Caspase
These enzymes are involved in the cleavage of key cellular proteins, triggering a cascade of events that lead to cell dismantling and removal.
Caspases are classified into initiator (e.g. caspase-8, -9) and effector (e.g. caspase-3, -6, -7) subtypes based on their function in the apoptotic pathway.
Dysregulation of caspase activity has been implicated in a wide range of diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, autoimmune conditions, and cancer.
Reserch into caspase function and regulation is crucial for understanding cell death mechanisms and developing targeted therapies.
PubCompare.ai streamlines this important resarch by empowering scientists to quickly identify the most accurate and reproducible caspase protocols from the literature, preprints, and patents using advanced AI-powered tools.
Most cited protocols related to «Caspase»
In the case of methotrexate and oligomycin, 1250 cells were plated in 20–120 µl of media per well, treated with a dilution series of drug, and imaged for 72 hours.
In the case of linsitinib, cells were treated with a dilution series of linsitinib either with or without 10µM batimastat using a D300 Digital Dispenser and imaged in an IncuCyte ZOOM live cell imager (Essen Bioscience) for an additional 72 hours.
In the case of paclitaxel, cells were treated with a dilution series of paclitaxel and 200 nM of NucView 488 caspase 3 substrate (Biotium) using a D300 Digital Dispenser (Hewlett-Packard) and imaged after drug in an IncuCyte ZOOM live cell imager (Essen Bioscience) for an additional 72 hours. For immunofluorescence experiments, cells were grown for 24 hours and then treated with a dilution series of paclitaxel using a D300 Digital Dispenser (Hewlett-Packard) and incubated for 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours. Cells were fixed for 30 min in 3% formaldehyde, permeabilized for 30 min in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) with 0.3% Triton X-100 (Sigma-Aldrich), washed twice in PBS with 0.1% Tween 20 (Sigma-Aldrich; PBS-T), and blocked for 60 min with Odyssey blocking buffer. Anti-active Caspase-3 antibody (BD Biosciences) was diluted 1:1000 in Odyssey blocking buffer and incubated for 16 h at 4°C. Cells were washed three times in PBS-T for 5 min and incubated with Alexa Fluor 488 conjugated goat anti-rabbit secondary antibody for 60 min at room. Cells were washed two times in PBS-T, once with PBS, and stained for 30 min with whole cell stain (Thermo Fisher Scientific) and Hoechst (Thermo Fisher Scientific), and washed three times in PBS.
ESTIMATE algorithm: method that uses gene expression signatures to infer the fraction of stromal and immune cells in tumor samples30 (link);
Curated signatures: upper and lower normal colon crypt compartments51 , epithelial and mesenchymal markers7 (link), WNT52 and MYC downstream target53 , epithelial-mesenchymal transition core genes and TGFβ pathway54 , intestinal stem cells55 , matrix remodeling (REACTOME) and wound-response (GO BP);
Canonical genesets: MAPK and PI3K (GO BP), SRC, JAK-STAT, caspases (BIOCARTA), proteosome (KEGG), Notch, cell cycle, translation and ribosome, integrin beta3, VEGF/VEGFR interactions (REACTOME);
Immune activation: immune response (GO BP), PD1 activation (REACTOME), infiltration with T cytotoxic cells (CD8)56 and T helper cells (TH1) in cancer samples57 ,58 , infiltration with Natural Killer (NK) cells59 and follicular helper T (TFH) cells60 in cancer samples, activation of T helper 17 (TH17) cells61 , regulatory T cells (Treg)62 or myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC)63 ;
Metabolic activation: sugar, amino acid, nucleotide, glucose, pentose, fructose, mannose, starch, sucrose, galactose, glutathione, nitrogen, tyrosine, glycerophospholipid, fatty acid, arachnoid acid, linoleic acid (KEGG), glutamine (GO BP), lysophospholipid (PID).
Most recents protocols related to «Caspase»
marker nitrotyrosine and the neuron-specific neuronal nuclear antigen
(NeuN), nitrotyrosine, and the astrocyte marker the glial fibrillary acidic
protein (GFAP) or the apoptotic marker cleaved caspase-3 and NeuN as
previously described.34 (link),35 (link),38 (link) Briefly,
free-floating sections were rinsed in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and
blocked in 1% horse serum in PBS containing .3% Triton X for 1 h. Sections
were then transferred in an antibody mixture containing rabbit
anti-nitrotyrosine polyclonal antibody (1:2500; Sigma, MO) and chicken
anti-GFAP polyclonal antibody (1:3000; Novus Biologicals, CO), rabbit
anti-nitrotyrosine polyclonal antibody (1:2500; Sigma, MO) and mouse
anti-NeuN monoclonal antibody clone, A60 (1:1500; Millipore/Sigma, MO) or
rabbit anti-cleaved caspase 3 polyclonal antibody (1:7500; Millipore, MA)
and mouse anti-NeuN monoclonal antibody clone, A60 (1:1500 Millipore/Sigma,
MO) and incubated at 4°C overnight. Sections were washed in PBS and
incubated in a mixture of corresponding secondary antibodies containing
Alexa Fluor 594 and Alexa Fluor 488 or Alexa Fluor 547 (1:2000; Invitrogen,
NY) for 1 h at room temperature. Sections were washed with PBS,
counterstained with 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), and mounted with an
anti-fade mounting medium (Vector Labs, CA).
Apoptosis was measured using the CellEvent Caspase-3/7 green detection reagent (ThermoFisher Scientific, United Kingdom) according to manufacturer’s instructions. Pelleted cells (20,000) were suspended in reagent and incubated for 45 min at room temperature. Counterstaining was performed with Hoechst for 1 min after which cells were transferred into a cytofunnel (ThermoFisher Scientific) and spun onto a microscope slide using the Cytospin 4 (ThermoFisher Scientific) at 20,000 g for 8 min. Slides were air-dried and mounted using Mowiol aqueous mounting media. Images were taken with a Nikon Eclipse 80i fluorescent microscope at ×40 magnification. For each treatment, green fluorescent cells were considered positive for activated caspase-3/7. For each slide, the total number of caspase positive cells in ten representative fields of view were recorded and calculated as a percentage of the total cells (positive and negative).
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Standard biochemical serum studies, including measurement of aspartate and alanine aminotransferases (AST, ALT), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase, were performed at the clinical laboratory associated with St. Luc University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium.7 (link) Serum caspase-cleaved and intact cytokeratin 18 (CK18-M65) was used to assess liver cell necrosis and apoptosis (CK18-M65 ELISA kit; TECO medical AG, Sissach, Switzerland).7 (link),18 (link),19 (link)
Fecal DNA extraction, sequencing, and analysis was performed as previously described and data presented in this study have been reanalyzed.7 (link) Raw sequences from ITS2 gene sequencing were registered previously at NCBI under BioProject PRJNA703732 (refer to
The primers used in this work
Targets | Primer sequence (5′–3′) |
---|---|
Forward: 5′-GGGACGCAGACATCGTCATC-3′ | |
Reverse: 5′-TCGTCATCGTCGAAATGGGC-3′ | |
Forward: 5′-TGAAGCGACTGATGTCCCTG-3′ | |
Reverse: 5′-CAAAGATGGTCACGGTCTGC-3′ | |
Forward: 5′-CCTGGTTCATCCAGTCGCTT-3′ | |
Reverse: 5′-TCTGTTGCCACCTTTCGGTT-3′ | |
Forward: 5′-GTGAAGTCAACATGCCTGCC-3′ | |
Reverse: 5′-ACAGCCTGCAGCTTTGTTTC-3′ |
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More about "Caspase"
These enzymes, also known as cysteine-dependent aspartate-directed proteases, are involved in the cleavage of key cellular proteins, triggering a cascade of events that lead to cell dismantling and removal.
Caspases are classified into initiator (e.g., caspase-8, -9) and effector (e.g., caspase-3, -6, -7) subtypes based on their function in the apoptotic pathway.
Dysregulation of caspase activity has been implicated in a wide range of diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, autoimmune conditions, and cancer.
Understanding the role of caspases in these pathological processes is crucial for developing targeted therapies.
Researchers can utilize various caspase assays, such as the Caspase-Glo 3/7 Assay, Apo-ONE® Homogeneous Caspase-3/7 Assay, and CellEvent Caspase-3/7 Green Detection Reagent, to measure caspase activity and monitor apoptosis in cell-based experiments.
PubCompare.ai streamlines caspase research by empowering scientists to quickly identify the most accurate and reproducible caspase protocols from the literature, preprints, and patents using advanced AI-powered tools.
This platform leverages artificial intelligence to help researchers make informed decisions and optimize their caspase studies with confidence, contributing to the understanding of cell death mechanisms and the development of novel therapies.