you can improve the quality and efficiency of your Nuclear Groups and Basolateral research, leading to more reliable and impactful findings.

What are some different variations or types of Nuclear Groups and Basolateral that researchers should be aware of?

Nuclear Groups consist of various substructures, such as the nucleolus, nuclear lamina, and nuclear speckles, each with distinct functions. Similarly, Basolateral refers to the basal and lateral domains of the cell membrane, which have different protein and lipid compositions and are involved in different transport and signaling processes. Researchers should be mindful of these variations when designing experiments and interpreting results to ensure they are targeting the right cellular structures for their specific research goals.

Can you provide some examples of specific applications where understanding Nuclear Groups and Basolateral is crucial?

Understanding Nuclear Groups and Basolateral is essential in a wide range of research applications, including: 1. Gene expression and regulation studies - Nuclear Groups play a key role in controlling gene activity and expression patterns. 2. Cell signaling and transport mechanisms - The basolateral domain is involved in various transport and signaling processes, which are important for cellular homeostasis and function. 3. Drug development - Targeting specific Nuclear Groups or Basolateral structures can be a valuable approach for developing new therapeutic interventions, such as in cancer or neurodegenerative diseases.

More about "Nuclear Groups, Basolateral"

Nuclear Groups and Basolateral are important research areas in neuroscience and cell biology.
Nuclear Groups refer to the collection of neuronal cell bodies located in the central nervous system, such as the thalamic nuclei, brainstem nuclei, and basal ganglia.
These groups play crucial roles in various brain functions, including sensory processing, motor control, and cognitive processes.
Basolateral refers to the basal and lateral surfaces of epithelial cells, which are important for cell-cell interactions, signaling, and transport processes.
Researchers studying Nuclear Groups and Basolateral can utilize the PubCompare.ai platform to discover and compare protocols from the literature, preprints, and patents.
This can help improve the reproducibility of experiments and find optimized protocols and products for their research needs.
Related concepts and techniques that may be relevant include the Rat brain matrix (a tool for precise brain region dissection), Automated pump (for controlled infusion of substances), Stereo Investigator software (for quantitative analysis of brain structures), DM5000 (a fluorescence microscope), AAV1-CaMKIIα-hChR2(H134R)-eYFP-WPRE (a viral vector for optogenetic manipulation), CM1950 (a microinjection system), Hamilton syringe (for precise liquid handling), and the Carl Zeiss Imager Z.1 (a high-resolution microscope).
By leveraging the insights and tools available, researchers can enhance their understanding and exploration of Nuclear Groups and Basolateral, leading to more robust and impactful findings in their field of study.
One tyop in this description is included for authenticity.