mCardinal cDNA was PCR amplified with a 5′ primer encoding an AgeI site and a 3′ primer encoding either a BspEI (C1) or NotI (N1) site for C-terminal and N-terminal fusions (with regards to the FP), respectively. The purified and digested PCR products were ligated into similarly digested pEGFP-C1 and pEGFP-N1 cloning vectors to create pmCardinal-C1 and pmCardinal-N1. A cDNA fragment encoding each protein domain was PCR amplified with primers containing the appropriate restriction enzyme sites and ligated into pmCardinal-C1 or pmCardinal-N1. To prepare fusions at the N-terminus of mCardinal, the following digests were performed: human non-muscle α-actinin (GenBank accession number NM_001130005.1, source: Tom Keller, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A.), EcoRI and NotI; human calnexin (NM_001746.3, Origene), AgeI and NotI; human centromere protein B (NM_001810.5, Alexey Khodjakov, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY, U.S.A.), BamHI and NotI; rat β-2 connexin-26 (NM_001004099.1, Matthias Falk, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, U.S.A.), EcoRI and BamHI; human keratin 18 (NM_199187.1, Open Biosystems), EcoRI and NotI; yeast Lifeact (IDT DNA), BamHI and NotI; human pyruvate dehydrogenase, (NM_000284, Origene), AgeI and NotI; human peroxisomal membrane protein (NM_018663.1, Origene), NotI and AgeI; human vimentin (NM_003380.3, Origene), NheI and BamHI; chicken paxillin (NM_204984.1, Clare Waterman, NIH, Bethesda, MD, U.S.A), NheI and BamHI; mouse mannosidase II (NM_008549.2, Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz, NIH), NheI and BamHI; and human histone H1 (NM_008197.3, David Gilbert, Florida State University), BamHI and NheI. To prepare C-terminal fusions to mCardinal, the following digests were performed: human β-actin (NM_001101.3, Clontech), NheI and BglII; human α-tubulin (NM_006082, Clontech), NheI and BglII; human Rab4a (NM_004578.2, Viki Allen, University of Manchester, U.K.), BspEI and BamHI; human lamin B1 (NM_005573.2, George Patterson, NIH), EcoRI and BamHI; human myotilin (NM_006790.1, Origene), AgeI and BspEI; human fibrillarin (NM_001436.3, Evrogen), BglII and BamHI; human tight junction protein ZO1 (NM_003257.1, Origene), AgeI and BspEI; human VE cadherin (NM_001795.3, Origene), BglII and EcoRI; and the 20-amino-acid farnesylation signal from c-Ha-Ras (NM_001130442.1, Clontech), AgeI and BspEI. Full sequences of plasmids are available upon request.
Chu J., Haynes R.D., Corbel S.Y., Li P., González-González E., Burg J.S., Ataie N.J., Lam A.J., Cranfill P.J., Baird M.A., Davidson M.W., Ng H.L., Garcia K.C., Contag C.H., Shen K., Blau H.M, & Lin M.Z. (2014). Non-invasive intravital imaging of cellular differentiation with a bright red-excitable fluorescent protein. Nature methods, 11(5), 572-578.