The structures from the JCSG included PDB (Bernstein et al., 1977 ▶ ; Berman et al., 2000 ▶ ) entries 1o1x (Xu et al., 2004 ▶ ), 1vjf, 1vjr, 1vk4, 1vk8, 1vk9, 1vkd, 1vkn, 1vl0, 1vl5, 1vli, 1vlo, 1vly, 1vm8, 1vmg, 1vmi, 1vp8, 1vpm, 1vpz (Rife et al., 2005 ▶ ), 1vqr (Xu, Schwarzenbacher, McMullan et al., 2006 ▶ ), 1vqs, 1vqy, 1vqz, 1vr0 (DiDonato et al., 2006 ▶ ), 1vr3 (Xu, Schwarzenbacher, Krishna et al., 2006 ▶ ), 1vr5, 1vr8 (Xu, Krishna et al., 2006 ▶ ), 1vrm (Han et al., 2006 ▶ ), 1z82, 1z85, 1zbt, 1zej, 1zh8, 1zko, 1ztc, 1zx8 (Jin et al., 2006 ▶ ), 1zy9, 1zyb, 2a3n, 2aam, 2aml, 2ax3, 2b8n (Schwarzenbacher et al., 2006 ▶ ), 2etd, 2ets, 2evr, 2f4i, 2f4l, 2fg0, 2fg9, 2fna, 2ftr, 2fup, 2fur, 2g0w, 2gb5, 2gc9, 2gf6, 2gfg, 2ghr (Zubieta et al., 2007 ▶ ), 2gno, 2go7, 2gpi, 2gpj, 2grj, 2gvh, 2h1q, 2h1t, 2h9f, 2hcf, 2hh6, 2hhz, 2hi0, 2hq7, 2hq9, 2hr2, 2hsz, 2huh, 2hx1, 2hx5, 2hxv, 2i02, 2i8d, 2i9w, 2ig6, 2ii1, 2ilb, 2isb, 2it9, 2itb, 2nuj, 2o08, 2o2g, 2o2x, 2o2z, 2o3l, 2o62, 2oa2, 2oaf, 2oc6, 2od5, 2ogi, 2oh1, 2oh3, 2oik, 2ooj, 2ook, 2op5, 2opl, 2oqm, 2ord, 2osd, 2otm, 2ou3, 2ou5, 2ou6, 2own, 2oyo, 2ozg, 2ozj, 2p10, 2p1a, 2p7i, 2p8j, 2pbl, 2peb, 2pfw, 2pg4, 2pgc, 2pke, 2pn1, 2pq7, 2pr7, 2prr, 2prv, 2pv4, 2pv7, 2pwn, 2py6, 2pyq, 2pyx, 2q02, 2q04, 2q0t, 2q14, 2q3l, 2q78, 2q7x, 2q9k, 2q9r, 2qe6, 2qe9, 2qez, 2qg3, 2qhp, 2qj8, 2ql8, 2qml, 2qpx, 2qr6, 2qtp, 2qtq, 2qw5, 2qww, 2qwz, 2qyv, 2r01, 2r0x, 2r1i, 2r3b, 2r44, 2r4i, 2r9v, 2ra9, 2ras, 2rcc, 2rcd, 2rd9, 2rdc, 2re3, 2re7, 2rfp, 2rgq, 2rha, 2rhm, 2rij, 2ril, 2rkh, 3b5e, 3b5o, 3b77, 3b7f, 3b81, 3b8l, 3bb5, 3bb9, 3bcw, 3bdd and 3bde.
Hydrolase
These enzymes play crucial roles in a wide range of biological processes, such as digestion, cellular signaling, and metabolic pathways.
Hydrolases can be further subdivided into numerous subclasses based on the specificity of their substrates and the type of reaction they catalyze.
Understanding the characteristics and functions of different hydrolases is essential for researchers studying topics like enzyme kinetics, drug development, and industrial biotechnology.
Optimizing hydrolase research through tools like PubCompare.ai can enhance reproducibility, accuracy, and the discovery of effective experimental methods.
Most cited protocols related to «Hydrolase»
The structures from the JCSG included PDB (Bernstein et al., 1977 ▶ ; Berman et al., 2000 ▶ ) entries 1o1x (Xu et al., 2004 ▶ ), 1vjf, 1vjr, 1vk4, 1vk8, 1vk9, 1vkd, 1vkn, 1vl0, 1vl5, 1vli, 1vlo, 1vly, 1vm8, 1vmg, 1vmi, 1vp8, 1vpm, 1vpz (Rife et al., 2005 ▶ ), 1vqr (Xu, Schwarzenbacher, McMullan et al., 2006 ▶ ), 1vqs, 1vqy, 1vqz, 1vr0 (DiDonato et al., 2006 ▶ ), 1vr3 (Xu, Schwarzenbacher, Krishna et al., 2006 ▶ ), 1vr5, 1vr8 (Xu, Krishna et al., 2006 ▶ ), 1vrm (Han et al., 2006 ▶ ), 1z82, 1z85, 1zbt, 1zej, 1zh8, 1zko, 1ztc, 1zx8 (Jin et al., 2006 ▶ ), 1zy9, 1zyb, 2a3n, 2aam, 2aml, 2ax3, 2b8n (Schwarzenbacher et al., 2006 ▶ ), 2etd, 2ets, 2evr, 2f4i, 2f4l, 2fg0, 2fg9, 2fna, 2ftr, 2fup, 2fur, 2g0w, 2gb5, 2gc9, 2gf6, 2gfg, 2ghr (Zubieta et al., 2007 ▶ ), 2gno, 2go7, 2gpi, 2gpj, 2grj, 2gvh, 2h1q, 2h1t, 2h9f, 2hcf, 2hh6, 2hhz, 2hi0, 2hq7, 2hq9, 2hr2, 2hsz, 2huh, 2hx1, 2hx5, 2hxv, 2i02, 2i8d, 2i9w, 2ig6, 2ii1, 2ilb, 2isb, 2it9, 2itb, 2nuj, 2o08, 2o2g, 2o2x, 2o2z, 2o3l, 2o62, 2oa2, 2oaf, 2oc6, 2od5, 2ogi, 2oh1, 2oh3, 2oik, 2ooj, 2ook, 2op5, 2opl, 2oqm, 2ord, 2osd, 2otm, 2ou3, 2ou5, 2ou6, 2own, 2oyo, 2ozg, 2ozj, 2p10, 2p1a, 2p7i, 2p8j, 2pbl, 2peb, 2pfw, 2pg4, 2pgc, 2pke, 2pn1, 2pq7, 2pr7, 2prr, 2prv, 2pv4, 2pv7, 2pwn, 2py6, 2pyq, 2pyx, 2q02, 2q04, 2q0t, 2q14, 2q3l, 2q78, 2q7x, 2q9k, 2q9r, 2qe6, 2qe9, 2qez, 2qg3, 2qhp, 2qj8, 2ql8, 2qml, 2qpx, 2qr6, 2qtp, 2qtq, 2qw5, 2qww, 2qwz, 2qyv, 2r01, 2r0x, 2r1i, 2r3b, 2r44, 2r4i, 2r9v, 2ra9, 2ras, 2rcc, 2rcd, 2rd9, 2rdc, 2re3, 2re7, 2rfp, 2rgq, 2rha, 2rhm, 2rij, 2ril, 2rkh, 3b5e, 3b5o, 3b77, 3b7f, 3b81, 3b8l, 3bb5, 3bb9, 3bcw, 3bdd and 3bde.
Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were compared by the method of [29 (link)], as implemented in the MedCalc® statistical software package.
The strain KDR:ROCK was isolated from crossing ROCK with SP followed by four backcrosses and genotype selections (see Section 2.2). KDR:ROCK is congenic to ROCK, but resistant to pyrethroids due to the Vssc mutations S989P + V1016G while containing no CYP‐mediated resistance. The procedure for isolating KDR:ROCK is illustrated in Fig.
Most recents protocols related to «Hydrolase»
Example 5
Three tobacco lines, FC401 wild type (Wt); FC40-M207 mutant line fourth generation (M4) and FC401-M544 mutant line fourth generation (M4) were used for candidate gene screening. Low anatabine traits were confirmed for the two tobacco mutant lines (M207 and M544) in root and leaf before screening (see
RNA was extracted from root tissues of wild type (Wt) FC401, M207 and M544 with RNeasy Plus Mini kit from Quiagen Inc. following the manufacturer's protocol. cDNA libraries were prepared from the RNAs using In-Fusion® SMARTer® Directional cDNA Library Construction Kit from Clontech Inc. cDNA libraries were diluted to 100 ng/μl and used as the template for candidate gene PCR screening.
PCR amplifications were performed in 50 μl final volumes that contained 50-100 ng of template DNA (i.e., the cDNA library) and 0.2 μM of primers (Fisher Scientific) using the Platinum® Taq DNA Polymerase High Fidelity kit (Life Technology Inc.). Thermocycling conditions included a 5 min incubation at 94° C.; followed by 34 cycles of 30 seconds at 94° C., 30 seconds at 58° C., 1 min 30 seconds at 68° C.; with a final reaction step of 68° C. for 7 mins. The PCR products were evaluated by agarose gel electrophoresis, and desired bands were gel purified and sequenced using an ABI 3730 DNA Analyzer (ABI).
51 candidate genes (listed in Table 4) were cloned from F401, Wt, M207 and M544 lines, and sequenced for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) detection.
Example 39
Generally, pharmacophores for FAAH inhibitors, urea and non-urea based, interact by either carbamoylating or forming transition-state mimics with the catalytic serine residue. However, since a large number of hydrolases utilize a similar catalytic serine residue, many FAAH inhibitors have suffered from poor selectivity. Therefore, the potency of t-TUCB, A-14 and A-21 on several other serine hydrolases was tested. Included in this panel were carboxylesterases, hydrolases involved in xenobiotic detoxification, and paraoxonases and esterases involved in the regulation of arterosclerosis. As is shown in Table 5 below, none of these serine hydrolases were inhibited by t-TUCB, A-14, or A-21.
The sample was diluted to 2 mg/mL, and 50 μL was absorbed. The probe was balanced in desiccant to room temperature, and 100 μL DMSO was added to prepare a 0.1 mm storage solution. 1 μL of ActivX® Serine Hydrolase Probes (Thermo, 88318) was added to each sample at a final concentration of 2 μm/μL. After mixing, the samples were incubated for 1 h at room temperature under the light. The reaction was terminated by boiling 10 μL 6X SDS–PAGE protein loading buffer for 5 min. The reaction was electrophoresed with 12% SDS–PAGE. Gels were scanned using Cy3 and Cy5 multichannel settings (605/50 and 695/55, filters respectively) and stained with Coomassie after scanning. Fluorescence intensity was analyzed by Image J. The SDS–PAGE with fluorescence coloring was placed in Coomassie brilliant blue glue dye solution and stained on a shaker for 2 h. Then, the molecules with fluorescence coloring and Coomassie brilliant blue staining were decolorized and scanned, and the different bands were cut out for identification.
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More about "Hydrolase"
These remarkable enzymes catalyze the hydrolytic cleavage of various chemical bonds, including ester, ether, peptide, and glycosidic linkages.
Hydrolases can be further subdivided into numerous subclasses, each with its own unique substrate specificity and catalytic mechanism.
Understanding the characteristics and functions of different hydrolases, such as serine hydrolases, is essential for researchers studying enzyme kinetics, drug development, and industrial biotechnology.
Tools like the ActivX TAMRA-FP Serine Hydrolase Probe can help identify and quantify active serine hydrolases in complex biological samples, while LDS sample buffer and Ni-NTA agarose can be used to prepare and purify hydrolase enzymes for further analysis.
The Anti-tyrosine hydrolase (Polyclonal rabbit) antibody can be employed to study the expression and localization of tyrosine hydrolases, which play a key role in neurotransmitter metabolism.
DMSO, a versatile solvent, is commonly used to solubilize hydrolase enzymes and other biomolecules for various experiments.
AutoDock Tools 1.5.6, a popular molecular docking software, can be utilized to study the interactions between hydrolases and potential inhibitors or substrates, aiding in drug discovery and enzyme engineering.
The Anti-Iba1 antibody is a useful tool for investigating the role of hydrolases in microglial activation and neuroinflammation, while COX-2 inhibitors can modulate the activity of hydrolases involved in prostaglandin synthesis.
Ultimately, optimizing hydrolase research through innovative tools like PubCompare.ai can enhance reproducibility, accuracy, and the discovery of effective experimental methods, allowing researchers to push the boundaries of our understanding of these essential enzymes.