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Cholinesterases

Cholinesterases are a group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is essential for proper nerve function.
These enzymes play a critical role in regulating cholinergic neurotransmission in the central and peripheral nervous systems.
Cholinesterases are classified into two main types: acetylcholinestrase (AChE), which is primarily found in the synaptic clefts of cholinergic neurons, and butyrylcholinestrase (BChE), which is present in a variety of tissues.
Inhibition of cholinesterase activity can lead to the accumulation of acetylcholine, resulting in overstimulation of cholinergic receptors and potentially causing adverse effects.
Cholinesterase research is crucial for understanding the pathophysiology of neurological disorders and developing effective therapeutic interventions.
The PubCompare.ai tool can help streamline your cholinestrase research by effortlessly locating and comparing the best protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, allowing you to identify the optimal products and experieence the future of scientific discovery.

Most cited protocols related to «Cholinesterases»

1
Developmental Neurotoxicity of Organophosphates
Cited 18 times
All experiments were carried out humanely and with regard for alleviation of suffering, with protocols approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee and in accordance with all federal and state guidelines. Timed-pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats (Charles River, Raleigh, NC) were housed in breeding cages, with a 12-hr light/dark cycle and free access to food and water. On the day of birth, all pups were randomized and redistributed to the dams with a litter size of 9–10 to maintain a standard nutritional status. Because of their poor water solubility, diazinon and parathion (both from Chem Service, West Chester, PA) were dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) to provide consistent absorption (Whitney et al. 1995 (link)) and were injected subcutaneously in a volume of 1 mL/kg once daily on postnatal days (PND)1–4; control animals received equivalent injections of DMSO vehicle, which does not itself produce developmental neurotoxicity (Song et al. 1998 (link); Whitney et al. 1995 (link)). Doses were chosen to lie below the threshold for signs of systemic toxicity as evidenced by impaired viability or reduced weight gain (Slotkin et al. 2006 (link)): 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/kg for diazinon, and 0.02, 0.05, and 0.1 mg/kg of parathion. The highest dose of each agent represents the maximum tolerated dose (Slotkin et al. 2006 (link)). On PND5, one male and one female pup were selected from each of at least six litters in each treatment group and were used for neurochemical evaluations. Animals were decapitated, the cerebellum was removed, and the brainstem and forebrain were separated by a cut made rostral to the thalamus. Tissues were weighed and flash frozen in liquid nitrogen and maintained at −45°C until analyzed. For a supplemental study determining the degree of cholinesterase inhibition immediately after treatment, additional animals were used to obtain samples 2 hr after the last injection of 2 mg/kg of diazinon or vehicle on PND4.
Slotkin T.A., Tate C.A., Ryde I.T., Levin E.D, & Seidler F.J. (2006). Organophosphate Insecticides Target the Serotonergic System in Developing Rat Brain Regions: Disparate Effects of Diazinon and Parathion at Doses Spanning the Threshold for Cholinesterase Inhibition. Environmental Health Perspectives, 114(10), 1542-1546.
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Publication 2006
Animals Birth Brain Stem Cerebellum Cholinesterases Diazinon Females Food Freezing Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees Males Neurotoxicity Syndromes Nitrogen Parathion Patient Holding Stretchers Prosencephalon Psychological Inhibition Rats, Sprague-Dawley Rivers Sulfoxide, Dimethyl Thalamus Tissues
2
Developmental Neurotoxicity Evaluation of Organophosphates
Cited 18 times
All experiments were carried out in accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources 1996 ) as adopted and promulgated by the National Institutes of Health. Timed-pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats (Charles River, Raleigh, NC) were housed in breeding cages, with a 12-hr light/dark cycle and free access to food and water. On the day of birth, all pups were randomized and redistributed to the dams with a litter size of 9–10 to maintain a standard nutritional status; for treatment groups with high pup mortality rates (not used for neuro-chemical analyses), litter sizes were maintained in this range by combining groups of survivors. Chlorpyrifos, diazinon, and parathion (all from Chem Service, West Chester, PA) were dissolved in DMSO to provide consistent absorption (Whitney et al. 1995 (link)) and were injected subcutaneously in a volume of 1 mL/kg once daily on postnatal days (PND) 1–4; control animals received equivalent injections of the DMSO vehicle. For chlorpyrifos, we used daily doses of 1 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg, straddling the threshold for growth retardation and systemic toxicity (Campbell et al. 1997 (link); Whitney et al. 1995 (link)). The lower dose produces neurotoxicity in developing rat brain with only 20% cholinesterase inhibition (Slotkin 1999 (link), 2004 (link); Song et al. 1997 (link); Whitney et al. 1995 (link)), well below the 70% threshold necessary for symptoms of cholinergic hyperstimulation (Clegg and van Gemert 1999 ). This treatment thus resembles the nonsymptomatic exposures reported in pregnant women (De Peyster et al. 1993 (link)) and is within the range of expected fetal and childhood exposures after routine home application or in agricultural communities (Gurunathan et al. 1998 (link); Ostrea et al. 2002 (link)). For diazinon and parathion, prior information on systemic toxicity using this vehicle and route was not available, so we evaluated a wider range of doses: 0.05–5 mg/kg for diazinon and 0.01–5 mg/kg for parathion. As shown in “Results,” just as for chlorpyrifos, the diazinon and parathion doses ranged from those with no discernible effect on growth or viability to those lying above the threshold for overt toxicity.
On PND5, one male and one female pup were selected from each of six litters in each treatment group and were used for neuro-chemical evaluations. Animals were decapitated, the cerebellum was removed, and the brainstem and forebrain were separated by a cut made rostral to the thalamus. Tissues were weighed, flash-frozen in liquid nitrogen, and maintained at −45°C until analysis.
Slotkin T.A., Levin E.D, & Seidler F.J. (2006). Comparative Developmental Neurotoxicity of Organophosphate Insecticides: Effects on Brain Development Are Separable from Systemic Toxicity. Environmental Health Perspectives, 114(5), 746-751.
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Publication 2006
Animals Animals, Laboratory Birth Brain Brain Stem Care, Prenatal Cerebellum Chlorpyrifos Cholinergic Agents Cholinesterases Diazinon Females Food Freezing Males Neurotoxicity Syndromes Nitrogen Ostrea Parathion Patient Holding Stretchers Pregnant Women Prosencephalon Psychological Inhibition Rats, Sprague-Dawley Rivers Sulfoxide, Dimethyl Survivors Thalamus Tissues
3
Metabolic and Liver Disease Evaluation
Cited 12 times
Venous blood samples were taken in the morning after a 12-h overnight fast. Laboratory evaluations in all patients included a blood cell count and measurement of AST, ALT, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), cholinesterase (ChE), total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, albumin, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), immunoreactive insulin (IRI), and ferritin. These parameters were measured using standard clinical chemistry techniques. BMI was also calculated; obesity was defined as BMI > 25, according to the criteria of the Japan Society for the Study of Obesity [28 ]. Patients were assigned a diagnosis of DM if they had documented use of oral hypoglycemic medication, a random glucose level > 200 mg/dL, or FPG > 126 mg/dL [29 (link)]. Hypertension was defined as a systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mmHg or a diastolic blood pressure ≥ 85 mmHg or by the use of antihypertensive agents. Dyslipidemia was defined as serum concentrations of triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dL or HDL cholesterol < 40 mg/dL and < 50 mg/dL for men and women, respectively, or by the use of specific medication [30 (link)]. Based on a review of the literature, the following scores were calculated for each patient: FIB4 [22 (link)], AAR, AST to platelet ratio index (APRI) [31 (link)], age-platelet index (AP index) [32 (link)], BARD score [19 (link)], N score [20 (link)], and NFS [13 (link)]. The values for the upper limit of normal were set according to the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry: AST 35 U/L for men, 30 U/L for women, and were comparable to the values used in other analyses. The specific formulae used to determine these scores are shown in Table 1.
Sumida Y., Yoneda M., Hyogo H., Itoh Y., Ono M., Fujii H., Eguchi Y., Suzuki Y., Aoki N., Kanemasa K., Fujita K., Chayama K., Saibara T., Kawada N., Fujimoto K., Kohgo Y., Yoshikawa T, & Okanoue T. (2012). Validation of the FIB4 index in a Japanese nonalcoholic fatty liver disease population. BMC Gastroenterology, 12, 2.
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Publication 2012
Albumins Antihypertensive Agents Blood Cell Count Blood Platelets Cholesterol Cholinesterases Diagnosis Dyslipidemias Ferritin gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase Glucose High Blood Pressures High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Hypoglycemic Agents Insulin Obesity Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Plasma Pressure, Diastolic Serum Systolic Pressure Triglycerides Veins Woman
4
Neurobehavioral Effects of Early-Life Chlorpyrifos Exposure
Cited 6 times
All experiments were carried out in accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources 1996 ) as adopted and promulgated by the National Institutes of Health. Timed-pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats (Charles River, Raleigh, NC) were housed in breeding cages, with a 12-hr light/dark cycle and free access to food and water. On the day of birth, all pups were randomized and redistributed to the dams with a litter size of 10 to maintain a standard nutritional status. Randomization within the respective treatment groups was repeated at intervals of several days; in addition, dams were rotated among litters to distribute any maternal caretaking differences randomly across litters and treatment groups. CPF (Chem Service, West Chester, PA) was dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide to provide consistent absorption (Whitney et al. 1995 (link)) and was injected subcutaneously at a dose of 1 mg/kg in a volume of 1 mL/kg once daily on PND1–4; control animals received equivalent injections of the dimethylsulfoxide vehicle. This regimen has been shown previously to produce neurotoxicity in developing rat brain, including lasting alterations in biomarkers of 5HT synaptic function, without eliciting growth retardation or any other signs of systemic toxicity (Aldridge et al. 2003 (link), 2004 (link)). Indeed, neonatal brain cholinesterase inhibition is only about 25% (Song et al. 1997 (link)), well below the 70% threshold necessary for symptoms of cholinergic hyperstimulation (Clegg and van Gemert 1999a ), thus resembling the nonsymptomatic exposures reported in pregnant women (De Peyster et al. 1993 (link)). Moreover, the dose used here is well within the range of typical fetal and childhood exposures after routine application (Gurunathan et al. 1998 (link); Ostrea et al. 2002 (link)). Animals were weaned on PND21.
All behavioral testing was carried out during the dark phase, the most active period, but in lighted environments so that the rats could access the visual cues necessary to perform the tasks. Tests were performed on nine rats per sex per treatment group (36 animals in total), using no more than one male and one female from each litter. Beginning on PND47, the light/dark cycle was shifted by 6 hr (lights on at 0000 hr), and assessments were begun with the elevated plus maze (PND52–53) and the chocolate milk consumption test (PND54). On PND57, the light/dark cycle was shifted an additional 6 hr (lights on at 1800 hr), and radial-arm maze training was conducted during a 5-week period beginning on PND64. Ketanserin challenges in the radial-arm maze were undertaken in weeks 16–17. This sequence was designed to permit multiple behavioral tests to be conducted without significant carryover of effects from one test to the next (Icenogle et al. 2004 (link); Levin et al. 2001 (link), 2002 (link); Slotkin et al. 1999 (link)). Tests were videotaped and scored by a trained observer who was blinded to the animal treatments.
Aldridge J.E., Levin E.D., Seidler F.J, & Slotkin T.A. (2005). Developmental Exposure of Rats to Chlorpyrifos Leads to Behavioral Alterations in Adulthood, Involving Serotonergic Mechanisms and Resembling Animal Models of Depression. Environmental Health Perspectives, 113(5), 527-531.
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Publication 2005
Animals Animals, Laboratory Behavior Test Biological Markers Birth Brain Chocolate Cholinergic Agents Cholinesterases Elevated Plus Maze Test Females Fetus Food Infant, Newborn Ketanserin Light Males MAZE protocol Milk Mothers Neurotoxicity Syndromes Ostrea Pregnant Women Psychological Inhibition Rats, Sprague-Dawley Rattus norvegicus Rivers Sulfoxide, Dimethyl Treatment Protocols
5
Parathion Exposure in Rat Offspring
Cited 5 times
All experiments were carried out humanely and with regard for alleviation of suffering, following protocols approved by the Duke University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee and in accordance with all federal and state guidelines. Timed-pregnant Sprague–Dawley rats (Charles River, Raleigh, NC) were housed in breeding cages, with a 12 hr light–dark cycle and free access to water and food (LabDiet 5001; PMI Nutrition, St. Louis, MO). On the day after birth, all pups were randomized and redistributed to the dams with a litter size of 10 (5 males, 5 females) to maintain a standard nutritional status. Parathion (99.2% purity; Chem Service, West Chester, PA) was dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide to provide consistent absorption (Slotkin et al. 2006a (link), 2006b (link); Whitney et al. 1995 (link)) and was injected subcutaneously in a volume of 1 mL/kg once daily on postnatal days (PNDs) 1–4; control animals received equivalent injections of dimethylsulfoxide vehicle. Doses of 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg/day were chosen because they straddle the threshold for barely detectable cholinesterase inhibition and the first signs of reduced weight gain or impaired viability (Slotkin et al. 2006a (link), 2006b (link)). Brain cholinesterase inhibition 24 hr after the last dose of 0.1 mg/kg parathion is reduced 5–10%, well below the 70% threshold necessary for symptoms of cholinergic hyper-stimulation (Clegg and van Gemert 1999 ). Randomization of pup litter assignments within treatment groups was repeated at intervals of several days up until weaning, and dams were rotated among litters to distribute any maternal caretaking differences randomly across litters and treatment groups. Offspring were weaned on PND21.
For the body weight and serum measurements, there were 12 rats per treatment group for each sex, with no more than one male and one female derived from a given litter in each group. Individual body weights were recorded weekly; beginning immediately after weaning, animals were handled every few days to accustom them to removal from the cage and contact with investigators. On PND105 (postnatal week 15) and continuing through the end of the study (PND154; postnatal week 22), half the rats were switched to a high-fat diet (OpenSource D12330; Research Diets Inc., New Brunswick, NJ), providing 58% of total calories as fat; this starting point for dietary manipulation was chosen so that we could draw parallels with our earlier work on diazinon (Roegge et al. 2008 (link)). The remaining rats continued on the standard LabDiet 5001 diet, which provides 13.5% of total calories as fat. Food consumption was recorded twice weekly. During the 22nd postnatal week, rats were restrained in a polyfilm restraint cone (Harvard Apparatus, Holliston, MA), and blood was sampled by saphenous venipuncture into serum separator tubes (capiject T-MG; Terumo, Elkton, MD). Samples were allowed to clot for 30 min and were sedimented for collection of serum, which was then stored at −80°C. A second whole blood sample was hemolyzed in distilled water and sodium azide for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measurement. Food was then removed from the cage overnight, and a third sample was obtained with rats in the fasted state (12–14 hr without food).
Lassiter T.L., Ryde I.T., MacKillop E.A., Brown K.K., Levin E.D., Seidler F.J, & Slotkin T.A. (2008). Exposure of Neonatal Rats to Parathion Elicits Sex-Selective Reprogramming of Metabolism and Alters the Response to a High-Fat Diet in Adulthood. Environmental Health Perspectives, 116(11), 1456-1462.
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Publication 2008
Animals Birth BLOOD Body Weight Brain Cholinergic Agents cholinesterase 1 Cholinesterases Clotrimazole Diazinon Diet Diet, High-Fat Females Food Hemoglobin, Glycosylated Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees Males Mothers Parathion Psychological Inhibition Rats, Sprague-Dawley Rattus norvegicus Retinal Cone Rivers Serum Sodium Azide Sulfoxide, Dimethyl Therapy, Diet Venipuncture

Most recents protocols related to «Cholinesterases»

1
Secondary Analysis of NEUPRODEX Trial
This is a secondary analysis of the prospective, randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled NEUPRODEX trial that took place between July 2014 and July 20188 . The primary outcome of this study was the postoperative incidence of delirium as measured by CAM-ICU (Confusion Assessment Method for the intensive care unit) or CAM (Confusion Assessment Method for normal wards) twice daily until the fifth postoperative day. The trial was approved by the regional ethics committee of Berlin, Germany (Landesamt für Gesundheit und Soziales, Approval Number 13/0491-EK 11) and was registered in the EU clinical trials register (2013–000,823-15) and the American National Institute of Health register (NCT02096068 on 26/03/2014). Inclusion and exclusion criteria are stated in our recent publication about the primary outcome as well as randomization process8 . After written informed consent, the elderly patients were randomly assigned to dexmedetomidine or placebo group. The requirement for inclusion in this secondary analysis was the existence of a complete series of measurements of perioperative AChE and BChE activity. Patients with incomplete values were not included.
All patients received general anaesthesia induced with propofol and were maintained with either propofol or sevoflorane. All measures and procedures were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Our hospital pharmacy prepared syringes with dexmedetomidine or placebo, blinding both physicians and investigators. Starting ten minutes after induction, patients received either 0.7 µg/kg adjusted body weight (ABW)/h continuously or an equivalent volume of normal saline. The dose was reduced to 0.4 µg/kg ABW/h 30 min before the end of surgery. After arrival at the ICU, the dose was further reduced, but could be increased again to achieve a RASS score between 0 and − 1. During surgery, bradycardia as a side effect of dexmedetomidine was treated either by administration of orciprenaline or dose reduction of the syringe driver, containing either dexmedetomidine or placebo.
For analysis, we classified patients according to anticholinergic burden of their permanent medication taken at home. The Anticholinergic Drug Scale (ADS) developed by Carnahan and his colleagues59 (link) with originally four items was dichotomized into 0 (no preoperative anticholinergic burden) and 1 (level of anticholinergic burden ≥ 1) to evaluate whether possible alterations of cholinesterase activity by these medications were balanced between groups.
Jacob Y., Schneider B., Spies C., Heinrich M., von Haefen C., Kho W., Pohrt A, & Müller A. (2023). In a secondary analysis from a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trial Dexmedetomidine blocks cholinergic dysregulation in delirium pathogenesis in patients with major surgery. Scientific Reports, 13, 3971.
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Publication 2023
Aged Anticholinergic Agents Body Weight Cholinesterases Dexmedetomidine Drug Tapering Emergence Delirium General Anesthesia Metaproterenol Normal Saline Operative Surgical Procedures Pain Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Physicians Placebos Propofol ras Oncogene Regional Ethics Committees Syringes
2
Baseline Factors Influencing Cholinesterase
The following baseline measurements were analysed: age, sex, Body Mass Index (BMI), American Society of Anaesthesiology Physical Score (ASA PS), quantity of preoperative long-term agents taken by the patient, polypharmacy defined as more than five preoperative long-term agents, Anti-cholinergic Drug Scale (ADS) of the long-term agents, type of surgery, incision-suture time, applied volume of placebo or dexmedetomidine.
Complementary to the baseline characteristics, opioid, anaesthetic, and red blood cell transfusion requirements were recorded from the intraoperative data as potential influencing factors on cholinesterase activities.
Jacob Y., Schneider B., Spies C., Heinrich M., von Haefen C., Kho W., Pohrt A, & Müller A. (2023). In a secondary analysis from a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trial Dexmedetomidine blocks cholinergic dysregulation in delirium pathogenesis in patients with major surgery. Scientific Reports, 13, 3971.
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Publication 2023
Action Potentials Anesthetics Anticholinergic Agents Cholinesterases Dexmedetomidine Index, Body Mass Operative Surgical Procedures Opioids Patients Physical Examination Placebos Polypharmacy Red Blood Cell Transfusion Sutures
3
Cholinesterase Activity in Postoperative Delirium
Cholinesterase activities were measured in all the whole blood samples drawn from arterial lines or venepuncture at three different points in time: preoperatively (on the evening before surgery or right before anaesthesia induction), 15 min after surgery, and the next morning after surgery at 8 a.m. (± 1 h). We analysed the samples with the portable point-of-care photometry test kit and machine “ChE check mobile” according to the instructions of the manufacture (SECURETEC, Neubiberg, Germany). This test kit applies a modified Ellmann reaction according to Worek et al. to determine the activity of AChE (normalized to haemoglobin U/g Hb) and BChE (U/l). The testing was performed immediately after collecting the blood sample.
In order to compare cholinesterase activities between delirium and no delirium, we first adjusted the delirium incidence for our observation period. Patients were classified as delirium positive if they were positively detected with the CAM/CAM-ICU at least once until the first postoperative day.
Jacob Y., Schneider B., Spies C., Heinrich M., von Haefen C., Kho W., Pohrt A, & Müller A. (2023). In a secondary analysis from a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trial Dexmedetomidine blocks cholinergic dysregulation in delirium pathogenesis in patients with major surgery. Scientific Reports, 13, 3971.
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Publication 2023
Anesthesia Arterial Lines BLOOD Cholinesterases Delirium Operative Surgical Procedures Pain Patients Photometry Point-of-Care Testing Venipuncture
4
Dexmedetomidine Surgical Outcomes Analysis
Baseline and intraoperative characteristics were expressed as median and lower and upper quartile, or frequencies with percentages. Descriptive statistics were computed for the dexmedetomidine group and the placebo group, heterogeneity between groups was assessed using Chi2 tests and Mann–Whitney U tests. Changes in cholinesterase activities over time within the group were assessed using Friedman rank analysis and the differences at each time point were compared using Mann–Whitney U tests. All testing was two-sided using a significance level of 0.05 to indicate statistical significance. Analyses were conducted with SPSS 25 [IBM SPSS Statistics® Version 25, IBM Germany, Ehningen, Germany] for Macintosh.
Jacob Y., Schneider B., Spies C., Heinrich M., von Haefen C., Kho W., Pohrt A, & Müller A. (2023). In a secondary analysis from a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trial Dexmedetomidine blocks cholinergic dysregulation in delirium pathogenesis in patients with major surgery. Scientific Reports, 13, 3971.
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Publication 2023
Cholinesterases Dexmedetomidine Genetic Heterogeneity Placebos
5
Post-COVID-19 Symptoms and Biomarkers
Data collected included: age, sex, presence of post-COVID-19 conditions (fatigue, dyspnea, cough/sputum, decline in cognitive dysfunction/concentration, headache, diarrhea, taste disorder, olfactory disorder, hair loss, and depression), improvement of such symptoms in 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the onset; total protein, albumin (ALB), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT), cholinesterase (ChE), lipase, uric acid, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, blood glucose, Na, Cl, K, Ca, P, Mg, Zn, Cu (determined as serum levels respectively); C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell (WBC), hemoglobin, platelet (PLT), vitamin B2, vitamin B12, free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (determined as blood levels respectively); use of zinc acetate hydrate, use of mecobalamin, use of mecobalamin injections at the first visit for post-COVID-19 conditions.
Matsuoka N., Mizutani T, & Kawakami K. (2023). Symptom Profile of Patients With Post-COVID-19 Conditions and Influencing Factors for Recovery. Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, 15(2), 116-126.
Publication 2023
Albumins Alkaline Phosphatase Alopecia Aspartate Transaminase BLOOD Blood Glucose Blood Platelets Cholesterol Cholinesterases Cobalamins Cough C Reactive Protein D-Alanine Transaminase Diarrhea Disorders, Cognitive Dyspnea Fatigue gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase Glomerular Filtration Rate Headache Hemoglobin Leukocytes Lipase Low-Density Lipoproteins mecobalamin Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome Proteins Riboflavin Sense of Smell Serum Sputum Taste Disorders Thyrotropin Thyroxine Triglycerides Uric Acid Zinc Acetate

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1
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Acetylthiocholine iodide is a chemical compound used as a substrate in enzymatic assays. It is commonly employed in the measurement of the activity of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase.
2
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More about "Cholinesterases"

Cholinesterases are a family of enzymes that play a crucial role in regulating cholinergic neurotransmission in the central and peripheral nervous systems.
These enzymes, also known as AChE (acetylcholinesterase) and BChE (butyrylcholinesterase), catalyze the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is essential for proper nerve function.
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is primarily found in the synaptic clefts of cholinergic neurons, while butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is present in a variety of tissues.
The inhibition of cholinesterase activity can lead to the accumulation of acetylcholine, resulting in overstimulation of cholinergic receptors and potentially causing adverse effects.
Cholinesterase research is crucial for understanding the pathophysiology of neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, and developing effective therapeutic interventions.
The PubCompare.ai tool can streamline your cholinesterase research by effortlessly locating and comparing the best protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, allowing you to identify the optimal products and experience the future of scientific discovery.
Acetylthiocholine iodide, Cobas c311, XE-5000 hematology analyzer, ADVIA Centaur XPT, ADVIA Chemistry XPT, ADVIA Chemistry XPT® LAC Assay, AU5400 automatic biochemical analyzer, 5,5′-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid), and Automatic biochemical analyzer are all relevant terms and tools that can be utilized in cholinesterase research.
Bovine serum albumin is a common reagent used in various biochemical assays, including those involving cholinesterases.
Remember, the inhibition of cholinesterase activity can have significant impacts on cholinergic neurotransmission, and understanding the role of these enzymes is crucial for advancing research in neurological disorders and developing effective therapeutic interventions.
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