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Filipin

Filipin is a polyene macrolide antibiotic derived from the bacterium Streptomyces filipinensis.
It is commonly used as a fluorescent marker to visualize cholesterol in cell membranes.
Filipin binds specifically to 3β-hydroxysterols, making it a useful tool for studying cholesterol distribution and dynamics in biological systems.
Researchers can optimize their Filipin research protocols using PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform, which helps locate the best protocols and products from literature, preprints, and patents through smart comparisons.
PubCompare.ai's intelligent tools can streamline Filipin studies and assist in finding the optimal solutions for your research needs.

Most cited protocols related to «Filipin»

1
Phagocytosis and Phagosome Characterization
Cited 9 times
Phagosomes created by phagocytosing 759-nm-diameter latex beads were observed using differential interference contrast microscopy (Barak et al., 2013 (link), Barak et al., 2014 (link)). For further details, see sections 3 and 4 of Supplemental Experimental Procedures. Phagosome motion was visualized inside agar-flattened Dictyostelium cells (section 5, Supplemental Experimental Procedures). Purification and in vitro motility of latex bead phagosomes has been described (Barak et al., 2014 (link)). Further details can be found in Supplemental Experimental Procedures (section 6). Phagosomes were prepared using silica beads or latex beads from J774, RAW264.7, or Dictyostelium cells. Purity of latex bead phagosomes was confirmed using markers against endosomal, cytosolic, and membrane proteins (Supplemental Experimental Procedures, section 6; Figure S2). Confocal imaging was used to detect proteins on the phagosome membrane. EPs/LPs were treated with filipin and imaged under epifluorescence illumination. Further details can be found in Supplemental Experimental Procedures, section 7 (for phagosomes from J774 and RAW cells) and section 9 (for phagosomes from Dictyostelium). Measurement of fluorescence intensity on phagosomes is described in Supplemental Experimental Procedures, section 8. Statistical hypothesis testing was done using Student’s t test. Two-tailed p values (95% confidence) were calculated. Error bars are SD or SEM, as indicated.
DRM isolation from purified phagosomes was done as described previously (Goyette et al., 2012 (link)). Further details can be found in in section 11 of Supplemental Experimental Procedures. Lipids were extracted from phagosomes using a methanol-chloroform mixture for thin-layer chromatography (TLC) experiments. Silica TLC plates were used to separate the lipids with an appropriate solvent system, followed by visualization on a Bio-Rad instrument. Further details can be found in section 12 of Supplemental Experimental Procedures. MβCD prepared in buffer (30 mM Tris and 4 mM EGTA [pH 8.0]) was incubated with LPs (22°C, 15 min) at final concentrations ranging from 10 mM to 30 mM. Further details can be found in section 13 of Supplemental Experimental Procedures. LPG purified from Leishmania donovani (Turco et al., 1987 (link)) was obtained as a gift. The stock solution (in ddH2O) was diluted appropriately. LPs were incubated with LPG (22°C, 15 min) before observation (Dermine et al., 2005 (link)). Further details can be found in section 13 of Supplemental Experimental Procedures. Bead motility with dynein using an ATP releasate from Dictyostelium cells has been described elsewhere (Soppina et al., 2009b (link)). Further details can be found in section 14 of Supplemental Experimental Procedures. See Supplemental Experimental Procedures, section 12 for details of lipidomics measurements. PC and free cholesterol was measured on lipids obtained from EPs and LPs purified from RAW264.7 cells.
Rai A., Pathak D., Thakur S., Singh S., Dubey A.K, & Mallik R. (2016). Dynein Clusters into Lipid Microdomains on Phagosomes to Drive Rapid Transport toward Lysosomes. Cell, 164(4), 722-734.
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Publication 2016
Agar Buffers Cells Chloroform Cholesterol Cytosol Dictyostelium Dynein ATPase Egtazic Acid Endosomes Filipin Fluorescence isolation Latex Leishmania donovani Light Lipids Membrane Proteins Methanol Microscopy, Differential Interference Contrast Motility, Cell Phagosomes RAW 264.7 Cells Silicon Dioxide Solvents Student Thin Layer Chromatography Tromethamine
2
Quantitative Analysis of Vacuole Docking Dynamics
Cited 6 times
GFP-tagged strains and their use in docking assays were described previously (Wang et al., 2002 (link), 2003 (link)). Isogenic strains containing the ACT1 wild type and act1-113 mutant alleles were a gift from D. Drubin (University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA; Ayscough, 2000 (link)). Docking reactions (30 μl) contained 6 μg of vacuoles from DKY6281, unless otherwise noted, in 30 μl docking reaction buffer (100 mM KCl, 0.5 mM MgCl2, 20 mM Pipes-KOH, pH 6.8, 200 mM sorbitol), ATP regenerating system (0.3 mM ATP, 6 mM creatine phosphate, 0.7 mg/ml creatine kinase), 20 μM coenzyme A, 930 nM IB2, 8 nM his6-Sec18p and either no lipid ligand or 0.2 μM Cy3-FYVE, 0.6 μM ENTH, 5 μM filipin, 1 μM Alexa 488-C1b, 0.5 μM rhodamine-MED, or 2.5 μM PSS-380. After 30 min at 27°C, vacuoles bearing GFP-tagged proteins or labeled with filipin, PSS380, or Alexa488-C1b were place on ice and mixed with 0.7 μl of 160 μM FM4-64 for 2 min (3.7 μM final concentration; Molecular Probes). Vacuoles labeled with Cy3-FYVE domain or Cy3-ENTH domain were mixed with 1 μl of 16 μM MDY-64 (Molecular Probes) for 2 min. For Cy3-ENTH labeling, vacuoles were reisolated (5,220 g, 4°C, 5 min) at the end of the 30-min incubation to eliminate background fluorescence and resuspended in the original volume of PS buffer before labeling with MDY-64 and microscopic analysis. Vacuoles were then mixed with 50 μl of 0.6% agarose in PS buffer at 42°C, vortexed (3 s, medium setting), and 15 μl aliquots were mounted on slides and observed by fluorescence microscopy.
Images were acquired using a microscope (model BX51; Olympus) equipped with a 100W mercury arc lamp, Plan Apochromat 60× objective (1.4 NA) and a Sensicam QE CCD camera (Cooke). Images were acquired at 23°C without pixel binning. GFP proteins, Alexa488-C1b and MDY-64 images were acquired using an Endow GFP filter set (Chroma Technology Corp.). Cy3-FYVE, Cy3-ENTH, and FM4-64 images were acquired using a TRITC/DiI filter set (Chroma Technology Corp.). An XF06 filter set (Omega Optical, Inc.) was used to acquire filipin and PSS-380 images. Filter sets were housed in a motorized turret. FM4-64 and MDY-64 were used to focus fields and photobleaching was performed for 20 s between channels. Bleaching of specific probes (e.g., filipin), though minimal, was normalized by automated image acquisition using IP Lab software (Scanalytics). Image acquisition scripts, using fixed exposure times, first captured the nonspecific probe followed by the specific probe. This method ensures that any bleaching is uniform, and negates it as a factor in calculating intensity ratios. Images were processed and analyzed using Image/J software (NIH). For ratiometric quantitation, maximum pixel values for vertex, boundary and outer membrane were measured in each fluorescence channel. Every vertex and outer membrane within a vacuole cluster was measured. Vertex ratio values were normalized by dividing by the mean ratio values of outside edges. For each treatment, 15–20 clusters with 100–300 vertex sites were analyzed from multiple independent experiments. The data are presented from a representative experiment in each case. The range of mean ratio values reflect the daily variability of our vacuole preparation. However, this does not affect the responsiveness of vacuoles within each preparation to our panel of inhibitors.
Statistical analysis of vertex enrichment experiments used JMP 5 (SAS Institute, Inc.). Ratio data were log transformed before analysis to yield near-normal distributions with comparable variances. Ratio means and 95% confidence intervals were analyzed using one-way ANOVAs for each lipid ligand and GFP-protein fusion. Significant differences in vertex enrichment were determined using t test and corrected for multiple comparisons using the Dunn-Sidak method (Sokal and Rohlf, 1994 ). P-values less than 0.05 were considered significant.
Fratti R.A., Jun Y., Merz A.J., Margolis N, & Wickner W. (2004). Interdependent assembly of specific regulatory lipids and membrane fusion proteins into the vertex ring domain of docked vacuoles. The Journal of Cell Biology, 167(6), 1087-1098.
Publication 2004
A-factor (Streptomyces) Alleles Biological Assay Buffers Coenzyme A Creatine Kinase Filipin Fluorescence FM 4-64 inhibitors Ligands Lipids Magnesium Chloride Mercury Microscopy Microscopy, Fluorescence Molecular Probes neuro-oncological ventral antigen 2, human Phosphocreatine piperazine-N,N'-bis(2-ethanesulfonic acid) Proteins Rhodamine Sepharose Sorbitol tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate Tissue, Membrane Vacuole
3
Confocal Microscopy Imaging of Fluorescent Markers
Cited 5 times
Fluorescent material was visualized by CLSM using either a Zeiss Axiovert 100 M inverted microscope (Zeiss), coupled to a Zeiss LSM 510 confocal laser scanner or a Leica TCS SP5 AOBS confocal laser scanning system (Leica Microsystem) coupled to a Leica DMI 6000 Cs inverted microscope, both equipped with differential interference contrast (DIC) optics. Settings for excitation (ex) and detection of emission (em) were chosen as follows: FM 1-43, NBD C6-sphingomyelin and Alexa 488 (ex 488 nm; em 505–530 or 520–570 nm); Mitotracker orange, neutral red, Lysotracker red and Nile red (ex 543 nm; em 560–615 nm); FM 4-64 (ex 514 nm; em 570–600 nm); Alexa 546 (ex 561 nm; em 570–600 nm); filipin (ex 375 nm; em 450–500 nm); Chl (ex 488 nm; em >585 nm or 600–700 nm). Sequential line scan modus (multitracking) was used in order to decrease further cross-talk of double-stained samples. Stacks of five serial confocal sections (Z-series) were taken for average intensity projections, generated by the Zeiss LSM 510 or Leica LAS AF software. Images of cells are positioned with horizontal sides parallel to the long axes of the internodes. Further image processing was done by ImageJ (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; http://rsb.info.nih.gov/ij) and Adobe Photoshop (Adobe Systems Inc.).
Schmölzer P.M., Höftberger M, & Foissner I. (2011). Plasma Membrane Domains Participate in pH Banding of Chara Internodal Cells. Plant and Cell Physiology, 52(8), 1274-1288.
Publication 2011
Cells Cross Reactions Epistropheus Eye Filipin FM1 43 FM 4-64 LysoTracker Microscopy mitotracker orange Modus N-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazoleaminocaproyl sphingosylphosphorylcholine Radionuclide Imaging
4
Investigating Cellular Uptake and Localization
Cited 5 times
A549 cells were treated with mixtures of 6 μM of SR9 and 100 nM of QD for 1 h unless otherwise noted.15 (link) For subcellular localization, the cells were treated with SR9/QD complexes for 20 min followed by Hoechst 33342 (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) at a final concentration of 16.2 μM at 37°C for 40 min, in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Some conditional samples were stained with 50 nM of LysoTracker DND-99 (Invitrogen) at 37°C for 30 min, 50 nM of MitoTracker Deep Red FM (Invitrogen) at 37°C for 30 min, or 5 μg/ml of N-(3-triethylammoniumpropyl)-4-(6-(4-(diethylamino)phenyl)-hexatrienyl)pyridinium dibromide (Membrane Tracker; FM 4–64, Invitrogen) at 4°C for 1 min, according to the manufacturers’ instructions.
The influence of a variety of pharmacological agents that disrupt different transport processes was examined by treating the cells with effective concentrations of the agent for 1 h at 37°C prior to measuring SR9/QD uptake as described above. To interfere with endocytosis, cells were treated with 2 μM of nigericin (Fluka Chemie, Seelze, Germany), 2 μM of valinomycin (Sigma-Aldrich), 10 mM of sodium azide (Fluka Chemie), 1 mM of N-ethylmaleimide (NEM; Sigma-Aldrich) or 80 mM of sodium chlorate (NaClO3; Sigma-Aldrich) at 37°C.10 (link),14 (link) To interfere with lipid sequestration experiments, cells were treated with 5 μg/mL of filipin (Sigma-Aldrich), 2 mM of methyl-β-cyclodetritrin (MβCD; Sigma-Aldrich) or 5 μg/mL of nystatin (Sigma-Aldrich). Disruption of macropinocytosis and actin rearrangement was accomplished by treatment with 100 μM of 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)-amiloride (EIPA; Sigma-Aldrich) or 10 μM of cytochalasin D (CytD; Sigma-Aldrich). To induce microtubule depolymerization, cells were treated with 10 μM of nocodazole.
Liu B.R., Li J.F., Lu S.W., Lee H.J., Huang Y.W., Shannon K.B, & Aronstam R.S. (2010). Cellular Internalization of Quantum Dots Noncovalently Conjugated with Arginine-Rich Cell-Penetrating Peptides. Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology, 10(10), 6534-6543.
Publication 2010
A549 Cells Actins Amiloride Cells Cytochalasin D Endocytosis ethylisopropylamiloride Ethylmaleimide Filipin FM 4-64 HOE 33342 Lipids LysoTracker Microtubules Nigericin Nocodazole Nystatin Sodium Azide sodium chlorate Tissue, Membrane Valinomycin
5
Analyzing Sporozoite Cell Traversal and Liver Stage Development
Cited 5 times
For analysis of sporozoite cell traversal, HepG2 cells were incubated 3 hours at 37°C with sporozoites (5×104) in the presence of 0.5 mg/ml fluorescein-conjugated dextran (Molecular Probes) [23] (link). Cells were then trypsinized and washed to remove extracellular sporozoites and dextran, and either analyzed by FACS to determine the percentage of dextran-positive cells, or plated in 8-chamber plastic Lab-Tek slides and further cultured at least 3 hours before analysis by fluorescence microscopy. To analyze productive infection and LS development, infected HepG2 cultures in Lab-Teks were incubated for 6–72 hours post-infection before analysis by immunofluorescence using primary antibodies against P. berghei CSP [54] (link), HSP-70 [55] (link), UIS4 [6] (link), or EXP1 [19] (link) as indicated, and appropriate secondary antibodies (Molecular probes). Hoechst 33342 (Molecular Probes) was used to stain nuclei. Cholesterol staining with filipin (Sigma) was performed as described [56] (link). Images were acquired on a Zeiss LSM510 confocal system (Zeiss, Germany) equipped with visible and UV laser lines, and processed with Adobe Photoshop software (Adobe Systems Inc.).
Silvie O., Goetz K, & Matuschewski K. (2008). A Sporozoite Asparagine-Rich Protein Controls Initiation of Plasmodium Liver Stage Development. PLoS Pathogens, 4(6), e1000086.
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Publication 2008
Antibodies Cell Nucleus Cholesterol Dextran Filipin fluorescein-dextran Fluorescent Antibody Technique Heat-Shock Proteins 70 Hep G2 Cells HOE 33342 Infection Microscopy, Fluorescence Molecular Probes Sporozoites Stains XPO1 protein, human

Most recents protocols related to «Filipin»

1
Intracellular Cholesterol and Mitochondrial GSH Analysis
Cholesterol levels were determined fluorometrically using the Amplex Red Cholesterol Assay kit (Thermo Fisher Sci.; A12216). Samples (0.5 × 105 cells) were extracted with chloroform:isopropanol:IGEPAL CA-630 (7:11:0.1) and centrifuged at 13,000 g for 10 min to remove insoluble material. The organic phase was dried under vacuum, dissolved in 1 × cholesterol reaction buffer, and analyzed following the guidelines provided by the supplier. To evaluate the intracellular distribution of the cholesterol load, cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) for 20 min at room temperature, and after washing three times, were incubated with the naturally fluorescent polyene antibiotic filipin III (0.25 mg/ml; Sigma-Aldrich, F4767) for 30 min. Images were acquired with a Zeiss Axiophot fluorescence microscope using a 40 × /1.3 N.A. objective. The ImageJ software [34 (link)] was used to calculate the corrected total cell fluorescence (CTCF) by applying the following formula: CTCF = Integrated Density − (Area of selected cell × Mean fluorescence of background readings). Mitochondria from SH-SY5Y cells were isolated by digitonin fractionation as described previously [35 ] and the GSH content was analyzed using the Glutathione Assay Kit (Sigma-Aldrich, CS0260-1 KT) following the manufacturer's instructions.
de Dios C., Abadin X., Roca-Agujetas V., Jimenez-Martinez M., Morales A., Trullas R., Mari M, & Colell A. (2023). Inflammasome activation under high cholesterol load triggers a protective microglial phenotype while promoting neuronal pyroptosis. Translational Neurodegeneration, 12, 10.
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Publication 2023
Antibiotics Biological Assay Buffers Cells Chloroform Cholesterol CTCF protein, human Digitonin Filipin Fluorescence Fractionation, Chemical Glutathione Igepal CA-630 Isopropyl Alcohol Microscopy, Fluorescence Mitochondria paraform Polyenes Protoplasm Vacuum
2
Intracellular Cholesterol and Mitochondrial GSH Analysis
Cholesterol levels were determined fluorometrically using the Amplex Red Cholesterol Assay kit (Thermo Fisher Sci.; A12216). Samples (0.5 × 105 cells) were extracted with chloroform:isopropanol:IGEPAL CA-630 (7:11:0.1) and centrifuged at 13,000 g for 10 min to remove insoluble material. The organic phase was dried under vacuum, dissolved in 1 × cholesterol reaction buffer, and analyzed following the guidelines provided by the supplier. To evaluate the intracellular distribution of the cholesterol load, cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) for 20 min at room temperature, and after washing three times, were incubated with the naturally fluorescent polyene antibiotic filipin III (0.25 mg/ml; Sigma-Aldrich, F4767) for 30 min. Images were acquired with a Zeiss Axiophot fluorescence microscope using a 40 × /1.3 N.A. objective. The ImageJ software [34 (link)] was used to calculate the corrected total cell fluorescence (CTCF) by applying the following formula: CTCF = Integrated Density − (Area of selected cell × Mean fluorescence of background readings). Mitochondria from SH-SY5Y cells were isolated by digitonin fractionation as described previously [35 ] and the GSH content was analyzed using the Glutathione Assay Kit (Sigma-Aldrich, CS0260-1 KT) following the manufacturer's instructions.
de Dios C., Abadin X., Roca-Agujetas V., Jimenez-Martinez M., Morales A., Trullas R., Mari M, & Colell A. (2023). Inflammasome activation under high cholesterol load triggers a protective microglial phenotype while promoting neuronal pyroptosis. Translational Neurodegeneration, 12, 10.
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Publication 2023
Antibiotics Biological Assay Buffers Cells Chloroform Cholesterol CTCF protein, human Digitonin Filipin Fluorescence Fractionation, Chemical Glutathione Igepal CA-630 Isopropyl Alcohol Microscopy, Fluorescence Mitochondria paraform Polyenes Protoplasm Vacuum
3
Uptake Inhibition Assay for Mammalian Cells

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Publication 2023
5-(6)-carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester Amiloride Biological Assay carboxyfluorescein Cells Cell Survival Chlorpromazine Cytotoxin Esters Filipin Flow Cytometry Fluorescent Dyes Homo sapiens inhibitors Mammals Obesity Omeprazole Psychological Inhibition
4
Imaging Cholesterol and Lysosomes in BMdM
All fluorescence images were collected on a Zeiss 880 LSM (Carl Zeiss Microscopy, LLC., White Plaines, NY). The objective used to collect the images was a ×63 Plan Apo 1.4 NA oil immersion objective. A confocal aperture of 1 AU was used for all image acquisition. For imaging of cholesterol and lysosomes, a procedure similar to that of (Kummer et al., 2022 (link)) was used. BMdM were seeded the prior day at 1.5 × 105 cells per well in a 4-well Greiner Cellview cell culture dish. The next day, BMdM were stained with LysoView 633 for 1 h at a concentration of 1x in complete media per the manufacturer’s instructions. The cells were then washed twice with PBS before being fixed for 10 min at room temperature in 4% paraformaldehyde. Again, the cells were washed twice with PBS before addition of filipin staining solution in complete media. Filipin staining solution was made by diluting a 2.5 mg/mL stock of Filipin in DMSO 1:2 with 2% BSA/PBS. BMdM were then incubated at 37°C in the dark for 2 hours. The staining solution was then removed and replaced with phenol-red free complete media. Filipin was excited with a 405-nm laser, and LysoView 633 was excited with a 633-nm laser. The laser power and detector gain were held contestant across all conditions. At least six images of each condition were acquired per experiment. Experiments were conducted over three separate days. The laser power and detector gain were held constant across all conditions. Fluorescence overlays were generated with Zeiss Zen 2.3 software.
Sydor M.J., Kendall R.L, & Holian A. (2023). Cholesterol content regulates silica-induced lysosomal membrane permeability. Frontiers in Toxicology, 5, 1112822.
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Publication 2023
ARID1A protein, human Cell Culture Techniques Cells Cholesterol Filipin Fluorescence Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Lysosomes Microscopy paraform Submersion Sulfoxide, Dimethyl
5
Quantifying Lysosomal Dysfunction in Silica Exposure
The phospholipids 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1′-rac-glycerol) (18:1 Δ9-cis) (DOPG) (Item No. 840475) and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine 18:1 (Δ9-Cis) (DOPC) (Item No. 850375) were purchased in chloroform from Avanti Polar Lipids, inc. (Alabaster, AL). Cholesterol powder (Item No. 700000) was also bought from Avanti Polar Lipids, inc. (Alabaster, AL). The fluorescence probe used for anisotropy measurements was Di-4-ANEPPDHQ, which was purchased from ThermoFisher (Waltham, MA). U18666a (Item No. 10009085) was obtained from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI). The fluorescent substrate for n-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase was 4-Methylumbelliferyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-D-Glucopyranoside (Item No. 26953), and it was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI). Filipin complex (Item No. F9765), digitonin (Item No. 300410), and Pefabloc SC (Item No. 11429868001) were from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). For staining lysosomes, LysoView 633 (Item No. 70058) was purchased from Biotium, Inc. (Fremont, CA). The Cellview cell culture dishes (Item No. 627871) were from Greiner Bio-One North America, Inc. (Monroe, NC). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the cellular supernatant was measured with a CytoTox 96 Non-radioactive Cytotoxicity Assay (Item No. G1780) Promega (Madison, WI). Crystalline silica (Min-u-sil-5) was obtained from the Pennsylvania Glass Sand Corporation (Pittsburgh, PA). Min-u-sil-5 has a circle equivalent average diameter of 1.3 µm and has been further characterized in our previous work (Pavan et al., 2022 (link)).
Sydor M.J., Kendall R.L, & Holian A. (2023). Cholesterol content regulates silica-induced lysosomal membrane permeability. Frontiers in Toxicology, 5, 1112822.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2023
1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoglycerol 1,2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine Alabaster Anisotropy Biological Assay Caimans Cell Culture Techniques Cells Chloroform Cholesterol Cytotoxin di-4-ANEPPDHQ Digitonin Filipin Fluorescent Probes Glucosaminidases Glycerin Glycerylphosphorylcholine Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Lactate Dehydrogenase Lipids Lysosomes oxytocin, 1-desamino-(O-Et-Tyr)(2)- Pefabloc Phospholipids Powder Promega Radioactivity Silicon Dioxide U 18666A

Top products related to «Filipin»

1
Filipin by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, France, United Kingdom, Austria, Macao
Filipin is a fluorescent stain used for the detection and localization of cholesterol and cholesterol-rich membrane domains in cells and tissues. It binds specifically to cholesterol and can be used to visualize the distribution of cholesterol in biological samples.
2
Filipin 3 by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany
Filipin III is a fluorescent compound used in laboratory applications. It functions as a stain, binding to cholesterol and other sterols in cellular membranes, allowing their visualization and analysis.
3
Chlorpromazine by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, China, Germany
Chlorpromazine is a pharmaceutical compound used as a laboratory reagent. It is a white crystalline solid that is soluble in water and organic solvents. Chlorpromazine is commonly used in research and laboratory settings as a reference standard or for various analytical purposes.
4
Filipin 3 by Cayman Chemical
Sourced in United States
Filipin III is a fluorescent polyene compound that binds to cholesterol in biological membranes. It can be used as a stain for the detection and localization of cholesterol in cells and tissues.
5
Filipin complex by Merck Group
Sourced in United States
Filipin complex is a fluorescent stain used in microscopy to selectively bind and label cholesterol and other sterols in biological samples. It is a natural product isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces filipinensis. Filipin complex exhibits blue-violet fluorescence when excited with ultraviolet light and can be used to visualize the distribution of sterols within cells and tissues.
6
Cholesterol assay kit by Abcam
Sourced in United Kingdom, United States, China
The Cholesterol Assay Kit is a quantitative colorimetric assay designed to measure the total cholesterol concentration in a sample. The kit includes reagents and standards to facilitate the measurement of cholesterol levels.
7
Cytochalasin d by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, Macao, United Kingdom, China, Italy, Canada, Sao Tome and Principe
Cytochalasin D is a laboratory reagent that inhibits actin polymerization. It is commonly used in cell biology research to disrupt the cytoskeleton and study its role in cellular processes.
8
Cholesterol cell based detection assay kit by Cayman Chemical
Sourced in United States
The Cholesterol Cell-Based Detection Assay Kit is a laboratory tool used to quantify the amount of cholesterol present in cell samples. It provides a quantitative analysis of cholesterol levels through a simple, colorimetric assay.
9
Fetal bovine serum (fbs) by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, China, United Kingdom, Germany, Australia, Japan, Canada, Italy, France, Switzerland, New Zealand, Brazil, Belgium, India, Spain, Israel, Austria, Poland, Ireland, Sweden, Macao, Netherlands, Denmark, Cameroon, Singapore, Portugal, Argentina, Holy See (Vatican City State), Morocco, Uruguay, Mexico, Thailand, Sao Tome and Principe, Hungary, Panama, Hong Kong, Norway, United Arab Emirates, Czechia, Russian Federation, Chile, Moldova, Republic of, Gabon, Palestine, State of, Saudi Arabia, Senegal
Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is a cell culture supplement derived from the blood of bovine fetuses. FBS provides a source of proteins, growth factors, and other components that support the growth and maintenance of various cell types in in vitro cell culture applications.
10
Methyl β cyclodextrin by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, Japan, United Kingdom
Methyl-β-cyclodextrin is a cyclic oligosaccharide compound commonly used as a laboratory reagent. It is a derivative of the natural compound β-cyclodextrin, with methyl groups attached to the hydroxyl groups. Methyl-β-cyclodextrin has the ability to form inclusion complexes with various organic molecules, which can be utilized in various applications involving solubilization, stabilization, and delivery of compounds in research and development settings.

More about "Filipin"

Filipin is a polyene macrolide antibiotic derived from the bacterium Streptomyces filipinensis.
It is a widely used fluorescent marker for visualizing cholesterol in cell membranes.
Filipin binds specifically to 3β-hydroxysterols, making it a valuable tool for studying cholesterol distribution and dynamics in biological systems.
Researchers can optimize their Filipin research protocols using PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform, which helps locate the best protocols and products from literature, preprints, and patents through smart comparisons.
This intelligent tool can streamline Filipin studies and assist in finding the optimal solutions for your research needs.
Filipin III, a closely related compound, is also used for similar applications.
Chlorpromazine, another related molecule, is a phenothiazine drug that can disrupt cholesterol-rich membrane domains.
The Filipin complex, a mixture of related polyene macrolides, is sometimes used as an alternative to pure Filipin.
Cholesterol Assay Kits and Cholesterol Cell-Based Detection Assay Kits provide convenient methods for quantifying cholesterol levels, which can be useful in conjunction with Filipin-based studies.
Cytochalasin D, a fungal metabolite, is known to disrupt the actin cytoskeleton and can be used to investigate the role of cholesterol in cellular processes.
Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is a common cell culture supplement that contains a complex mixture of proteins, growth factors, and other components.
Methyl-β-cyclodextrin is a cholesterol-sequestering agent that can be used to manipulate cellular cholesterol levels and study its effects.
By leveraging the insights and tools provided by PubCompare.ai, researchers can optimize their Filipin-based investigations and uncover new understandings about cholesterol biology and its role in cellular processes.