Lungs removed from the chest cavity were fixed by injection of 4% buffered paraformaldehyde into the tracheal cannula at a pressure of 20 cm H2O and immersed in paraformaldehyde for 24 h. Lobes were sectioned sagitally, embedded in paraffin, cut into 5 μm sections, and stained with H&E for histological analysis. Additional sections were stained with alcian blue/PAS to identify mucus-containing cells. The severity of peribronchial inflammation was graded semiquantitatively for the following features: 0, normal; 1, few cells; 2, a ring of inflammatory cells 1 cell layer deep; 3, a ring of inflammatory cells 2–4 cells deep; 4, a ring of inflammatory cells of >4 cells deep. The numerical scores for the abundance of PAS-positive mucus-containing cell in each airway were determined as follows: 0, <0.5% PAS-positive cells; 1, 5–25%; 2, 25–50%; 3, 50–75%; 4, >75% (28 (link)).
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Thoracic Cavity
Thoracic Cavity
The thoracic cavity is the upper portion of the body's trunk, bounded by the diaphragm below and the thoracic inlet above.
It contains the heart, lungs, and associated structures.
Optimze your thoracic cavity research with PubCompare.ai, the leading AI-driven platform for reproducible and accurate protocols.
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It contains the heart, lungs, and associated structures.
Optimze your thoracic cavity research with PubCompare.ai, the leading AI-driven platform for reproducible and accurate protocols.
Effortlessly locate protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, and leverage AI-driven comparisons to identify the best protocols and products for your research.
Streamline your workflow and achieve more accurate results with PubCompare.ai's powerful tools.
Most cited protocols related to «Thoracic Cavity»
Alcian Blue
Cannula
Cells
Goblet Cells
Inflammation
Lung
Paraffin Embedding
paraform
Pressure
Thoracic Cavity
Trachea
Mice were treated with 50ul of 1000U/ml s.c. heparin, and then euthanized with Isoflurane. The chest cavity was opened, the left atrium nicked, and the lungs perfused with 10ml of PBS through the right atrium. The trachea was then exposed, a small incision was made at its top, and an 18 gauge angiocath was inserted and secured. Lung was inflated with digestion solution containing 1.5mg/ml of Collagenase A (Roche) and 0.4mg/ml DNaseI (Roche) in HBSS plus 5% fetal bovine serum and 10mM HEPES. Trachea was tied off with 2.0 sutures. The heart and mediastinal tissues were carefully removed and the lung parenchyma placed in 5ml of digestion solution and incubated at 37°C for 30 minutes with gently vortexing every 8–10 minutes. Upon completion of digestion, 25ml of PBS was added; and the samples were vortexed at maximal speed for 30 seconds. The resulting cell suspensions were strained through a 70um cell strainer and treated with ACK RBC lysis solution.
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Atrium, Left
Atrium, Right
Cells
Collagenase
Digestion
Fetal Bovine Serum
Heart
Hemoglobin, Sickle
Heparin
HEPES
Isoflurane
Lung
Mediastinum
Mus
Neoplasm Metastasis
Sutures
Thoracic Cavity
Tissues
Trachea
Male Wistar rats (n = 55, 260 ± 7 g) were obtained from a commercial breeder (Harlan, UK). All procedures were in accordance with Home Office (UK) guidelines under The Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act, 1986 and with institutional guidelines. Control rats were fed for three weeks on a standard chow diet (Harlan Laboratories), with an Atwater Fuel Energy of 3.0 kcal/g, comprising 66% calories from carbohydrate, 22% from protein and 12% from fat (Additional file 1 : Table S1). To induce diabetes, rats were fed a high-fat diet (Special Diet Services) for three weeks, with an Atwater Fuel Energy of 5.3 kcal/g, comprising 60% calories from fat, 35% from protein and 5% from carbohydrate, according to a modification of the protocols of Reed et al. and Srinivasan et al.[18 (link),19 (link)]. On day 13, rats were fasted overnight and given a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ in citrate buffer, pH 4) the following morning, and the high-fat diet feeding was continued for a further week (or chow diet for controls). Different doses of STZ (0, 15, 20, 25 and 30 mg/kg bodyweight w/w) in combination with high-fat diet, were investigated to determine the optimal dose to induce a type 2 diabetic phenotype with modified cardiac metabolism. We started our study with a dose of 30 mg/kg, to closely replicate that used by others [19 (link)], then included additional groups on lower doses of STZ until hyperglycaemia was no longer induced, mortality was not observed with any dose of STZ. After three weeks on their designated diet, rats in the fed state were terminally anaesthetised with sodium pentobarbital, hearts and livers were rapidly excised, freeze clamped and stored at −80°C for subsequent analysis. Following excision of the heart, blood was collected from the chest cavity, plasma separated and analysed for metabolites using a Pentra analyser (ABX, UK) and an insulin ELISA (Mercodia, Sweden). Both left and right epididymal fat pads were excised, trimmed and weighed, for assessment of adiposity.
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Animals
BLOOD
Body Weight
Buffers
Carbohydrates
Citrates
Diabetes Mellitus
Diet, High-Fat
Dietary Services
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Epididymis
Freezing
Heart
Hyperglycemia
Injections, Intraperitoneal
Insulin
Liver
Males
Metabolism
Obesity
Pad, Fat
Pentobarbital Sodium
Phenotype
Plasma
Proteins
Rats, Wistar
Rattus norvegicus
Therapy, Diet
Thoracic Cavity
Lung
Thoracic Cavity
Urination
Healthy Volunteers
Lung
Microtubule-Associated Proteins
Population Health
Thoracic Cavity
Voluntary Workers
Youth
Most recents protocols related to «Thoracic Cavity»
Mice were divided into three groups: control (n = 30), model (n = 30), and Nec-1 (n = 30). When all mice were up to at least 8 weeks of age, the modelling was initiated. Mice in the control group were daily administered 0.1 mL PBS (Thermo Fisher, USA, Cat No. 10010023) intraperitoneally. Mice in the model group were administered 0.8 mL pristane (Sigma-Aldrich, USA, Cat No. P2870) intraperitoneally only on the first day and subsequently administered 0.1 mL PBS intraperitoneally every day until their sacrifice [10 (link), 16 (link)]. Mice in the Nec-1 group received an intraperitoneal injection of 0.8 mL pristane only on the first day. Then, 0.1 mL Nec-1 (ENZO, USA, Cat No. BML-AP309) at a dose of 6 mg/kg was administered daily until their sacrifice [15 (link)]. Nec-1 was diluted with PBS before administration. Every mouse's intraperitoneal injection of PBS and Nec-1 was completed within 1 min.
The body weights of mice were recorded every other day until the day before their sacrifice. All mice were anaesthetized, and their orbital blood was obtained and centrifuged at 4°C, 2000 rpm for 10 min to obtain the supernatant, which was stored at -80°C. Next, the thoracic cavities of the mice were surgically opened, and the lungs were carefully extracted and rinsed in precooled PBS. Mice lungs, which did not undergo operations, were lavaged thrice with precooled PBS (0.2 mL). The bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was centrifuged at 4°C at 2000 rpm for 5 min, and the supernatants were stored at -80°C. It should be noted that the internal structure of the lungs was destroyed after obtaining the BAL and hence could not be used for further experiments. The lung samples used for making sections were soaked in 4% paraformaldehyde or O.C.T. compound (Sakura, USA, Cat No.4583). Lungs soaked in O.C.T. compound were frozen at -20°C. The remaining lung samples were used to determine the wet/dry weight ratio.
The body weights of mice were recorded every other day until the day before their sacrifice. All mice were anaesthetized, and their orbital blood was obtained and centrifuged at 4°C, 2000 rpm for 10 min to obtain the supernatant, which was stored at -80°C. Next, the thoracic cavities of the mice were surgically opened, and the lungs were carefully extracted and rinsed in precooled PBS. Mice lungs, which did not undergo operations, were lavaged thrice with precooled PBS (0.2 mL). The bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was centrifuged at 4°C at 2000 rpm for 5 min, and the supernatants were stored at -80°C. It should be noted that the internal structure of the lungs was destroyed after obtaining the BAL and hence could not be used for further experiments. The lung samples used for making sections were soaked in 4% paraformaldehyde or O.C.T. compound (Sakura, USA, Cat No.4583). Lungs soaked in O.C.T. compound were frozen at -20°C. The remaining lung samples were used to determine the wet/dry weight ratio.
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BLOOD
Bronchoalveolar Lavage
Freezing
Injections, Intraperitoneal
Lung
Mus
Operative Surgical Procedures
paraform
PCSK1 protein, human
pristane
Thoracic Cavity
The femoral blood vessels were measured by μCT as previously reported (36 (link)). Briefly, mice were euthanized, the thoracic cavity was opened, a cut was made on the auricula dextra, and a needle was inserted into the left ventricle. Then, the entire vasculature was perfused with 9 ml of warm heparinized saline (100 U/ml in 0.9% saline), 9 ml of 4% paraformaldehyde, another 9 ml of warm heparinized saline, and then 5 ml of Microfil MV-122 (Flow Tech). Next, the femurs were removed and fixed for the detection of μCT.
Blood Vessel
Ear Auricle
Femur
Left Ventricles
Mice, House
Microfil
Needles
paraform
Saline Solution
Thoracic Cavity
Indication for SSRF were major rib fracture displacement (at least one bicortical displaced rib) with chest wall deformation and/or ongoing pain and/or mobile flail chest and/or hemothorax >200 mL/hour and/or suspicion of diaphragmatic laceration. Patient surgery positioning was adapted to injury localization as well as extra thoracic injuries such as spine trauma and pelvic or limb fractures. The posterolateral approach was preferably used for rib fractures of the lateral and posterior chest wall, whereas the anterior approach was used for anterior chest wall disruption or for patients with spine injuries or other injuries requiring strict supine positioning. SSRF was preferentially performed on fractures of the 3rd to the 9th ribs using the MatrixRibTM system (DePuy Synthes, Johnson & Johnson, USA) with plates and intra-medullary splints. The procedure did not evolve over this 10-years period and was standardized as follows: patients were under general anesthesia with double lumen endotracheal tube. Skin incisions were centered on the lesions; muscles were incised in the fiber axes or were mobilized without division whenever feasible. After exposure of rib fractures without opening the chest wall, an intercostal trocar was inserted to perform a video thoracoscopic exploration to manage clot removal and to identify any diaphragmatic laceration or rupture. Diaphragmatic repair was performed by a video thoracoscopic approach if possible or after a thoracotomy conversion using non-resorbable stitches with Teflon patches. Universal plates were preferably used to fix flail chest or multiple rib fractures with 3 screws on each side as recommended. The intramedullary splints were preferably used in patient requiring surgery in the supine position to fix lateral and posterior fractures by an anterior approach (trap door incisions). At the end of the procedure, the chest wall cavity was washed with 2–3 liters of 37 ℃ isotonic saline solution; a 24 Fr chest drain was inserted and placed at −20 mmHg suction. All patients were finally referred to an ICU for post-operative monitoring.
We defined time from hospital admission to surgery in three groups using cutoffs already chosen in the literature (20 (link),21 (link)): early surgery (within 48 h after admission), mid (from 48 hours to 7 days) and late surgery (after 7 days). Complete patient main characteristic data and circumstances of injuries were collected using emergency unit reports. Numerous data were prospectively recorded such as chest wall fracture characterization with 3D CT scan reconstruction, length of mechanical ventilation, length of ICU and hospital stay; Home discharge or rehabilitation centers, pulmonary morbidity and overall mortality. The Chest Trauma Score (CTS) (22 (link)), the Injury Severity Score (ISS) and the new Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS II) (23 ) were calculated to gather physiologic and clinical data.
We defined time from hospital admission to surgery in three groups using cutoffs already chosen in the literature (20 (link),21 (link)): early surgery (within 48 h after admission), mid (from 48 hours to 7 days) and late surgery (after 7 days). Complete patient main characteristic data and circumstances of injuries were collected using emergency unit reports. Numerous data were prospectively recorded such as chest wall fracture characterization with 3D CT scan reconstruction, length of mechanical ventilation, length of ICU and hospital stay; Home discharge or rehabilitation centers, pulmonary morbidity and overall mortality. The Chest Trauma Score (CTS) (22 (link)), the Injury Severity Score (ISS) and the new Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS II) (23 ) were calculated to gather physiologic and clinical data.
Chest Tubes
Clotrimazole
Epistropheus
Fibrosis
Flail Chest
Fracture, Bone
General Anesthesia
Hemothorax
Injuries
Laceration
Lung
Mechanical Ventilation
Medulla Oblongata
Muscle Tissue
Normal Saline
Operative Surgical Procedures
Pain
Patient Discharge
Patients
Pelvis
physiology
Reconstructive Surgical Procedures
Rib Fractures
Skin
Spinal Injuries
Splints
Suction Drainage
Teflon
Thoracic Cavity
Thoracic Injuries
Thoracoscopes
Thoracotomy
Trocar
Wall, Chest
X-Ray Computed Tomography
Mice were anesthetized with isoflurane and killed by cervical dislocation. The thoracic cavity was opened, and blood was aspirated from the right ventricle with a syringe and transferred to EDTA tubes. Blood was mixed 1:1 with sterile PBS (1X, containing 2 mM EDTA) and layered onto Ficoll-Paque Plus (1.5-fold volume of blood, density = 1.077 g/mL). Density gradient centrifugation was performed for 40 min in a swing out centrifuge at 400 G with breaks turned off. Buffy coat layer containing PBMC was transferred, washed with PBS (1X, 2% FCS, 2 mM EDTA) and spun down for 10 min at 300 G. For platelet depletion, PBMCs were washed with PBS and spun down for 15 min at 200 G. Platelet contamination was evaluated by microscopy and cell-platelet ratios higher than 10 cells per platelet were considered as satisfactory. Cell pellets were resuspended in cell culture medium. Cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 (+10%FCS; +1% Penicillin/Streptomycin; 2 mM L-Glutamine) and further incubation was carried out in an CO2 incubator at 37°C with 5% CO2 gas supplement and >90% humidity.
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BLOOD
Blood Platelets
Blood Volume
Cell Culture Techniques
Cells
Centrifugation, Density Gradient
Culture Media
Dietary Supplements
Edetic Acid
Ficoll
Glutamine
Humidity
Isoflurane
Joint Dislocations
Microscopy
Mus
Neck
Pellets, Drug
Penicillins
Sterility, Reproductive
Streptomycin
Syringes
Thoracic Cavity
Ventricles, Right
Mice were anesthetized with isoflurane and killed by cervical dislocation. Subsequently, the thoracic cavity was opened and the right ventricle was punctured with a syringe, which was prefilled with 200 μL of sterile sodium citrate buffer. Blood was carefully aspirated and transferred into 2 mL tubes, prefilled with 250 μL acid-citrate-dextrose (ACD) buffer and 250 μL modified tyrode’s buffer (MTB). Samples were spun down in a swing-out centrifuge for 6 min at 200 G at room temperature (RT) with breaks turned off. The upper platelet rich plasma (PRP) was transferred while the remaining sample was washed again with 500 μL MTB, repeating the procedure. Collected PRP was spun down for 6 min at 600 G, supernatant discarded and platelets resuspended in media. Platelets were manually counted at least twice to adjust concentration between conditions (WT vs Cxcl4−/−) under a microscope using a Neubauer chamber and Trypan-Blue staining. Further incubation was carried out in DMEM (+10% FCS, +1% Penicillin/Streptomycin) in an CO2 incubator at 37°C with 5% CO2 gas supplement and >90% humidity.
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acid citrate dextrose
BLOOD
Blood Platelets
Buffers
Dietary Supplements
Humidity
Isoflurane
Joint Dislocations
Mice, House
Microscopy
Neck
Penicillins
Platelet-Rich Plasma
Sodium Citrate
Sterility, Reproductive
Streptomycin
Syringes
Thoracic Cavity
Trypan Blue
Ventricles, Right
Top products related to «Thoracic Cavity»
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Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is a cell culture supplement derived from the blood of bovine fetuses. FBS provides a source of proteins, growth factors, and other components that support the growth and maintenance of various cell types in in vitro cell culture applications.
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TRIzol is a monophasic solution of phenol and guanidine isothiocyanate that is used for the isolation of total RNA from various biological samples. It is a reagent designed to facilitate the disruption of cells and the subsequent isolation of RNA.
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RNAlater solution is a nucleic acid stabilization reagent that immediately stabilizes and protects RNA in fresh tissue samples. It preserves the RNA in tissues and cells, preventing degradation and allowing for reliable downstream analysis.
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The Angiocath is a sterile, single-use, intravenous catheter designed for peripheral venous access. It is composed of a short, flexible plastic tube with a sharp, beveled needle that is used to insert the catheter into a vein. The Angiocath is intended to provide a secure pathway for the administration of fluids, medications, or blood sampling.
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The C57BL/6 mouse is a widely used inbred mouse strain. It is a common laboratory mouse model utilized for a variety of research applications.
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Pentobarbital is a barbiturate compound used as a sedative and hypnotic agent in laboratory research and clinical settings. It acts as a central nervous system depressant. Pentobarbital is commonly used in medical and scientific applications, such as anesthesia, seizure control, and as a euthanasia agent for animals.
More about "Thoracic Cavity"
The thoracic cavity, also known as the chest cavity, is the upper portion of the body's trunk, bounded by the diaphragm below and the thoracic inlet above.
This vital region contains the heart, lungs, and associated structures, making it a crucial area for various medical and scientific investigations.
Optimizing research in the thoracic cavity can be achieved through the use of PubCompare.ai, a leading AI-driven platform that specializes in providing reproducible and accurate protocols.
PubCompare.ai allows researchers to effortlessly locate protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, and leverage AI-driven comparisons to identify the best protocols and products for their specific research needs.
This streamlined workflow can help researchers achieve more accurate results, enhancing the overall quality and efficiency of their investigations.
When studying the thoracic cavity, researchers may utilize various techniques and materials, such as Microfil MV-122 for vascular casting, Pentobarbital sodium for anesthesia, FBS (Fetal Bovine Serum) for cell culture, TRIzol for RNA extraction, RNAlater solution for RNA stabilization, Vevo 2100 for high-resolution imaging, Angiocath for vascular access, and C57BL/6 mice as a common animal model.
By incorporating these tools and resources, researchers can maximize the insights gained from their thoracic cavity studies, leading to a deeper understanding of this complex and vital anatomical region.
This vital region contains the heart, lungs, and associated structures, making it a crucial area for various medical and scientific investigations.
Optimizing research in the thoracic cavity can be achieved through the use of PubCompare.ai, a leading AI-driven platform that specializes in providing reproducible and accurate protocols.
PubCompare.ai allows researchers to effortlessly locate protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, and leverage AI-driven comparisons to identify the best protocols and products for their specific research needs.
This streamlined workflow can help researchers achieve more accurate results, enhancing the overall quality and efficiency of their investigations.
When studying the thoracic cavity, researchers may utilize various techniques and materials, such as Microfil MV-122 for vascular casting, Pentobarbital sodium for anesthesia, FBS (Fetal Bovine Serum) for cell culture, TRIzol for RNA extraction, RNAlater solution for RNA stabilization, Vevo 2100 for high-resolution imaging, Angiocath for vascular access, and C57BL/6 mice as a common animal model.
By incorporating these tools and resources, researchers can maximize the insights gained from their thoracic cavity studies, leading to a deeper understanding of this complex and vital anatomical region.