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Anidulafungin

Anidulafungin is a semi-synthetic lipopeptide antifungal agent used to treat invasive candidiasis and other fungal infections.
It acts by inhibiting the synthesis of 1,3-β-D-glucan, an essential component of the fungal cell wall, leading to osmotic instability and cell lysis.
Anidulafungin demonstrates potent and broad-spectrum antifungal activity against Candida spp., including azole-resistant strains.
It is administered intravenously and has a favorable safety profile with low potential for drug interactions.
Anidulafungin is an important option for the mangement of serious fungal infections, particuraly in immunocompromised patients.

Most cited protocols related to «Anidulafungin»

To monitor growth under cell wall stress, serial dilutions of conidia were spotted onto agar plates that were supplemented with varying concentrations of caffeine (CAFF), calcofluor white (CFW), congo red (CR), anidulafungin, (AF), caspofungin (CASP), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), fluconazole (FLUC), and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and grown for 48 hr. Alternatively, to assess their sensitivity to nikkomycin Z, 1 × 105 conidia of each strain were grown on 1 ml of solid media in 24-well plates. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the presence of DTT (dithiothreitol) was likewise tested in liquid YG culture, and brefeldin A (BFA) and tunicamycin (TM) were tested in solid media, as previously described for A. fumigatus (Richie et al. 2009 (link)). The plates were incubated for 2–3 d at 37°, and the extent of vegetative growth was used as a relative indicator of sensitivity. For the experiments on solid MM supplemented with 1.2% sorbitol, serial dilutions of conidia ranging from 1 × 106 to 1 × 103 were spotted onto agar plates. To evaluate the oxidative stress tolerance, 1 × 105 conidia were inoculated into 24-well plates containing 1 ml of liquid MM and varying concentrations of menadione, paraquat, or T-butyl hydroperoxide. Sensitivity to the oxidative damage generated by H2O2 was tested by inhibition zone assay on MM agar plates, as described by (Valiante et al. 2008) (link). Antifungal susceptibility by E-test diffusion assay was performed essentially as described by Richie et al. (2009) (link).
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Publication 2016
Agar Anidulafungin Antifungal Agents Biological Assay Brefeldin A Caffeine calcofluor white Caspofungin Cell Wall Conidia Diffusion Dithiothreitol Edetic Acid Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Fluconazole Hypersensitivity Immune Tolerance nikkomycin Oxidative Damage Oxidative Stress Paraquat Peroxide, Hydrogen Psychological Inhibition Sorbitol Strains Sulfate, Sodium Dodecyl Susceptibility, Disease Technique, Dilution tert-Butylhydroperoxide Tunicamycin Vitamin K3
Commercially prepared strips are available from bioMérieux (Etest(r)) and Liofilchem
Diagnostici (MIC Test Strip(r)). The method consists of a predefined gradient of
antifungal drug concentrations on a plastic strip that is used to determine the MIC.
When the strip is applied on an inoculated agar surface, the antifungal agent is
immediately transferred to the agar matrix and after an incubation time, an
inhibition ellipse centered along the strip is formed. The recommended agar is RPMI
1640 supplemented with 2% glucose, prepared with MOPS in a 1.5% agar base. The
Etest(r) provides strips with fluconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin B, flucytosine,
voriconazole, posaconazole, and caspofungin. The MIC Test Strips(r) contains the same
antifungal drugs plus anidulafungin, micafungin and ketoconazole. The incubation time
range from 24-48 h for Candida species, from 48-72 h for C.
neoformans
, and for filamentous fungi it lasts 16 h or longer depending
on the fungus' genus. The MIC is read directly from the scale at the point where the
edge of the ellipse intersects the strip. However, it is important to consider that,
as for any test evaluating the antimicrobial susceptibility, the medium formulation
and, in this case, the depth of the agar can strongly influence MIC results.
Therefore, the manufacturer's recommendations should be strictly followed to obtain
MICs using strips16
,17
,21 .
Results obtained by the E-test method shows a > 71% correlation with those
obtained by the AFST-EUCAST method. In both methods, the CLSI and EUCAST AFST, the
agar-based E-test has been proposed as a more sensitive technology to discriminate
strains of Candida species with fks mutations from
wild-type (WT) strains by virtue of much higher MIC results observed in mutant
strain. Considering Cryptococcus, the overall agreement level using
the E-test MICs and the EUCAST AFST-MICs seems to be higher for voriconazole,
fluconazole, itraconazole and flucytosine, than for amphotericin B, which has the
lowest level of agreement. Regarding filamentous fungi, the agreement is higher for
itraconazole than for amphotericin B, and the E-test method showed a good correlation
with the CLSI M38-AFST one to detect Aspergillus resistance.
Systematic comparisons between MIC results from reference laboratories and routine
results obtained using commercially available methods could be more representative
than the current practice to perform quality control with a specific set of reagents
using a limited number of isolates14 (link).
Publication 2015
Agar Amphotericin B Anidulafungin Antifungal Agents Aspergillus Candida Caspofungin Cryptococcus Epsilometer Test Fluconazole Flucytosine Fungi Fungus, Filamentous Glucose Itraconazole Ketoconazole Micafungin Microbicides morpholinopropane sulfonic acid Mutation Pharmaceutical Preparations posaconazole Strains Susceptibility, Disease Voriconazole
The Defining Antibiotic Levels in Intensive care unit patients (DALI) study was a prospective, multicenter PK point-prevalence study. The protocol has been published in detail previously [16 (link)], and the participating investigators are listed in Additional file 1). The antifungal agents that were included in the DALI Study were fluconazole, anidulafungin, and caspofungin.
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Publication 2015
Anidulafungin Antibiotics Antifungal Agents Caspofungin Critical Care Fluconazole
To assess the ability of anidulafungin treated P. murina infected mice to transmit the infection, P. murina- naïve immunosuppressed C3H/HeN mice were co-housed (seeded) with anidulafungin- treated or control, untreated P. murina- infected C3H/HeN mice. The mice serving as the treated seed mice received anidulafungin at a dose 1 mg/kg, i.p. 3x per week. This treatment regimen results in elimination of almost all cyst forms from the lungs of the treated mice, but similar levels of trophic burdens remain in the untreated and anidulafungin treated mice (See results). Following the 3 weeks of anidulafungin treatment, the treated mice were then used as seed mice and the anidulafungin dosing was continued during the seeding period of 2 weeks.
One treated or untreated control mouse was co-housed in the same cage with 4–6 naïve immunosuppressed mice. To ensure that all recipient mice were exposed to a similar level of P. murina during the seeding, the seed mice were rotated between cages every 2–3 days to account for potential variations in P. murina infection levels between the seed mice. Following the 2 weeks of seeding, the control or treated seed mice were removed from the cages. The seed mice were sacrificed, and the lungs processed to evaluate the level of P. murina infection and for preparation of inocula as previously described [42] (link).
The recipient mice were continued on immunosuppression and sacrificed at 2, 4, and 6 wks post initial exposure. Immunosuppressed mice with no experimental exposure to P. murina were also sacrificed at each time point, as controls.
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Publication 2010
Anidulafungin Cyst Immunosuppression Infection Lung Mice, Inbred C3H Mus Treatment Protocols
Strains used in this study are listed
in Table 1. Experiments
were conducted with C. albicans standard lab strain
SC5314, unless noted otherwise. Cells were grown to log phase in liquid
casitone (casitone, yeast extract, sodium citrate dehydrate, glucose
plus 40 mg/L adenine and 80 mg/L uridine; Sigma). Cultures were shaken
at 30 °C in 5 mL of YPAD overnight. Drug-exposed cultures were
diluted 1:100 for 2–3 h in casitone followed by drug addition.
Drugs were diluted in water (posaconazole (Sigma-Aldrich SML2287,
>98%), colistin (Glentham Life Sciences GA9867, ≥19 000
U/mg), amphotericin B (TOKU-E, ≥95%), 5-fluorocytosine (Sigma-Aldrich
F7129, ≥99%); ethanol (terbinafine T8826, ≥98%), fluconazole
(Sigma-Aldrich F8929, ≥98%, ketoconazole (Sigma-Aldrich K1003,
≥99%), miconazole (Fischer Bioreagents, 98%), clotrimazole
(Glentham Life Sciences, GA8137), caspofungin diacetate (Sigma-Aldrich
SML0425, ≥19 000 IU/mg), anidulafungin (Sigma-Aldrich
SML2288, ≥97%) myriocin (Sigma-Aldrich M1175, ≥98%),
amphotericin B (A2411, ∼80%), daptomycin (Sigma-Aldrich D2446,
≥90%), RB16348 (link) (≥95%)) or
DMSO (natamycin, Sigma-Aldrich, ≥95%). Casitone solid media
(casitone liquid plus 10 g/L agar (Formedium, Ltd.)) was used for
the disk assay method. colistin (GA9867, Glentham Life Sciences, ≥19 000
U/mg) was added to agar media at a final concentration of 64 μg/mL.
Publication 2021
Adenine Agar Amphotericin B Anidulafungin Biological Assay casein hydrolysate Caspofungin Cells Chymosin C Clotrimazole Colistin Daptomycin Ethanol Fluconazole Flucytosine Ketoconazole Miconazole Natamycin Pharmaceutical Preparations posaconazole Sodium Citrate Strains Terbinafine thermozymocidin Uridine Yeast, Dried

Most recents protocols related to «Anidulafungin»

The broth microdilution protocol of the CLSI M27-A3 was followed. AFST included the following antifungal drugs, fluconazole (Pfizer), amphotericin B (Sigma-Aldrich), micafungin (Astellas Pharma), and anidulafungin (Pfizer). Plates were incubated at 37 °C for 24 h, and the MIC50 data (50% growth reduction compared to controls without drug) were determined visually. Each experiment included at least three biological replicates.
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Publication 2023
Amphotericin B Anidulafungin Antifungal Agents Biopharmaceuticals Fluconazole Micafungin Pharmaceutical Preparations
In vitro susceptibility testing was performed using broth microdilution for filamentous fungi according to EUCAST guidelines with concentrations ranging from 0.016 µg/mL to 8 µg/mL. The antifungals used were amphotericin B (AmB), voriconazole (VRC), itraconazole (ITC), posaconazole (POS), and anidulafungin (ANI), all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, reconstituted in DMSO and stored frozen at −80 °C until use. The MICs were determined in flat-bottomed 96-well plates with conidial suspensions prepared in RPMI 1640 supplemented with 2% glucose, buffered with MOPS, and adjusted to a final concentration of 5 × 105 CFU/mL, as previously described [39 ]. Inoculated plates were incubated for 72 h at 35 °C. MICs were spectroscopically determined at 405 nm using a spectrophotometer (NEPHELOstar, BMG Labtech) as the antifungal concentration that resulted in 90% (AmB) or 50% growth inhibition (VRC, ITC, POS, ISA).
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Publication 2023
Amphotericin B Anidulafungin Antifungal Agents Conidia Freezing Fungus, Filamentous Glucose Itraconazole Minimum Inhibitory Concentration morpholinopropane sulfonic acid posaconazole Psychological Inhibition Sulfoxide, Dimethyl Susceptibility, Disease Voriconazole
Antifungal susceptibility of all clinical isolates and the two control strains was determined according to the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) E.Def 7.3.2 microdilution method [18 ]. Each isolate was tested against the following eight antifungals (values represent the final concentrations after inoculation): anidulafungin (ANI; 0.008–16 mg/L), micafungin (MCA; 0.008–16 mg/L), fluconazole (FLC; 0.125–256 mg/L), posaconazole (POS; 0.016–32 mg/L), voriconazole (VOR; 0.008–16 mg/L), 5-flucytosine (5-FC; 0.032–64 mg/L), amphotericin B (AMB; 0.032–16 mg/L), ibrexafungerp (IBX; 0.016–8 mg/L) provided by Scynexis (Jersey City, NJ, USA), and manogepix (MGP; 0.002–16 mg/L) provided by Pfizer (New York City, NY, USA). There are no established species-specific clinical breakpoints for C. auris in EUCAST guidelines [19 ].
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Publication 2023
Amphotericin B Anidulafungin Antifungal Agents Ear Europeans Fluconazole ibrexafungerp Manogepix Micafungin Microbicides posaconazole Strains Susceptibility, Disease Vaccination Voriconazole
The targeted antimycotic prophylaxis included micafungin until the end of March 2019. Thereafter, anidulafungin was used based on the overarching recommendation of the local drug commission. In the case of pre-existing fungal colonization with echinocandin-resistant Candida spp. or Aspergillus spp., the prophylaxis was switched to fluconazole, voriconazole, or liposomal amphotericin B, and the patient was consequently excluded from the study.
Antimycotic prophylaxis was started as soon as the criteria for HR-LTRs were fulfilled. If TAP was started on the day of operation, it was rated as “immediate”, and “delayed” when started during the postoperative course. We used micafungin in a dosage of 100 mg/d or a loading dose of anidulafungin (200 mg), followed by 100 mg/d, both given intravenously.
In the case of a diagnosed infection, we adapted the antifungal regime as follows: fluconazole (800 mg loading dose, 1200–1600 mg with a body mass index >30 kg/m2), followed by a maintenance dose of at least 400 mg (600–800 mg with body mass index >30 kg/m2). The dosage was furtherly adjusted according to the renal function or in the case of renal replacement therapy. Voriconazole was initiated by two loading doses of 6 mg/kg every 12 h, followed by a maintenance dose according to a weekly performed therapeutic drug monitoring. Isavuconazole was started with 200 mg every 8 h for two days, followed by a daily dose of 200 mg. Liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) was dosed at 3 mg/kg per day.
The echinocandin prophylaxis was carried out over a period of minimum 7 to 14 days, and prolonged in the case of a diagnosed IFI or on clinical decision by the intensivist. Reasons for discontinuation of the prophylaxis were the completion of prophylaxis at discharge or missing clinical signs of infection, death, or switch to the therapeutic regime in the case of diagnosed infection.
Echinocandin therapy was continued in the case of invasive candidiasis and a positive response to therapy. In the case of confirmation of a fungal pathogen outside the echinocandin’s spectrum of activity or if a salvage therapy was indicated by the treating clinician, a switch to another agent was performed.
Antimycotic susceptibility was assessed according to the breakpoints determined by the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Subcommittee on Antifungal Susceptibility Testing [49 (link)]. Given the limited testing of echinocandins as first-line therapy of invasive aspergillosis, voriconazole was used as a first-line agent for aspergillosis, and isavuconazole as an alternative in the case of voriconazole-caused side effects or a suspected mucormycosis. [50 (link),51 (link)] Liposomal amphotericin B or combination therapy of different antifungal agents has been used as a last option in critically ill patients. Fluconazole was used as first-line therapy for invasive Candida parapsilosis infections [22 (link),23 (link),24 (link),33 (link),48 (link),52 (link),53 (link)].
The duration of treatment continued for at least 14 days after the time of the last negative blood culture in the case of candidemia or until all clinical signs and symptoms had resolved.
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Publication 2023
Action Spectrum Anidulafungin Antifungal Agents Aspergillosis Aspergillus Blood Culture Candida Candidemia Combined Modality Therapy Critical Illness Echinocandins Europeans Fluconazole Index, Body Mass Infection Invasive Candidiasis isavuconazole Kidney liposomal amphotericin B Long Terminal Repeat Micafungin Microbicides pathogenesis Patient Discharge Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Renal Replacement Therapy Salvage Therapy Surgery, Day Susceptibility, Disease Therapeutics Voriconazole Zygomycosis
Isolates were susceptibility tested by the broth microdilution method following the guidelines in the CLSI M38 [16 ,17 ] document. The following antifungal agents were included in this study: isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole, amphotericin B, anidulafungin, caspofungin, and micafungin. Quality control was performed and interpreted as recommended by the CLSI M38M51S (2022) document using C. krusei ATCC 6258, C. parapsilosis ATCC 22019, Aspergillus flavus ATCC 204304, A. fumigatus MYA-3626, and Hamigera insecticola ATCC MYA-3630 [18 ]. No CLSI clinical breakpoints or epidemiological cut-off values were available for these organisms.
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Publication 2023
Amphotericin B Anidulafungin Antifungal Agents Aspergillus flavus Candida parapsilosis Caspofungin Hamigera insecticola isavuconazole Itraconazole Micafungin Pichia kudriavzevii posaconazole Susceptibility, Disease Voriconazole

Top products related to «Anidulafungin»

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Anidulafungin is a synthetic echinocandin antifungal agent. It is a member of the class of antifungal drugs known as echinocandins, which inhibit the synthesis of 1,3-beta-D-glucan, an essential component of the fungal cell wall.
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Amphotericin B is a laboratory reagent used as an antifungal agent. It is a macrolide antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces nodosus. Amphotericin B is commonly used in research and biomedical applications to inhibit the growth of fungi.
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Caspofungin is an antifungal medication developed by Merck. It is a semi-synthetic lipopeptide that acts as an echinocandin, inhibiting the synthesis of 1,3-beta-D-glucan, an essential component of the fungal cell wall. Caspofungin is primarily used to treat invasive candidiasis and invasive aspergillosis.
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Fluconazole is a pharmaceutical product manufactured by Merck Group. It is an antifungal medication used to treat a variety of fungal infections. The core function of Fluconazole is to inhibit the growth and proliferation of fungal pathogens.
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Posaconazole is a laboratory product manufactured by Merck Group. It is an antifungal agent used in research and development applications.
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Micafungin is an antifungal agent that inhibits the synthesis of 1,3-β-D-glucan, an essential component of the fungal cell wall. It is used in the treatment of invasive candidiasis and aspergillosis.
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Itraconazole is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent used in the treatment of various fungal infections. It functions by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of the fungal cell membrane, thereby disrupting the integrity and function of the fungal cell.
Sourced in United States, Spain
Anidulafungin is an antifungal medication used to treat invasive candidiasis, a serious fungal infection. It works by interfering with the fungal cell wall formation, leading to cell death. Anidulafungin is administered intravenously and is indicated for the treatment of candidemia and other Candida infections in adult patients.
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Voriconazole is a medication used in the treatment of invasive fungal infections. It functions as an antifungal agent that inhibits the enzyme lanosterol 14-alpha-demethylase, which is essential for the synthesis of ergosterol, a vital component of the fungal cell membrane. This mechanism disrupts the integrity of the fungal cell membrane, leading to cell death.
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Fluconazole is an antifungal medication used to treat a variety of fungal infections. It is a laboratory-produced compound that functions as an inhibitor of fungal enzymes, preventing the formation of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes.

More about "Anidulafungin"

Anidulafungin is a semi-synthetic lipopeptide antifungal agent that is commonly used to treat invasive candidiasis and other serious fungal infections.
This potent and broad-spectrum medication works by inhibiting the synthesis of 1,3-β-D-glucan, a crucial component of the fungal cell wall, leading to osmotic instability and cell lysis.
Anidulafungin has demonstrated effective activity against a wide range of Candida species, including azole-resistant strains, making it an important option for managing fungal infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients.
Compared to other antifungal agents like Amphotericin B, Caspofungin, Fluconazole, Posaconazole, Micafungin, Itraconazole, and Voriconazole, Anidulafungin has a favorable safety profile and low potential for drug interactions.
It is administered intravenously, providing a convenient route of administration for patients.
The availability of Anidulafungin as a treatment option has been a significant advancement in the management of serious fungal infections.
Its unique mechanism of action and potent activity against a broad range of fungal pathogens make it a valuable tool in the arsenal of healthcare professionals tasked with treating these potentially life-threatening conditions, especially in immunocompromised individuals.