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HIV Antibodies

HIV antibodies are crucial for the detection and monitoring of HIV infection.
These antibodies are produced by the immune system in response to the presence of the HIV virus.
Accurate and reliable identification of HIV antibodies is essential for effective diagnosis, treatment, and research.
PubCompare.ai's AI-powered platform can revolutionize your HIV antibody research by providing easy access to the most reliable protocols from peer-reviewed literature, preprints, and patents.
Leveraging intelligent comparisons, the platform helps you identify the optimal methods and products, empowering reproducible and accruate findings for your HIV research.
Discover how PubCompare.ai can streamline your HIV antibody studies and contribute to advancements in this critical field of medicine.

Most cited protocols related to «HIV Antibodies»

The correlates study was preceded by pilot studies from November 2009 through July 201120 (Fig. S1 in the Supplementary Appendix, available with the full text of this article at NEJM.org). Pilot assays were performed on samples taken at baseline and week 26 from 50 to 100 uninfected RV144 participants (80% of whom were vaccine recipients and 20% of whom were placebo recipients) and scored according to four statistical criteria: a low false positive rate on the basis of samples from placebo and vaccine recipients at baseline, a large dynamic range of vaccine-induced immune responses, nonredundancy of responses (low correlations), and high reproducibility.
Of the 32 types of antibody, T-cell, and innate immunity assays evaluated in pilot studies, 17 met these criteria, from which 6 primary variables were chosen for assessment as correlates of infection risk. The purpose was to restrict the primary analysis to a limited number of variables in order to optimize the statistical power for showing a correlation of risk between vaccinated persons who acquired versus those who did not acquire HIV-1. The primary variables included 5 Env-specific antibody responses and 1 cellular response: the binding of plasma IgA antibodies to Env, the avidity of IgG antibodies for Env, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies, the binding of IgG antibodies to variable regions 1 and 2 (V1V2) of the gp120 Env, and the level of Env-specific CD4+ T cells (for details, see the Supplementary Appendix). All 17 types of immune assays and their 152 component variables were also included in the secondary correlates analyses (Tables S1 and S2 in the Supplementary Appendix).
Secondary variables were drawn from the remaining 152 assays selected from pilot assay studies; they were evaluated to help interpret the results of the primary analysis and to generate additional hypotheses (Table S1 in the Supplementary Appendix). For the sensitivity analysis, immune-response variables that were closely related to the six primary variables (within the same assay type) were substituted for each of the primary variables into the multivariable model (eight variables, with three individual variables paired to the primary variable of neutralizing antibodies) (Table S2 in the Supplementary Appendix). All assays were performed by personnel who were unaware of treatment assignments and case–control status.
Publication 2012
Antibodies, Neutralizing Antibody Avidity Antibody Formation Biological Assay CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes Cells Cytotoxicities, Antibody-Dependent Cell HIV-1 HIV Antibodies HIV Envelope Protein gp120 Hypersensitivity Immunity, Innate Immunoglobulin A Immunoglobulin G Immunoglobulins Infection Placebos Plasma Response, Immune T-Lymphocyte Vaccines

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Publication 2014
Antibodies HIV-1 HIV Antibodies HIV Infections Sexual Health Substance Use Syndrome
Longitudinal specimens (n = 2737) from 259 individuals infected with HIV-1 were collected as part of various cohort studies in different locales by different investigators. The specimens from consenting individuals were made available to permit development and characterization of new incidence assays, including the LAg-Avidity EIA. Some of the basic information about the cohorts, including source, number of seroconverters, available specimens, and likely or confirmed HIV-1 subtypes are shown in Table 1. Of the 259 individuals, 89 of them (n = 393 specimens) were part of our previous study [6 (link)]. The following HIV-1 subtypes were included in this study: HIV-1 subtype B (Thailand BMA IDU cohort [47 (link)], Amsterdam cohort [48 (link)] and Trinidad cohort), subtype AE (Thailand BMA IDU cohort [47 (link)]), subtype C (Ethiopia and China cohorts), subtypes A & D (Kenya CSW cohort [49 (link)]). Because early antiretroviral therapy can affect the development and maturation of HIV antibodies, only specimens from persons who were not on antiretroviral therapy (ART) were used for determination of MDRI. Time between last negative and first positive specimens ranged from 4 days to 1486 days for different panels with median interval of 125 days and mean of 171 days.
An additional 3740 specimens from treatment-naïve adult individuals with HIV-1 infection longer than 1 year were used to estimate the proportion of specimens misclassified as recent, termed here as the proportion false recent (PFR). The specimens were collected under multiple approved protocols that permitted use of left-over, unlinked specimens for research. This set included 1845 specimens from Vietnam, 952 specimens from Ghana, 455 specimens from China and 488 specimens from individuals with AIDS (CD4<200). Specimens from individuals with AIDS were derived from three sources: 261 specimens were collected in the 1990s from treatment-naïve women with AIDS enrolled in the HIV Epidemiologic Research Study (HERS) [50 (link)], while additional specimens were from Thailand (n = 128) and Cote d’Ivoire (n = 99), collected in the 1990s from treatment-naïve AIDS patients with (Cote d’Ivoire) or without (Thailand) tuberculosis (TB).
This study was conducted under a protocol approved by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Institutional Review Board (IRB) titled “characterization, validation and application of HIV-1 incidence assays”. Selected specimens were collected under multiple CDC approved protocols (IRB # 5533, 5758). Study was also approved by Bangkok Metropolitan Administration Ethics Committee, respective ministries of health and CDC. Individuals donating the blood specimens provided written consent for use of the specimens for biological research.
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Publication 2015
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Adult Biological Assay Biopharmaceuticals BLOOD Early Therapy Ethics Committees Ethics Committees, Research HIV-1 HIV Antibodies HIV Infections Patients Specimen Handling Tuberculosis Woman
PROUD was designed with a sample size of 5000 participants, powered to detect a 50% reduction in HIV incidence from 2·5 to 1·25 infections per 100 person-years. For the pilot study, we used an arbitrary 10% sample size of 500. Because of the unlikeliness of showing the effectiveness of PrEP in a pilot study, data were initially monitored by a single independent expert not masked to allocation. As it emerged that HIV incidence was much higher than anticipated, an independent data monitoring committee was set up in June, 2014. The committee regarded the difference between groups in rate of HIV infection (rate difference) as the key measure for public health policy, and adopted a lower 2·5% confidence limit greater than two infections per 100 person-years as a threshold for notifying the steering committee, although this was not a formal stopping rule.
Analyses included all participants according to their randomised allocation (intention to treat) apart from the exclusion of individuals with a reactive HIV antigen–antibody result at enrolment in analyses of HIV incidence (modified intention to treat). We compared incidence rates between the two groups by both the rate difference and the rate ratio. We calculated exact 90% CIs rather than 95% CIs because we were primarily interested in the lower confidence limit—ie, the minimal estimate of the effectiveness.19 (link) We derived the number-needed-to-treat to directly avert (prevent or delay) one HIV infection from the reciprocal of the rate difference.20 (link) All analyses used data collected during the deferral phase of the trial, up to the date of extraction on June 10, 2015.
We planned to assess individual-level adherence and longitudinal sexual behaviour, but the low proportion of participants who completed the monthly questionnaire and diary prevented us from doing so. We therefore reported overall prescriptions of trial drug and cross-sectional analyses of sexual behaviour on the basis of baseline and 1 year questionnaires only. We compared the number of different anal sex partners at 1 year in each group using a stratified test for trend,21 according to the category at the enrolment visit. We used logistic regression to analyse the probability of detecting a sexually transmitted infection during follow-up, adjusting for the number of screens (as a linear term). We did the statistical analyses with Stata (version 13.1).
The trial is registered with ISRCTN (ISRCTN94465371) and ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02065986).
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Publication 2016
Antigens HIV Antibodies HIV Infections Infection Prescribing, Drug Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Participants met individually with a trained interviewer. After reviewing the informed consent form (approved by the California State University, Long Beach, Institutional Review Board) the interviewer administered the HIV perceived-risk items followed by the risk behavior assessment (RBA). The RBA includes items assessing frequency of different types of sex, number of sex partners, sex trading behaviors, use of drugs immediately before or during sex and a single item measure of HIV risk perception. The RBA has been found to have good reliability and validity [31 –33 (link)]. Following completion of the questionnaires, participants received HIV prevention counseling and/or HIV/STD testing. Participants received a small non-cash incentive for participating in the study. A total of 652 participants underwent HIV testing, the majority of these tests were performed using the OraQuick Advance® Rapid HIV-1/2 Antibody Test (OraSure Technologies, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania) (n = 601), and all preliminary positive results were confirmed with an HIV-1 Western blot. Participants who received HIV testing were also offered antibody tests for syphilis using both non-Treponemal (RPR) and Treponemal (TP-PA) tests. Participants who received HIV rapid testing were provided with the results at the end of the session. Participants who received standard testing for HIV and/or syphilis testing were asked to return in 1 week to receive the results of these tests.
Publication 2011
Antibodies Ethics Committees, Research Health Risk Assessment HIV-1 HIV Antibodies Interviewers Pharmaceutical Preparations Sex Characteristics Sexual Partners Treponema Western Blotting

Most recents protocols related to «HIV Antibodies»

Sera samples were tested for anti-HCV using automated CMIA (Lai Bo Biotechnology, Inc. Jinan, China). The samples were considered positive when the results exceeded the cutoff (s/co) value of 1.00 (according to the manufacturer’s recommendations). The positive samples were subsequently tested for HCV core antigen (HCV cAg; Lai Bo Biotechnology, Inc. Jinan, China), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg, SYSMEX CORPORATION, Janpan), HIV antigen + antibody (Ag + Ab; SYSMEX CORPORATION, Janpan), syphilis antibody (anti-TP; Lai Bo Biotechnology, Inc. Jinan, China), anti-hepatitis A virus (HAV) IgM, and anti-hepatitis E virus (HEV) IgM (Xiamen Innodx Biotech Co., Ltd., Xiamen, China).
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Publication 2023
anti-IgM Antigens Hepatitis A virus Hepatitis B Surface Antigens Hepatitis C Antibodies Hepatitis E virus HIV Antibodies Immunoglobulins Serum Syphilis
De-duplication of identical documents from multiple databases through literature management software such as Endnote. Selection criteria for duplicate literature. (1) Selection of the one with the largest sample size. (2) Selection of the one with the longest follow-up period. (3) Select the one with the most comprehensive study outcomes. The following were the conditions for inclusion: (1) adult population; (2) a study that explored the association between dairy product consumption and the likelihood of developing NAFLD, such as cohort studies, case–control studies or cross-sectional studies; (3) a diagnosis of NAFLD made by ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), fibro-scan, fatty liver index, or liver biopsy; (4) consumption of dairy products: total dairy, milk, yogurt, cheese, or other types of dairy products; (5) outcome was NAFLD; (6) language was restricted to English. Exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) teenaged or pregnant participants; (2) surface antigens for hepatitis B, antibodies against hepatitis C, or HIV antibodies present; (3) abnormally high alcohol or drug intake that could be hazardous to the liver (tamoxifen, steroids, and amiodarone); and (4) reviews, comments, editorials, letters, interviews, or reports.
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Publication 2023
Adult Amiodarone Biopsy Cheese Cytomegalovirus Infections Dairy Products Diagnosis Ethanol Fatty Liver Fibromyalgia Hepatitis B Surface Antigens Hepatitis C Antibodies HIV Antibodies Liver Milk, Cow's Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Pharmaceutical Preparations Radionuclide Imaging Steroids Tamoxifen Ultrasonography Yogurt
Replication-competent HIV-1 was produced by transfecting 293T cells with plasmids containing full-length proviruses. Virus containing supernatants were clarified by low-speed centrifugation, passed through 0.45-μm filters, normalized for HIV-1 capsid (p24) antigen with an HIV-1 p24 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (XpressBio), and used to infect target cells.
MOLT-3 cells were infected in T25 flasks in 5 mL medium. FACS-sorted cells were infected in 96-well plates in 200 μL medium. PBMC were obtained from LRS chambers by Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient centrifugation and kept in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 15% human AB serum (Millipore Sigma). CD4+ T cells were purified from fresh PBMC by negative selection with an EasySep human CD4+ T cell enrichment kit (Stemcell Technologies). PBMC were seeded into 12-well plates in 2 mL medium and immediately stimulated with 2 μg/mL phytohemagglutinin (PHA) (Millipore Sigma). One day later, the PHA-containing medium was replaced by fresh medium, and the cells were infected in the presence of 20 U/mL interleukin 2 (Roche). CD4+ T cells were seeded into 12-well plates and immediately infected at a p24 concentration of 1 ng/mL. On day 3 after infection, the cells were stimulated with 2 μg/mL PHA. The next day, the PHA-containing medium was replaced by fresh medium containing 20 U/mL interleukin 2.
Virus replication was monitored by comparing Gag protein expression levels in infected cells by Western blotting using anti-HIV-1 capsid (CA) antibody 183-H12-5C and anti-actin and/or by measuring the accumulation of p24 antigen in the culture supernatants over time with an HIV-1 p24 ELISA kit (XpressBio).
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Publication 2023
AB-15 Actins Antigens Capsid Proteins CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes Cells Centrifugation Centrifugation, Density Gradient DNA Replication Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Ficoll Gene Products, gag HEK293 Cells HIV-1 HIV Antibodies HIV Core Protein p24 Homo sapiens Hypaque Infection Interleukin-2 Molting Phytohemagglutinins Plasmids Proviruses Serum Stem Cells Virus Virus Replication
In this study, HbsAg, Anti-HCV antibodies and Anti-HIV tests were performed on
Cobas e601 analyzer with ELECSYS (Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay) method
at Duzen laboratories. Elecsys HbsAg 2 kits were used for Hepatitis B surface
antigens, and qualitative specification was performed. Elecsys Anti-HCV 2 kits
were used for Hepatitis C antibodies, and qualitative specification was
performed. Anti-HIV antibodies were analyzed with HIV combi PT kits. This test
specifies HIV type 1 p24 antigens and type 1/2 IgG antibodies
simultaneously.
HCV RNA was analyzed by means of RT PCR method on Cobas AmpliPrep/CobasTaqman 48
(Roche) system. The linear range of this test is 15 to 100 000 000 IU/mL. HCV
GENOTYPE sequence analysis was performed with 2 different methods. The first
method was performed on ABI 3130/3130XL device. The screening was performed for
genotypes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and their subtypes. The second was performed with
RealTime method on Montania 4896 system. The screening was performed for
genotypes 1, 1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
Publication 2023
Hepatitis B Hepatitis B Surface Antigens Hepatitis C Antibodies HIV Antibodies HIV Core Protein p24 Immunoassay Medical Devices Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Sequence Analysis Testing, AIDS
HIV Antibody testing: Confirmation of the HIV status was performed in all participants using three approved rapid HIV antibody tests: Determine® HIV-1/2 (Abbott, Chicago, IL, USA), Uni-Gold™ HIV-1/2 (Trinity Biotech, Co Wicklow, Ireland), and HIV1/2 Stat-Pak Dipstick (Chembio Diagnostic System, Inc, Medford, NY, USA) [26 ].
HCV Antibody testing: A positive HCV antibody was confirmed in all the participants at screening using a World Health Organization (WHO) prequalified POC HCV antibody test (SD, Abbott, Chicago, IL, USA) [26 ].
Standard of care HCV RNA testing: The presence of HCV RNA in plasma (derived from 6mL whole-blood) collected by standard venepuncture was determined at both scheduled visits as per the national Myanmar HCV treatment guidelines (Myanmar Ministry of Health and Sports; 2019), using an Xpert HCV Viral Load assay on the GeneXpert R2 6-colour, 4 module machine (GXIV-4-L System, 900-0513, GeneXpert Dx software v4.6a, lower limit of quantification: (LLoQ) 10 IU/mL; Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) [27 ]. HCV RNA genotyping is not a prerequisite for HCV treatment in Myanmar and was not performed.
Fingerstick HCV RNA testing: A fingerstick capillary whole-blood sample (100 µL) was collected into a microvette collection tube (Microvette® 100 μL K3EDTA, Sarstedt, Nümbrecht, Germany) at both visits using a MiniCollect® Safety Lancet (Greiner Bio-One, Kremsmünster, Austria), as per the manufacturer’s directions and WHO guidelines [28 ]. The samples were transported at ambient temperature by a same-day taxi (or motorbike when a taxi was not available) to the Myanmar–Australia Research Collaboration for Health (MARCH) laboratory in Yangon. The transit time between the collection and delivery of the samples ranged between 15 and 30 min. The majority (87%) of the POC HCV RNA testing was performed on the same day of the sample collection, with the remainder of the samples tested 1–4 days later. The HCV RNA testing was performed using the Xpert HCV VL Fingerstick Assay (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA, USA; (LLOQ): 100 IU/mL, upper limit of quantification: 108 log10 IU/mL; 100% sensitivity, 100% specificity) on a GeneXpert R2 6-colour, 2 module machine (GXII-2-L System, GeneXpert Dx software v4.6a; Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) (Cepheid, 2019). The GeneXpert enables the quantification of HCV RNA through real-time PCR technology, with the time to result taking approximately one hour [29 ].
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Publication 2023
Antibodies Biological Assay BLOOD Capillaries Diagnosis Gold Hepatitis C Antibodies HIV-1 HIV-2 HIV Antibodies Hypersensitivity Obstetric Delivery Plasma Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Safety Specimen Collection Test, Quick Venipuncture

Top products related to «HIV Antibodies»

Sourced in Japan, United States, Ireland, Netherlands, United Kingdom
Determine HIV-1/2 is a laboratory diagnostic test used to detect the presence of antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) types 1 and 2 in human serum or plasma samples. The test utilizes immunoassay technology to provide a qualitative result, indicating whether the sample is reactive or non-reactive for HIV-1 and/or HIV-2 antibodies.
Sourced in Ireland, United States, Japan
Uni-Gold HIV is a rapid diagnostic test kit used for the detection of antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in human serum, plasma, or whole blood samples. The core function of this product is to provide a qualitative result, indicating the presence or absence of HIV antibodies.
Sourced in Ireland, United States, Japan, China
Unigold is a compact and automated diagnostic instrument designed for rapid and reliable detection of various analytes. It utilizes a proprietary gold nanoparticle-based immunoassay technology to deliver accurate and reproducible results. The core function of Unigold is to provide a versatile platform for point-of-care testing and laboratory applications.
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Canada, Japan, Italy, France, Belgium, Switzerland, Singapore, Uruguay, Australia, Spain, Poland, India, Austria, Denmark, Netherlands, Jersey, Finland, Sweden
The FACSCalibur is a flow cytometry system designed for multi-parameter analysis of cells and other particles. It features a blue (488 nm) and a red (635 nm) laser for excitation of fluorescent dyes. The instrument is capable of detecting forward scatter, side scatter, and up to four fluorescent parameters simultaneously.
Sourced in United States, Germany, Japan, France
The AxSYM is a fully automated and integrated laboratory instrument designed for performing a wide range of immunoassay tests. It utilizes advanced technology to automate the entire testing process, from sample handling to result analysis. The AxSYM is capable of processing a variety of sample types, including serum, plasma, and urine, and can perform multiple tests simultaneously with high accuracy and precision.
Sourced in United States, Ireland
The Alere Determine HIV-1/2 is a rapid qualitative immunoassay for the detection of antibodies to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Type 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2) in human blood, serum, or plasma samples.
Sourced in France, United States, China
The Genscreen Ultra HIV Ag-Ab is a laboratory diagnostic test used to detect the presence of HIV antigens and antibodies in human serum or plasma samples. It is a fourth-generation enzyme immunoassay that combines the detection of both HIV-1 p24 antigen and HIV-1/HIV-2 antibodies in a single test.
Sourced in France, United States
The NEW LAV BLOT I is a laboratory equipment product designed for immunoblotting applications. It serves as a versatile tool for the detection and analysis of specific proteins within complex samples. The core function of this product is to facilitate the transfer and immobilization of proteins from a gel to a membrane support, enabling subsequent detection and analysis. The product details and specifications are provided without further interpretation or extrapolation on its intended use.
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Italy, Japan, France, Sao Tome and Principe, Canada, Macao, Spain, Switzerland, Australia, India, Israel, Belgium, Poland, Sweden, Denmark, Ireland, Hungary, Netherlands, Czechia, Brazil, Austria, Singapore, Portugal, Panama, Chile, Senegal, Morocco, Slovenia, New Zealand, Finland, Thailand, Uruguay, Argentina, Saudi Arabia, Romania, Greece, Mexico
Bovine serum albumin (BSA) is a common laboratory reagent derived from bovine blood plasma. It is a protein that serves as a stabilizer and blocking agent in various biochemical and immunological applications. BSA is widely used to maintain the activity and solubility of enzymes, proteins, and other biomolecules in experimental settings.
Sourced in United States, Switzerland
The Amplicor HIV-1 Monitor Test is a laboratory equipment product designed for the quantitative detection of HIV-1 RNA in human plasma or serum samples. It utilizes the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method to amplify and detect the HIV-1 genetic material.

More about "HIV Antibodies"

HIV antibodies play a crucial role in the detection and monitoring of HIV infection.
These antibodies, produced by the body's immune system in response to the presence of the HIV virus, are essential for effective diagnosis, treatment, and research.
Accurate and reliable identification of HIV antibodies is paramount.
PubCompare.ai's AI-powered platform can revolutionize your HIV antibody research by providing easy access to the most reliable protocols from peer-reviewed literature, preprints, and patents.
Leveraging intelligent comparisons, the platform helps you identify the optimal methods and products, empowering reproducible and accurate findings for your HIV research.
Key terms and technologies related to HIV antibodies include Determine HIV-1/2, Uni-Gold HIV, Unigold, FACSCalibur, AxSYM, Alere Determine HIV-1/2, Genscreen Ultra HIV Ag-Ab, NEW LAV BLOT I, and Bovine serum albumin.
The Amplicor HIV-1 Monitor Test is also a widely used tool for quantifying HIV viral load.
Discover how PubCompare.ai can streamline your HIV antibody studies and contribute to advancements in this critical field of medicine.
The platform's intelligent comparisons and access to the latest protocols can help you achieve reproducible and acccurate findings, driving progress in the fight against HIV.