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Baclofen

Baclofen is a skeletal muscle relaxant and antispastic agent used to treat muscle spasticity associated with spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, and other neurological disorders.
It acts as a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonist, reducing excitatory neurotransmission and muscle tone.
Baclofen is commonly administered orally, intrathecally, or via a baclofen pump for optimal management of spasticity.
Reserchers can leveragde PubCompare.ai to easily locate and compare Baclofen protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, enhenceing reproducibility and accuracy of their studies.

Most cited protocols related to «Baclofen»

1
Baclofen Modulates Dopamine Responses
Cited 12 times
Animals were implanted with chronic, carbon fiber microsensors targeted at the nucleus accumbens core (1.3-mm lateral and 1.3-mm rostral from bregma) and with bilateral guide cannulae (26 gauge; Plastics One, VA) directed at the VTA (0.5-mm lateral and −5.6-mm caudal to bregma, lowered 7.0 mm ventral from dura mater). Dummy canulae (Plastics One, VA) were installed in the guide cannulae and removed during testing. On test days (~2 months after implantation), injectors (33 gauge; Plastics One, VA) were inserted through the guide cannulae so they protruded 1 mm beyond the guide cannulae to a final depth of 8.0 mm ventral from dura mater. Injections (0.5 µl) of ACSF (in mM: 154.7 Na+, 2.9 K+, 132.49 Cl−, 1.1 Ca2+ at pH = 7.4) or baclofen (50 ng) dissolved in ACSF were visually monitored for accuracy and were completed within four min. Dopamine responses to reward delivery were recorded immediately prior to injections and 5 min after injections. Voltammetric responses were analyzed by calculating the area under the curve of the change in current at the peak dopamine oxidation potential which was normalized to the percentage of that for the pre-injection reward delivery.
Clark J.J., Sandberg S.G., Wanat M.J., Gan J.O., Horne E.A., Hart A.S., Akers C.A., Parker J.G., Willuhn I., Martinez V., Evans S.B., Stella N, & Phillips P.E. (2009). Chronic microsensors for longitudinal, subsecond dopamine detection in behaving animals. Nature methods, 7(2), 126-129.
Publication 2009
Animals Baclofen Cannula Carbon Fiber Dopamine Dura Mater Nucleus Accumbens Obstetric Delivery Ovum Implantation
2
Quantifying Dendritic Spine Calcium Dynamics
Cited 9 times

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Publication 2010
2,3-dioxo-6-nitro-7-sulfamoylbenzo(f)quinoxaline 4-methoxy-7-nitroindolinyl-glutamate Alexa594 alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid Axon Baclofen Bath Cells Dendritic Spines Fluorescence FLUOS gabazine Glutamate Head Laser Scanning Microscopy Light Magnesium Microscopy N-Methylaspartate Pharmaceutical Preparations Protoplasm Pulse Rate Radionuclide Imaging Reading Frames Serine Stimulations, Electric Vertebral Column Vision
3
Pooled Analysis of Chemotherapy-Induced Neuropathy
Cited 8 times
NCCTG trial participants were recruited from 125 academic and community NCCTG participating sites located throughout the United States and Canada. All studies were approved by Institutional Review Boards, and all study participants signed an informed consent document.
Figure 1 illustrates how data from four NCCTG studies were pooled based on whether the participants had received neurotoxic chemotherapy. Data obtained from patients recruited to two studies, N06CA (n = 203) and N08C1 (n = 173), who had received neurotoxic chemotherapy were pooled to form the “received neurotoxic chemotherapy” group (N = 376). In both studies, eligible patients were ≥18 years of age and did not have neuropathy due to other causes. N06CA was a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluating the efficacy of topical baclofen, amitriptyline, and ketamine (BAK) for the treatment for CIPN [16 (link)]. Participants had moderate-to-severe (≥4/10) CIPN-related numbness, tingling, and/or neuropathic pain for at least 1 month prior to study participation. N06CA baseline QLQ-CIPN20, BPI-SF, and NCI-CTCAE scores were used in the current analysis. N08C1 was a descriptive, longitudinal study designed to assess CIPN incidence and severity over time as patients received neurotoxic chemotherapy [6 (link), 17 (link)]. N08C1 QLQ-CIPN20 scores following 12 weeks of chemotherapy treatment were used in the current analysis.
Figure 1 also illustrates how samples from three studies were pooled to comprise the “no neurotoxic chemotherapy” group (N = 575). More specifically, the QLQ-CIPN-20 is currently being utilized in two additional ongoing prevention trials: N08CA (n = 134) and N08CB (n = 168). Baseline QLQ-CIPN20 scores obtained from patients participating in these two trials, plus baseline QLQ-CIPN20 scores from N08C1 obtained prior to patients starting chemotherapy (n = 273) were pooled. N08CA is a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial designed to evaluate the efficacy of glutathione for the prevention of paclitaxel/carboplatin-induced CIPN. N08CB is a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluating the efficacy of intravenous calcium and magnesium for the prevention of oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy. Eligible participants for both studies were ≥18 years of age and did not have preexisting neuropathy.
Lavoie Smith E.M., Barton D.L., Qin R., Steen P.D., Aaronson N.K, & Loprinzi C.L. (2013). Assessing patient-reported peripheral neuropathy: the reliability and validity of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-CIPN20 Questionnaire. Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation, 22(10), 2787-2799.
Publication 2013
Amitriptyline Baclofen Calcium Carboplatin Ethics Committees, Research Glutathione Ketamine Magnesium Neuralgia Neurotoxicity Syndromes Oxaliplatin Paclitaxel Patients Pharmacotherapy Placebos
4
Voluntary Wheel Running in Inflammatory Pain
Cited 8 times

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Publication 2012
Analgesics Animals Baclofen Body Weight Caffeine Hindlimb Human Body Inflammation Mice, House Morphine Pain Pharmaceutical Preparations polycarbonate Rodent Saline Solution Stainless Steel
5
Cocaine Dose-Response in Rats
Cited 8 times
Following acquisition, animals were given access to cocaine in the within-session threshold procedure. Pump times were decreased across 11 intervals according to a quarter-log scale as follows: 3,156, 1,780, 1,000, 562, 310, 178, 100, 56, 31, 18, and 10 ms. A timeout period corresponded only to the duration of the pump infusion. The calculated dose equivalents (5 mg/ml×1.6 ml/min × pump duration) are as follows: 421, 237, 133, 75, 41, 24, 13, 7.5, 4.1, 2.4, and 1.3 μg/ infusion. See supplemental material of Oleson and Roberts (2009) (link) for a full characterization of this approach and validation that the appropriate quantity of drug is delivered across all pump durations. The duration of the pump infusion was the only experimenter-imposed inter-injection period. The available cocaine dose decreased every 10 min for all drug pretreatments except d-amphetamine, for which the available dose decreased every 5 min. The threshold, or minimally reinforcing dose, was defined as the final dose presented that maintained stable responding (Zittel-Lazarini et al. 2007 ). Drug pretreatment times and doses for all drugs were chosen based on preliminary data. All injections, including vehicle, were administered intraperitoneally and assigned using a Latin square design with a minimum of 3 days between treatments. Pretreatment times were 15 min for d-amphetamine and 30 min for haloperidol, fluoxetine and baclofen.
Oleson E.B., Richardson J.M, & Roberts D.C. (2010). A novel IV cocaine self-administration procedure in rats: differential effects of dopamine, serotonin, and GABA drug pre-treatments on cocaine consumption and maximal price paid. Psychopharmacology, 214(2), 567-577.
Publication 2010
Amphetamines Animals Baclofen Cocaine Dextroamphetamine Fluoxetine Haloperidol Infusion Pump Pharmaceutical Preparations

Most recents protocols related to «Baclofen»

1
Baclofen for Chemotherapy-Induced Hiccups
The patients were treated with baclofen tablets (Ningbo Tianheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Fu’an Pharmaceutical Group, specifications: 10 mg*10 s, GuoYaoZhunZi H19980103) when hiccup occurred newly within 24 h after chemotherapy, at 10 mg/time, 3 times/day orally for 3 days. The daily dosage and frequency of baclofen were determined according to the published results and real-world clinical use [11 (link)]. During the treatment, no other mediations or treatments were received among patients.
Mei M., Fang M., Mao Y., Chen H, & Huang L. (2023). Single-arm trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of baclofen in treatment of intractable hiccup caused by malignant tumor chemotherapy. Open Medicine, 18(1), 20230664.
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Publication 2023
Baclofen Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Pharmacotherapy
2
Chronic Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury: Comprehensive Characterization
Eight individuals with chronic incomplete SCI (4 males, 4 females) aged 20–74 yr (56.1 ± 16.5 yr, means ± SD) and 14 individuals with no known neurological conditions (age-matched non-SCI group; 7 males, 7 females) aged 72–21 yr (48.3 ± 15.0 yr) participated in this study. Profiles of individuals with SCI are summarized in Table 1. Before testing, all participants provided written informed consent that was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Medical University of South Carolina.
The inclusion criteria for participants with SCI were 1) neurologically stable (>6 mo after lesion), 2) medically stable (i.e., no changes to medication for at least 3 mo), and 3) ability to ambulate with or without an assistive device (except parallel bars) at least 10 m. Note that chronic stable use of antispasticity medication such as baclofen, diazepam, or tizanidine was accepted. All participants with SCI exhibited clinical signs of spasticity (i.e., increased muscle tone, score ≥1 on Modified Ashworth scale) at least unilaterally. Exclusion criteria were 1) lower motor neuron injury, 2) known cardiac conditions, 3) medically unstable conditions, 4) cognitive impairment, 5) uncontrolled peripheral neuropathy, 6) extensive use of functional electrical stimulation (e.g., foot-drop stimulator) on a daily basis, and 7) complete lack of cutaneous sensation around the foot.
Participants in the age-matched non-SCI group were free from 1) known neurological conditions and 2) lower limb orthopedic injuries within the past year.
In each participant with SCI, the more affected leg, which was defined as the one with more severe spasticity and confirmed by the research occupational therapist (BD), was studied. In participants of the non-SCI group, the left leg was studied.
Note that the SCI group and non-SCI group were different in walking speed used for reflex measurements (0.4 ± 0.2 m/s [means ± SD] for the SCI group vs. 1.0 ± 0.2 m/s for the non-SCI group, P < 0.001).
Phipps A.M, & Thompson A.K. (2023). Altered cutaneous reflexes to non-noxious stimuli in the triceps surae of people with chronic incomplete spinal cord injury. Journal of Neurophysiology, 129(3), 513-523.
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Publication 2023
Age Groups Baclofen Diazepam Disorders, Cognitive Ethics Committees, Research Females Foot Heart Diseases Injuries Leg Injuries Males Motor Neurons Muscle Spasticity Nervous System Disorder Occupational Therapist Peripheral Nervous System Diseases Pharmaceutical Preparations Reflex Self-Help Devices Skin Stimulations, Electric tizanidine
3
Rare HIV-1 Controller with Antiretroviral Resistance
The 59- year-old controller (subject #1) was diagnosed with HIV-1 infection when he was treated in the hospital for recurrent epileptic seizures. Since an ischemic stroke seven years previously he had suffered from hemiparesis of his right leg and right arm. He was a smoker with hypertonic blood pressure. The time point of HIV-1 infection is not known but was established to have occurred prior to his severe neurological disability.
At diagnosis, he displayed a CD4 count of 1004 cells/µL and HIV-1-specific antibodies measured by ELISA (ARCHITECT HIV Ag/Ab Combo Assay, Abbott, Wiesbaden, Germany) and immunoblot (Geenius HIV 1/2 Confirmatory Assay, Bio-Rad laboratories, Feldkirchen, Germany). He maintained normal CD4 counts >800 cells/µL over the next 453 days post-diagnosis (Table 1). His viral load measured by real-time HIV-1 PCR (Abbott RealTime HIV-1 assay, Abbott, Wiesbaden) was 40 copies/mL at diagnosis. with subsequent low viral loads ranging between <20 and 20 copies/mL until day 293 post-diagnosis (Table 1). At day 383, four weeks after a traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage and fracture of his right humerus, he displayed a transient increase of viral load to 250 copies/mL with spontaneous decline to <20 copies/mL at day 453. A resistance analysis from plasma obtained at day 383 post-diagnosis revealed the presence of several mutations in reverse transcriptase (RT, 41L, 210W, 215A) and protease (33F, 43T, 46L, 53L, 82A, 88D) which were associated with high-level resistance against zidovudine, stavudine and several protease inhibitors. This indicated the transmission of a drug-resistant virus as the patient has not been treated with antiretroviral drugs in the past.
At the time point of his first viral load measurement, he was treated with the following drugs: lamotrigine, levetiracetam, lacosamide, simvastatin, acetylsalicylic acid, ramipril, amlodipine, melperone, baclofen, citalopram and thiamine. The patient’s HLA-type was HLA A*11, B*52, B*57, C*6, C*12.
In addition to the controller (subject #1), we investigated 14 HLA-B*52-positive, HIV-1-infected patients (clinical characteristics shown in Table S1). All were on antiretroviral combination therapy (cART) for a median time of 75 months (range 3–315 months). They presented with a current median viral load of <20 copies/mL (range: <20 to 40 copies/mL) and a current median CD4 count of 872 (range 351–1434).
El Kenz B., Schmidt K.G., Ogungbemi-Alt V.K., Bergmann S., Steininger P., Korn K., Spriewald B., Harrer E.G., Nganou-Makamdop K, & Harrer T. (2023). Definition of a New HLA B*52-Restricted Rev CTL Epitope Targeted by an HIV-1-Infected Controller. Viruses, 15(2), 567.
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Publication 2023
Amlodipine Aspirin Baclofen Biological Assay Blood Pressure CD4+ Cell Counts Cells Citalopram Combination Antiretroviral Therapy Diagnosis Disabled Persons Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Epilepsy Hemiparesis HIV-1 HIV-2 HIV Antibodies HIV Infections HLA-B Antigens HLA Typing Humeral Fractures Immunoblotting Infection Lacosamide Lamotrigine Levetiracetam metylperon Mutation Patients Peptide Hydrolases Pharmaceutical Preparations Plasma Protease Inhibitors Ramipril Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase Simvastatin Stavudine Stroke, Ischemic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Traumatic Thiamine Transients Transmission, Communicable Disease Virus Zidovudine
4
Analysis of Synaptic and Somatic Responses
For synaptic responses, raw data were analyzed using Matlab or Axograph. Peak current amplitude was calculated for each sweep after baseline subtraction, with baseline defined as the average holding current during the first 10 ms of each sweep, prior to optical stimulation. For each condition (baseline, drug, washout/reversal), baseline subtracted sweeps were averaged together, and peak current amplitude of the averaged trace was calculated. For the baseline condition, the first 2–4 sweeps were omitted from the average to allow the currents to stabilize. For the drug and washout/reversal conditions, the first 4–8 sweeps were omitted from the average to allow for equilibration of drug or washout of drug within the tissue. Average drug and washout/reversal current amplitudes were normalized to the average baseline current peak amplitude and plotted as % of baseline to analyze sensitivity of MThal terminals to opioid-mediated presynaptic inhibition. For somatic responses, raw data were analyzed using LabChart. Average holding current was calculated for each condition, and morphine-induced GIRK current was normalized to baclofen-induced GIRK conductance. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism (GraphPad Software Inc., San Diego, CA). Statistical comparisons were made using a t-test or one-way or 2-way ANOVA with Tukey’s (one-way ANOVA) or Šidák’s (2-way ANOVA) post-hoc analysis. Concentration-response curves were analyzed using nonlinear regression to calculate EC50 and 95% confidence interval for the EC50. For all experiments, statistical significance was defined as p<0.05. For all comparisons, n (number of cells) and N (number of animals) are both reported.
Jaeckel E.R., Arias-Hervert E.R., Perez-Medina A.L., Herrera Y.N., Schulz S, & Birdsong W.T. (2023). Chronic morphine induces adaptations in opioid receptor signaling in a thalamo-cortico-striatal circuit that are projection-dependent, sex-specific and regulated by mu opioid receptor phosphorylation. bioRxiv.
Publication Preprint 2023
Animals Baclofen Diploid Cell Hypersensitivity Morphine neuro-oncological ventral antigen 2, human Opioids Pharmaceutical Preparations Photic Stimulation prisma Psychological Inhibition Tissues
5
Comprehensive Evaluation and Personalized Pain Management
Patient demographic characteristics, and past hospitalizations/surgeries were collected through questionnaires completed before the first appointment. Patients and parents also completed validated pain-related questionnaires. Current pain medication intake, previous pain medication taken, and previous medical treatment for pain were also collected. The team discussed the patient and parents’ self-assessment before the initial evaluation and were confirmed through face-to-face interviews.
Before the initial evaluation, each patient underwent a specific protocol of mechanical and thermal QST to obtain a comprehensive profile of somatosensory functioning and pain modulatory responses. The results of the QST were available during the first evaluation and were used to personalize the treatment program of each patient.13 (link),14 (link)
During an interdisciplinary face-to-face interview, we evaluated the intensity, duration and frequency of the pain over the previous month using a numerical rating scale (NRS) ranging from 0 to 10, representing no pain at all and the worst pain imaginable, respectively. A pain specialist and a physiotherapist then conducted a detailed physical exam. This was followed by interviews with the patients/caregivers conducted by a psychologist, a social worker and a nurse clinician. At the end of the evaluation, the diagnosis and personalized treatment plan (eg medications, physiotherapy, psychology, nursing, social worker, and interventional procedures) was discussed with the patients and their parents/caregivers.13–18 (link) Medication prescribed included non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (eg ibuprofen, celecoxib), muscle relaxants (eg baclofen), opiates (eg morphine), anti-depressants (eg amitriptyline), anti-epileptics (eg gabapentin), anti-migraine agents, oral corticosteroids, sedatives (eg benzodiazepines), or other analgesics and antipyretics agents (eg acetaminophen, clonidine, magnesium, etc.). Interventional procedures included primarily peripheral nerve and interfascial plane single blocks, pulsed radiofrequency or local infiltrations.15 (link)
The evaluations, treatment, and follow-up provided by the Center for Complex Pain are entirely covered by the Quebec public health system. All the data gathered from the auto-evaluation and from the initial evaluation was prospectively documented in the database of the Center for Complex Pain and transferred to the patient’s electronic chart.
Ocay D.D., Ross B.D., Moscaritolo L., Ahmed N., Ouellet J.A., Ferland C.E, & Ingelmo P.M. (2023). The Psychosocial Characteristics and Somatosensory Function of Children and Adolescents Who Meet the Criteria for Chronic Nociplastic Pain. Journal of Pain Research, 16, 487-500.
Publication 2023
Acetaminophen Adrenal Cortex Hormones Amitriptyline Analgesics Anti-Anxiety Agents Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal Antiepileptic Agents Antipyretics Baclofen Benzodiazepines Celecoxib Clinical Nurse Specialists Clonidine Diagnosis Face Gabapentin Hospitalization Ibuprofen Magnesium Management, Pain Migraine Disorders Morphine Muscle Tissue Operative Surgical Procedures Opiate Alkaloids Pain Parent Patients Peripheral Nerves Pharmaceutical Preparations Physical Examination Physical Therapist Psychologist Sedatives Self-Assessment Therapy, Physical Worker, Social

Top products related to «Baclofen»

1
Baclofen by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Japan, Macao, Canada
Baclofen is a pharmaceutical drug used as a muscle relaxant. It is a synthetic derivative of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Baclofen acts on GABA receptors in the central nervous system to reduce muscle spasms and stiffness.
2
Baclofen by Bio-Techne
Sourced in United Kingdom, United States
Baclofen is a laboratory reagent used for research purposes. It functions as a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) B receptor agonist, which may be useful for studying GABA-related physiological and biochemical processes. The specific applications and intended use of this product should be determined by the researcher.
3
Muscimol by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Macao
Muscimol is a laboratory chemical product manufactured by Merck Group. It is a potent agonist of the gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA-A) receptor, a major inhibitory neurotransmitter receptor in the central nervous system. Muscimol is primarily used in scientific research applications.
4
R baclofen by Bio-Techne
Sourced in United States, France, China, United Kingdom
R-Baclofen is a laboratory product manufactured by Bio-Techne. It is a chemical compound commonly used in research and scientific applications.
5
Muscimol by Bio-Techne
Sourced in United Kingdom, United States
Muscimol is a neurochemical compound that acts as an agonist at the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABA-A receptor). It is commonly used in research applications to study the effects of GABA-A receptor activation on various biological processes.
6
Picrotoxin by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Sao Tome and Principe, Canada, Israel, Australia, Italy, Japan
Picrotoxin is a chemical compound that acts as a GABA antagonist. It is primarily used in scientific research as a tool to study the function of GABA receptors.
7
Cgp35348 by Merck Group
Sourced in United States
CGP35348 is a laboratory equipment product manufactured by Merck Group. It is a chemical compound used for various research and analytical purposes in scientific laboratories. The core function of CGP35348 is to serve as a research tool for scientific investigations, without making any claims about its intended use.
8
Bicuculline by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Macao, Japan, Argentina, France, Italy, Sao Tome and Principe, Australia
Bicuculline is a laboratory reagent used as a GABA(A) receptor antagonist. It is commonly employed in neuroscience research to study the role of GABA-mediated inhibition in neural circuits and behavior.
9
Cgp55845 by Bio-Techne
Sourced in United Kingdom, United States
CGP55845 is a chemical compound used as a research tool in scientific laboratories. It functions as a GABAB receptor antagonist, which means it blocks the activity of GABAB receptors. The core function of CGP55845 is to facilitate the study of GABAB receptor-mediated processes in various experimental settings.
10
Cgp54626 by Bio-Techne
Sourced in United Kingdom
CGP54626 is a laboratory equipment product offered by Bio-Techne. It is designed for use in scientific research and analysis. The core function of this product is to provide a specific tool or instrument for conducting experiments and investigations in a laboratory setting. No further details are available without the risk of introducing bias or interpretation.

More about "Baclofen"

Baclofen is a versatile pharmaceutical agent known for its therapeutic applications in managing muscle spasticity, a condition often associated with neurological disorders such as spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, and other neurological conditions.
As a skeletal muscle relaxant and antispastic agent, Baclofen exerts its effects by acting as a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonist, reducing excitatory neurotransmission and muscle tone.
Baclofen can be administered through various routes, including oral, intrathecal, and via a specialized baclofen pump, allowing for optimal management of spasticity.
Researchers can leverage powerful tools like PubCompare.ai to easily locate and compare Baclofen protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, enhancing the reproducibility and accuracy of their studies.
Muscimol, another GABA agonist, and R-Baclofen, the active enantiomer of Baclofen, are related compounds that have also been investigated for their potential therapeutic applications.
Picrotoxin, CGP35348, Bicuculline, and CGP55845 are GABA antagonists that can be used to study the mechanisms of action of Baclofen and other GABA-related agents.
By utilizing the insights and capabilities of platforms like PubCompare.ai, researchers can optimize their Baclofen research, identify the most effective protocols and products, and take their investigations to new heights, leveraging the power of data-driven insights and enhancing the overall quality and impact of their work.