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GALA peptide

GALA peptides are a class of amphipathic, pH-sensitive peptides that undergo conformational changes in response to changes in pH.
These peptides are designed to facilitate the delivery of therapeutic agents, such as drugs or genetic material, into cells by promoting membrane fusion and endosomal escape.
GALA peptides have been studied extensively for their potential applications in drug delivery, gene therapy, and vaccine development.
Researchers can use PubCompare.ai's AI-driven optimization platform to identify the most reproducible and accurate GALA peptide protocols, ensuring efficient and reliable research.
The platform scans literature, pre-prints, and patents to provide researchers with the best products and procedures, enhancing their work and saving time.

Most cited protocols related to «GALA peptide»

Cloning Promoters into pGreenII 0800-LUC

Cited 36 times

A 0.97 kb region of the Arabidopsis CHS promoter (At5g13930) was amplified by PCR from the Arabidopsis ecotype Columbia using the primers RPH-179 and RPH-180, then digested with KpnI and NcoI and cloned into the MCS of pGreenII 0800-LUC. The 1.04 kb pea CHS-1a promoter [GenBank: X80007] was subcloned into pGreenII 0800-LUC as an EcoRI-NcoI fragment [28 ]. A 0.92 kb Petunia CHS-A promoter [GenBank: X14591] was amplified by PCR using primers RPH-332 and RPH-333 from a V26 genomic DNA, digested with KpnI and NcoI and cloned into pGreenII 0800-LUC. The 1.3 kb Apple CHS1 promoter [GenBank: DQ022678] was isolated from Malus domestica Royal Gala, using the Genome Walker kit (Clonetech) with gene specific primers RPH-198 and RPH-199, then cloned into pGEM T-easy (Promega) and subcloned as a SalI-NcoI fragment into pGreenII 0800-LUC. pwo-Polymerase (Roche) was used for all PCR amplifications and cloned genes were sequenced to confirm no sequence modifications were incorporated.

Hellens R.P., Allan A.C., Friel E.N., Bolitho K., Grafton K., Templeton M.D., Karunairetnam S., Gleave A.P, & Laing W.A. (2005). Transient expression vectors for functional genomics, quantification of promoter activity and RNA silencing in plants. Plant Methods, 1, 13.

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Publication 2005

Arabidopsis Deoxyribonuclease EcoRI Ecotype GALA peptide Genes Genome Malus domestica Oligonucleotide Primers Petunia Promega prostaglandin M Pwo polymerase Walkers

Genome-Wide Association Study of Atopic Dermatitis

Cited 28 times

We carried out genome-wide association (GWA) analysis for atopic dermatitis case/control status in 26 individual studies (Supplementary Table 1), comprising a total of 21,399 cases and 95,464 controls. The majority of these studies included individuals of only European ancestry (22 studies, 18,900 cases, 84,166 controls). We also included one study of Japanese individuals (RIKEN, 1,472 cases. 7,966 controls), one study of African American individuals (SAPPHIRE, 422 cases and 844 controls), one study of Latin American individuals (GALA II, 300 cases, 1,592 controls) and one study with individuals of mixed non-European ancestry (Generation R, 305 cases, 896 controls).
Each cohort separately imputed their genetic data to 1000 Genomes Project Phase 1 (the majority to the March 2012 release, Supplementary Table 1) and carried out GWA analysis across all imputed variants. Before meta-analysis we restricted each study to only those variants with minor allele frequency (MAF)>1% and moderate imputation quality score (Rsq>0.3 for variants imputed in MACH and proper info>0.4 for IMPUTE). For some cohorts additional quality control filters were applied (full methods for each study are available in Supplementary Note 1).
Meta-analysis was conducted for Europeans only in GWAMA (using fixed effects) and for all ethnicities combined in MANTRA⁶⁰. Rather than imposing a fixed or random effects model, MANTRA accounts for the heterogeneity of effects between ethnicities by allowing the studies to cluster according to allele frequency profile (and hence population genetic similarity). To prevent very small European studies (with less precise estimates of the allele frequencies) from having undue weight in our analysis we fixed the Europeans to cluster together by using the European fixed effects results in the MANTRA analysis. Variants with p<5×10⁻⁸ in the European analysis were considered to be associated, as were any additional variants with (log10) Bayes Factor (BF)>6.1 (equivalent to p<5×10⁻⁸)⁶¹ in the MANTRA analysis. Each locus is represented in the results table by the variant with the strongest evidence for association. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic and Cochrane’s Q test. Meta-analysis results were also stratified according to ethnicity, method of case diagnosis and age of onset to explore sources of heterogeneity.
For the Epidermal-differentiation complex region (where the FLG gene is located and which has previously shown complex association results), we repeated the association tests (across the region between 150.2–154.5Mb on chromosome 1) conditioning on the four most common FLG variants (R501X, 2282del4, R2447X, S3247X) in the individual studies where these were available (10 studies, 20,384 individuals, Supplementary Table 12). These were meta-analyzed to identify whether there were any remaining independent association signals in this region.

Paternoster L., Standl M., Waage J., Baurecht H., Hotze M., Strachan D.P., Curtin J.A., Bønnelykke K., Tian C., Takahashi A., Esparza-Gordillo J., Alves A.C., Thyssen J.P., den Dekker H.T., Ferreira M.A., Altmaier E., Sleiman P.M., Xiao F.L., Gonzalez J.R., Marenholz I., Kalb B., Yanes M.P., Xu C.J., Carstensen L., Groen-Blokhuis M.M., Venturini C., Pennell C.E., Barton S.J., Levin A.M., Curjuric I., Bustamante M., Kreiner-Møller E., Lockett G.A., Bacelis J., Bunyavanich S., Myers R.A., Matanovic A., Kumar A., Tung J.Y., Hirota T., Kubo M., McArdle W.L., Henderson A.J., Kemp J.P., Zheng J., Smith G.D., Rüschendorf F., Bauerfeind A., Lee-Kirsch M.A., Arnold A., Homuth G., Schmidt C.O., Mangold E., Cichon S., Keil T., Rodríguez E., Peters A., Franke A., Lieb W., Novak N., Fölster-Holst R., Horikoshi M., Pekkanen J., Sebert S., Husemoen L.L., Grarup N., de Jongste J.C., Rivadeneira F., Hofman A., Jaddoe V.W., Pasmans S.G., Elbert N.J., Uitterlinden A.G., Marks G.B., Thompson P.J., Matheson M.C., Robertson C.F., Ried J.S., Li J., Zuo X.B., Zheng X.D., Yin X.Y., Sun L.D., McAleer M.A., O'Regan G.M., Fahy C.M., Campbell L.E., Macek M., Kurek M., Hu D., Eng C., Postma D.S., Feenstra B., Geller F., Hottenga J.J., Middeldorp C.M., Hysi P., Bataille V., Spector T., Tiesler C.M., Thiering E., Pahukasahasram B., Yang J.J., Imboden M., Huntsman S., Vilor-Tejedor N., Relton C.L., Myhre R., Nystad W., Custovic A., Weiss S.T., Meyers D.A., Söderhäll C., Melén E., Ober C., Raby B.A., Simpson A., Jacobsson B., Holloway J.W., Bisgaard H., Sunyer J., Hensch N.M., Williams L.K., Godfrey K.M., Wang C.A., Boomsma D.I., Melbye M., Koppelman G.H., Jarvis D., McLean W.I., Irvine A.D., Zhang X.J., Hakonarson H., Gieger C., Burchard E.G., Martin N.G., Duijts L., Linneberg A., Jarvelin M.R., Noethen M.M., Lau S., Hübner N., Lee Y.A., Tamari M., Hinds D.A., Glass D., Brown S.J., Heinrich J., Evans D.M, & Weidinger S. (2015). Multi-ethnic genome-wide association study of 21,000 cases and 95,000 controls identifies new risk loci for atopic dermatitis. Nature genetics, 47(12), 1449-1456.

Publication 2015

African American CASP8 protein, human Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 Diagnosis Eczema Epidermis Ethnicity Europeans GALA peptide Genes Genetic Heterogeneity Genome Genome-Wide Association Study Japanese Sapphire

Genome-Wide Association Study of Atopic Dermatitis

Cited 26 times

Publication 2015

Evaluating Apple Genomic Array for Breeding

Cited 22 times

A set of populations from various crosses, as well as accessions from the apple germplasm, were used to evaluate the Apple 8K Infinium® II array. This set included a ‘Royal Gala’×‘Granny Smith’ F₁ population of 186 seedlings [28] (link), seven controlled F₁ crosses that are used as a training population for genomic selection at Plant & Food Research and comprise 1313 individuals [29] , and a set of 117 accessions from the Plant & Food Research germplasm collection (S. Kumar, unpublished). Genomic DNA (gDNA) was extracted using the NucleoSpin® Plant II kit (Macherey-Nagel GmbH & Co KG, Düren, Germany), and quantitated using the Quant-iT™ PicoGreen® Assay (Invitrogen). ‘Royal Gala’, ‘Granny Smith’, and ‘Golden Delicious’ were used as controls. Two hundred nanograms of gDNA were used as template for the reaction, following the manufacturer's instructions. SNP genotypes were scored with the Genotyping Module of the GenomeStudio Data Analysis software (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA). Individuals with low SNP call quality (p50GC<0.54), as well as seedlings putatively resulting from an unintended pollination, were removed from the analysis. SNPs with a GenTrain score >0.6 were retained and those with scores ranging between 0.3 and 0.6 were visually checked for accuracy of the SNP calling. Clusters were manually edited when the parent-offspring segregation was not correct, or when the number of missing genotypes was greater than 20.
Two trios with both parents and one seedling were used to test the usefulness of SNP clusters for identifying haplotypes: ‘Royal Gala’×‘Braeburn’−>‘Scifresh’ and ‘(Royal) Gala’×‘Splendour’−>‘Sciros’. SNPs were coded using A and B alleles and haplotypes were inferred using FlexQTL™ (www.flexqtl.nl) for each cluster of SNPs.

Chagné D., Crowhurst R.N., Troggio M., Davey M.W., Gilmore B., Lawley C., Vanderzande S., Hellens R.P., Kumar S., Cestaro A., Velasco R., Main D., Rees J.D., Iezzoni A., Mockler T., Wilhelm L., Van de Weg E., Gardiner S.E., Bassil N, & Peace C. (2012). Genome-Wide SNP Detection, Validation, and Development of an 8K SNP Array for Apple. PLoS ONE, 7(2), e31745.

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Publication 2012

Alleles Biological Assay Food GALA peptide Genome Genotype Haplotypes Parent PicoGreen Plants Plants, Edible Pollination Single Nucleotide Polymorphism TRIO protein, human

Solid-State NMR Analysis of Transmembrane Peptides

Cited 10 times

Peptides F⁵GWALP23, F^4,5GWALP23, Y⁴GWALP23, and W¹⁸GWALP23 (Table 1) were synthesized on a model 433A synthesizer from
Applied Biosystems
by Life Technologies (Foster City, CA) using solid-phase methods,
as described previously.^{17 (link)} Typically, two
deuterated alanines of differing isotope abundances were incorporated
into each synthesized peptide. Peptides were purified as described^{19 (link),21 (link)} using an octyl silica column (Zorbax Rx-C8, 9.4 × 250 mm, 5
μm particle size; Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA) and
a gradient of 97–100% methanol (with 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid)
over 28 min. Final peptide purity (>97%) was confirmed by reversed-phase
HPLC, and peptide identity, by mass spectrometry (Figure S1 of the Supporting Information).
Solid-state ²H NMR experiments,
using mechanically aligned
samples, were performed using methods that have been described previously.^{17 (link)} Mechanically aligned samples (1:60, peptide/lipid;
45% hydration, w/w) were prepared using DOPC, DMPC, or DLPC lipid
from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL) and deuterium-depleted water
from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories (Andover, MA). Bilayer alignment
within each sample was confirmed using ³¹P NMR at 50 °C
on a Bruker (Billerica, MA) Avance 300 spectrometer. Deuterium NMR
spectra were recorded at 50 °C using both β = 0° (bilayer
normal parallel to magnetic field) and β = 90° macroscopic
sample orientations on a Bruker Avance 300 spectrometer utilizing
a quadrupolar echo pulse sequence²² with
90 ms recycle delay, 3.2 μs pulse length, and 115 μs echo
delay. Between 0.6 and 1.5 million scans were accumulated during each ²H NMR experiment. An exponential weighting function with 100
Hz line broadening was applied prior to Fourier transformation.
Helix orientations were analyzed by means of a semistatic “GALA”
method based on three adjustable parameters: the average tilt τ_o of the helix axis, the average azimuthal rotation ρ_o about the helix axis, and a principal order parameter S_zz, as described.^{7 (link),17 (link)} An additional
three-parameter modified Gaussian method is available, based on τ_o, ρ_o, a distribution width σρ,
and a fixed στ.^{16 (link)} We also employed
this modified Gaussian method, but στ was fixed at either
15° (DLPC) or 9° (DOPC; see Discussion) instead of the previously assumed value of 0° for στ.
For the analysis of helix rotation, we analyzed some pairwise residue
separation distances using a recently described procedure.^{23 (link)} Distances were compared to hydrophobic thicknesses
of 20.9 Å for DLPC^{24 (link)} and 27.2 Å
for DOPC,²⁵ which are based on the location D_C of the Gibbs dividing surface for the hydrocarbon
region of the bilayer.²⁵

Sparks K.A., Gleason N.J., Gist R., Langston R., Greathouse D.V, & Koeppe RE I.I. (2014). Comparisons of Interfacial Phe, Tyr, and Trp Residues as Determinants of Orientation and Dynamics for GWALP Transmembrane Peptides. Biochemistry, 53(22), 3637-3645.

Publication 2014

1,2-linoleoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine Alabaster Alanine Concanavalin A Deuterium Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine ECHO protocol Epistropheus GALA peptide Helix (Snails) Isotopes Lipids Magnetic Fields Mass Spectrometry Mental Orientation Methanol Peptides Pulse Rate Radionuclide Imaging Recycling Silicon Dioxide Trifluoroacetic Acid

Most recents protocols related to «GALA peptide»

Detecting Functional Dependencies via Symmetric Delta

Given a set of N variables and a set of M samples representing information on each of the variables, how do we find functional relationships between the variables? MIST tackles the problem by using a divide-and-conquer approach: while considering the set of all variable tuples as the search space, MIST divides that search space among parallel threads, and then conquers it by computing dependency measures for each tuple.
Symmetric Delta (Galas et al, 2020; Galas et al, 2014 (link)) is the measure used in a MIST search. The Symmetric Delta is a novel symmetric measure of functional dependence (it is symmetric under exchange of variables) constructed from joint entropies. Joint entropies between variables (using the Shannon entropy (Shannon and Weaver, 1949 ) defined as the expectation of the logarithm of each element of the joint probability distribution:

H (X) = - \sum_{i} P (x_{i}) l o g (P (x_{i}))

). For variable tuples of size T there are N choose T tuples in the search space. Thus, the problem is reduced to computing joint probability distributions for a very large number of variable tuples.
Dependence between two variables X and Y can be directly measured with mutual information

I (X, Y)

, defined as

I (X, Y) = H (X) + H (Y) - H (X, Y),

where

H (X)

and

H (Y)

are single entropies of variables X and Y and

H (X, Y)

is their joint entropy.
A general dependence among three variables, X, Y, and Z, can be measured with symmetric delta.

\bar{Δ} (X, Y, Z)

. To see clearly the definition of symmetric delta, we need to introduce interaction information, which is a multivariable generalization of mutual information (McGill, 1954 ), defined for three variables as

I (X, Y, Z) = I (X, Y) - I (X, Y | Z) .

Given interaction information, differential interaction information

Δ

is defined as a difference between values of successive interaction information arising from adding a variable:

\begin{matrix} Δ_{X} & = I (X, Y, Z) - I (Y, Z), \\ Δ_{Y} & = I (X, Y, Z) - I (X, Z), \\ Δ_{Z} & = I (X, Y, Z) - I (X, Y) . \end{matrix}

Here

Δ_{X}

is called asymmetric delta for the target variable X. To detect a fully synergistic dependence among a set of variables, we want a single measure, which is symmetric. Consequently, we defined a general measure

\bar{Δ}

, called symmetric delta (or simply delta), by multiplying the

Δ

's with all possible choices of the target variable:

\bar{Δ} (X, Y, Z) = Δ_{X} \cdot Δ_{Y} \cdot Δ_{Z} .

The critical property of this delta measure is that it is zero whenever any of the three variables is independent of the others. It is important to note that the absolute values of the delta measure indicate the degree to which the corresponding variables are collectively interdependent.

Banman A., Sakhanenko N.A., Kunert-graf J, & Galas D.J. (2023). ApoE Modifier Alleles for Alzheimer's Disease Discovered by Information Theory Dependency Measures: MIST Software Package. Journal of Computational Biology, 30(3), 323-336.

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Publication 2023

Entropy GALA peptide Generalization, Psychological Joints

Antioxidant Evaluation of Apple Varieties

Folin and Ciocalteu’s phenol reagent, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH radical), gallic acid, (±)-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchromane-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), m ethanol, and ethanol were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (Milan, Italy). Edible-grade ascorbic acid, analyzed according to Ph.Eur.9.3, was purchased from Caelo Caesar and Loretz, GMBH (Hilden, Germany). Apples (Malus domestica) of variety Royal Gala (as indicated on the label), vinegar and salt were purchased in a local super-market.

Cossignani L., Ianni F., Blasi F., Pollini L., Di Michele A., Pagano C., Ricci M, & Perioli L. (2023). Effect of Different Drying Treatments and Sieving on Royal Gala Apple Pomace, a Thickening Agent with Antioxidant Properties. Plants, 12(4), 906.

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Publication 2023

2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid Ascorbic Acid Carboxylic Acids diphenyl Ethanol folin GALA peptide Gallic Acid Malus domestica Methanol Phenol Sodium Chloride Sulfonic Acids Trolox C Vinegar

Monosaccharide Quantification by Ion Chromatography

Monosaccharide quantification was carried out in a Dionex ICS3000 ion chromatography system (Thermo-Fisher; Waltham, Massachusetts, USA) equipped with a pulsed amperometric detector, a CarboPac PA1 (4 × 250 mm) analytical column, and a CarboPac PA1 (4 × 50 mm) guard column (Thermo-Fisher; Waltham, Massachusetts, USA). Neutral sugar separation was performed at 35°C with a 1 mL min^–1 flow rate using an isocratic gradient of 18 mM NaOH for 27 minutes, followed by a separation of acidic sugars using 105 mM NaOAc and 120 mM NaOH for eight minutes at a 1 mL min^–1 flow rate at 35°C and a wash with 200 mM NaOH for five minutes. The column was equilibrated in 18 mM NaOH for 10 minutes after every step; and standard curves of either neutral sugars (i.e., d-Fuc, l-Rha, l-Ara, d-Gal, d-Glc, d-Xyl, and d-Man) or acidic sugars (i.e., d-GalA and d-GlcA) were used for quantification.

Parra-Rojas J.P., Sepúlveda-Orellana P., Sanhueza D., Salinas-Grenet H., Temple H., Dupree P., Saez-Aguayo S, & Orellana A. (2023). GoSAMTs are required for pectin methyl-esterification and mucilage release in seed coat epidermal cells. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14, 1099573.

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Publication 2023

Acids Chromatography GALA peptide Monosaccharides Sugar Acids Sugars

Carbohydrate Analysis by HPAEC-PAD

Standard and samples were separated by HPAEC and detected by pulsed amperometric detection (Dionex) using a CarboPack PA10 (2 × 250 mm) column (LCPackings). Acidic GlcA and GalA were eluted by 10 mM NaOH and 10 mM CH₃COONH₄ with 1 ml/min flow rate at a retention time of 25 min.

Pei C., Lu H., Ma J., Eichler J., Guan Z., Gao L., Liu L., Zhou H., Yang J, & Jin C. (2023). AepG is a glucuronosyltransferase involved in acidic exopolysaccharide synthesis and contributes to environmental adaptation of Haloarcula hispanica. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 299(2), 102911.

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Publication 2023

Acids GALA peptide Retention (Psychology)

Genetic Construction of Gallic Acid-Inducible Plasmids

Plasmids were constructed using
restriction enzyme and ligation-based method⁵⁰ or NEBuilder HiFi DNA assembly master mix according to the manufacturer’s
protocol (New England Biolabs) by cloning PCR amplified DNA fragments
into the pBRC1 vector,^{53 (link)} which was built
as described for pEH006 in.^{54 (link)}To
construct plasmid pIK002, oligonucleotide primers EV001-PP_2515 and
EV003-PP_2515B were used to PCR-amplify putative gallic acid-inducible
system (gene galR and intergenic region galR-galB (PP_RS13155-PP_RS13150) from P. putida KT2440 genomic DNA). For plasmid pIK002A,
primer pair EV001A/EV003-PP_2515B was used to amplify intergenic region galR-galB. All amplified DNA fragments were prepared by
digestion with AatII and NdeI restriction endonucleases (Thermo Fisher
Scientific) and cloned by ligation into pBRC1 vector through AatII
and NdeI restriction sites.
Plasmids pIK014A, pIK014, pIK061,
pIK062, pIK063, pIK064, pIK065,
and pIK066 were constructed by employing the NEBuilder HiFi DNA assembly
method. pBRC1 was linearized with AatII and NdeI restriction endonucleases
and used as a cloning vector and P. putida KT2440 genomic DNA was used as a template for PCR amplification.
To construct plasmid pIK014, oligonucleotide primer pairs EV001B/EV003C
and EV008-PP/EV009-PP were used to amplify gene galR and intergenic region galR-galT (PP_RS13155-PP_RS13170). For plasmid pIK014A, primer pair EV008B-EV009-PP
was used to amplify intergenic region galR-galT.
To assemble plasmid pIK061, primer pairs EV001E/EV003-PP_2515B, EV008B/IK025,
and IK023/IK024 were used to amplify genes galA (PP_RS13165) and galR, and intergenic region galR-galB. For pIK062, primer pairs EV008B/IK025 and EV003-PP_2515B/IK026
were used to amplify genes galP (PP_RS13160) and galR, and intergenic region galR-galB. To construct plasmid pIK063, primer pairs EV008B/IK025 and EV003-PP_2515B/IK023
were used to amplify gene cluster galAPR, and intergenic
region galR-galB). For plasmid pIK064, primer pairs
EV008B/IK024 and EV003-PP_2515B/EV001E were used to amplify genes galT (PP_RS13170), galA and galR, and intergenic region galR-galB. To assemble pIK065, primer pairs EV008B/IK027 and EV003-PP_2515B/IK028
were used to amplify galT, galP, galR, and intergenic region galR-galB.
For pIK066, primers EV008B and EV003-PP_2515B were used to amplify
gene cluster galTAPR, and intergenic region galR-galB.
The validation of plasmids was performed
by colony PCR and restriction-based
analysis. Oligonucleotide primers were synthesized by Metabion International
AG, and they are listed in Supplementary Table S4.

Kutraite I, & Malys N. (2023). Development and Application of Whole-Cell Biosensors for the Detection of Gallic Acid. ACS Synthetic Biology, 12(2), 533-543.

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Publication 2023

Cloning Vectors DNA Restriction Enzymes Enzymes GALA peptide Gallic Acid Gene Clusters Genes Genome Intergenic Region Ligation Oligonucleotide Primers Plasmids

Top products related to «GALA peptide»

Luciferase reporter kit by Promega

Sourced in United States

The Luciferase reporter kit is a lab equipment product that measures the activity of firefly luciferase, a bioluminescent enzyme. The kit provides the necessary reagents and components to quantify luciferase expression in biological samples.

Passive lysis buffer (plb) by Promega

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Passive lysis buffer is a solution used for the gentle lysis of cells to extract proteins or other biomolecules. It facilitates the release of cellular contents without denaturing the target analytes.

D glc by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

D-Glc is a laboratory reagent used for various analytical and biochemical applications. It is the chemical formula for the monosaccharide D-glucose, a primary source of energy for many biological systems. D-Glc is commonly utilized in assays, cell culture media, and other research applications that require a source of glucose.

D gala by Merck Group

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D-GalA is a laboratory reagent that is produced by Merck Group. It is a monosaccharide that is commonly used in various chemical and biochemical applications. The core function of D-GalA is to serve as a building block for the synthesis of larger carbohydrate molecules and to facilitate various analytical and research procedures.

Dionex ics 5000 by Thermo Fisher Scientific

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The HiSeq 2500 system is a high-throughput DNA sequencing platform developed by Illumina. It is designed to perform rapid, high-quality sequencing of DNA samples. The HiSeq 2500 system utilizes Illumina's proprietary sequencing-by-synthesis technology to generate sequencing data.

Carbopac pa 20 by Thermo Fisher Scientific

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Axiom lat1 array by Thermo Fisher Scientific

The Axiom LAT1 array is a laboratory equipment product designed for genetic analysis. It is a high-density genotyping array that enables the simultaneous measurement of a large number of genetic markers across the genome. The Axiom LAT1 array is a tool for researchers to perform genetic studies, but its specific intended use is not provided in this factual and unbiased description.

Carbopac pa20 column by Thermo Fisher Scientific

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The CarboPac PA20 column is a high-performance anion-exchange chromatography column used for the separation and analysis of carbohydrates. It features a polymeric resin substrate with a quaternary ammonium functional group for the selective retention and separation of monosaccharides, disaccharides, and oligosaccharides.

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What are GALA peptides and how do they work?

What are the potential applications of GALA peptides?

GALA peptides have been studied extensively for their potential applications in drug delivery, gene therapy, and vaccine development. They can be used to enhance the delivery of a wide range of therapeutic agents, including small molecules, proteins, and nucleic acids, into cells. GALA peptides have shown promise in improving the bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of these agents by facilitating their cellular uptake and endosomal escape.

How can PubCompare.ai help researchers working with GALA peptides?

PubCompare.ai's AI-driven optimization platform can assist researchers working with GALA peptides in several ways. First, it allows you to screen protocol literature more efficiently by leveraging AI to pinpoint critical insights. Second, the platform's analysis can help you identify the most effective protocols related to GALA peptides for your specific research goals. By highlighting key differences in protocol effectiveness, PubCompare.ai enables you to choose the best option for reproducibility and accuracy, saving you time and enhancing the reliability of your research.

Are there different types or variations of GALA peptides?

Yes, there are various types and variations of GALA peptides that have been developed and studied. Researchers have designed different GALA peptide sequences, lengths, and modifications to optimize their pH-sensitivity, membrane-fusogenic properties, and delivery efficiency. Some GALA peptides may also incorporate additional functionalities, such as targeting moieties or stimuli-responsive elements, to further enhance their therapeutic potential. The specific type of GALA peptide used can depend on the application and the desired characteristics for the delivery of a particular cargo.

What are some common challenges in using GALA peptides for delivery applications?

One of the main challenges in using GALA peptides for delivery applications is ensuring their stability and functionality in biological environments. GALA peptides can be susceptible to proteolytic degradation, which can impact their pH-responsiveness and membrane-fusogenic properties. Additionally, the optimal pH range for GALA peptide-mediated membrane disruption and cargo release can vary depending on the specific peptide sequence and cargo. Researchers must carefully optimize the GALA peptide design and formulation to address these challenges and maintain the desired delivery efficiency.

More about "GALA peptide"

GALA peptides are a class of amphipathic, pH-sensitive peptides that undergo conformational changes in response to changes in pH.
These peptides, also known as pH-responsive or fusogenic peptides, are designed to facilitate the delivery of therapeutic agents such as drugs or genetic material into cells.
By promoting membrane fusion and endosomal escape, GALA peptides can enhance the efficacy of drug delivery and gene therapy applications.
Researchers commonly utilize Luciferase reporter kits, Passive lysis buffers, and D-Glucose (D-Glc) or D-Galacturonic acid (D-GalA) in experiments involving GALA peptides.
Analytical techniques like the Dionex ICS-5000 ion chromatography system and the HiSeq 2500 high-throughput sequencing platform may be employed to characterize and study these peptides.
The CarboPac PA-20 column is often used for the separation and analysis of carbohydrates related to GALA peptide research.
To optimize GALA peptide protocols, researchers can leverage the AI-driven platform provided by PubCompare.ai.
This platform scans the literature, preprints, and patents to identify the most reproducible and accurate procedures, saving time and enhancing the reliability of GALA peptide research.
The platform also provides insights into the best products and materials, such as the Axiom LAT1 array and the CarboPac PA20 column, to support efficient and high-quality experimentation.
GALA peptides have been extensively studied for their potential applications in drug delivery, gene therapy, and vaccine development.
Researchers can utilize L-Rhamnose (L-Rha) as a related compound in their investigations of these versatile and promising peptides.