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A-272

A-272 is a chemical compound used in biomedical research.
It is a purine analogue that has been studied for its potential therapeutic applications, such as its ability to inhibit certain enzymes or signaling pathways.
A-272 may be utilized in experimental protocols to investigate its effects on cellular processes or disease models.
Researchers should carefully consider the appropriate use and potential risks associated with A-272 when designing their studies to ensure reproducibility and accracy.

Most cited protocols related to «A-272»

1
Performance Testing of Fungal Proteomes
We constructed sets of fungal proteomes of increasing size for performance testing. Ensembl Genomes was interrogated on 6 November 2017 using its REST API [44 (link)] to identify all available fungal genomes. To achieve an even sampling of species, we selected 1 species per genera and excluded genomes from candidate phyla or phyla with fewer than 3 sequenced genomes. This gave a set of 272 species which were downloaded from the Ensembl FTP site [45 (link)]. We created datasets of increasing size by randomly selecting 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, and 256 species such that the last common ancestor was the same for each dataset. Each dataset was analyzed using a single Intel E5-2640v3 Haswell node (16 cores) on the Oxford University ARCUS-B server using 16 parallel threads for OrthoFinder with DIAMOND (arguments: “-S diamond -t 16 -a 16”). The complete datasets for all analyzed species subsets are available for download from Zenodo at 10.5281/zenodo.1481147. All methods submitted to Quest for Orthologs that provided a user-runnable implementation of the method were tested on the same fungi datasets and the same ARCUS-B server nodes and run in parallel using 16 threads (when supported by the method).
Emms D.M, & Kelly S. (2019). OrthoFinder: phylogenetic orthology inference for comparative genomics. Genome Biology, 20, 238.
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Publication 2019
A-272 Diamond Fungi Genome Genome, Fungal Proteome
2
Telomere Length Genome-Wide Association Study
Among the participating COGS studies, the TL had been determined in cases and controls from the UK Studies of Epidemiology and Risk Factors in Cancer Heredity (SEARCH) study (13 (link),28 (link)) (http://ccge.medschl.cam.ac.uk/search/) controls from the Danish Copenhagen City Heart study (28 (link),42 (link),43 (link)) (CCHS) and breast cancer cases from the Copenhagen General Population Study (18 (link),44 (link)) (CGPS). TL was measured using a real-time PCR methodology as described elsewhere (11 (link)–13 (link),45 (link),46 (link)) and a composite variable, putting the SEARCH, CCHS and CGPS data onto the same scale, was used for all analyses (28 (link)) (see Supplementary Material). All 187 647 SNPs with MAF >0.02 on the iCOGS chip that passed QC criteria were tested for association with TL in these subjects. Initially, analysis was confined to the healthy control subjects within each study (SEARCH females, n = 6766; CCHS females, n = 4537E and CCHS male, n = 3762). A total of 272 SNPs were associated with TL, at Ptrend < 10−3, in these control subjects (Supplementary Material, Table S1). All associations are consistent with a log-additive model.
In an exploratory attempt to increase the available sample size and thus the study power of this study, the above analysis was repeated using breast cancer cases as well as the healthy controls from these cancer studies. Therefore, SEARCH cases (n = 8210) and CGPS cases (n = 2814) were also included in the analysis. Of the 272 variants with per-allele Ptrend < 10−3 in the control-only analysis, 86 variants increased in significance upon inclusion of TL data from these breast cancer cases in our analysis (Supplementary Material, Table S1). Among these were SNPs within all the loci previously and independently reported to be associated with TL; therefore, we feel confident that the inclusion of cancer cases is a valid way of increasing the study power.
Pooley K.A., Bojesen S.E., Weischer M., Nielsen S.F., Thompson D., Amin Al Olama A., Michailidou K., Tyrer J.P., Benlloch S., Brown J., Audley T., Luben R., Khaw K.T., Neal D.E., Hamdy F.C., Donovan J.L., Kote-Jarai Z., Baynes C., Shah M., Bolla M.K., Wang Q., Dennis J., Dicks E., Yang R., Rudolph A., Schildkraut J., Chang-Claude J., Burwinkel B., Chenevix-Trench G., Pharoah P.D., Berchuck A., Eeles R.A., Easton D.F., Dunning A.M, & Nordestgaard B.G. (2013). A genome-wide association scan (GWAS) for mean telomere length within the COGS project: identified loci show little association with hormone-related cancer risk. Human Molecular Genetics, 22(24), 5056-5064.
Publication 2013
A-272 Alleles Cleft Palate, Cardiac Defect, Genital Anomalies, and Ectrodactyly DNA Chips Feelings Females Healthy Volunteers Heart Heredity Males Malignant Neoplasm of Breast Malignant Neoplasms Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Self Confidence Single Nucleotide Polymorphism
3
Phylogenetic Characterization of S. aureus CC398
We used a reference collection of 88 S. aureus CC398 isolates for which phylogenetic origin and presence of the scn and tet(M) genes have been previously characterized on the basis of whole genome sequence data [3] (link), and a collection of 272 human S. aureus CC398 isolates from ten countries, including Algeria (n = 2), Belgium (n = 5), Colombia (n = 1), Denmark (n = 150), Finland (n = 10), France (n = 94), India (n = 1), Italy (n = 2), Martinique (n = 2), and the Netherlands (n = 5) (Table S1). A subset of 23 isolates has been previously described in other studies [10] (link)–[15] (link).
For the 88 S. aureus CC398 reference isolates, DNA was purified using the DNeasy 96 Blood and Tissue Kit (QIAGEN, Valencia, CA, USA) supplemented with lysostaphin in the enzymatic lysis buffer and the Proteinase K-Buffer ATL solution. For the remaining 272 S. aureus CC398 isolates, DNA was obtained by incubating the bacteria in distilled water for 10 min at 95°C followed by centrifugation for 5 min at 5,000×g.
Stegger M., Liu C.M., Larsen J., Soldanova K., Aziz M., Contente-Cuomo T., Petersen A., Vandendriessche S., Jiménez J.N., Mammina C., van Belkum A., Salmenlinna S., Laurent F., Skov R.L., Larsen A.R., Andersen P.S, & Price L.B. (2013). Rapid Differentiation between Livestock-Associated and Livestock-Independent Staphylococcus aureus CC398 Clades. PLoS ONE, 8(11), e79645.
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Publication 2013
A-272 Bacteria Blood Buffers Centrifugation Endopeptidase K Enzymes Genes Genome Homo sapiens Lysostaphin Reproduction Tissues
4
Design and Characterization of Synthetic Spikes for Microbiome Analysis
Synthetic spikes were designed with three key elements: (i) primer binding sites (PBSs) from the common genes used for identification of prokaryotes (P), eukaryotes (E) and fungi (F), respectively; (ii) an optimised synthetic stuffer sequence of the same length and GC content as the in vivo target and (iii) a readily available, easy to handle source of synthetic spike DNA (Fig. 1).

Synthetic spike design. P, E and F synthetic spikes were designed using PBS sequences, together with the length and GC content of amplicons from prokaryotes (P), eukaryotes (E) and fungi (F), respectively. For P synthetic spikes the primer binding sites (PBS) shown in orange, for E in green and for F in blue

PBSs are based on the three sets of PCR primers chosen for microbiota amplification. For prokaryotes (P), the prokaryotic 16S rRNA V4 region primers 515F and 806R [19 (link)] were used as they are commonly used in soil studies. For eukaryotes (E), we used the 18S primer pair, F1427 and R1616 [20 (link)], that targets a broad range of eukaryotic taxa including algae, diatoms, animals, excavates (protists, flagellates), fungi and moulds. The third primer pair specifically targets fungi (F), ITS1F and ITS2R and are widely used in soil microbiota studies [21 (link)]. These primers target the variable sized ITS fragment of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, common phyla in forest soils [22 (link)]. As variability in amplicon length can bias PCR amplification efficiency, the length of the stuffer sequences of P (16S rRNA) and E (18S rRNA) were matched to the length of natural PCR products. Fungal ITS amplicons show more variability in length, but based on the results of our previous sequencing, the most common size was 272 bp [23 (link)]; therefore, a stuffer sequence of 272 bp was used in designing the F synthetic spike (Fig. 1). In each case, GC content was designed to be similar to their environmental gene counterparts with sequences designed using a random DNA generator (https://www.faculty.ucr.edu). P, E and F synthetic spikes were synthesised by Geneart (Invitrogen) and supplied cloned in plasmid pMA-T, forming pSpike-P, pSpike-E and pSpike-F, respectively. Plasmid were transformed into Escherichia coli and deposited at https://www.addgene.com as plasmids #101172, #101173 and #101174.
Tkacz A., Hortala M, & Poole P.S. (2018). Absolute quantitation of microbiota abundance in environmental samples. Microbiome, 6, 110.
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Publication 2018
A-272 Animals Ascomycetes Basidiomycota Binding Sites Diatoms DNA, A-Form Escherichia coli Eukaryota Faculty Forests Fungi Fungus, Filamentous Genes Microbial Community Natural Products Oligonucleotide Primers Plasmids Prokaryotic Cells RNA, Ribosomal, 16S RNA, Ribosomal, 18S
5
Retrospective Imaging Analysis of CI Patients
At the Hannover Medical School, pre- and postoperative imaging of all CI patients is obtained by either Cone Beam CT (CBCT) or standard CT scans. We performed a retrospective study of 272 preoperative imaging datasets of patients who were implanted with a MED-EL FLEX20, FLEX24 or FLEX28 electrode between 2006 and 2017. Postoperative scans were available in 259 of these cases. Furthermore, patients who received custom-made devices (CMD) of 16mm length as well as 16 mm partial insertions of FLEX24 and 20 mm insertions with the FLEX28 were evaluated. Partial insertions were performed in an attempt to preserve residual hearing which were all considered CMD for the purpose of data analysis. Within the overall study group, most patients were implanted with a MED-EL FLEX28 (165 patients), 46 patients with a FLEX24, 52 patients with a FLEX20 and 12 patients with a MED-EL Flex CMD (see Fig 1). In our practice, pre- and postoperative imaging are a routine part of clinical care analyses.
Timm M.E., Majdani O., Weller T., Windeler M., Lenarz T., Büchner A, & Salcher R.B. (2018). Patient specific selection of lateral wall cochlear implant electrodes based on anatomical indication ranges. PLoS ONE, 13(10), e0206435.
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Publication 2018
A-272 Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Insertion Mutation Medical Devices Patients Radionuclide Imaging X-Ray Computed Tomography

Most recents protocols related to «A-272»

1
Mortality Risk in Elderly COVID-19 Patients
We calculated the required sample size using Power Analysis Software (PAS). By considering the type 1 error of 5%, study power of 80%, estimated hazard ratio (HR) of 1.2 for mortality, and mortality rate of 60% among critically ill patients with COVID-19, we needed a sample size of 272 elderly patients with COVID-19. However, we recruited 392 patients in the current study to increase study power and consider the probable drop-out.
Gholi Z., Vahdat Shariatpanahi Z., Yadegarynia D, & Eini-Zinab H. (2023). Associations of body mass index with severe outcomes of COVID-19 among critically ill elderly patients: A prospective study. Frontiers in Nutrition, 10, 993292.
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Publication 2023
A-272 Aged COVID 19 Critical Illness Patients
2
Comparative Analysis of Distal Radius Fracture Treatment
A prospective cohort study was conducted evaluating differences in treatment between CAQ hand surgeons and board-certified orthopaedic surgeons who take call at a level 1 or level 2 trauma center (non-CAQ surgeons). The two cohorts included 25 CAQ hand surgeons and 25 non-CAQ surgeons, with a total N of 50. After institutional review board approval, a retrospective chart review was done for any patient aged 18 years or older who sustained a DRF between January 1, 2018, and January 1, 2020. All subjects had plain radiographs with both prereduction and postreduction images, and a CT scan was required for at least 15 of the 30 fractures. Subjects were excluded if they had multiple concurrent injuries to the ipsilateral ulnar shaft or distal ulna. After a review of the >75 fractures that fit these criteria during this period, 30 DRFs were selected based on their age and fracture AO/OTA classification (15 AO/OTA type A and B and 15 AO/OTA type C) to create a standardized patient data set. Fifteen AO/OTA type C were selected, given their propensity to be an injury that would require surgical intervention. The classification was done by three CAQ hand surgeons independently. Any discrepancies between fracture classifications were discussed and agreed upon before the final selection of fractures.
A deidentified presentation was used to sequentially display radiographic images followed by patient-specific demographics. The surgeons being evaluated were provided a treatment survey document (Appendix A, http://links.lww.com/JG9/A272) before testing. The survey included nine questions that were sequentially asked for each of the 30 DRFs. All testing was done remotely using the Zoom platform. The data points as presented during analysis included (1) prereduction and postreduction radiographic images, (2) CT radiographs (15 of 30 fractures), (3) patient's age, (4) notable medical comorbidities, (5) patient's manual laborer status, and (6) associated polytrauma. The surgeon's fracture management was inquired after each of the above data points was consecutively provided based on the treatment survey. Treatment options included both closed (splint in situ and closed reduction and casting) and open management options (closed reduction and pinning ± external fixator, open reduction and internal fixation with fragment specific or volar locking plate, and dorsal spanning plate ± adjuvant fixation). After the survey was completed, demographic information about the surgeon was ascertained, including number of DRF treated per year, number of years postfellowship training, and their current practice setting.
Doermann A., Gupta D.K., Wright D.J., Shafiq B., Hacquebord J., Rafijah G., Lim P.K, & Gupta R. (2023). Distal Radius Fracture Management: Surgeon Factors Markedly Influence Decision Making. JAAOS Global Research & Reviews, 7(3), e23.00002.
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Publication 2023
A-272 Ethics Committees, Research External Fixation Devices Fracture, Bone Fracture Fixation, Internal Injuries Multiple Trauma Open Fracture Reductions Operative Surgical Procedures Orthopedic Surgeons Patients Pharmaceutical Adjuvants Splints Surgeons Ulna X-Ray Computed Tomography X-Rays, Diagnostic
3
Alternating Dual-Task Experiment with Diverse Stimuli
Four categories of stimuli were used: faces, visual words from English, visual words from Chinese, and colored ellipses (Fig. 1). Face stimuli were 400 pictures of 25 female and 25 male models, all Caucasian, with ages ranging from 18 to 30 years old, with 8 facial expressions (angry, contemptuous, disgusted, fearful, happy, neutral, sad, surprised) for each model. Pictures were taken using a Nikon d3300 camera under consistent lighting conditions with a white background at a distance of one meter between the model and the camera. Photographs were converted to greyscale with the background removed in Adobe Photoshop CC 2019 (www.adobe.com) and placed in an elliptical frame to exclude external features such as the head and neck. The final elliptical images had a short horizontal axis of 272 pixels and a long vertical axis of 365 pixels. The test was conducted virtually, in full-screen mode and calibration was done through our online software to ensure that the size of the stimuli remains constant. However, as the test was done online, viewing distances was not controlled precisely.

Examples of stimuli used in the alternating dual-task experiment. A 8 different facial expressions in two examples of different face identities. B 8 different fonts in three examples of different English word identities. C 8 different fonts in two examples of different Chinese character identities. D 6 different colored ellipses

Visual word stimuli were ten words each from the English and Chinese language. All English words were ten-letter words, and Chinese characters had an average of 21.8 strokes (s.d. = 3.7) each. Chinese characters were chosen from the Hong Kong, Mainland China & Taiwan Chinese Character Frequency Database (http://humanum.arts.cuhk.edu.hk/Lexis/chifreq/). English words and Chinese characters were matched for frequency of appearance (mean English word occurrence = 69.7/million (s.d. = 17.3), mean Chinese character occurrence = 69.8/million (s.d. = 14.4), English words were presented in size 18 font, using 8 different styles (Adobe Fan Heiti Std, Dotum, MingLiU, MalgunGothic NanumGothic, YuGothic, Batang, DFKai-SB). Chinese characters were presented in size 48 fonts, using the same 8 different styles as the English words. Single word stimuli were centered on a rectangular transparent background in Adobe Photoshop CC 2019. The final pictures spanned about 1200 by 300 pixels.
Baseline stimuli were six solid ellipses of different colors (yellow, orange, green, pink, blue, purple) created in Adobe Photoshop CC 2019, identical in shape and size to the elliptical frames used for the face stimuli.
Tien M., Albonico A, & Barton J.J. (2023). Faces, English words and Chinese characters: a study of dual-task interference in mono-and bilingual speakers. Experimental Brain Research, 241(4), 1131-1144.
Publication 2023
A-272 Anger Cerebrovascular Accident Character Chinese Epistropheus Face Fear Head Males Neck Reading Frames Woman
4
Comprehensive Molecular Characterization of Anopheles Kerteszia
A total of 272 specimens, representing 10 of the 12 formally recognized species of Anopheles Kerteszia, collected over 30 years from across Central and South America, were included in the current analyses. Newly generated mtDNA COI barcode sequences and associated data, along with publicly available sequences, are available on the Barcode of Life Database (BOLD) under Dataset: DS-KERT. This dataset comprised An. bambusicolus (n = 3), An. bellator (n = 14), An. boliviensis (n = 10), An. cruzii (n = 62), An. homunculus (n = 17), An. laneanus (n = 8), An. lepidotus (n = 7), An. neivai (n = 107), An. pholidotus (n = 10), and An. rollai (n = 23) from Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Trinidad and Tobago, Panama, and Venezuela. In addition, an unidentified Kerteszia specimen (NAMRU6_2014_342) from Peru and ten further “Culicidae spp.” sequences closely related to Kerteszia using NCBI Blast alignment, were also included. Verified specimens of An. auyantepuiensis and An. gonzalezrinconesi were unavailable for analyses. All specimens were morphologically identified using available morphological keys and original species descriptions [25 ,26 (link),27 ]. Morphological voucher specimens were retained where available, and included point-mounted adults of both sexes, slide-mounted associates of male genitalia, and immature stages (larval exuviae, Le; pupal exuviae, Pe). Extracted DNA was retained in frozen repositories of the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, USA (USNM), and the Natural History Museum, England (NHMUK).
Bourke B.P., Wilkerson R.C., Ruiz-Lopez F., Justi S.A., Pecor D.B., Quinones M.L., Navarro J.C., Ormaza J.A., Ormaza JA J.r., González R., Flores-Mendoza C., Castro F., Escovar J.E, & Linton Y.M. (2023). High Levels of Diversity in Anopheles Subgenus Kerteszia Revealed by Species Delimitation Analyses. Genes, 14(2), 344.
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Publication 2023
A-272 Adult Anopheles Culicidae DNA, Mitochondrial Freezing Gender Larva Male Genital Organs Pupa
5
Retrospective Review of Intramedullary Nails
This study is a retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database, approved by the Institutional Review Board of a single academic urban orthopaedic program. A total of 272 IMNs (181 patients) were inserted between April 2011–December 2020 for metastatic long-bone disease or multiple myeloma (Figure 1). Seventy (38.7%) patients had at least 2 IMNs inserted, accounting for 161 (59.2%) IMNs.
Maheshwari A.V., Kobryn A., Alam J.S, & Tretiakov M. (2023). Single-Stage versus Multi-Stage Intramedullary Nailing for Multiple Synchronous Long Bone Impending and Pathologic Fractures in Metastatic Bone Disease and Multiple Myeloma. Cancers, 15(4), 1227.
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Publication 2023
A-272 Bone Diseases Bones Ethics Committees, Research Multiple Myeloma Neoplasm Metastasis Patients

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More about "A-272"

A-272 is a purine analogue, a type of chemical compound used in biomedical research.
It has been studied for its potential therapeutic applications, such as its ability to inhibit certain enzymes or signaling pathways.
A-272 may be utilized in experimental protocols to investigate its effects on cellular processes or disease models.
Researchers may use A-272 in conjunction with other tools and techniques to enhance their studies.
For example, the HiSeq X Ten and HiSeq 2000 are high-throughput sequencing platforms that can be used to analyze the effects of A-272 on gene expression.
NOD/SCID mice are a type of immunodeficient mouse model that may be used to test the in vivo effects of A-272.
Sample size calculators and power injectors can help researchers determine the appropriate experimental design and ensure the accuracy of their results.
The RNeasy Mini Kit is a tool used for RNA extraction, which can be useful for studying the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of A-272.
Statistical analysis software, such as SPSS Statistics version 21 and Quantity One, can be employed to analyze the data generated from A-272 studies.
Additionally, an eight-channel head coil may be used in imaging techniques to visualize the effects of A-272 on cellular processes or disease models.
Bovine serum albumin (BSA) is a common protein used in cell culture media and experimental protocols, and it may be utilized in conjunction with A-272 to maintain cell viability and support cellular processes.
Researchers should carefully consider the appropriate use and potential risks associated with A-272 when designing their studies to ensure reproducibility and accuracy.
By integrating A-272 with a variety of research tools and techniques, scientists can gain valuable insights into its mechanisms of action and potential therapeutic applications.