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Daunorubicin

Daunorubicin is an anthracycline antibiotic derived from the bacterium Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius.
It is used in the treatment of acute leukemias, lymphomas, and certain solid tumors.
Daunorubicin intercalates with DNA, inhibiting macromolecular biosynthesis and leading to cytotoxicity.
Resaerch optimization with PubCompare.ai can help locate protocols, identify best practices, and improve outcomes for daunorubicin studies.

Most cited protocols related to «Daunorubicin»

1
Clinical Applications of Western Blotting
Cited 24 times
Western blotting is a valuable tool to studies ranging from regulatory signaling processes to confirmatory serum diagnosis of HIV [68 (link)–70 (link)]. The evolution of western blot technique from identification of a specific protein in a complex mixture to the direct detection of protein in a single cell allows this technique to be an important analytical tool for clinical research. An advanced single cell western blotting technique was employed to study stem cell signaling and differentiation as well as drug response in tumor cells [69 (link)]. Through single cell western blotting it was possible to analyze cell-to-cell variations in approximately 2000 cells simultaneously within complex populations of cells [71 (link)]. With the integration of intact cell imaging, the technique allows the identification of protein expression changes of a single drug resistant tumor cell and its isoforms among heterogeneous population of tumor cells in human glioblastoma cells treated with chemotherapeutic daunomycin [69 (link)]. Identification of upregulated multidrug resistant protein, P-glycoprotein in living glioblastoma subpopulations was indicative of an active drug eflux pump as an underlying mechanism for drug resistance [69 (link),71 (link)]. With the application of 2-DE gel separation together with spotting of protein by peptide mass fingerprint, the analysis of clinically relevant Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in related gastric disease conditions (chronic gastritis, duodenal ulcer) was possible [72 (link)]. The database of H. pylori (low expressed and membrane proteins) was created through the application of one-dimensional or 2-DE/MALDI-mass spectrometry techniques [72 (link)]. In a similar manner, the Simple Western technique was employed for the analysis of 15-valent pneumococcal vaccine PCV15-CRM197 [73 (link)]. Due to its high sensitivity and automation, the Simple Western method may be extended to analyze serotypes of other polysaccharide protein conjugate vaccines [73 (link)].
Western blotting is commonly used for the clinical diagnosis of various parasitic and fungal diseases including echinococcosis [74 (link)], toxoplasmosis [75 (link)], and aspergillosis [76 (link)]. In a recent study, the assay was successfully used for the reliable serodiagnosis of Farmer’s lung disease (FLD), a pulmonary disorder caused by inhalation of antigenic particles [77 (link)]. Thus, this technique can be exploited for rapid routine diagnosis of FLD in clinics [77 (link)]. Similarly, for immunodiagnostic of tuberculosis meningitis which is a chronic disease of central nervous system different molecular and immunological methods were used for clinical diagnosis of the disease. However, each of these techniques has their own limitations [78 (link)]. To overcome diagnostic issues of lower sensitivity and specificity, the immunoreactivity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens was performed by western blotting [78 (link)]. Furthermore, western blotting was performed for the early and sensitive diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis [79 (link)] and was employed for rapid and sensitive serological diagnosis of a serious infectious disease paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) [80 (link)]. Using immunoblotting, a new subgroup of human lymphotropic retroviruses (HTLV), was detected in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) [81 (link)]. Antigens of HTLV-III, specifically detected by antibodies in serum from AIDS or pre-AIDS patients [81 (link)]. Western blotting has also been used as a test for variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease [82 (link)], some forms of Lyme disease [83 (link)] and is sometimes used as a confirmatory test for Hepatitis B [84 ] and Herpes Type 2 [85 (link)] infections. Western blots have also been used to confirm feline immunodeficiency status in cats [86 (link)].
Recently, a commercial Aspergillus western blotting IgG kit was developed by LD Bio Diagnostics (France) to carry out immunoblotting for the clinical diagnosis of chronic aspergillosis. The commercial kit was found to be sensitive and can analyze hundreds of samples from patients with aspergillus disease [87 (link)]. Thus, the clinical applications of western blotting technique will continue to progress as further advancements are made to improve sensitivity and reproducibility of the western blot.
Mishra M., Tiwari S, & Gomes A.V. (2017). Protein purification and analysis: next generation Western blotting techniques. Expert review of proteomics, 14(11), 1037-1053.
Publication 2017
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Antibodies Antigens Aspergillosis Aspergillus Biological Assay Biological Evolution Cells Central Nervous System Diseases Communicable Diseases Complex Mixtures CRM197 (non-toxic variant of diphtheria toxin) Daunorubicin Diagnosis Duodenal Ulcer Echinococcosis Farmers Felidae Fingerprints, Peptide Gastritis Glioblastoma Helicobacter pylori Hepatitis B HIV Antigens Homo sapiens Hypersensitivity Immunodiagnosis Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes Immunologic Techniques Infection Inhalation Lung Diseases Lyme Disease Mass Spectrometry Membrane Proteins Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens Mycoses Neoplasms New Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease P-Glycoprotein Paracoccidioidomycosis Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Pharmacotherapy Pneumococcal Vaccine Polysaccharides Population Group Protein Isoforms Proteins Resistance, Drug Retroviridae Serodiagnosis Serum Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization Staphylococcal Protein A Stem, Plant Stem Cells Stomach Diseases T-Cell Leukemia Viruses, Human Toxoplasmosis Toxoplasmosis, Congenital Tuberculosis, Meningeal Vaccines, Conjugate Western Blot Western Blotting
2
Methotrexate Therapy for Pediatric Leukemia
Cited 16 times
Patients who consented to the optional therapeutic window were randomized to receive upfront methotrexate over 4 or 24 hours. Four days after methotrexate treatment, remission induction therapy began with prednisone, vincristine, daunorubicin, and asparaginase (Table 1). Patients with ≥ 1% MRD on day 19 received three additional doses of asparaginase. Subsequent induction therapy consisted of cyclophosphamide, mercaptopurine and cytarabine. Upon hematopoietic recovery (between days 43 and 46), MRD was assessed, and consolidation therapy began (Table 1).
Pui C.H., Campana D., Pei D., Bowman W.P., Sandlund J.T., Kaste S.C., Ribeiro R.C., Rubnitz J.E., Raimondi S.C., Onciu M., Coustan-Smith E., Kun L.E., Jeha S., Cheng C., Howard S.C., Simmons V., Bayles A., Metzger M.L., Boyett J.M., Leung W., Handgretinger R., Downing J.R., Evans W.E, & Relling M.V. (2009). Treatment of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Without Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation. The New England journal of medicine, 360(26), 2730-2741.
Publication 2009
Asparaginase Cyclophosphamide Cytarabine Daunorubicin Hematopoietic System Mercaptopurine Methotrexate Neoadjuvant Therapy Patients Prednisone Remission Induction Therapeutics Vincristine
3
Harmonized Cardiomyopathy Surveillance Recommendations
Cited 13 times

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Publication 2015
Abdomen Adult Anthracyclines Anthraquinones Cardiologists Cardiomyopathies Cardiotoxicity Cardiovascular System Carotid Artery Diseases Chest Child Clinical Reasoning Congenital Abnormality Coronary Artery Disease Daunorubicin Diastole Doxorubicin Electric Conductivity Epidemiologists Epirubicin Fibrosis Genetic Heterogeneity Heart Heart Failure Idarubicin Leukemia Malignant Neoplasms Mediastinum Mitoxantrone Neoplasms North American People Nurses Oncologists Pericardium Pharmacotherapy Population Group Radiation Oncologists Radiotherapy Stenosis Survivors of Childhood Cancer Systole Therapeutics Whole-Body Irradiation
4
Diagnostic Criteria and Therapeutic Approaches for Myeloid Malignancies
Cited 9 times
This study was approved by Institutional Ethics Committee of the Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, and written informed consents were obtained from all participants. A total of 60 healthy donors were used as controls. The diagnosis and classification of 99 MDS, 212 AML and 91 patients with CML were established according to the revised French–American–British (FAB) classification and the 2008 World Health Organization (WHO) criteria 16, 17. The IPSS scores were utilized to classify the risk groups of MDS 18. Our study focused on BM mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) extracted as reported previously 19. The treatment for MDS patients with lower IPSS scores (Low/Int‐1) was symptomatic and supportive treatment with/without thalidomide, whereas patients with higher IPSS scores (Int‐2/High) received chemotherapy included aclacinomycin, cytarabine, granulocyte colony stimulating factor together with symptomatic and supportive treatment. Patients with AML received chemotherapy including induction therapy and subsequent consolidation treatment 20, 21. For non‐M3 patients, induction therapy was one or two courses of daunorubicin combined with cytarabine. Subsequent consolidation treatment included high‐dose cytarabine, mitoxantrone with cytarabine and homoharringtonine combined with cytarabine. Meanwhile, for M3 patients, induction therapy was oral all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA) together with daunorubicin in combination with cytarabine. Maintenance therapy was oral mercaptopurine, oral methotrexate and oral ATRA over 2 years.
Zhou J., Zhang T., Li X., Ma J., Guo H., Wen X., Zhang W., Yang L., Yan Y., Lin J, & Qian J. (2017). Epigenetic dysregulation of ID4 predicts disease progression and treatment outcome in myeloid malignancies. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 21(8), 1468-1481.
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Publication 2017
aclacinomycin Cells Cytarabine Daunorubicin Diagnosis Donors Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Institutional Ethics Committees Mercaptopurine Methotrexate Neoadjuvant Therapy NOAC protocol Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate Patients Pharmacotherapy Population at Risk Thalidomide Therapeutics Tretinoin
5
Optimizing Surflex 2.11 Ligand Docking
Cited 9 times
Surflex 2.11 was compiled for a Macintosh OS X PowerMac G5 and Linux workstations. The protomol was generated using a ligand-based approach, where a small molecule is selected that fits into the site of interest. The structure of the molecule in the site is then used for protomol generation. The protomol represents a set of molecular fragments that characterizes the active site and to which the ligand of interest is fragmented and checked for both similarity and alignment.4 (link) Furamidine was chosen as the ligand for protomol generation, as it has been previously shown to be a minor groove binder and is small enough to fit into the intercalation site to ensure adequate protomol generation.12 (link),14 (link),52 (link) Importantly, this also reduces the bias of the evaluation by not using the actual ligands to be docked and is a more realistic, generalized docking approach. Two important factors that can significantly effect the size and extent of the protomol generated are “proto_thresh” and “proto_bloat” options. “Proto_thresh” determines how far the protomol extends into the concavity of the target site, while “proto_bloat” impacts how far the protomol extends outside of the concavity.53 For the purposes of these experiments, “proto_thresh” was set to 0.2 and “proto_bloat” was left at the default (0) for all protomols generated except for daunorubicin, where a “proto_bloat” of 0.5 was used. Protomols were visualized with Sybyl 7.3 to ensure proper coverage of the desired target area.
Surflex 2.11 offers many parameters that can be customized to help optimize ligand targeted docking. An investigation of all of the combinations of these factors is beyond the scope of this paper. Instead, two factors, the “Multistart 5” and “Random 5” options, were selected as these are thought to have the potential to most significantly impact the accuracy of the docked poses. The “Multistart 5” designation enables docking to begin from 5 different initial starting positions around the designated target. Previously, Jain et al. had observed little increase in successful docks with protein targets beginning at a value of 5 (“Multistart 5”), relative to the additional computational resources required for docking these extra conformations.53 A “Random 5” option ensures that the ligand adopts 5 random X,Y,Z coordinate conformations prior to initiating docking calculations. These options are both thought to be important since it minimizes the chance that the ligand may be randomly assigned to an energetically or conformationally unfavorable position from which it cannot recover during the docking. A total of three experiments were subsequently performed, with the first having default Surflex 2.11 options (“No Multistart”, “No Random”), the second with implementation of “Multistart 5”, and the last experiment with implementation of both “Multistart 5” and “Random 5” to test for a potential synergistic effect between these two options. All other parameters were left at the default values.
Holt P.A., Chaires J.B, & Trent J.O. (2008). Molecular Docking of Intercalators and Groove-Binders to Nucleic Acids Using Autodock and Surflex. Journal of chemical information and modeling, 48(8), 1602-1615.
Publication 2008
Daunorubicin furamidine Ligands Molecular Structure Protein Targeting, Cellular

Most recents protocols related to «Daunorubicin»

1
Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Measurement
Not available on PMC !

Example 4

The measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) with JC-9 was performed with two independent fluorescence channels (green and red fluorescence signals), as changes in MMP cause aggregation of the dye, with different fluorescence emission by the aggregated versus non-aggregated dye molecules. As shown in FIG. 6A, both red and green fluorescence initially increase in response to increasing valinomycin concentration, with a peak green fluorescence at˜0.05 μM valinomycin. At higher valinomycin concentrations, red fluorescence increases, with the red/green fluorescence ratio increasing. A unique aspect of this assay is that it correlates changes in MMP (JC-9) and cell death (SYTOXRED™) with the phases of the cell cycle (G1, S, and G2M).

An identical study to the one described before was conducted with exposing HL60 cells exposed to 1.23 μM idarubicin, an analog of daunorubicin which inserts into DNA and prevents it from unwinding during DNA replication and arrests cell division. As shown in FIG. 6B, the red fluorescence of JC-9 dye is significantly higher in cells treated with idarubicin than untreated control cells (first two data points on the left indicate control cells).

US11867690B2. Identification of functional cell states (2024-01-09). ASEDASCIENCES AG [CH]. Inventors: Bartlomiej Rajwa [US], Vincent T Shankey [US].
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Patent 2024
Biological Assay Cardiac Arrest Cell Cycle Cell Death Cells Daunorubicin Division, Cell DNA Replication Fluorescence Fluorescent Dyes HL-60 Cells Idarubicin Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial Valinomycin
2
Pharmacokinetics of DOX-BSA/MnO2 Nanoparticles
SD female rats participated in the in vivo pharmacokinetic evaluation of DOX-BSA/MnO2 NPs. Therefore, 12 rats were fasted with ad libitum water access and split into two groups (each n = 6) randomly, including 1) DOX solution (5 mg/kg); 2) DOX-BSA/MnO2 NPs (5 mg/kg equivalent to DOX). Rats were given the DOX solution or the DOX-BSA/MnO2 NPs by tail injection. Then, about 500 μL blood was gathered in a 1.5 mL heparinized centrifuge tube at designated time intervals (2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 60, 90, 120, 180, and 300 min). An identical amount of normal saline heated to body temperature was administered intraperitoneally to recover blood volume. Samples were centrifuged at 13,000 rpm for 5 min immediately to recover plasma, which was kept at −80°C for additional processing.

1) Determination of DOX by HPLC

High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) (LC-20A, Shimadzu, Tokyo, Japan) using a fluorescence detector measured DOX concentration in plasma, organs, or tumors. Plasma samples were extracted by precipitation of proteins (acetonitrile: dichloromethane = 1:4) and using daunorubicin (DNR) as an internal standard. The excitation and emission wavelengths used to monitor DOX were 238 and 554 nm, respectively. The mobile phase comprised acetonitrile with 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (25:75, v/v); online mixing and pumping were performed using a quaternary pump at a 1.0 mL/min flow rate. DOX was separated by a Phenomenex C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) at 30°C with a 10 μL injection volume. DOX and DNR were eluted in around 3 and 7 min, respectively. The developed HPLC method was verified in the specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, recovery, limit of detection (LOD), as well as limit of quantitation (LOQ).
A two-compartment model with Phoenix WinNonlin 10.0 program (Pharsight, Mountain View, CA, United States) calculated the pharmacokinetic metrics. The following parameters were estimated: maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), area under the concentration-time curve from baseline to terminal time analyzed (AUC), mean residence time (MRT), clearance rate (Cl), volume of distribution V) and elimination half-life (t1/2).
Chen Z., Liu Z., Zhang Q., Huang S., Zhang Z., Feng X., Zeng L., Lin D., Wang L, & Song H. (2023). Hypoxia-ameliorated photothermal manganese dioxide nanoplatform for reversing doxorubicin resistance. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 14, 1133011.
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Publication 2023
A-A-1 antibiotic acetonitrile BLOOD Blood Volume Body Temperature Daunorubicin Females Fluorescence Liquid Chromatography Metabolic Clearance Rate Methylene Chloride Neoplasms Normal Saline Plasma Pressure Proteins Rattus Tail Trifluoroacetic Acid
3
Nanomedicine Synthesis and Evaluation
We purchased BSA from Sigma-Aldrich; KMnO4 from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent CO., Ltd. (Shanghai, China); DOX from Shanghai Aladdin Bio-Chem Technology CO., Ltd. (Shanghai, China); Daunorubicin (DNR) from Dalian Meilun Biotech Co., Ltd. (Dalian, China); Indocyanine green (ICG) from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan); Fetal bovine serum (FBS) from Elite (Marburg, Germany); Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1,640 (RPMI 1640) as well as 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) from Keygen Biotech Corp., Ltd. (Jiangsu, China). The Milli-Q system (Millipore, United States) purified the water. Other analytical grade chemicals were obtained from Sigma (St. Louis, United States) and utilized with no additional purification except as described elsewhere.
Chen Z., Liu Z., Zhang Q., Huang S., Zhang Z., Feng X., Zeng L., Lin D., Wang L, & Song H. (2023). Hypoxia-ameliorated photothermal manganese dioxide nanoplatform for reversing doxorubicin resistance. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 14, 1133011.
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Publication 2023
Bromides Daunorubicin Fetal Bovine Serum Indocyanine Green
4
Levofloxacin Prophylaxis in Pediatric Leukemia

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Publication 2023
Antibiotics Antineoplastic Chemotherapy Protocols Child Daunorubicin Levofloxacin Neoadjuvant Therapy Neutrophil Parenteral Nutrition Patients pegaspargase Pharmacotherapy Pneumocystis jiroveci Prednisone Primary Prevention Therapeutics Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Combination Vincristine
5
Treatment Strategies for Elderly AML Patients
Patients ≥ 60 years of age with non-promyelocytic AML were centrally randomized up-front in a 9:1 assignment to study specific arms of the German AML cooperative Group (AMLCG) or the East German Study Group Hematology and Oncology (OSHO) compared to a CSA (suppl. Figure S1). The AMLCG study arm randomized TAD (ara-C 100 mg/m2/d continuous infusion (CI) d1-2 followed by 30-min IV infusion BID d 3–8, daunorubicin 60 mg/m2/d IV d 3–5 and 6-thioguanine 100 mg/m2/d p.o. BID d 3–9) followed by HAM (ara-C 1 g/m2/d IV BID d 1–3 and mitoxantrone 10 mg/m2/d IV d 3–5) versus two courses of HAM ± G-CSF, with the second induction course only applied in case of blast persistence. One course of TAD was given as consolidation followed by maintenance chemotherapy over three years [21 (link)]. The OSHO AML04 study included ara-C 1 g/m2/d BID IV d 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 and mitoxantrone 10 mg/m2/d IV d 1 – 3 for one or two induction courses and ara-C 500 mg/m2 BID 1 h IV d 1 + 3 + 5 in combination with mitoxantrone 10 mg/m2/d IV d 1 + 2 as consolidation twice. Pegfilgrastim 6 mg s.c. was given on day 10 of induction and on day 8 of consolidation. Allogeneic related or unrelated HSCT following non-myeloablative conditioning was considered after CR. The CSA consisted of one or two induction cycles of ara-C 100 mg/m2/d CI d 1–7 and daunorubicin 60 mg/m2/d IV d 3, 4, 5 (3 + 7 regimen) followed by two courses of ara-C 1 g/m2/d BID IV d 1 + 3 + 5 as consolidation [20 (link)]. Detailed information on therapies of the study groups and CSA are given in suppl. Figure 1. Cytogenetic and molecular risk was determined as previously described [22 (link)].
Inclusion criteria contained all consecutive AML (de novo, secondary, and therapy related, except APL) diagnosed in the study period. Exclusion criteria included inability of the patient to understand the study and give informed consent, non AML-related renal insufficiency, liver insufficiency, cardiac insufficiency NYHA III + IV, concurrent acute myocardial infarction, and uncontrolled infection such as pneumonia with hypoxia or septic shock.
The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the University of Leipzig, registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01497002 and NCT00266136) and the approval notified to IRBs of the participating centers. Patients had given written informed consent prior to study enrollment and randomization.
Niederwieser D., Lang T., Krahl R., Heinicke T., Maschmeyer G., Al-Ali H.K., Schwind S., Jentzsch M., Cross M., Kahl C., Wolf H.H., Sayer H., Schulze A., Dreger P., Hegenbart U., Krämer A., Junghanss C., Mügge L.O., Hähling D., Hirt C., Späth C., Peter N., Opitz B., Florschütz A., Reifenrath K., Zojer N., Scholl S., Pönisch W., Heyn S., Vucinic V., Hochhaus A., Aul C., Giagounidis A., Balleisen L., Oldenkott B., Staib P., Kiehl M., Schütte W., Naumann R., Eimermacher H., Dörken B., Sauerland C., Lengfelder E., Hiddemann W., Wörmann B., Müller-Tidow C., Serve H., Schliemann C., Hehlmann R., Berdel W.E., Pfirrmann M., Krug U, & Hoffmann V.S. (2023). Different treatment strategies versus a common standard arm (CSA) in patients with newly diagnosed AML over the age of 60 years: a randomized German inter-group study. Annals of Hematology, 102(3), 547-561.
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Publication 2023
Ara-C ARA 100 Daunorubicin Ethics Committees, Research Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Group Therapy Heart Failure Hepatic Insufficiency Hypoxia Infection Intravenous Infusion Kidney Failure Mitoxantrone Myocardial Infarction Neoplasms Patients pegfilgrastim Pneumonia Promyelocytes Septic Shock Therapeutics Thioguanine Treatment Protocols

Top products related to «Daunorubicin»

1
Daunorubicin by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany
Daunorubicin is a type of cytotoxic drug used in the treatment of certain types of cancer. It is a member of the anthracycline class of chemotherapeutic agents. Daunorubicin intercalates with DNA and inhibits the enzyme topoisomerase II, which is essential for cell division and replication. This results in the disruption of cellular processes and ultimately leads to cell death.
2
Daunorubicin by Selleck Chemicals
Sourced in United States
Daunorubicin is a laboratory chemical compound used in research and development. It is a type of anthracycline antibiotic. Daunorubicin is primarily used as a reference standard and for analytical purposes in chemical laboratories.
3
Fetal bovine serum (fbs) by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, China, United Kingdom, Germany, Australia, Japan, Canada, Italy, France, Switzerland, New Zealand, Brazil, Belgium, India, Spain, Israel, Austria, Poland, Ireland, Sweden, Macao, Netherlands, Denmark, Cameroon, Singapore, Portugal, Argentina, Holy See (Vatican City State), Morocco, Uruguay, Mexico, Thailand, Sao Tome and Principe, Hungary, Panama, Hong Kong, Norway, United Arab Emirates, Czechia, Russian Federation, Chile, Moldova, Republic of, Gabon, Palestine, State of, Saudi Arabia, Senegal
Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is a cell culture supplement derived from the blood of bovine fetuses. FBS provides a source of proteins, growth factors, and other components that support the growth and maintenance of various cell types in in vitro cell culture applications.
4
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Italy, Sao Tome and Principe, France, Macao, India, Canada, Switzerland, Japan, Australia, Spain, Poland, Belgium, Brazil, Czechia, Portugal, Austria, Denmark, Israel, Sweden, Ireland, Hungary, Mexico, Netherlands, Singapore, Indonesia, Slovakia, Cameroon, Norway, Thailand, Chile, Finland, Malaysia, Latvia, New Zealand, Hong Kong, Pakistan, Uruguay, Bangladesh
DMSO is a versatile organic solvent commonly used in laboratory settings. It has a high boiling point, low viscosity, and the ability to dissolve a wide range of polar and non-polar compounds. DMSO's core function is as a solvent, allowing for the effective dissolution and handling of various chemical substances during research and experimentation.
5
Doxorubicin by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, France, China, India, Italy, Poland, Macao, Japan, Sao Tome and Principe, Canada, Spain, Brazil, Australia, Belgium, Switzerland, Singapore, Israel
Doxorubicin is a cytotoxic medication that is commonly used in the treatment of various types of cancer. It functions as an anthracycline antibiotic, which works by interfering with the DNA replication process in cancer cells, leading to their destruction. Doxorubicin is widely used in the management of different malignancies, including leukemia, lymphoma, and solid tumors.
6
Cytarabine by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, Ireland, United Kingdom
Cytarabine is a synthetic nucleoside analog used as a chemotherapeutic agent. It is a key component in the treatment of various types of cancer, including acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
7
Rpmi 1640 medium by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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RPMI 1640 medium is a commonly used cell culture medium developed at Roswell Park Memorial Institute. It is a balanced salt solution that provides essential nutrients, vitamins, and amino acids to support the growth and maintenance of a variety of cell types in vitro.
8
Vincristine by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Sao Tome and Principe, France
Vincristine is a laboratory reagent used in various research and analytical applications. It is a naturally-derived compound extracted from the Catharanthus roseus plant. Vincristine exhibits anti-tumor and anti-mitotic properties, making it a valuable tool for researchers studying cell biology and cancer-related processes. The core function of Vincristine is to inhibit microtubule formation, which is essential for cell division and proliferation.
9
Daunomycin by Merck Group
Sourced in United States
Daunomycin is a cytotoxic antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces peucetius. It is a red-colored crystalline compound used in the laboratory setting for various research applications.
10
Etoposide by Merck Group
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Etoposide is a chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of various types of cancer. It is a topoisomerase inhibitor that disrupts the process of DNA replication, leading to cell death. Etoposide is available as a solution for intravenous administration.

More about "Daunorubicin"

Daunorubicin, also known as daunomycin or rubidomycin, is an anthracycline antibiotic commonly used in the treatment of various cancers, including acute leukemias, lymphomas, and certain solid tumors.
Derived from the bacterium Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius, daunorubicin works by intercalating with DNA, thereby inhibiting macromolecular biosynthesis and leading to cytotoxicity.
In addition to daunorubicin, other related chemotherapeutic agents include doxorubicin, etoposide, and vincristine.
These drugs may be used in combination with cytarabine, a pyrimidine analog, or in conjunction with RPMI 1640 medium, a commonly used cell culture medium containing fetal bovine serum (FBS) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as additives.
Optimizing daunorubicin research can be achieved through the use of AI-driven platforms like PubCompare.ai.
This cutting-edge tool can help researchers locate relevant protocols, identify best practices, and improve outcomes by leveraging AI-driven comparisons of scientific literature, pre-prints, and patents.
By incorporating these insights, researchers can enhance the reproducibility and accuracy of their daunorubicin studies, leading to more reliable and impactful scientific findings.