PCR products were ligated into mVenus-C1 plasmids by cutting the vector and PCR product with restriction enzymes BsrGI and KpnI. Restriction sites are marked in bold in primer sequences. In all cases, full length p63RhoGEF16 (link) was used as a template for PCR. To construct YFP-cDH (amino acid 155–347 of p63RhoGEF), p63RhoGEF was amplified using forward primer 5′- GC
RFP variants of these constructs were made by color swapping the mVenus with mCherry with restriction enzymes AgeI and BsrGI.
The RFP-p63RhoGEF and RFP-p63RhoGEF1 (link)2 (link)3 (link)4 (link)5 (link)6 (link)7 (link)8 (link)9 (link)10 11 (link)12 (link)13 (link)14 (link)15 (link)16 (link)17 (link)18 (link)19 (link)20 (link)21 (link)22 (link)23 (link)24 (link)25 (link)26 (link)27 (link)28 (link)29 (link) (amino acid 1–29 of p63RhoGEF) were obtained by cutting the mVenus variants described earlier20 (link) with AgeI and BsrGI and exchanging mVenus for mCherry.
RFP-FKBP12-C1 was obtained as previously described20 (link).
The RFP-FKBP12-cDH was obtained by cutting RFP-FKBP12-C1 with MfeI and Acc651 and inserting the DH domain cut from the RFP-cDH vector with MfeI and BsrGI. A schematic overview of the constructs is depicted in
A Dimerization Optimized Reporter for Activation (DORA) single-chain RhoA biosensor was constructed such that GTP-loading of RhoA is translated into fluorescent protein heterodimerization, thereby increasing FRET.
The DORA-RhoA coding sequence within a pTriEx backbone is MAHHHHHHGSGS-cpPKN-GTGS-cpV-L9H-L9H-L9H-GS-Cer3(1–229)-AS-RhoA. The lay-out is analogous to a previously published RhoA probe21 (link), retaining regulation by Rho GDIs. Introducing the Q63L mutation in RhoA, locking RhoA in the GTP-bound state and mutating PKN1 (L59Q), preventing binding of RhoA, respectively, resulted in constitutive active (RhoAsensor-ca) and non-binding (RhoAsensor-nb) sensors. The detailed development of the sensor will be described elsewhere.
pTriExRhoA1G and pTriExRhoA2G (Addgene plasmid # 40176) were a gift from Olivier Pertz.
EGFP-MKL2 was a kindly provided by J.S. Hinson33 (link). We swapped the EGFP for mVenus with restriction enzymes AgeI and BsrGI.
The Lck-FRB-ECFP (W66A) and Lck-FRB-ECFP were a kind gift from M. Putyrski51 (link), FRB-YFP-Giantin and CFP-FRB-MoA were a kind gift from T. Inoue52 (link). We swapped the YFP in FRB-YFP-Giantin for ECFP (W66A) with restriction enzymes AgeI and BsrGI. We swapped the CFP in CFP-FRB-MoA for ECFP (W66A) with restriction enzymes NheI and BsrGI. A bacterial expression plasmid RSET-YCam 3.6 was a kind gift of A.Miyawaki36 (link). To enable expression in eukaryotic cells we cut the YCam 3.6 coding sequence from the plasmid with NheI and EcoRI and inserted the fragment in a Clontech-style pEGFP-C1 plasmid, cut with the same enzymes.