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Antithrombin III

Antithrombin III is a serine protease inhibitor that plays a crucial role in regulating blood coagulation.
It inactivates several clotting factors, including thrombin, factor Xa, and factor IXa, thereby preventing the formation of unwanted blood clots.
Antithrombin III deficiency has been linked to an increased risk of thrombosis, underscoring its importance in maintaining hemostatic balance.
Reaserchers investigating Antithrombin III can leverage PubCompare.ai, an AI-driven platform that facilitates the identification and comparison of experimental protocols from scientific literature, preprints, and patents.
This tool helps optimize the accuracy and reproducibility of Antithrombin III studies, boosting research quality and productivity.

Most cited protocols related to «Antithrombin III»

1
Mortality and DIC Diagnostic Criteria
Cited 6 times
The relationship between the 28-day mortality and each component of the JAAM-DIC criteria (i.e., SIRS score, platelet count, FDP, and PT ratio) and the antithrombin activity at baseline (day of DIC diagnosis) were examined by univariate analysis in a logistic regression model. Variables associated with 28-day mortality at a P level of less than 0.05 were analyzed using a multivariate analysis (standard method of logistic regression analysis). The analysis was conducted using the outcome (survived, 0; died, 1) as the criterion variate and the SIRS score, platelet count, PT ratio, FDP, and antithrombin activity as explanatory variates. The differences in mortality according to various antithrombin activities were examined using the χ2 test.
The numerical values in the text and tables are the median and interquartile range (IQR), unless otherwise noted. The results of the logistic regression analysis were reported as the odds ratio (OR), P values, and 95 % confidence interval (CI). For all the reported results, P < 0.05 was considered to denote statistical significance. The above-mentioned analyses were performed using JMP software, version 9.0 (SAS Institute Co, Ltd, Cary, North Carolina).
Iba T., Di Nisio M., Thachil J., Wada H., Asakura H., Sato K., Kitamura N, & Saitoh D. (2016). Revision of the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine (JAAM) disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) diagnostic criteria using antithrombin activity. Critical Care, 20, 287.
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Publication 2016
Antithrombin III Diagnosis Platelet Counts, Blood Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome
2
Hepatic Injury Assessment Protocol
Cited 6 times
Plasma levels of aminotransferases (alanine aminotransferase [ALT] and aspartate aminotransferase [AST]) and hepatic levels of triglycerides were determined using standard kits (Thermotrace, Melbourne, Australia).4 (link) Paraffin-embedded sections were stained for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E); pathology was scored in a blinded manner by a trained pathologist.8 (link) Oil Red O staining,4 (link) chloroacetate esterase (CAE) staining, and neutrophil accumulation in the livers were assessed as described.8 (link),9 (link) The intensity and extent of CAE staining in liver tissues were quantified by counting CAE-positive neutrophils per 1000 hepatocytes. Plasma thrombin-antithrombin (TAT) concentration was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a kit (Dade Behring Inc., Deerfield, IL).10 (link) The accumulation of fibrin matrices was determined immunofluorometrically as described.8 (link)
Beier J.I., Luyendyk J.P., Guo L., von Montfort C., Staunton D.E, & Arteel G.E. (2009). Fibrin Accumulation Plays a Critical Role in the Sensitization to Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Liver Injury Caused by Ethanol in Mice. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 49(5), 1545-1553.
Publication 2009
3,3'-diallyldiethylstilbestrol Antithrombin III Aspartate Transaminase chloroacetate esterase D-Alanine Transaminase Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Eosin Fibrin Hepatocyte IL10 protein, human Liver Neutrophil Paraffin Pathologists Plasma Thrombin Tissues Transaminases Triglycerides
3
Comprehensive Liver Histopathology and Biomarker Analysis
Cited 5 times
For analysis of liver histopathology by light microscopy, formalin-fixed liver sections were cut at 5 microns and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and sirius red by the Michigan State University Investigative Histopathology Laboratory. At least 2 sections of liver from the left lateral lobe of each animal were qualitatively evaluated in their entirety by a Board-certified veterinary pathologist (K.J.W.). Quantitative measures of necrosis (i.e., lesion frequency and size) in H&E-stained sections were performed in a masked fashion using ImageJ. For quantification of Sirius red staining (collagen deposits), images of Sirius-red stained liver sections were captured using a Virtual Slide System VS110 (Olympus, Hicksville, NY) with a 20X objective. Random images were derived from the digitized slides approximating at least 100 mm2 tissue for each liver. The area of positive sirius red staining in each image was determined in an unbiased fashion using a batch macro and the color deconvolution tool in ImageJ. Total bile acids in serum were determined using a colorimetric assay (Bio-Quant, San Diego, CA) and serum activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were determined using commercial reagents (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA; Pointe Scientific, Canton, MI). Plasma thrombin-antithrombin (TAT) and serotonin levels were determined using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics, Deerfield, IL; Eagle Biosciences, Nashua, NH). Serum cytokine levels (IL-6, IL-4, KC/Gro, TNFα) were determined using the Meso Scale V-PLEX Proinflammatory Panel Kit and a Sector 600 Imager (Meso Scale Discovery, Rockville, MD).
Joshi N., Kopec A.K., O’Brien K.M., Towery K.L., Cline-Fedewa H., Williams K.J., Copple B.L., Flick M.J, & Luyendyk J.P. (2014). Coagulation-driven platelet activation reduces cholestatic liver injury and fibrosis in mice. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH, 13(1), 57-71.
Publication 2014
Alanine Transaminase Alkaline Phosphatase Animals Antithrombin III Bile Acids Biological Assay Collagen Colorimetry Cytokine Diagnosis Eagle Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Eosin Formalin Light Microscopy Liver Necrosis Pathologists Plasma Serotonin Serum Thrombin Tissues Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
4
Comprehensive Hemostasis Panel Evaluation
Cited 4 times
The aPTT (Dade Actin FSL; Siemens, Marburg, Germany), PT (Dade Innovin; Siemens), fibrinogen level (Clauss method, Dade Thrombin Reagent; Siemens), FVIII activity (Dade Actine FS and FVIII deficient plasma; Siemens), D-dimer (INNOVANCE D-dimer; Siemens), antithrombin (INNOVANCE; Siemens), and anti-Xa (Biophen Heparin LRT; Hyphen Biomed, Neuville-Sur-Oise, France) were measured on a Sysmex CS2100i (Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan) hemostasis analyzer. Samples for the anti-Xa test were first diluted 2x with pooled reference plasma containing ∼100% ATIII and the anti-Xa activity was subsequently determined using specific calibration lines for UFH (aXa-UFH) (Biophen UFH Calibrator; Hyphen Biomed) or low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) (aXa-LMWH) (Biophen Heparine Calibrator; Hyphen Biomed). The aPTT (Cephascreen; Stago, Paris, France) was also performed on a STA-R Max2 analyzer (Stago). Thrombocyte count was determined using a Sysmex XN-9000 analyzer (Sysmex). C-reactive protein (CRP, third generation, Roche Diagnostics, Basel, Switzerland) and ferritin (Elecsys ferritin, Roche) were performed on the COBAS8000 by Roche Diagnostics.
Streng A.S., Delnoij T.S., Mulder M.M., Sels J.W., Wetzels R.J., Verhezen P.W., Olie R.H., Kooman J.P., van Kuijk S.M., Brandts L., ten Cate H., Lorusso R., van der Horst I.C., van Bussel B.C, & Henskens Y.M. (2020). Monitoring of Unfractionated Heparin in Severe COVID-19: An Observational Study of Patients on CRRT and ECMO. TH Open: Companion Journal to Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 4(4), e365-e375.
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Publication 2020
3,3'-diallyldiethylstilbestrol Actins Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time Antithrombin III C Reactive Protein Diagnosis Ferritin fibrin fragment D Fibrinogen Hemostasis Heparin Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight Innovin Plasma Platelet Counts, Blood SERPINC1 protein, human Thrombin
5
Direct Oral Anticoagulant Efficacy Evaluation
Cited 4 times
A DE tablet (110mg, Pradaxa, Boehringer Ingelheim, Ingelheim, Germany) was dissolved with 1% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) in saline solution. Solutions with three different DE concentrations were prepared: 10mg/ml, 20mg/ml, and 30mg/ml. DE mice were fed three times orally using a gastric tube with intervals of eight hours. Each feeding consisted of 0.15mL of the respective solution resulting in a dose of 37.5mg/kg, 75mg/kg or 112.5mg/kg body weight per feeding for a 40g mouse. Oral gavages of comparable dosages of DE were previously shown to cause significant activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) prolongation in rats.16 (link) Control mice were fed three times with 0.15mL saline following the same modus of application. Determination of coagulation parameters or ICH induction by collagenase injection and laser-induced vessel rupture, respectively, was performed 0.5 hours after the last oral gavage of either DE or saline. In a subset of mice, multiple coagulation parameter analyses over time were performed, in order to determine the kinetics of DE anticoagulation. Furthermore, the effect of the solvent DMSO alone on coagulation parameters and ICH volume was determined.
Warfarin was applied via drinking water following a previously established protocol.4 (link), 15 (link) For mice with a body weight of 40g, a daily water consumption of 15mL/100g provided an estimated warfarin intake of 0.1mg (2.5mg/kg) within a 30 hour feeding period. Determination of coagulation parameters or ICH induction, respectively, was done at the end of the warfarin feeding period.
In addition, we treated mice with lepirudin (1.5mg/kg), heparin (80IU/kg), or fondaparinux (0.1mg/kg). Heparin inhibits thrombin indirectly by catalyzing its inactivation by antithrombin III. In addition, it inhibits factor Xa in complex with antithrombin III. As a selective factor Xa inhibitor, fondaparinux does not have direct effects on thrombin.17 (link) Each agent was dissolved in saline (total volume 0.1mL) and administered by a single retro-orbital i.v. injection, immediately followed by a single subcutaneous injection of the same dose and volume. These doses were chosen according to the literature.18 (link)-20 (link) Determination of coagulation parameters or ICH induction by collagenase injection, respectively, was done 0.5 hours after the subcutaneous application.
Lauer A., Cianchetti F.A., Van Cott E.M., Schlunk F., Schulz E., Pfeilschifter W., Steinmetz H., Schaffer C.B., Lo E.H, & Foerch C. (2011). Anticoagulation with the oral direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran does not enlarge hematoma volume in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage. Circulation, 124(15), 1654-1662.
Publication 2011
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time Antithrombin III Blood Vessel Body Weight Cardiac Arrest Coagulation, Blood Collagenase Factor Xa Factor Xa Inhibitors Fondaparinux Heparin Kinetics lepirudin Mice, House Modus Pradaxa Rattus Saline Solution Solvents Stomach Subcutaneous Injections Sulfoxide, Dimethyl Tablet Thrombin Tube Feeding Warfarin Water Consumption

Most recents protocols related to «Antithrombin III»

1
Comprehensive Coagulation Profile of Surgical Patients
The following coagulation assays (reagent and unit in parenthesis) in citrated (3.2%) plasma were analyzed at the local Central Coagulation Laboratory (HUSLAB of Helsinki University Hospital): FVIII (FVIII:C one-stage clotting assay [IU/dl], pathromtin SL and FVIII deficient plasma), fibrinogen (Clauss method [g/l], HemosIL Q.F.A.Thrombin, Werfen, Barcelona, Spain; D-dimer [mg/l] HemosIL D-Dimer HS 500), antithrombin (AT [%], a chromogenic assay Berichrom Antithrombin III), thrombin time ([s], BC Thrombin reagent, Siemens), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT [s], Actin FSL®, Siemens) and anti-FXa activity (anti-FXa [IU/ml], HemosIL Liquis Anti-Xa, Mediq Suomi Oy). We acquired data of these coagulation markers preoperatively and from the days 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, 30, 90, and 12 months after the operation, if available.
In addition, we measured the dynamics of white blood cell (WBC) count, C-reactive protein (CRP, mg/l), and platelet count (109/l) from the same time points. Preoperative plasma values of prothrombin time (Medirox Owren's PT [%] Medirox, Nyköping, Sweden), FXIII (F-XIII, %), VWF antigen (VWF:Ag, %) and VWF glycoprotein GPIb binding activity (VWF:Act, %), homocysteine (Hcyst, µmol/l), low-density lipoprotein (mmol/l), and triglycerides (Trigly, mmol/l) were collected. Additionally, patients were screened for protein C and S deficiencies, antiphospholipid antibodies as well as Factor V Leiden and FII G20210A mutations.
Myllylahti L., Ropponen J., Lax M., Lassila R, & Nykänen A.I. (2023). Upregulation of Coagulation Factor VIII and Fibrinogen After Pulmonary Endarterectomy in Patients with Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension. Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis, 29, 10760296231158369.
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Publication 2023
Actins Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time Antigens Antiphospholipid Antibodies Antithrombin III azo rubin S Biological Assay Coagulation, Blood C Reactive Protein factor V Leiden fibrin fragment D Fibrinogen Glycoproteins Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight Homocysteine Leukocyte Count Low-Density Lipoproteins Mutation Patients Plasma Platelet Counts, Blood Protein C Tests, Blood Coagulation Thrombin Times, Prothrombin Times, Reptilase Triglycerides
2
Coagulopathy and Thrombosis in COVID-19

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Publication 2023
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time Antithrombin III Continuous Positive Airway Pressure COVID 19 C Reactive Protein Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Factor VIII Factor VIII-Related Antigen Fibrinogen Hemoglobin Heparin Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight Index, Body Mass International Normalized Ratio Protein C Protein S SARS-CoV-2 Times, Prothrombin Veins
3
Coagulation Markers in COVID-19 Patients

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Publication 2023
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time Antithrombin III BLOOD Citrates C Reactive Protein Creatinine Diagnosis Edetic Acid Factor VIII Factor VIII-Related Antigen fibrin fragment D Fibrinogen Heparin Sodium Patient Admission Patients Protein C protein S, human Serum
4
Blood Biomarker Profiling Protocol
Venous blood was collected in the early morning after an overnight fast. Plasma was separated and stored at −80°C until processing. Measurements of glucose, total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides was performed with chemical methods in authomated devices, as previously reported (39 (link)). Low-density lipoprotein level was calculated by the Friedewald formula. Glomerular filtration rate was assessed by duplicate measurements of 24-h creatinine clearance. Coagulation parameters were measured in plasma as previously described (40 (link)). In brief, fibrinogen was assayed in an automatic coagulometer by a functional test, D-dimer was assayed immunoenzymatically, prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 (F1 + 2) and tissue-plasminogen activator (t-PA) by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) by immunoassay, antithrombin III (ATIII), protein C, protein S, and von Willebrand factor (vWF) by functional chromogenic assays.
Brosolo G., Da Porto A., Bulfone L., Vacca A., Bertin N., Vivarelli C., Sechi L.A, & Catena C. (2023). Association of arterial stiffness with a prothrombotic state in uncomplicated nondiabetic hypertensive patients. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, 10, 1119516.
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Publication 2023
Alteplase Antithrombin III azo rubin S Biological Assay Coagulation, Blood Creatinine Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Factor VIII-Related Antigen fibrin fragment D Fibrinogen Glomerular Filtration Rate Glucose High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Immunoassay Low-Density Lipoproteins Medical Devices Plasma Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 Protein C Protein S prothrombin fragment 1.2 Triglycerides Veins
5
Coagulation Biomarkers in Thrombosis

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Publication 2023
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time Antithrombin III Biological Assay Blood Platelets Clotrimazole Fibrin fibrin fragment D Fibrinogen Hemostasis International Normalized Ratio Plasma Platelet Counts, Blood Thrombin Thrombosis Turbidimetry

Top products related to «Antithrombin III»

1
Enzygnost tat micro kit by Siemens
Sourced in Germany
The Enzygnost TAT micro kit is a laboratory equipment product manufactured by Siemens. The kit is designed for the quantitative determination of thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) in human plasma samples.
2
Hemosil liquid antithrombin by Werfen
Sourced in Spain, Germany, Italy
HemosIL liquid antithrombin is a laboratory reagent used to measure the antithrombin activity in human plasma samples. Antithrombin is a serine protease inhibitor that plays a crucial role in the regulation of the blood coagulation system.
3
Thrombin by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Sao Tome and Principe, Switzerland, Sweden, Ireland, Macao, India, Australia, France, Spain
Thrombin is a serine protease enzyme that plays a crucial role in the blood coagulation process. It is responsible for the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin, which is the main structural component of blood clots. Thrombin also activates other factors involved in the clotting cascade, promoting the formation and stabilization of blood clots.
4
Bovine serum albumin (bsa) by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Italy, Japan, France, Sao Tome and Principe, Canada, Macao, Spain, Switzerland, Australia, India, Israel, Belgium, Poland, Sweden, Denmark, Ireland, Hungary, Netherlands, Czechia, Brazil, Austria, Singapore, Portugal, Panama, Chile, Senegal, Morocco, Slovenia, New Zealand, Finland, Thailand, Uruguay, Argentina, Saudi Arabia, Romania, Greece, Mexico
Bovine serum albumin (BSA) is a common laboratory reagent derived from bovine blood plasma. It is a protein that serves as a stabilizer and blocking agent in various biochemical and immunological applications. BSA is widely used to maintain the activity and solubility of enzymes, proteins, and other biomolecules in experimental settings.
5
Hemosil protein c by Werfen
HemosIL Protein C is a laboratory equipment product designed to measure the level of Protein C in a patient's blood sample. Protein C is an important blood clotting factor, and its measurement can provide valuable information for healthcare professionals in the diagnosis and management of various medical conditions.
6
Sta r evolution by Diagnostica Stago
Sourced in France, United States, Japan
The STA-R Evolution is an automated laboratory coagulation analyzer manufactured by Diagnostica Stago. It is designed to perform a wide range of coagulation tests, including clotting, chromogenic, and immunological assays. The STA-R Evolution provides reliable and efficient test results to support the diagnosis and monitoring of hemostatic disorders.
7
Acl top 300 by Werfen
Sourced in United States
The ACL TOP 300 is a fully automated coagulation analyzer designed for high-volume clinical laboratories. It is capable of performing a wide range of routine and specialty coagulation tests. The ACL TOP 300 features advanced technology and provides efficient, reliable, and consistent results.
8
Hitrap heparin column by GE Healthcare
Sourced in United Kingdom, Spain, United States, Japan, Germany
The HiTrap Heparin column is a chromatography column designed for the purification of heparin-binding proteins. It features a matrix of agarose beads covalently coupled with heparin, which acts as a ligand for the selective capture of target proteins. The column can be used in various protein purification workflows, such as the isolation of growth factors, coagulation factors, and other heparin-binding biomolecules.
9
Hitrap q column by GE Healthcare
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Sweden, Spain
The HiTrap Q column is a laboratory equipment product designed for ion exchange chromatography. It is used for the purification and separation of biomolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, and other charged species. The column contains a quaternary ammonium anion exchange resin that can bind and elute molecules based on their charge properties. The core function of the HiTrap Q column is to facilitate the isolation and purification of target analytes from complex mixtures.

More about "Antithrombin III"

Antithrombin III, also known as AT-III or ATIII, is a critical serine protease inhibitor that plays a pivotal role in regulating blood coagulation.
It functions by inactivating several key clotting factors, including thrombin, factor Xa, and factor IXa, thereby preventing the formation of unwanted blood clots.
This anti-thrombotic activity is essential for maintaining hemostatic balance within the body.
Deficiencies in Antithrombin III have been linked to an increased risk of thrombosis, underscoring its importance in thrombosis prevention and management.
Researchers investigating Antithrombin III can leverage powerful tools like PubCompare.ai, an AI-driven platform that facilitates the identification and comparison of experimental protocols from scientific literature, preprints, and patents.
This versatile tool helps optimize the accuracy and reproducibility of Antithrombin III studies, boosting the overall quality and productivity of the research.
For Antithrombin III-related investigations, researchers may also utilize complementary products and technologies, such as the Enzygnost TAT micro kit for the quantitative determination of thrombin-antithrombin (TAT) complexes, the HemosIL liquid antithrombin assay for the quantitative determination of Antithrombin III levels, and the HemosIL Protein C assay for the measurement of Protein C activity.
Additionally, advanced laboratory equipment like the STA-R Evolution and ACL TOP 300 analyzers can streamline the analysis of Antithrombin III and related coagulation factors.
Furthremore, researchers may employ chromatographic techniques, such as the HiTrap Heparin column and HiTrap Q column, to purify and isolate Antithrombin III for various experimental applications.
These tools and technologies, combined with the power of PubCompare.ai, can greatly enhance the quality, accuracy, and productivity of Antithrombin III research, leading to advancements in thrombosis prevention and treatment.