> Chemicals & Drugs > Amino Acid > Dactinomycin

Dactinomycin

Q: What are the different uses of Dactinomycin?

Dactinomycin is a versatile antineoplastic antibiotic that is used to treat a variety of cancers, including Wilms' tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, and Ewing's sarcoma. It works by intercalating with DNA and inhibiting RNA synthesis and cell division, making it effective against rapidly dividing cancer cells.

Dactinomycin is a potent antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces species.
It intercalates with DNA, inhibiting RNA synthesis and cell division.
Dactinomycin is used to treat various cancers, including Wilms' tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, and Ewing's sarcoma.
Researchers can leverage PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform to streamline their Dactinomycin research, easily locating protocols from literature, pre-prints, and pattens, and identifying the best products and procedures for their experiments.
This tool can help optimise results and enhance reproducibility in Dactinomycin studies.

Most cited protocols related to «Dactinomycin»

cDNA Preparation and Microarray Normalization

Cited 165 times

cDNA for hybridization was prepared using random- or random plus oligo-dT- priming with the addition of actinomycin D during reverse transcription30 (link). The hybridization data were normalized and segmented using the Bioconductor package ‘tilingArray’16 (link). Segments were then manually curated. Further details can be found in Methods and Supplementary Information.

Xu Z., Wei W., Gagneur J., Perocchi F., Clauder-Münster S., Camblong J., Guffanti E., Stutz F., Huber W, & Steinmetz L.M. (2009). Bidirectional promoters generate pervasive transcription in yeast. Nature, 457(7232), 1033-1037.

Publication 2009

Acid Hybridizations, Nucleic Dactinomycin DNA, Complementary oligo (dT)

Profiling mRNA Stability in IGF2BP-Depleted Cells

Cited 27 times

HepG2 cells with stably expressed shRNAs against IGF2BPs or shNS were seeded into 6-well plates to get 50% confluency after 24 hours. Cells were treated with 5 μg/ml actinomycin D and collected at indicated time points. The total RNA was extracted by miRNeasy Kit (Qiagen) and analyzed by RT-PCR and RNA-seq. For RNA sequencing, equal amount of ERCC RNA spike-in control (Thermo Fisher Scientific) was added to the total RNA samples as internal controls before library construction. Sequencing libraries were prepared using NEBNext Ultra Directional RNA Library Prep Kit. RNA stability profiling was generated from two biological replicates.
The turnover rate and half-life of mRNA was estimated according to previously published paper⁴⁴. Since actinomycin D treatment results in transcription stalling, the change of mRNA concentration at a given time (dC/dt) is proportional to the constant of mRNA decay (K_decay) and mRNA concentration (C), leading to following equation:

dC / dt = - k_{decay} C

Thus the mRNA degradation rate K_decay was estimated by:

Ln (C / C_{0}) = - k_{decay} t

To calculate the mRNA half-life (t_1/2), when 50% of mRNA is decayed (ie. C/C₀=1/2), the equation was:

Ln (1 / 2) = - k_{decay} t_{1 / 2}

From where:

t_{1 / 2} = ln 2 / k_{decay}

Huang H., Weng H., Sun W., Qin X., Shi H., Wu H., Zhao B.S., Mesquita A., Liu C., Yuan C.L., Hu Y.C., Hüttelmaier S., Skibbe J.R., Su R., Deng X., Dong L., Sun M., Li C., Nachtergaele S., Wang Y., Hu C., Ferchen K., Greis K.D., Jiang X., Wei M., Qu L., Guan J.L., He C., Yang J, & Chen J. (2018). Recognition of RNA N6-methyladenosine by IGF2BP Proteins Enhances mRNA Stability and Translation. Nature cell biology, 20(3), 285-295.

Publication 2018

Biopharmaceuticals cDNA Library Cells Dactinomycin Hep G2 Cells mRNA Decay mRNA Degradation Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction RNA, Messenger RNA-Seq Short Hairpin RNA Transcription, Genetic

Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Actinomycin D

Cited 26 times

The HeLa and A431 cell lines were maintained in Eagle's Minimum Essential Medium supplemented with 10% FBS and 1% antibiotics (100 U/mL penicillin, 100 µg/mL streptomycin) and 250 µg/mL fungizone. The cells were grown at 37°C in a humidified incubator set at 5% CO₂. Cells were subcultured by treating them with trypsin-EDTA (0.25% trypsin containing 0.01% EDTA) for 10 minutes.
Cytotoxicity was measured using the XTT cell proliferation Kit II and MPBA. The method described by Zheng et al. [8 (link)] was used to perform the assay. Both cell lines were seeded in a 96-well microtitre plate at a concentration of 1 × 10⁵ cells/mL. Cells were allowed to attach for 24 hrs at 37°C and 5% CO₂. The cells were exposed to the positive drug control Actinomycin D (Sigma-Aldrich, South Africa) with concentrations ranging between 0.5 µg/mL and 0.002 µg/mL. The microtitre plate was incubated for further 72 hrs and thereafter 50 µL XTT was added to a final concentration of 0.3 mg/mL to one set of plates and 20 µL PrestoBlue was added to another set of plates. The plates were incubated for further 2 hrs where after the absorbance of the colour complex was read at 490 nm with a reference wavelength set at 690 nm for XTT and at 570 nm with a reference wavelength set at 600 nm for PrestoBlue, using a BIO-TEK Power-Wave XS multiwell plate reader.

Lall N., Henley-Smith C.J., De Canha M.N., Oosthuizen C.B, & Berrington D. (2013). Viability Reagent, PrestoBlue, in Comparison with Other Available Reagents, Utilized in Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Assays. International Journal of Microbiology, 2013, 420601.

Publication 2013

Antibiotics Biological Assay Cell Lines Cell Proliferation Cells Cytotoxin Dactinomycin Edetic Acid Fungizone HeLa Cells Penicillins Streptomycin Trypsin

Evaluating Reference Gene Stability in Hepatocyte-Like Cells

Cited 22 times

A more detailed description of materials and methods used can be found in File S1.
Briefly, the expression stability of 22 widely used RG (Table S2 in File S1) was investigated across a total of 32 experimental settings with hepatocyte-like cell types, including freshly isolated primary human hepatocytes [5] (link) at defined time points in cell culture (subgroup “primary hepatocytes”, PH), and HepG2 and Huh-7.5 cells treated with Chloroquine, Actinomycin D (ActD) [6] (link), Trichostatin A [7] (link) and DMSO - commonly used drugs with significantly differing effects in tissue culture - for different durations without passaging (subgroup “drug and density”, DD), or cultured for 14 days under a variety of conditions altering cell maturity status (subgroup “culture conditions”, CC) [8] (link), [9] (link) (all experimental settings listed in Table S1 in File S1). After RNA isolation and RT-qPCR, individual data sets of the samples, each containing Cycle Threshold (CT) values for all reference genes (primer details in Table S2 in File S1) and some exemplary genes of interest (target genes, TG; Table S3 in File S1) were further analysed in silico.
Similar to previous examinations of non-hepatic cell types [2] (link), [3] (link), the geNorm [10] (link), Bestkeeper [11] (link), and Normfinder [4] (link) algorithms were used to evaluate and rank candidate RG.

Riedel G., Rüdrich U., Fekete-Drimusz N., Manns M.P., Vondran F.W, & Bock M. (2014). An Extended ΔCT-Method Facilitating Normalisation with Multiple Reference Genes Suited for Quantitative RT-PCR Analyses of Human Hepatocyte-Like Cells. PLoS ONE, 9(3), e93031.

Publication 2014

Cell Culture Techniques Cells Chloroquine Dactinomycin Genes Hepatocyte Homo sapiens isolation Oligonucleotide Primers Pharmaceutical Preparations Physical Examination Sulfoxide, Dimethyl Tissues trichostatin A

Investigating mRNA Stability via YTHDF2 Knockdown

Cited 20 times

Two 10 cm plates of HeLa cells were transfected with YTHDF2 siRNA or control siRNA at 30% confluency. After 6 hours, each 10 cm plate was re-seeded into three 6 cm plates, and each plate was controlled to afford the same amount of cells. After 48 hours, actinomycin D was added to 5 µg/mL at 6 hours, 3 hours, and 0 hours before tripsinization collection. The total RNA was purified by RNeasy kit (QIAGEN). Before construction of the library with Tru-seq mRNA sample preparation kit (Illumina), ERCC RNA spike-in control (ambion) was added to each sample (0.1 µL per sample). Two biological replicates were generated: (1) in replicate 1, RNA spike-in control was added proportional to cell numbers; (2) in replicate 2, RNA spike-in control was added proportional to total RNA. Although data obtained from the two sets showed systematic shift, they led to consistent conclusion that YTHDF2 knockdown leads to prolonged lifetime of its RNA targets (Extended Data Fig. 9).

Wang X., Lu Z., Gomez A., Hon G.C., Yue Y., Han D., Fu Y., Parisien M., Dai Q., Jia G., Ren B., Pan T, & He C. (2013). m6A-dependent regulation of messenger RNA stability. Nature, 505(7481), 117-120.

Publication 2013

Biopharmaceuticals cDNA Library Dactinomycin DNA Replication HeLa Cells RNA, Messenger RNA, Small Interfering

Most recents protocols related to «Dactinomycin»

Treatment of Pediatric Wilms Tumor

Not available on PMC !

Example 9

A pediatric patient with Stage IV Wilms tumor is treated with dactinomycin, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide and vincristine for 65 weeks. Doses of the drugs are as follows: dactinomycin (15 mcg/kg/d [IV]), vincristine (1.5 mg/m 2 wk [IV)), Adriamycin (doxorubicin 20 mg/m2/d [IV]), and cyclophosphamide (10 mg/kg/d [IV]). Dactinomycin courses are given postoperatively and at 13, 26, 39, 52, and 65 weeks. Vincristine is given on days 1 and 8 of each Adriamycin course. Adriamycin is given for three daily doses at 6, 19, 32, 45, and 58 weeks. Cyclophosphamide is given for three daily doses during each Adriamycin and each dactinomycin course except the postoperative dactinomycin course. During each administration of dactinomycin and vincristine a dose of 0.2 cc/kg of DDFPe is administered while the patient breathes supplemental oxygen. *D'angio, Giulio J., et al. “Treatment of Wilms' tumor. Results of the third national Wilms' tumor study.” Cancer 64.2 (1989): 349-360.

US11857627B2. Fractionated radiotherapy and chemotherapy with an oxygen therapeutic (2024-01-02). NuvOx Pharma LLC [US]. Inventors: Evan C. Unger [US].

Patent 2024

Adriamycin Cyclophosphamide Dactinomycin Doxorubicin Malignant Neoplasms Nephroblastoma Oxygen Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Pharmacotherapy Radiotherapy Vincristine

Ovarian Cancer Dactinomycin and DDFPe Protocol

Not available on PMC !

Example 5

An adult patient with germ cell ovarian cancer is treated with dactinomycin 500 mcg/day for 5 day: every 4 weeks. Each vial of dactinomycin contains 0.5 mg (500 meg) of dactinomycin and 20 mg of mannitol and is administered IV to the patient. DDFPe (0.2 cc/kg, 2% w/vol DDFP) is infused as an IV bolus concomitantly with each administration of dactinomycin. The patient breathes carbogen for 30 minutes during and after the infusion. Increased levels of oxygen in the tumor tissue are attained, enhancing the activity of the drug.

US11857627B2. Fractionated radiotherapy and chemotherapy with an oxygen therapeutic (2024-01-02). NuvOx Pharma LLC [US]. Inventors: Evan C. Unger [US].

Patent 2024

Adult carbogen Dactinomycin Mannitol Neoplasms Ovarian Germ Cell Cancer Oxygen Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Pharmacotherapy Radiotherapy Therapeutics Tissues

Characterizing RNA Dynamics in MCF-7 Cells

The nucleus and cytoplasmic RNAs in MCF-7 cells were isolated by using the PARIS™ Kit (Life Technologies, Austin, Texas, USA). The total RNAs from BC cells were digested for 40 min at 3 U/μg at 37 °C using RNase R (Epicenter Biotechnologies, Madison, WI, USA). The BC cells were reacted for 24 h with 4 μg/ mL of Act D (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA, USA). Then, the expression levels of the target genes were measured using qRT-PCR.

Wang B., Chen H., Deng Y., Chen H., Xing L., Guo Y., Wang M, & Chen J. (2023). CircDNAJC11 interacts with TAF15 to promote breast cancer progression via enhancing MAPK6 expression and activating the MAPK signaling pathway. Journal of Translational Medicine, 21, 186.

Publication 2023

austin Cell Nucleus Cells Cytoplasm Dactinomycin Gene Expression MCF-7 Cells ribonuclease R RNA

ATP Regulation of FGF21 in Muscle

To determine the effect of ATP (Adenosine 5′-triphosphate, Sigma-Aldrich Corp, St. Louis, MO, USA) on either FGF21 protein or mRNA levels, isolated fiber cultures or FDB muscles were previously serum-starved for 2 h (DMEM culture medium without horse serum). Subsequently, muscles were stimulated with exogenous ATP at selected concentrations (0.1-100 µM), for different times (30-360 min). When blockers or inhibitors were used, they were incubated 30 min before and during the stimulation with ATP. Evaluation of changes in mRNA and protein levels in response to ATP was performed in the presence of 100 μM Suramin (Sigma-Aldrich Corp, St. Louis, MO, USA), 25 μM Nifedipine (Sigma-Aldrich Corp, St. Louis, MO, USA), 100 nM Rapamycin (Sigma-Aldrich Corp, St. Louis, MO, USA), 50 μM LY294002 (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, EEUU), 10 μM Akt VIII (Sigma-Aldrich Corp, St. Louis, MO, USA) 30 μM Cycloheximide (Sigma-Aldrich Corp, St. Louis, MO, USA) or 0.5 μM actinomycin-D (Sigma-Aldrich Corp, St. Louis, MO, USA).

Arias-Calderón M., Casas M., Balanta-Melo J., Morales-Jiménez C., Hernández N., Llanos P., Jaimovich E, & Buvinic S. (2023). Fibroblast growth factor 21 is expressed and secreted from skeletal muscle following electrical stimulation via extracellular ATP activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 14, 1059020.

Publication 2023

Adenosine Triphosphate Culture Media Cycloheximide Dactinomycin Equus caballus fibroblast growth factor 21 Fibrosis inhibitors LY 294002 Muscle Tissue Nifedipine Proteins RNA, Messenger Serum Sirolimus Suramin

Assessing RNA Stability in Ovarian Cells

One half of an ovary was treated with 50 μg/mL actinomycin D (ActD, SBR00013, Sigma–Aldrich, Missouri, USA) for transcription inhibition. Samples were collected at 0 and 120 min after transcription inhibition. The RNA stabilities of Msh5 and Six6os1 were determined by analysing total RNA without gDNA.

Sun L., Lv Z., Chen X., Wang C., Lv P., Yan L., Tian S., Xie X., Yao X., Liu J., Wang Z., Luo H., Cui S, & Liu J. (2023). SRSF1 regulates primordial follicle formation and number determination during meiotic prophase I. BMC Biology, 21, 49.

Publication 2023

Dactinomycin MSH5 protein, human Ovary Psychological Inhibition Transcription, Genetic

Top products related to «Dactinomycin»

Actinomycin d by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Macao, Japan, Sao Tome and Principe, France, Senegal

Actinomycin D is a laboratory-grade chemical compound used in various research applications. It is a polypeptide antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces parvullus. Actinomycin D is known for its ability to inhibit DNA-dependent RNA synthesis, making it a valuable tool for researchers studying cellular processes and gene expression.

Cycloheximide (chx) by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Italy, Sao Tome and Principe, France, Macao, Japan, Spain, Canada, Switzerland, India, Israel, Brazil, Poland, Portugal, Australia, Morocco, Sweden, Austria, Senegal, Belgium

Cycloheximide is a laboratory reagent commonly used as a protein synthesis inhibitor. It functions by blocking translational elongation in eukaryotic cells, thereby inhibiting the production of new proteins. This compound is often utilized in research applications to study cellular processes and mechanisms related to protein synthesis.

Rnase r by Illumina

Sourced in United States, China, Japan, India, Germany, Sweden

RNase R is a lab equipment product designed for the selective digestion of linear RNA molecules. Its core function is to remove unwanted linear RNA from samples, allowing for the isolation and purification of circular RNA or other desired RNA species.

Trizol reagent by Thermo Fisher Scientific

Sourced in United States, China, Japan, Germany, United Kingdom, Canada, France, Italy, Australia, Spain, Switzerland, Netherlands, Belgium, Lithuania, Denmark, Singapore, New Zealand, India, Brazil, Argentina, Sweden, Norway, Austria, Poland, Finland, Israel, Hong Kong, Cameroon, Sao Tome and Principe, Macao, Taiwan, Province of China, Thailand

TRIzol reagent is a monophasic solution of phenol, guanidine isothiocyanate, and other proprietary components designed for the isolation of total RNA, DNA, and proteins from a variety of biological samples. The reagent maintains the integrity of the RNA while disrupting cells and dissolving cell components.

Fetal bovine serum (fbs) by Thermo Fisher Scientific

Sourced in United States, China, United Kingdom, Germany, Australia, Japan, Canada, Italy, France, Switzerland, New Zealand, Brazil, Belgium, India, Spain, Israel, Austria, Poland, Ireland, Sweden, Macao, Netherlands, Denmark, Cameroon, Singapore, Portugal, Argentina, Holy See (Vatican City State), Morocco, Uruguay, Mexico, Thailand, Sao Tome and Principe, Hungary, Panama, Hong Kong, Norway, United Arab Emirates, Czechia, Russian Federation, Chile, Moldova, Republic of, Gabon, Palestine, State of, Saudi Arabia, Senegal

Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is a cell culture supplement derived from the blood of bovine fetuses. FBS provides a source of proteins, growth factors, and other components that support the growth and maintenance of various cell types in in vitro cell culture applications.

Trizol by Thermo Fisher Scientific

Sourced in United States, Germany, China, Japan, United Kingdom, Canada, France, Italy, Australia, Spain, Switzerland, Belgium, Denmark, Netherlands, India, Ireland, Lithuania, Singapore, Sweden, Norway, Austria, Brazil, Argentina, Hungary, Sao Tome and Principe, New Zealand, Hong Kong, Cameroon, Philippines

TRIzol is a monophasic solution of phenol and guanidine isothiocyanate that is used for the isolation of total RNA from various biological samples. It is a reagent designed to facilitate the disruption of cells and the subsequent isolation of RNA.

Actinomycin d by Thermo Fisher Scientific

Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, France

Actinomycin D is a DNA-binding antibiotic compound used in research laboratory settings. It functions by inhibiting transcription, the process of creating RNA molecules from DNA templates.

Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Italy, Sao Tome and Principe, France, Macao, India, Canada, Switzerland, Japan, Australia, Spain, Poland, Belgium, Brazil, Czechia, Portugal, Austria, Denmark, Israel, Sweden, Ireland, Hungary, Mexico, Netherlands, Singapore, Indonesia, Slovakia, Cameroon, Norway, Thailand, Chile, Finland, Malaysia, Latvia, New Zealand, Hong Kong, Pakistan, Uruguay, Bangladesh

DMSO is a versatile organic solvent commonly used in laboratory settings. It has a high boiling point, low viscosity, and the ability to dissolve a wide range of polar and non-polar compounds. DMSO's core function is as a solvent, allowing for the effective dissolution and handling of various chemical substances during research and experimentation.

Actinomycin d actd by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

Actinomycin D (ActD) is a natural product isolated from Streptomyces bacteria. It is a polypeptide that inhibits transcription by binding to DNA and preventing RNA synthesis.

Lipofectamine 2000 by Thermo Fisher Scientific

Sourced in United States, China, Germany, United Kingdom, Canada, Japan, France, Italy, Switzerland, Australia, Spain, Belgium, Denmark, Singapore, India, Netherlands, Sweden, New Zealand, Portugal, Poland, Israel, Lithuania, Hong Kong, Argentina, Ireland, Austria, Czechia, Cameroon, Taiwan, Province of China, Morocco

Lipofectamine 2000 is a cationic lipid-based transfection reagent designed for efficient and reliable delivery of nucleic acids, such as plasmid DNA and small interfering RNA (siRNA), into a wide range of eukaryotic cell types. It facilitates the formation of complexes between the nucleic acid and the lipid components, which can then be introduced into cells to enable gene expression or gene silencing studies.

What are the different uses of Dactinomycin?

What are the common challenges in using Dactinomycin for research?

One of the main challenges in using Dactinomycin for research is ensuring optimal experimental reproducibility and accuracy. Dactinomycin protocols can vary widely in terms of concentration, administration method, and other factors, which can significantly impact the results. Researchers may struggle to identify the most effective protocols for their specific research goals.

How can PubCompare.ai help with Dactinomycin research?

PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform can be a valuable tool for researchers working with Dactinomycin. The platform allows you to efficiently screen protocol literature, leveraging AI to pinpoint critical insights that can help you identify the most effective protocols related to Dactinomycin for your specific research goals. The platform's AI-driven analysis can highlight key differences in protocol effectiveness, enabling you to choose the best option for reproducibility and accuracy in your Dactinomycin studies.

Are there different types or variations of Dactinomycin?

While Dactinomycin is a single compound, there are some variations in its usage and formulation. For example, Dactinomycin can be administered intravenously, intramuscularly, or topically, depending on the specific application. Additionally, there may be different commercial products or generic versions of Dactinomycin available, each with their own unique characteristics and potential differences in effectiveness or tolerability.

How can PubCompare.ai help optimize Dactinomycin research?

PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform can help optimize Dactinomycin research in several ways. First, it allows you to efficiently screen protocol literature to identify the most relevant and effective protocols for your specific research goals. Second, the platform's AI-driven analysis can highlight key differences in protocol effectiveness, enabling you to choose the best option for reproducibility and accuracy. Finally, PubCompare.ai can help you compare different Dactinomycin products and formulations, ensuring that you select the most appropriate materials for your experiments and maximize the chances of successful, reproducible results.

More about "Dactinomycin"

Dactinomycin, also known as Actinomycin D or ActD, is a potent antineoplastic antibiotic that is isolated from Streptomyces species.
This compound intercalates with DNA, inhibiting RNA synthesis and cell division, making it an effective treatment for various cancers.
Researchers can leverage PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform to streamline their Dactinomycin/Actinomycin D research, easily locating protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, and identifying the best products and procedures for their experiments.
This tool can help optimize results and enhance reproducibility in Dactinomycin/Actinomycin D studies.
Dactinomycin is commonly used to treat Wilms' tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, and Ewing's sarcoma.
It is also known to inhibit protein synthesis, similar to Cycloheximide, another antibiotic.
Researchers can use Dactinomycin in conjunction with other reagents, such as RNase R, TRIzol reagent, FBS, and DMSO, to study various cellular processes and mechanisms.
Dactinomycin/Actinomycin D is a versatile tool in the field of cancer research and can be leveraged to enhance the accuracy and reproducibility of experimental results.
PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform can help streamline this process and optimize the research outcomes.