The largest database of trusted experimental protocols
> Chemicals & Drugs > Amino Acid > Tocilizumab

Tocilizumab

Tocilizumab is a monoclonal antibody that binds to the interleukin-6 receptor, inhibiting its pro-inflammatory effects.
It is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, giant cell arteritis, and other inflammatory conditions.
PubCompare.ai can enhance Tocilizumab research by locating the most accurate and reproducible protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, and providing AI-driven protocol comparisons to optimize your studies and unlock new insights to advance your Tocilizumab resesarch.

Most cited protocols related to «Tocilizumab»

The RECOVERY trial was designed to evaluate the effects of potential treatments in patients hospitalized with Covid-19 at 176 National Health Service organizations in the United Kingdom and was supported by the National Institute for Health Research Clinical Research Network. (Details regarding this trial are provided in the Supplementary Appendix, available with the full text of this article at NEJM.org.) The trial is being coordinated by the Nuffield Department of Population Health at the University of Oxford, the trial sponsor. Although the randomization of patients to receive dexamethasone, hydroxychloroquine, or lopinavir–ritonavir has now been stopped, the trial continues randomization to groups receiving azithromycin, tocilizumab, or convalescent plasma.
Hospitalized patients were eligible for the trial if they had clinically suspected or laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and no medical history that might, in the opinion of the attending clinician, put patients at substantial risk if they were to participate in the trial. Initially, recruitment was limited to patients who were at least 18 years of age, but the age limit was removed starting on May 9, 2020. Pregnant or breast-feeding women were eligible.
Written informed consent was obtained from all the patients or from a legal representative if they were unable to provide consent. The trial was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Good Clinical Practice guidelines of the International Conference on Harmonisation and was approved by the U.K. Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency and the Cambridge East Research Ethics Committee. The protocol with its statistical analysis plan is available at NEJM.org and on the trial website at www.recoverytrial.net.
The initial version of the manuscript was drafted by the first and last authors, developed by the writing committee, and approved by all members of the trial steering committee. The funders had no role in the analysis of the data, in the preparation or approval of the manuscript, or in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. The first and last members of the writing committee vouch for the completeness and accuracy of the data and for the fidelity of the trial to the protocol and statistical analysis plan.
Publication 2020
Azithromycin Committee Members Conferences COVID 19 Dexamethasone Ethics Committees, Research Health Services, National Hydroxychloroquine lopinavir-ritonavir drug combination Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Plasma Population Health tocilizumab Woman
135 COVID-19 patients admitted to Yale-New Haven Hospital (YNHH) between March 18th and May 5th, 2020 were included in this study. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected, as recently described23 (link), approximately every four days for SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR analysis where clinically feasible. Paired whole blood for flow cytometry analysis was collected simultaneously in sodium heparin-coated vacutainers and kept on gentle agitation until processing. All blood was processed the same day as collection from patients. Patients were scored for COVID-19 disease severity through review of electronic medical records (EMR) at each longitudinal time point. Scores were assigned by a clinical infectious disease physician according to a custom developed disease severity scale. Moderate disease status (Clinical Score 1, 2 and 3) was defined as: (1) SARS-CoV-2 infection requiring hospitalization without supplemental oxygen, (2) infection requiring non-invasive supplemental oxygen (<3 L / min, sufficient to maintain greater than 92% SpO2), (3) infection requiring non-invasive supplemental oxygen (> 3L supplemental oxygen to maintain SpO2 > 92%, or, required > 2L supplemental oxygen to maintain SpO2 > 92% and had a high sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) > 70) and received tocilizumab. Severe disease status (Clinical score 4 and 5) was defined as infection meeting all criteria for clinical score 3 while also requiring admission to the YNHH Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and > 6L supplemental oxygen to maintain SpO2 > 92% (4); or infection requiring invasive mechanical ventilation / extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in addition to glucocorticoid / vasopressor administration (5). Clinical score 6 was assigned for deceased patients. Of note, the use of tocilizumab can increase circulating levels of IL-6 through inhibition of IL-6Rα-mediated degradation. Analysis of our cohort indicate higher plasma levels of IL-6 in both moderate and severe patients that received tocilizumab treatment (Extended data Fig. 1d).
For all patients, days from symptom onset were estimated according to the following scheme: (1) highest priority was given explicit onset dates provided by patients; (2) next highest priority was given to the earliest reported symptom by a patient, and (3) in the absence of direct information regarding symptom onset, we estimated a date through manual assessment of the electronic medical record (EMRs) by an independent clinician. Demographic information was aggregated through a systematic and retrospective review of patient EMRs and was used to construct Extended Table 1. Symptom onset and etiology was recorded through standardized interview with patients or patient surrogates upon enrollment in our study, or alternatively through manual EMR review if no interview was possible due to clinical status. The clinical data was collected using EPIC EHR and REDCap 9.3.6 software.
Publication 2020
BLOOD Communicable Diseases COVID 19 C Reactive Protein Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Flow Cytometry Glucocorticoids Hematologic Tests Heparin Sodium Hospitalization Infection Mechanical Ventilation Nasopharynx Oxygen Patients Physicians Plasma Psychological Inhibition SARS-CoV-2 Saturation of Peripheral Oxygen tocilizumab Vasoconstrictor Agents
135 COVID-19 patients admitted to Yale-New Haven Hospital (YNHH) between March 18th and May 5th, 2020 were included in this study. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected, as recently described23 (link), approximately every four days for SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR analysis where clinically feasible. Paired whole blood for flow cytometry analysis was collected simultaneously in sodium heparin-coated vacutainers and kept on gentle agitation until processing. All blood was processed the same day as collection from patients. Patients were scored for COVID-19 disease severity through review of electronic medical records (EMR) at each longitudinal time point. Scores were assigned by a clinical infectious disease physician according to a custom developed disease severity scale. Moderate disease status (Clinical Score 1, 2 and 3) was defined as: (1) SARS-CoV-2 infection requiring hospitalization without supplemental oxygen, (2) infection requiring non-invasive supplemental oxygen (<3 L / min, sufficient to maintain greater than 92% SpO2), (3) infection requiring non-invasive supplemental oxygen (> 3L supplemental oxygen to maintain SpO2 > 92%, or, required > 2L supplemental oxygen to maintain SpO2 > 92% and had a high sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) > 70) and received tocilizumab. Severe disease status (Clinical score 4 and 5) was defined as infection meeting all criteria for clinical score 3 while also requiring admission to the YNHH Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and > 6L supplemental oxygen to maintain SpO2 > 92% (4); or infection requiring invasive mechanical ventilation / extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in addition to glucocorticoid / vasopressor administration (5). Clinical score 6 was assigned for deceased patients. Of note, the use of tocilizumab can increase circulating levels of IL-6 through inhibition of IL-6Rα-mediated degradation. Analysis of our cohort indicate higher plasma levels of IL-6 in both moderate and severe patients that received tocilizumab treatment (Extended data Fig. 1d).
For all patients, days from symptom onset were estimated according to the following scheme: (1) highest priority was given explicit onset dates provided by patients; (2) next highest priority was given to the earliest reported symptom by a patient, and (3) in the absence of direct information regarding symptom onset, we estimated a date through manual assessment of the electronic medical record (EMRs) by an independent clinician. Demographic information was aggregated through a systematic and retrospective review of patient EMRs and was used to construct Extended Table 1. Symptom onset and etiology was recorded through standardized interview with patients or patient surrogates upon enrollment in our study, or alternatively through manual EMR review if no interview was possible due to clinical status. The clinical data was collected using EPIC EHR and REDCap 9.3.6 software.
Publication 2020
BLOOD Communicable Diseases COVID 19 C Reactive Protein Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Flow Cytometry Glucocorticoids Hematologic Tests Heparin Sodium Hospitalization Infection Mechanical Ventilation Nasopharynx Oxygen Patients Physicians Plasma Psychological Inhibition SARS-CoV-2 Saturation of Peripheral Oxygen tocilizumab Vasoconstrictor Agents
The RECOVERY trial is an investigator-initiated, individually randomized, controlled,
open-label, platform trial to evaluate the effects of potential treatments in patients
hospitalized with COVID19. The trial is conducted at 176 hospitals in the United Kingdom
(see Supplementary Appendix), supported by the National Institute for Health Research
Clinical Research Network. The trial is coordinated by the Nuffield Department of
Population Health at University of Oxford, the trial sponsor. Although the
hydroxychloroquine, dexamethasone, and lopinavir-ritonavir arms have now been stopped, the
trial continues to study the effects of azithromycin, tocilizumab, and convalescent plasma
(and other treatments may be studied in the future).
Hospitalized patients were eligible for the study if they had clinically suspected or
laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and no medical history that might, in the
opinion of the attending clinician, put the patient at significant risk if they were to
participate in the trial. Initially, recruitment was limited to patients aged at least 18
years but from 9 May 2020, the age limit was removed. Patients with known prolonged
electrocardiograph QTc interval were ineligible for the hydroxychloroquine arm.
Co-administration with medications that prolong the QT interval was not an absolute
contraindication but attending clinicians were advised to check the QT interval by
performing an electrocardiogram.
Written informed consent was obtained from all patients or from a legal representative if
they were too unwell or unable to provide consent. The trial was conducted in accordance
with the principles of the International Conference on Harmonization–Good Clinical
Practice guidelines and approved by the UK Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory
Agency (MHRA) and the Cambridge East Research Ethics Committee (ref: 20/EE/0101). The
protocol and statistical analysis plan are available at NEJM.org with additional
information in the Supplementary Appendix and on the study website www.recoverytrial.net.
Publication 2020
Azithromycin Conferences COVID 19 Dexamethasone Electrocardiography Ethics Committees, Research Hydroxychloroquine lopinavir-ritonavir drug combination Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Plasma tocilizumab
Data were collected at study entry using a web-based case report form that included demographics and major comorbidities (appendix p 32). All eligible and consenting patients received usual standard of care and underwent an initial (main) randomisation comprising up to three parts in a factorial design (appendix pp 29–30): part 1, no additional treatment versus either dexamethasone, lopinavir–ritonavir, hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, or colchicine; part 2, no additional treatment versus either convalescent plasma or REGN-COV2 (a combination of two monoclonal antibodies directed against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein); and part 3, no additional treatment versus aspirin. Over time, treatment groups were added to and removed from the protocol (appendix pp 26–29), and not all treatments were available at every hospital. Similarly, not all treatments were suitable for some patients (eg, owing to comorbid conditions or concomitant medication). In any of these cases, randomisation was between fewer groups.
Up to 21 days after the main randomisation and regardless of treatment allocation, RECOVERY trial participants with clinical evidence of progressive COVID-19 (defined as oxygen saturation <92% on room air or receiving oxygen therapy, and CRP ≥75 mg/L) could be considered for randomisation to tocilizumab versus usual care alone. Baseline data collected for this randomisation included amount of respiratory support, markers of progressive COVID-19 (including most recent oxygen saturation, CRP, ferritin, and creatinine result before second randomisation), suitability for the study treatment, and treatment availability at the site (appendix pp 33–34). For some patients, tocilizumab was unavailable at the hospital at the time of enrolment or was considered by the managing physician to be either definitely indicated or definitely contraindicated. In such cases, the patients were not eligible for the tocilizumab randomisation. Patients with known hypersensitivity to tocilizumab, evidence of active tuberculosis infection or clear evidence of active bacterial, fungal, viral, or other infection (besides COVID-19) were not eligible for randomisation to tocilizumab.
Patients who were eligible for randomisation to tocilizumab were assigned to either usual standard of care or usual standard of care plus tocilizumab in a 1:1 ratio by means of web-based simple (unstratified) randomisation with allocation concealed until after randomisation. Allocated treatment was prescribed by the managing doctor. Roche Products (Welwyn Garden City, UK) supported the trial through provision of tocilizumab. Participants and local study staff were not masked to the allocated treatment. The steering committee, investigators, and all others involved in the trial were masked to the outcome data during the trial.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2021

Most recents protocols related to «Tocilizumab»

Measurement of serum IL-6 level and administration of tocilizumab were routinely suggested, but not mandatory, when severe sepsis/septic shock was suspected or diagnosed. Administration of tocilizumab for conditions other than rheumatoid arthritis or juvenile idiopathic arthritis and laboratory tests for IL-6 level were both not covered by National Health Insurance in Taiwan. The parents could make the decision to refuse one or both after discussing with the treated physicians. Therefore, blood samples were collected to test IL-6 level, and tocilizumab was administered only when we obtained informed consent for the self-pay agreement from the parents. Tocilizumab was administered intravenously as a single dose at 8 mg/kg for weight ≥ 30 kg or 12 mg/kg for weight < 30 kg.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2024
This was a single-center retrospective cohort study conducted in a tertiary care, academic medical center in the United States. This retrospective study was approved by Vanderbilt University Institutional Review Board (#21240) and were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Patients were included if they were adults 18 years or older and treated in an ICU, with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 infection. We focused only on patients in the ICU, rather than other clinical settings, e.g., ward or ambulatory setting, as patients in the ICU are at higher risk for developing delirium/coma due to a multitude of factors including increased exposure to analgesics/sedatives, increased need for mechanical ventilation, and the ICU environment itself15 (link). The tocilizumab group included patients that received concomitant therapy of corticosteroids and tocilizumab from December 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021. The control group (corticosteroids without tocilizumab) included patients that received corticosteroids from July 1, 2020 to November 30, 2020. During this timeframe, tocilizumab was not suggested by the National Institute of Health guidelines as an additional treatment to corticosteroids. Patients were excluded if they were pregnant or prisoners.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2024
The Tocilizumab mimotope (KTMSAEEFDNWLGGGSGGGS)26 (link) was synthesized chemically with a purity of > 98%. A segment peptide (AIPLVVPFYSHSGGGSGGGS) in the M13 phage from the phage display library (E8110S, NEB) served as a control. Mice were immunized through subcutaneous injection with 100 μg of the Tocilizumab mimotope and control peptide on days −52, −31, and −10. Complete Freund adjuvant/incomplete Freund adjuvant (CFA/IFA) (F5881/F5506, Merck) was used as the adjuvant in all groups.
Publication 2024
This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Hospital Corporation of America (HCA) Healthcare (Nashville, TN, USA) in October 2021. It is a large, retrospective cohort study of 5638 adult patients aged 18 years and older, with severe COVID-19 infection admitted to 16 HCA hospitals in the Houston area of Texas from 1 May 2021 to 30 September 2021 and who received either SOC or SOC plus at least one dose of baricitinib or tocilizumab. No patient was treated with both baricitinib and tocilizumab. The treatment protocol is standardized in all 186 HCA Healthcare hospitals across the United States. As per the hospital policy, all admitted patients were tested for COVID-19 via polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Treatment protocols were standardized and updated by the infectious disease clinical service corporate panel, based on available guidelines.
Tocilizumab or baricitinib can be considered for patients receiving dexamethasone and/or remdesivir with rapidly increasing oxygen needs (via conventional oxygen or HFNC or NIV or invasive oxygenation) and systemic inflammation. Tocilizumab was administered as a single weight-based dose intravenously infused over one hour and baricitinib was administered orally once daily for fourteen days or until hospital discharge, whichever came earlier. These agents were avoided in patients with known active tuberculosis or hepatic diseases (i.e., hepatitis B or C), pregnancy, or chronic immune-suppressing conditions. Tocilizumab was not used in patients with an active or high risk of bowel perforation including complicated diverticulitis. Table 1 describes the dosing criteria for tocilizumab based on the actual body weight of the patients and for baricitinib based on the patient’s renal function per corporate protocol. Pharmacists were authorized to monitor daily, adjust baricitinib dosage based on renal function, and hold therapy based on the laboratory criteria, as described in Table 1.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2024
Descriptive analyses were done for comparison of baseline characteristics. Wilcoxon test was used for continuous variables and Pearson test for categorical variables. Categorical data are reported as numbers and percentages. Continuous data are reported as medians and interquartile range (IQR).
In the primary analysis, the number of delirium-free and coma-free days was compared between patients who received tocilizumab treatment and patients who received corticosteroids using proportional-odds model, with covariates of age, sex, Charlson Comorbidity Index, SOFA score, sepsis diagnosis at admission, and median daily dose of analgesics and sedatives. No interaction terms were included in the model. The threshold for statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Proportional-odds assumption was evaluated by plotting logit of cumulative function of response variable versus logarithm of response variable for tocilizumab and control groups.
In the secondary analyses, proportional-odds models were used to assess the difference in ICU length of stay in days, hospital length of stay in days, and ventilator-free days, respectively, between the tocilizumab group and control group. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the 90-days mortality rate between the tocilizumab group and control group. For all four analyses, the same independent covariates used in primary analysis was used. All analyses were performed using R Statistical Software (R version 4.2.2 (2022-10-31 ucrt); R Core Team 2022). For statistical analysis, Hmisc package (v5.1-0; Harrell 2023) and rms package (v6.7-0; Harrell 2023) were used. Forest plot was created using forestplot package (v3.1.3; Gordon 2023).
Full text: Click here
Publication 2024

Top products related to «Tocilizumab»

Sourced in Switzerland, United States, United Kingdom, France
Tocilizumab is a laboratory equipment product manufactured by Roche. It is an interleukin-6 receptor antagonist used for research and diagnostic purposes.
Sourced in United States
Tocilizumab is a laboratory reagent used in research applications. It is an antibody that binds to the interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor, inhibiting IL-6 signaling. Tocilizumab is commonly used in studies involving inflammation, immunology, and related research areas.
Sourced in United States, Cameroon
Tocilizumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets the interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor. It is used to inhibit the activity of the IL-6 receptor in various medical and research applications.
Sourced in Switzerland, Germany
RoActemra is an intravenous and subcutaneous medication developed by Roche. It is a recombinant humanized anti-human interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor monoclonal antibody.
Sourced in United States, Austria, Japan, Cameroon, Germany, United Kingdom, Canada, Belgium, Israel, Denmark, Australia, New Caledonia, France, Argentina, Sweden, Ireland, India
SAS version 9.4 is a statistical software package. It provides tools for data management, analysis, and reporting. The software is designed to help users extract insights from data and make informed decisions.
Sourced in United States, Austria, Canada, Belgium, United Kingdom, Germany, China, Japan, Poland, Israel, Switzerland, New Zealand, Australia, Spain, Sweden
Prism 8 is a data analysis and graphing software developed by GraphPad. It is designed for researchers to visualize, analyze, and present scientific data.
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, China, Austria, Canada, Japan, Israel, France, Sweden, Italy, Switzerland
IL-6 is a lab equipment product that measures the concentration of interleukin-6 (IL-6), a cytokine involved in various biological processes. The core function of this product is to quantify IL-6 levels in samples.
Sourced in Germany, Sweden, Switzerland, France
Actemra is a laboratory equipment product manufactured by Roche. It is designed for use in various medical and research applications. The core function of Actemra is to perform specific laboratory tests and analyses.
Sourced in United States
Anti-IL-6 is a laboratory reagent designed for research purposes. It is an antibody that specifically binds to the cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6). The core function of Anti-IL-6 is to enable the detection, measurement, or study of IL-6 in various experimental systems.
Sourced in United States, Austria, Japan, Belgium, United Kingdom, Cameroon, China, Denmark, Canada, Israel, New Caledonia, Germany, Poland, India, France, Ireland, Australia
SAS 9.4 is an integrated software suite for advanced analytics, data management, and business intelligence. It provides a comprehensive platform for data analysis, modeling, and reporting. SAS 9.4 offers a wide range of capabilities, including data manipulation, statistical analysis, predictive modeling, and visual data exploration.

More about "Tocilizumab"

Tocilizumab, also known as RoActemra or Actemra, is a monoclonal antibody that targets the interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor, inhibiting its pro-inflammatory effects.
This medication is primarily used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, giant cell arteritis, and other inflammatory conditions.
Utilizing the power of AI, PubCompare.ai can enhance your Tocilizumab research by locating the most accurate and reproducible protocols from literature, preprints, and patents.
By providing intelligent protocol comparisons, PubCompare can help you optimize your studies and unlock new insights to advance your Tocilizumab research.
When conducting Tocilizumab research, it's important to consider factors such as IL-6 signaling, anti-IL-6 therapies, and the use of statistical analysis tools like SAS version 9.4 and Prism 8.
These tools can assist in analyzing the data and identifying key trends and patterns that can inform your research.
By leveraging the insights gained from the MeSH term description and the metadescription, you can enhance your Tocilizumab research and stay at the forefront of this rapidly evolving field.
With the help of PubCompare.ai, you can streamline your workflow, improve the accuracy and reproducibility of your protocols, and uncover new opportunities to advance your understanding of Tocilizumab and its therapeutic applications.