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Plasma Proteins

Plasma proteins are a diverse group of macromolecules found in the blood plasma.
They play crucial roles in a wide range of physiological processes, including blood clotting, immune function, transport, and homeostasis.
This category encompasses a vast array of proteins, such as albumin, globulins, fibrinogen, and prothrombin, each with unique structures and functions.
Understanding the properties and interactions of plasma proteins is essential for diagnosing and treating various medical conditions, from coagulation disorders to inflammatory diseases.
Reserchers can explore the latest advancements in plasma protein research using innovative AI-driven tools like PubCompare.ai, which facilitates efficient protocol comparisons and product identification across published literature, preprints, and patents.

Most cited protocols related to «Plasma Proteins»

ADMETlab 2.0 provides a convenient and easy-to-use interface for users. Two services, Evaluation and Screening, are designed to support single-molecule and batch evaluation, whose input parameters and output information will be elaborated respectively.
In the Evaluation pattern, two molecular submission approaches are provided by pasting the SMILES string or drawing the chemical structure with the help of JMSE molecule editor (17 (link)). Once a user submits the job, the webserver will automatically standardize the input SMILES strings and compute all the endpoints. The prediction results are mainly displayed in the tabular format in the browser, with the 2D molecular structure and a radar plot summarizing the physicochemical quality of the compound. For those endpoints predicted by the regression models, such as Caco-2 permeability, plasma protein binding, etc., concrete predictive values are provided. For the endpoints predicted by the classification models, such as Pgp-inhibitor, hERG Blocker, etc., the prediction probability values are transformed into six symbols: 0-0.1(−−−), 0.1-0.3(−−), 0.3-0.5(−), 0.5-0.7(+), 0.7-0.9(++), and 0.9-1.0(+++). Usually, the token ‘+++’ or ‘++’ represents the molecule is more likely to be toxic or defective, while ‘−−−’ or ‘−−’ represents nontoxic or appropriate. Here, we do not recommend trusting predictions symbolled by ‘+’ or ‘−' (probably values in 0.3-0.7), and corresponding molecules require further assessment. The substructural rules available in the webserver, such as PAINS, SureChEMBL Rule, etc., were implemented using the SMARTS recognition capability of RDKit function. And the calculation of physicochemical and medicinal chemistry endpoints was based on the python library Scopy (18 ), following the parameters reported in corresponding original papers strictly. If the number of alerts is not zero, users can click the DETAIL button to check the undesirable substructures in the molecule. Finally, the full result file can be downloaded from the website in CSV or PDF format.
In the Screening pattern, two molecular submission approaches are provided by entering a list of SMILES strings or uploading a SDF or TXT formatted file. It should be noted that the file should only contain molecules without column headers and molecular indexes, otherwise the server may declare invalid input type. After all the predictions are completed, the results for each input molecule will be presented on a separate row, containing the assigned index, SMILES string, 2D molecular structure, and a View button. The prediction details can be accessed by clicking the View button of the corresponding molecule that links to the single-molecule evaluation page. These results can also be downloaded as a CSV-formatted file to the user's computer, where concrete probably values of classification endpoints are provided to enable the users to define their own thresholds to filter out deficient compounds with different levels of reliability. A typical ADMETlab 2.0 task for 1000 molecules requires ∼84 s, but it may also depend on the complexity of molecules.
Publication 2021
cDNA Library Molecular Structure Pain Permeability Plasma Plasma Proteins Python
While our DNAm GrimAge was defined with respect to DNAm based surrogate biomarkers, our observed Grim Age estimators is not based on DNA methylation levels. Rather, it is based on observed plasma protein levels, self-report pack-years, age, and gender. Observed GrimAge was built by fitted a Cox regression model using the observed variables in the same FHS training data that were used for building the DNAm GrimAge estimator. We computed a corresponding measure of age acceleration, called observed AgeAccelGrim, by adjusting observed GrimAge for chronological age (defined as raw residual resulting from regressing observed GrimAge on chronological age).
Publication 2019
Acceleration DNA Methylation Plasma Proteins Surrogate Markers
Animals: C57BL/6 (Jackson Laboratory), C57BL/6 aged mice (National Institutes of Aging), Dcx-Luc20 (link), and C57BL/6J-Act-GFP (Jackson Laboratory). All animal use was in accordance with institutional guidelines approved by the VA Palo Alto Committee on Animal Research. Parabiosis surgery followed previously described procedures19 (link) with the addition that peritonea between animals were surgically connected. Immunohistochemistry followed standard published techniques24 (link). Extracellular electrophysiology was performed as previously described25 (link). Spatial learning and memory was assayed with the RAWM paradigm as previously published26 (link). Contextual fear conditioning was assayed as previously published27 (link). Relative plasma concentrations of cytokines and signaling molecules in mice and humans were measured using antibody-based multiplex immunoassays at Rules Based Medicine, Inc. Statistical analysis was performed with Prism 5.0 software (GraphPad Software). Plasma protein correlations were analyzed with the Significance Analysis of Microarray software (SAM 3.00 algorithm; http://www.stat.stanford.edu/~tibs/SAM/index.htm). Experiments were carried out by investigators blinded to the treatment of animals.
Publication 2011
Animals Cytokine Fear Homo sapiens Immunoassay Immunoglobulins Immunohistochemistry Memory Mice, House Mice, Inbred C57BL Microarray Analysis Operative Surgical Procedures Peritoneum Pharmaceutical Preparations Plasma Plasma Proteins prisma
Detailed materials and methods are provided in the supplementary materials (12 (link)). We performed a genome-proteome-wide association study among 10,708 participants of European-descent in the Fenland study (Table S1) on 10.2 million genetic variants and plasma abundances of 4,775 distinct protein targets measured in plasma using established workflows (15 (link)). Protein targets were measured using the SomaScan v4 assay employing 4,979 single-stranded oligonucleotides (aptamers) with specific binding affinities to 4,775 unique protein targets (68 (link), 69 (link)). We used the term ‘protein target’ to refer to proteins targeted by at least one aptamer. We define significant genetic variant – protein target associations (pQTLs) at a stringent Bonferroni-threshold (p<1.004×10−11) and performed approximate conditional analysis to detect secondary signals for each genomic region identified by distance-based clumping of association statistics. We defined cross-aptamer regions using a combined approach of multi-trait colocalization (46 (link)) and LD-clumping. We classified pQTLs as protein- or pathway-specific by assessing pQTL-specificity across the entire proteome (p<5×10−8) while testing whether associated protein targets were captured by a common GO term or a protein community in a data-driven protein network. We computed the variance explained in plasma abundances of protein targets by cis- (within ±500kb of the protein-encoding gene) or trans-pQTLs according to different specificity categories using linear regression models. We used statistical colocalization (70 (link)) to test for a shared genetic signal between expression or alternative splicing of the protein-encoding gene and the cis-pQTL in one out of at least 49 tissues of the GTEx v8 project (24 (link)). We systematically cross-referenced established genetic risk loci for common complex diseases and phenotypes with pQTLs by identifying cis-pQTLs or strong proxies (r2>0.8) in the GWAS catalog (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/gwas/). We finally performed phenome-wide colocalization screens at 1,548 protein-encoding loci using publicly available (71 (link)) as well as in-house curated genome-wide association statistics for thousands of phenotypes. We applied stringent priors and conservative filters to derive high confidence protein – phenotype links. We used basic functions of R (v.3.6.0), the R package igraph, and the BioRender web application (https://biorender.com/) to create figures. The Fenland study was approved by the National Health Service (NHS) Health Research Authority Research Ethics Committee (NRES Committee – East of England Cambridge Central, ref. 04/Q0108/19), and all participants provided written informed consent.
Publication 2021
Binding Proteins Biological Assay Ethics Committees, Research Europeans Gene Products, Protein Genetic Diversity Genetic Loci Genetic Testing Genome Genome-Wide Association Study Health Services, National link protein Oligonucleotides Phenotype Plasma Plasma Proteins Proteins Protein Targeting, Cellular Proteome Serum Proteins Staphylococcal Protein A Tissues
Eight-plex stable isotope masstags (iTRAQ) were employed to identify and quantify plasma proteins of 406 Nepalese children by high-throughput tandem mass spectrometry. Isotopically resolved masses in MS and MS/MS spectra were extracted with and without deconvolution using Thermo Scientific Xtract software. Both data sets were searched against the RefSeq 40 database using Mascot (Matrix Science) through Proteome Discoverer software (v1.3, Thermo Scientific), producing two mascot scores for each fragmentation spectrum. To avoid redundancies in peptide identification, only the highest of these two scores was used to identify the peptide and determine if the peptide identification passed the 5% false discovery rate filter, based on a concatenated decoy database search. To avoid redundancies in quantitation, only the reporter ions from the spectrum matched to peptide identifications with the highest Mascot score before or after deconvolution by the Xtract function were used for quantitation of reporter ion intensities. Only spectra with reporter ion intensities observed in all eight channels were used for peptide and protein quantitation. More details are given in the section Experimental Parameters in the Supporting Information.
Publication 2013
Child Isotopes Peptides Plasma Proteins Proteins Proteome Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Most recents protocols related to «Plasma Proteins»

Concentration of nicotine and its principal metabolite cotinine were measured from prenatally e-cig exposed mice plasma at PD7 by LCMS/MS analysis using Cotinine-d3 (MilliporeSigma, St. Louis, MO, USA) as an internal standard (IS) following a previously published method [44 (link)]. In brief, samples were prepared by protein precipitation of 25 µL mouse plasma using acetonitrile at 1:8 ratio. Mass Spectrometer was operated in positive polarity under the multiple reaction monitoring mode using electrospray ionization technique. The transitions of m/z 163.2 → 132.1, 177.2 → 98.0 and 180.2 → 101.2 were used to measure the nicotine, cotinine, and IS, respectively. The elution of nicotine (MilliporeSigma), cotinine (MilliporeSigma), and IS were at 1.89, 1.77, and 1.76 min, respectively. This was achieved with a mobile gradient phase consisting of 5 mM ammonium bicarbonate, acetonitrile, and methanol (3:1, v/v) at a 0.3 mL/min flow rate on a Kinetex EVO C18 column (Phenomenex, Torrance, CA, USA).
Publication 2023
acetonitrile ammonium bicarbonate Cotinine Laser Capture Microdissection Methanol Mice, House Nicotine Plasma Plasma Proteins Serum Proteins
Aging proteins were identified by integrating the information of four independent studies using the SOMAscan platform for proteomic measurements (Sathyan et al., 2020b (link); Arthur et al., 2021 (link); Ferkingstad et al., 2021 (link); Robbins et al., 2021 (link)). Two studies stated that they used SomaScan version 4 (Sathyan et al., 2020b (link); Ferkingstad et al., 2021 (link)) and two studies reported a ‘5k assay’ (Arthur et al., 2021 (link); Robbins et al., 2021 (link)). As several SOMAmers target similar proteins this provides a resolution on proteoform level, however for readability we refer to ‘proteins’ across this study and an overview of the number of included aptamers across studies is presented in Table 1. Two studies provided raw SOMAscan data of the plasma proteome (Arthur et al., 2021 (link); Robbins et al., 2021 (link)), while the other two provided summary statistics of their analyses for all measured plasma proteins (Sathyan et al., 2020b (link); Ferkingstad et al., 2021 (link)). For a full overview of the included studies and demographics, see Table 1. For the studies providing raw data, we performed linear modeling to test for the effect of age on protein expression levels, while correcting for most of the available metadata to correct for possible confounding effects. Proteins were defined as significantly associated to aging at a Benjamini-Hochberg (FDR) adjusted p-value (q) below 0.01 (q < .01).
Publication 2023
Biological Assay Plasma Plasma Proteins Proteins Proteome
To test which phenotypes are enriched in associations with APs, we made use of summary statistics as provided by Ferkingstad et al. (2021) (Ferkingstad et al., 2021 (link)). In short, they identified across 373 phenotypes which of their 5,284 plasma proteins were associated to this phenotype after correction for age and sex effects and accounting for multiple testing using the Bonferroni correction. Applying this information of sets of proteins associated to specific phenotypes, we could then infer the number of APs associated to each phenotype. Using a hypergeometric test, we then tested for each phenotype if the number of APs associated to it was greater than expected in the corresponding set size, given the number of APs (273) in the complete proteomic background dataset (5,284 proteins). Nominal p-values were corrected using a Bonferroni approach, and associations were considered significant at an adjusted p < .01.
Publication 2023
Phenotype Plasma Proteins Proteins SET protein, human
The rat blood plasma was obtained by centrifugation of whole blood and immediately used to determine biochemical markers of the functional state of the liver (the activity of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, bilirubin concentration, and the thymol test) and lipid concentrations2 (link). ALT and AST activities were determined by Reitman-Fresnel method, total and direct bilirubin were determined by Endraschik method and thymol test was performed using thymol reagent checking the test kits (R&D enterprise Felicity-Diagnostics, Ukraine).
We determined the concentration of the following compounds in the blood plasma (mg%): phospholipids, cholesterol (CHOL), cholesterol esters (ECHOL), free fatty acids, triglycerides. Lipids were divided by the method of thin-layer chromatography49 . Chromatographic separation of lipid components of plasma was carried out on “Silufol” plates. After treatment with an aqueous solution of phosphomolybdic acid, a quantitative assessment of the color intensity of each fraction was performed using a densitometer DO-1 M (“Shimadzu”, Japan, λ 620 nm)50 (link).
Blood cell mass was used to obtain erythrocyte plasma membrane preparations by the slightly modified Dodge’s method. Plasma membrane preparations were used to determine the ATPase activities of the primary active ion transport systems (total Mg2+, Na+, K+-ATPase, basal Mg2+-ATPase and Na+, K+-ATPase). The protein concentration in the preparations of the erythrocyte plasma membranes (PM) was determined by Lowry’s method51 (link). Total Mg2+, Na+, K+-ATPase activity was determined in the fraction of erythrocyte PMs in the standard incubation medium (in mM): 1 ATP, 3 MgCl2, 125 NaCl, 25 KCl, 1 EGTA, 20 Hepes-Tris-buffer (pH 7.4), 1 NaN3 (inhibitor of mitochondria ATPase), 0.1 µm thapsigargin (the selective inhibitor of Ca2+,Mg2+-ATPase of endoplasmatic reticulum) and 0.1% digitonin (the factor of PM perforation), at 37 °C. The Mg2+-ATPase activity was determined by the presence of a selective inhibitor Na+,K+-ATPase ouabain (1 mM) in the incubation medium. The Na+, K+-ATP activity was calculated as the difference between the total Mg2+, Na+, K+-ATPase and the ouabain-insensitive Mg2+-ATPase activity52 (link),53 (link).
This paper presents a statistical analysis of the experimental data obtained in the study and processed by the variation statistics methods using the Origin Pro 8 software. The samples were checked to belong to normally distributed general populations according to the Shapiro–Wilk criterion. The dispersion analysis was used to determine reliable differences between the mean values of samplings, and the post-test comparison was made using the Tukey test. In all cases, the results were reliable on the condition of the probability value p under 5% (p < 0.05). The obtained results were presented as the arithmetic mean ± standard error of the mean value, and the n value was determined by the total in the number of experiments.
Publication 2023
Active Ion Transport Adenosine Triphosphatases Aftercare Aspartate Transaminase Bilirubin BLOOD Blood Cells Ca(2+) Mg(2+)-ATPase Centrifugation Cholesterol Cholesterol Esters Chromatography D-Alanine Transaminase Diagnosis Digitonin Egtazic Acid Erythrocyte Membrane Erythrocytes HEPES Lipids Liver Magnesium Chloride Mitochondria Nonesterified Fatty Acids Ouabain Phospholipids phosphomolybdic acid Plasma Plasma Membrane Plasma Proteins Population Group Reticulum Silufol Sodium Azide Sodium Chloride Thapsigargin Thymol Tissue, Membrane Triglycerides Tromethamine
Plasma samples collected on W1D1, week 5 day 1 (W5D1) and week 9 day 1 (W9D1) were tested for potential biomarkers, including HGF, MET, GAS6, and AXL (the protein level at W1D1 was defined as baseline). Detection was achieved using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits and the following procedures: GAS6 (Human Gas 6 DuoSet ELISA, R&D Systems, Inc., Minneapolis, USA), AXL (Human Axl DuoSet ELISA, R&D Systems, Inc., Minneapolis, USA), HGF (Human HGF Immunoassay, R&D Systems, Inc., Minneapolis, USA), and c-MET (Human c-Met Assay Kit MCM, Immuno-Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd., Gunma, Japan). ELISA kits were validated by using test samples over the range of the standard curve, testing for precision and accuracy, examining diurnally, assessing between-day reproducibility and dilution reproducibility, undertaking freeze–thaw tests and stability tests at room temperature, as well as assessing storage stability for up to 6 months. Validation and measurements were conducted by LSI Medicine Corporation (Tokyo, Japan). Plasma protein concentrations (ng/mL) were obtained by fitting to the standard curve.
Publication 2023
Biological Assay Biological Markers Biopharmaceuticals Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Freezing Homo sapiens Immunoassay MET protein, human Pharmaceutical Preparations Plasma Plasma Proteins Proteins Technique, Dilution

Top products related to «Plasma Proteins»

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The Plasma Membrane Protein Extraction Kit is designed for the isolation of plasma membrane proteins from various cell types. It utilizes a series of centrifugation steps to fractionate cellular components and enrich for plasma membrane proteins.
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The Minute Plasma Membrane Protein Isolation and Cell Fractionation Kit is a laboratory equipment used to rapidly isolate plasma membrane proteins and fractionate cellular components. It enables the separation and purification of cellular organelles and subcellular fractions.
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The Minute Plasma Membrane Protein Isolation Kit is a tool designed to isolate plasma membrane proteins from a variety of cell types. The kit utilizes a rapid and efficient method to separate plasma membrane proteins from other cellular components, allowing for their downstream analysis.
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The Pierce BCA Protein Assay Kit is a colorimetric-based method for the quantification of total protein in a sample. It utilizes the bicinchoninic acid (BCA) reaction, where proteins reduce Cu2+ to Cu+ in an alkaline environment, and the resulting purple-colored reaction is measured spectrophotometrically.
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The SPECTROstar Nano Microplate Reader is a versatile laboratory instrument designed for absorbance-based microplate assays. It provides precise and accurate measurements of optical density across a range of wavelengths, enabling users to perform a variety of spectrophotometric analyses.
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The BCA Protein Assay Kit is a colorimetric detection and quantification method for total protein concentration. It utilizes bicinchoninic acid (BCA) for the colorimetric detection and quantification of total protein. The assay is based on the reduction of Cu2+ to Cu1+ by protein in an alkaline medium, with the chelation of BCA with the Cu1+ ion resulting in a purple-colored reaction product that exhibits a strong absorbance at 562 nm, which is proportional to the amount of protein present in the sample.
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PVDF membranes are a type of laboratory equipment used for a variety of applications. They are made from polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), a durable and chemically resistant material. PVDF membranes are known for their high mechanical strength, thermal stability, and resistance to a wide range of chemicals. They are commonly used in various filtration, separation, and analysis processes in scientific and research settings.
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The Bradford assay is a colorimetric protein assay used to measure the concentration of protein in a solution. It is based on the color change of the Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 dye in response to various concentrations of protein.
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The Plasma Membrane Protein Isolation Kit is a laboratory product designed to isolate and extract plasma membrane proteins from cells. It provides a method for the separation and purification of these specific proteins from the cellular components.

More about "Plasma Proteins"

Plasma proteins are a diverse group of macromolecules found in the bloodstream, playing crucial roles in various physiological processes.
This category encompasses a wide array of proteins, including albumin, globulins, fibrinogen, and prothrombin, each with unique structures and functions.
Understanding the properties and interactions of these plasma proteins is essential for diagnosing and treating medical conditions, from coagulation disorders to inflammatory diseases.
Researchers can explore the latest advancements in plasma protein research using innovative AI-driven tools like PubCompare.ai.
This cutting-edge platform facilitates efficient protocol comparisons and product identification across published literature, preprints, and patents.
With PubCompare.ai, researchers can easily locate the best protocols and products for their plasma protein studies, optimizing their research and discoveries.
In addition to PubCompare.ai, researchers may also utilize various kits and assays to extract, isolate, and quantify plasma membrane proteins.
The Plasma Membrane Protein Extraction Kit, Minute Plasma Membrane Protein Isolation and Cell Fractionation Kit, and Minute Plasma Membrane Protein Isolation Kit provide effective methods for extracting and purifying these proteins from cells.
The Pierce BCA Protein Assay Kit and SPECTROstar Nano Microplate Reader can be used to accurately measure the concentration of plasma proteins, while the BCA protein assay and Bradford assay are commonly employed for this purpose.
Furthermore, PVDF membranes are often utilized in western blotting techniques to analyze and quantify plasma proteins.
By leveraging these tools and technologies, researchers can delve deeper into the complexities of plasma protein structure, function, and interactions, ultimately advancing our understanding of their roles in health and disease.