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> Chemicals & Drugs > Amino Acid > Eflornithine

Eflornithine

Eflornithine is a highly potent and selective inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase, an enzyme crucial in polyamine biosynthesis.
It has demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of various conditions, including hirsutism, African trypanosomiasis, and certain types of cancer.
Eflornithine acts by depleting cellular polyamines, leading to growth inhibition and cell death in targeted tissues.
Reserach into optimizing eflornithine protocols and products is accelerated by tools like PubCompare.ai, which leverage AI-driven comparisons to identify the best approaces from literature, pre-prints, and patents.
This powerful tool can take your eflornithine reserach to new heights.

Most cited protocols related to «Eflornithine»

1
Anti-Trypanosomal Activity Assay Protocol
Cited 9 times
Test compounds were dissolved in DMSO at 20 or 10 mM except for eflornithine which was dissolved in water and sterilised by filtration. The control drug (pentamidine) was dissolved in DMSO at 100 μM. HMI9-T medium (148.5 μl) was added to column 2 (B2-G2) of a sterile 96-well culture plate. HMI9-T + 1% DMSO (100 μl) was added to all remaining wells. Test compound solutions (1.5 μl) were added to column 2 (B2-G2). Pentamidine was placed on row G of all plates as a control. Threefold serial dilutions were carried out by transferring 50 μl from column 2 to the adjacent column (100 μl). The process was repeated up to column 10. HMI9-T containing 2 × 103 trypanosomes ml−1 (100 μl) was added to all wells except column 1. HMI9-T (100 μl) was added to column 1. Columns 1 and 11 served as controls without cells and without test compound, respectively. Cells were incubated for 3 days, after which 20 μl 0.5 mM resazurin was added to each well, before measuring fluorescence after 4 h incubation. Data were processed using GRAFIT (version 5.0.4; Erithacus software) and fitted to a 3-parameter equation, where the data are corrected for background fluorescence, to obtain the effective concentration inhibiting growth by 50% (EC50): y=ymax1+(i/EC50)s where ymax is the uninhibited fluorescence value, i is the inhibitor concentration and s is the Hill slope of the curve.
Measurements for each compound were carried out on 3 separate occasions and the mean weighted to the standard error calculated using the following formulas, where ‘a’ is the standard error of EC50 determination ‘A’, etc. weighted mean=(A/a2)+(B/b2)+(C/c2)_(1/a2)+(1/b2)+(1/c2) and error=(1/a)+(1/b)+(1/c)_(1/a2)+(1/b2)+(1/c2)
Jones D.C., Hallyburton I., Stojanovski L., Read K.D., Frearson J.A, & Fairlamb A.H. (2010). Identification of a κ-opioid agonist as a potent and selective lead for drug development against human African trypanosomiasis. Biochemical Pharmacology, 80(10), 1478-1486.
Publication 2010
Cells Diet, Formula Eflornithine Filtration Fluorescence Pentamidine resazurin Sterility, Reproductive Sulfoxide, Dimethyl Technique, Dilution Trypanosoma
2
Modulating Hedgehog Signaling Pathways
Cited 5 times

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Publication 2015
A 769662 Arsenic Trioxide Cells Cycloheximide Eflornithine Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome Medulloblastoma MG 132 NIH 3T3 Cells Peptides Polyamines Protein Synthesis Inhibitors PTCH1 protein, human Putrescine Serum
3
Prostate Cancer Tissue Datasets for Expression Analysis
Cited 5 times
Datasets 1 and 2 (Table 1) are based on post-prostatectomy frozen tissue samples obtained by informed consent using IRB-approved and HIPPA-compliant protocols. All tissues, except where noted, were collected at surgery and escorted to pathology for expedited review, dissection, and snap freezing in liquid nitrogen. In addition Dataset 1 contains 27 prostate biopsy specimens obtained as fresh snap-frozen biopsy cores from 18 normal prostates. These samples were obtained from the control untreated subjects of a clinical trial to evaluate the role of Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) to decrease the prostate size of normal men. Eighteen of these were collected before the treatment period and nine were collected after the treatment period had ended (21 (link)). Finally, 13 samples of normal prostate tissue were obtained from the rapid autopsy program of the Sun Health Research Institute (Sun City, AZ) and were frozen within 6 hours of demise.
RNA for expression analysis was prepared directly from frozen tissue following dissection of OCT (optimum cutting temperature compound) blocks with the aid of a cryostat. For expression analysis 50 micrograms (10 micrograms for biopsy tissue) of total RNA samples were processed for hybridization to Affymetrix GeneChips. Expression analysis for all samples for Dataset 1 were assessed using the U133 Plus 2.0 platform, while for Dataset 2 the U133A platform was used. The data has been deposited in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database with accession numbers GSE17951 (Dataset 1) and GSE8218 (Dataset 2). For Datasets 1 and 2, the distributions for the four principal cell types (tumor epithelial cells, stroma cells, epithelial cells of BPH, and epithelial cells of dilated cystic glands) were estimated by three pathologists (Dataset 1) or four (Dataset 2), whose estimates were averaged as described (20 ).
Datasets 3 and 4 were independently developed and used as test sets (Table 1). Dataset 3 consists of a series of 79 samples (22 (link), 23 (link)) while Dataset 4 (24 (link)) is composed of 57 samples from 44 patients, including 13 samples of stroma near tumor and 44 tumor-bearing samples. Expression analysis of the Datasets was determined using the U133A platform.
Jia Z., Wang Y., Sawyers A., Yao H., Rahmatpanah F., Xia X.Q., Xu Q., Pio R., Turan T., Koziol J.A., Goodison S., Carpenter P., Wang-Rodriquez J., Simoneau A., Meyskens F., Sutton M., Lernhardt W., Beach T., Monforte J., McClelland M, & Mercola D. (2011). Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer Using Differentially Expressed Genes in Stroma. Cancer research, 71(7), 2476-2487.
Publication 2011
Autopsy Biopsy Cardiac Arrest Cells Core Needle Biopsy Crossbreeding Cyst Dissection Eflornithine Epithelial Cells Freezing Glandular Epithelial Cells Neoplasms Nitrogen Operative Surgical Procedures Pathologists Patients Prostate Prostatectomy Stromal Cells Tissues Wellness Programs
4
Evaluating Inhibitors of T. brucei
Cited 5 times
Flasks of T. brucei were seeded at 1 × 104 cells ml−1 and incubated in the presence of the known inhibitors pentamidine and eflornithine, and the LOPAC hit (+)-U50,488 for 3 days. Flasks were set up in triplicate for each inhibitor at multiples of EC50 along with 3 control flasks with no inhibitor added. Pentamidine and (+)-U50,488 were added in DMSO in a volume of 0.1% of the culture. Eflornithine was dissolved directly in HMI9-T medium and sterilised by 0.22 μM filtration before diluting into the cell culture. Cell densities were determined at intervals using a haemocytometer and generation times calculated using GraFit (version 5.0.13; Erithacus software) using the following equation: N=N02t/g where N0 and N are the number of cells at time zero and time t, respectively, and g is the time per generation. For low cell densities, samples were concentrated 150-fold by centrifugation and resuspension in an appropriate volume of medium.
Jones D.C., Hallyburton I., Stojanovski L., Read K.D., Frearson J.A, & Fairlamb A.H. (2010). Identification of a κ-opioid agonist as a potent and selective lead for drug development against human African trypanosomiasis. Biochemical Pharmacology, 80(10), 1478-1486.
Publication 2010
Cell Culture Techniques Cells Centrifugation Eflornithine Filtration inhibitors Pentamidine Sulfoxide, Dimethyl
5
Colon Cancer Cell Proliferation Assay
Cited 4 times

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Publication 2010
5-bromouridine A-23187 Acetylcysteine Apoptosis Cancer of Colon Cell Cycle Cell Lines Cell Proliferation Cells Colon Eflornithine FITC-annexin A5 Flow Cytometry Fluorescence Homo sapiens Necrosis Promega Propidium Iodide Sulindac

Most recents protocols related to «Eflornithine»

1
Studying p27 Expression in MSCs
MSCs were seeded at a cell density of 1 × 105 cell/well in 6-well plates with incubation overnight under standard conditions described above. They were infected with Ctr at MOI (1, 3 and 4) and cultivated for 72 h. Wells with uninfected cells were used as controls. For studying the effect of DFMO on the expression of p27, the infected cells were treated with 20 mM DFMO and compared with untreated infected cells. The cells were PBS washed and lysed with 200 µL of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-lysis buffer (3% 2-ME, 20% glycerin, 0.05% bromophenol blue, 3% SDS). After scraping using a rubber policeman, the lysate was collected in Eppendorf tubes and heated in a thermal block for 10 min at 96 °C. Equal amounts of protein were separated using SDS-PAGE, and immunoblotting detection of p27 expression was performed as described elsewhere [17] (link).
Abu-Lubad M.A., Al-Zereini W, & Al-Zeer M.A. (2023). Deregulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27 as a putative candidate for transformation in Chlamydia trachomatis infected mesenchymal stem cells. AIMS Microbiology, 9(1), 131-150.
Publication 2023
Bromphenol Blue Buffers Cells Eflornithine Glycerin Proteins Rubber SDS-PAGE Sulfate, Sodium Dodecyl
2
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection in MSCs
MSCs were cultured at a cell density of 1 × 105 cell/well in 6-well plates and under standard cultivation conditions. Wells were divided into uninfected MSCs (NI), cells treated with 20 mM DFMO, infected cells for 72 h with Ctr D at MOI (1, 3, and 4) from the stock of 1.98 × 108 IFU/mL and infected cells treated with 20 mM DFMO. To exclude the cytotoxic effect of 20 mM DFMO on MSCs' viability, the lactate dehydrogenase enzyme was measured in MDFMO-treated cells using the colorimetric lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay kit (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany) following the manufacturer's instructions.
Abu-Lubad M.A., Al-Zereini W, & Al-Zeer M.A. (2023). Deregulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27 as a putative candidate for transformation in Chlamydia trachomatis infected mesenchymal stem cells. AIMS Microbiology, 9(1), 131-150.
Publication 2023
Biological Assay Cells Colorimetry Cultured Cells Diagnosis Eflornithine Enzymes Lactate Dehydrogenase
3
Chlamydia trachomatis Inclusion Body Production
The production of EBs in MSCs infected for 72 h with Ctr D (MOI 1, 3, and 4) and simultaneously treated with 20 mM DFMO was estimated using infectivity titration assays and compared to that in DFMO-untreated infected MSCs. Ctr D infected cells were removed by agitation with glass beads, mechanically lysed using glass beads and vigorously vortex-mixed for 3 min in 50 mL sterile tubes to release Ctr D. Then, 5 mL of the resulting bacterial homogenates, from either preparation, was used to infect and inoculated onto fresh (80% confluent) HeLa for 2 h. Post-infection, the inocula were removed, and the infected cells were washed 2–3 times with warm PBS. Finally, fresh pre-warmed medium was added, and the incubation was continued for an additional 48 h at 37 °C in a humidified atmosphere containing 5.0% CO2.
Abu-Lubad M.A., Al-Zereini W, & Al-Zeer M.A. (2023). Deregulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27 as a putative candidate for transformation in Chlamydia trachomatis infected mesenchymal stem cells. AIMS Microbiology, 9(1), 131-150.
Publication 2023
Atmosphere Bacteria Biological Assay Cells Eflornithine HeLa Cells Infection Sterility, Reproductive Titrimetry
4
Ultrastructural Analysis of DFMO-Treated MSCs
The 6-well plates containing Ctr-infected MSCs treated and untreated with DFMO (20 mM) were taken at time intervals of 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, washed twice with cold PBS and fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde. Fixed cells were detached by a rubber policeman. The cells were post-fixed with 1% osmium tetroxide (OsO4) and then contrasted with tannic acid and uranyl acetate. The specimens were dehydrated in a graded ethanol series (50–100%) and embedded in agar 100. Ultrathin sections (70 nm) were produced, contrasted with lead citrate and examined with a Zeiss EM 10 scanning electron microscope and LEO 912AB transmission electron microscope (Carl Zeiss AG, Oberkochen, Germany).
Abu-Lubad M.A., Al-Zereini W, & Al-Zeer M.A. (2023). Deregulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27 as a putative candidate for transformation in Chlamydia trachomatis infected mesenchymal stem cells. AIMS Microbiology, 9(1), 131-150.
Publication 2023
Agar Cells Citrates Common Cold Eflornithine Ethanol Glutaral Osmium Tetroxide Rubber Scanning Electron Microscopy Tannins Transmission Electron Microscopy uranyl acetate
5
Quantitative PCR Analysis of p27 mRNA
The total RNA was extracted from all cell preparations, uninfected and infected MSCs without and with DFMO (20 mM), using TRIzol QuantiTect SYBR Green PCR Kit (Power SYBR® Green 1-Step Kit, Applied Biosystems). The used oligonucleotides specific to p27 mRNA were the forward 5′-AAAAATCCGAGGTGCTTGG-3′ and the reverse 5′-ACAGCCCGAAGTGAAAAGAA-3′ primers [38] (link). The PCR reaction (25 µL final volume) involved 12.5 µL of SYBR Green master mix, 0.1 µL RNase inhibitor (stock: 20 U/mL), 0.2 µL reverse transcriptase, 8.4 µL purified RNA (10 ng/µL) and 1 µL from each primer. The conditions of amplification were a cycle at 48 °C for 30 min, followed by 40 cycles of 95 °C for 15 sec and 60 °C for 1 min. The cycling protocol was performed according to the manufacturer's instructions.
Abu-Lubad M.A., Al-Zereini W, & Al-Zeer M.A. (2023). Deregulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27 as a putative candidate for transformation in Chlamydia trachomatis infected mesenchymal stem cells. AIMS Microbiology, 9(1), 131-150.
Publication 2023
Eflornithine Endoribonucleases Oligonucleotide Primers Oligonucleotides RNA, Messenger RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase SYBR Green I trizol

Top products related to «Eflornithine»

1
Spermidine by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, China, United Kingdom, Sao Tome and Principe, Italy
Spermidine is a laboratory product offered by Merck Group. It is a naturally occurring polyamine compound found in various living organisms. Spermidine plays a role in cellular processes, but a detailed description of its core function is not available without potential for bias or extrapolation.
2
Spermine by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Portugal
Spermine is a laboratory reagent used in various scientific applications. It is a naturally occurring polyamine that plays a role in cellular processes. As a laboratory product, Spermine's core function is to serve as a chemical compound for research and analysis purposes. No further interpretation or extrapolation on its intended use is provided.
3
Putrescine by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, France, United Kingdom, Spain, Canada, Japan
Putrescine is a chemical compound that is used as a building block in various laboratory experiments and applications. It has a core function as a reagent or intermediate in scientific research and analysis.
4
Fetal bovine serum (fbs) by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, China, United Kingdom, Germany, Australia, Japan, Canada, Italy, France, Switzerland, New Zealand, Brazil, Belgium, India, Spain, Israel, Austria, Poland, Ireland, Sweden, Macao, Netherlands, Denmark, Cameroon, Singapore, Portugal, Argentina, Holy See (Vatican City State), Morocco, Uruguay, Mexico, Thailand, Sao Tome and Principe, Hungary, Panama, Hong Kong, Norway, United Arab Emirates, Czechia, Russian Federation, Chile, Moldova, Republic of, Gabon, Palestine, State of, Saudi Arabia, Senegal
Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is a cell culture supplement derived from the blood of bovine fetuses. FBS provides a source of proteins, growth factors, and other components that support the growth and maintenance of various cell types in in vitro cell culture applications.
5
Penicillin streptomycin by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Canada, France, Japan, Australia, Switzerland, Israel, Italy, Belgium, Austria, Spain, Gabon, Ireland, New Zealand, Sweden, Netherlands, Denmark, Brazil, Macao, India, Singapore, Poland, Argentina, Cameroon, Uruguay, Morocco, Panama, Colombia, Holy See (Vatican City State), Hungary, Norway, Portugal, Mexico, Thailand, Palestine, State of, Finland, Moldova, Republic of, Jamaica, Czechia
Penicillin/streptomycin is a commonly used antibiotic solution for cell culture applications. It contains a combination of penicillin and streptomycin, which are broad-spectrum antibiotics that inhibit the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
6
Lipofectamine 2000 by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, China, Germany, United Kingdom, Canada, Japan, France, Italy, Switzerland, Australia, Spain, Belgium, Denmark, Singapore, India, Netherlands, Sweden, New Zealand, Portugal, Poland, Israel, Lithuania, Hong Kong, Argentina, Ireland, Austria, Czechia, Cameroon, Taiwan, Province of China, Morocco
Lipofectamine 2000 is a cationic lipid-based transfection reagent designed for efficient and reliable delivery of nucleic acids, such as plasmid DNA and small interfering RNA (siRNA), into a wide range of eukaryotic cell types. It facilitates the formation of complexes between the nucleic acid and the lipid components, which can then be introduced into cells to enable gene expression or gene silencing studies.
7
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Italy, Sao Tome and Principe, France, Macao, India, Canada, Switzerland, Japan, Australia, Spain, Poland, Belgium, Brazil, Czechia, Portugal, Austria, Denmark, Israel, Sweden, Ireland, Hungary, Mexico, Netherlands, Singapore, Indonesia, Slovakia, Cameroon, Norway, Thailand, Chile, Finland, Malaysia, Latvia, New Zealand, Hong Kong, Pakistan, Uruguay, Bangladesh
DMSO is a versatile organic solvent commonly used in laboratory settings. It has a high boiling point, low viscosity, and the ability to dissolve a wide range of polar and non-polar compounds. DMSO's core function is as a solvent, allowing for the effective dissolution and handling of various chemical substances during research and experimentation.
8
Dulbecco modified eagle medium (dmem) by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, China, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Australia, Canada, Japan, Italy, Switzerland, Belgium, Austria, Spain, Israel, New Zealand, Ireland, Denmark, India, Poland, Sweden, Argentina, Netherlands, Brazil, Macao, Singapore, Sao Tome and Principe, Cameroon, Hong Kong, Portugal, Morocco, Hungary, Finland, Puerto Rico, Holy See (Vatican City State), Gabon, Bulgaria, Norway, Jamaica
DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium) is a cell culture medium formulated to support the growth and maintenance of a variety of cell types, including mammalian cells. It provides essential nutrients, amino acids, vitamins, and other components necessary for cell proliferation and survival in an in vitro environment.
9
Aminoguanidine by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, Sao Tome and Principe, United Kingdom
Aminoguanidine is a chemical compound used in laboratory settings. It is a colorless, crystalline solid that serves as a precursor for various organic synthesis reactions. Aminoguanidine has a molecular formula of CH6N4 and is soluble in water and other polar solvents.
10
L name by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Sao Tome and Principe, France, Brazil, Italy, Belgium, China, Canada, Spain
L-NAME is a synthetic compound that functions as a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. It is commonly used in research applications to study the role of nitric oxide in biological processes.

More about "Eflornithine"

Eflornithine is a highly potent and selective inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), a critical enzyme in the biosynthesis of polyamines like spermidine, spermine, and putrescine.
This compound has demonstrated remarkable efficacy in treating various conditions, including hirsutism (excessive hair growth), African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness), and certain types of cancer.
Eflornithine's mechanism of action involves depleting cellular polyamines, leading to growth inhibition and cell death in the targeted tissues.
Researchers can leverage powerful tools like PubCompare.ai to accelerate their eflornithine studies.
This AI-driven platform enables users to identify the best protocols, approaches, and products from the literature, preprints, and patents.
By conducting smart comparisons, PubCompare.ai helps scientists optimize eflornithine research, leading to breakthroughs and advancements in the field.
In addition to eflornithine, other compounds like fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin/streptomycin, lipofectamine 2000, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and DMEM culture medium are commonly used in cell culture experiments.
Furthermore, aminoguanidine and L-NAME are inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase, which can be useful in studying the interplay between eflornithine and nitric oxide signaling pathways.
By leveraging a comprehensive understanding of these related terms and concepts, researchers can optimize their eflornithine studies and uncover new insights.