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Monensin

Monensin is a polyether ionophore antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces cinnamonensis.
It is used as a feed additive in cattle and poultry to improve feed efficiency and weight gain.
Monensin acts by disrupting ion gradients in bacterial cell membranes, leading to cell death.
It has also been studied for its potential antitumour, antiprotozoal, and antiviral properties.
Researchers can use PubCompare.ai's AI-powered tools to easily find and compare Monensin-related protocols from published literature, preprints, and patents, enhancing the reproducibility and accuracy of their Monensin studies.

Most cited protocols related to «Monensin»

1
High-Resolution Intracellular Ca2+ Imaging
Cited 58 times
Cultured cells were transfected using Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen) 2 or 3 days before imaging. Jurkat T cells were electroporated using a MicroPorator (MP-100, Digital Bio) 1 day before imaging. For cytosolic Ca2+ imaging using fura-2, cells were loaded with 5 μM fura-2 AM (Molecular Probes, USA) at room temperature (22–24 °C) for 40–60 min in 0.1% BSA-supplemented physiological salt solution (PSS) containing (in mM) 150 NaCl, 4 KCl, 2 CaCl2, 1 MgCl2, 5.6 glucose and 25 HEPES (pH 7.4). Before imaging, the loading solution was replaced with PSS without BSA.
The images were captured using an inverted microscope (IX81, Olympus, Japan) equipped with a × 20 objective (numerical aperture (NA)=0.75, UPlanSApo, Olympus) or a × 40 objective (NA 0.90, UApo/340, Olympus), an electron-multiplying cooled-coupled device (EM-CCD) camera (ImagEM, Hamamatsu Photonics, Japan), a filter wheel (Lambda 10-3, Sutter Instrument, USA), a xenon lamp (ebx75) and a metal halide lamp (EL6000, Leica, Germany) at a rate of one frame per 2 or 3 s with the following excitation/emission filter settings: 472±15 nm/520±17.5 nm for G-GECO1.1, CEPIA1er, G-CEPIA1er, CEPIA2–4mt and EYFP-er; 562±20 nm/641±37.5 nm for R-GECO1, R-CEPIA1er and mCherry-STIM1; 377±25 nm/466±20 nm and 377±25 nm/520±17.5 nm for GEM-GECO1 and GEM-CEPIA1er; 340±13 nm/510±42 nm and 365±6 nm/510±42 nm for fura-2; 440±10.5 nm/480±15 nm and 440±10.5 nm/535±13 nm for D1ER19 (link)20 (link). For analysis of the ratiometric indicators, we calculated the fluorescence ratio (F466/F520 for GEM-GECO1 and GEM-CEPIA1er; F340/F365 for fura-2; F535/F480 for D1ER). Photobleaching was corrected for using a linear fit to the fluorescence intensity change before agonist stimulation. All images were analysed with ImageJ software.
To image subcellular ER Ca2+ dynamics during agonist-induced Ca2+ wave formation, we imaged HeLa cells expressing either G-CEPIA1er or R-CEPIA1er. Images were captured at a rate of one frame per 30–100 ms using a × 60 objective (NA 1.45, PlanApo TIRF, Olympus) and the metal halide lamp or an LED lamp (pE-100, CoolLED, UK). To evaluate Ca2+ wave velocity in the ER and cytosol, images were normalized by the resting intensity, and a linear region of interest (ROI) was defined along the direction of wave propagation. A line-scan image was created by averaging 30 adjacent linear ROIs parallel to the original ROI, and time derivative was obtained to detect the time point that showed maximal change during the scan duration. Then, the time points were plotted against the pixel, and the wave velocity was estimated by the slope of the least-squares regression line.
For mitochondrial Ca2+ imaging with ER and cytosolic Ca2+, mitochondrial inner membrane potential or mitochondrial pH at subcellular resolution, we imaged HeLa cells with a confocal microscope (TCS SP8, Leica) equipped with a × 63 objective (NA 1.40, HC PL APO, Leica) at a rate of one frame per 2 or 3 s with the following excitation/emission spectra: R-GECO1mt (552 nm/560–800nm), G-CEPIA1er (488 nm/500–550 nm) and GEM-GECO1 (405 nm/500–550 nm); GEM-GECO1mt (405 nm/500–550 nm), JC-1 (488 nm/500–550 nm and 488 nm/560–800nm); R-GECO1mt (552 nm/560–800nm), SypHer-dmito (405 nm/500–550 nm and 488 nm/500–550 nm). For analysis of JC-1 and SypHer-dmito, we calculated the fluorescence ratio (488 nm/560–800 nm over 488 nm/500–550 nm for JC-1 (ref. 55 (link)); 488 nm/500–550 nm over 405 nm/500–550 nm for SypHer-dmito62 (link)).
To perform in situ Ca2+ titration of CEPIA, we permeabilized the plasma membrane of HeLa cells with 150 μM β-escin (Nacalai Tesque, Japan) in a solution containing (in mM) 140 KCl, 10 NaCl, 1 MgCl2 and 20 HEPES (pH 7.2). After 4 min treatment with β-escin, we applied various Ca2+ concentrations in the presence of 3 μM ionomycin and 3 μM thapsigargin, and estimated the maximum and minimum fluorescent intensity (Rmax and Rmin), dynamic range (Rmax/Rmin), Kd and n.
For the estimation of [Ca2+]ER based on the ratiometric measurement using GEM-CEPIA1er (Figs 1e,f and 5b and Supplementary Fig. 5f), [Ca2+]ER was obtained by the following equation:

where R=(F at 466 nm)/(F at 510 nm), n=1.37 and Kd=558 μM.
To evaluate pH-dependent change of EYFP-er fluorescence (Supplementary Fig. 4a–d), we stimulated HeLa cells expressing EYFP-er in a PSS (adjusted to pH 6.8) containing monensin (10 μM, Wako) and nigericin (10 μM, Wako). Subsequently, the cells were alkalinized with a solution containing (in mM) 120 NaCl, 30 NH4Cl, 4 KCl, 2 CaCl2, 1 MgCl2, 5 HEPES and 5.6 Glucose (pH 7.4)67 (link).
Suzuki J., Kanemaru K., Ishii K., Ohkura M., Okubo Y, & Iino M. (2014). Imaging intraorganellar Ca2+ at subcellular resolution using CEPIA. Nature Communications, 5, 4153.
Publication 2014
Aftercare Cells Cultured Cells Cytosol Electrons Escin Fingers Fluorescence Fura-2 fura-2-am Glucose HeLa Cells HEPES Ionomycin Jurkat Cells lipofectamine 2000 Magnesium Chloride Medical Devices Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial Metals Microscopy Microscopy, Confocal Mitochondria Molecular Probes Monensin Nigericin physiology Plasma Radionuclide Imaging Reading Frames Reproduction Sodium Chloride STIM1 protein, human Thapsigargin Titrimetry Xenon
2
Intracellular Cytokine Staining of SARS-CoV-2-Specific CD8+ T Cells
Cited 19 times

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Publication 2020
Antibodies Biological Assay Brefeldin A CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes Cells Cytokine Golgi Apparatus Interferon Type II Interleukin-10 Monensin paraform Protoplasm Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus Sulfoxide, Dimethyl Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
3
Mass Cytometry Immunophenotyping of Stimulated Cells
Cited 19 times

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Publication 2012
Amines Antibodies Azides Brefeldin A Buffers Cells Combined Antibody Therapeutics Cross Reactions Edetic Acid Electron Microscopy Endotoxins Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Erythrocytes Fetal Bovine Serum Ficoll Homo sapiens Immunoglobulins Indium-115 indium trichloride Ionomycin Iridium Isotopes LAMP2 protein, human Ligands Magnetic Fields Metals Molar Monensin Muromonab-CD3 Mus paraform Protoplasm Pulse Rate Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell Sodium Azide stains-all Sulfhydryl Compounds TAPI-2 Tetrameres tetraxetan Vision
4
CD4 T Cell Antigen-Specificity Assay
Cited 18 times
Antigen-specificity of the CD4 T cell lines generated above was determined using the “Combined OX40/CD25 and CD69/CD40L” approach described above and by ICS. For the ICS, briefly, 24 hr after IL-2 removal from the media (~Day 11 of culture) CD4 T cell line cells were collected, washed, and resuspended in X-VIVO + 10% HAB. The cell line was then restimulated with the appropriate antigen (0.5 μg/peptide/ml) for 6 hr. BFA/monensin was added after 1 hr. Cells were surface stained according to the panel in S6 Table, then fixed and permeabilized according to manufacturers instructions using eBioscience Intracellular Fixation and Permeabilization Buffer set (eBioscience, 88-8824-00). Cells were then stained intracellularly according to the panel in S6 Table, and resuspended in 1% FBS/PBS for acquisition.
Reiss S., Baxter A.E., Cirelli K.M., Dan J.M., Morou A., Daigneault A., Brassard N., Silvestri G., Routy J.P., Havenar-Daughton C., Crotty S, & Kaufmann D.E. (2017). Comparative analysis of activation induced marker (AIM) assays for sensitive identification of antigen-specific CD4 T cells. PLoS ONE, 12(10), e0186998.
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Publication 2017
Antigens Buffers CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes Cell Lines Cells IL2RA protein, human Monensin Peptides Protoplasm T-Cell Specificity T-Lymphocyte TNFRSF4 protein, human
5
Analytical Tool for Complex Combinatorial Datasets
Cited 15 times
The present work proposes a novel analytical tool for complex combinatorial datasets. It is essentially theoretical, but makes use of three experimental datasets to illustrate the power of the analysis. One experimental dataset was derived from a previously published study. [11] Of note, pie charts presented in Figure 3 derive from this study. The pro-inflammatory IL-17A- and IL-22-secreting CD4+ T cell responses of 25 healthy individuals were analyzed as previously described. [15] (link) Similarly, HIV-specific responses of 26 untreated HIV-infected patients were analyzed by the same technical approach as previously described by us for CMV-specific responses. [38] (link) The methodologies behind the datasets are therefore only briefly described here. Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) were purified and stimulated with either 1 µg/ml PMA and 1 µg/ml Ionomycin (Sigma-Aldrich, France), EBV peptide antigen (5 µM) or HIV-gag p17 overlapping peptides (5 µM each) at 37°C. Cytokine secretion was blocked with 2.5 µg/ml monensin and 5 µg/ml brefeldin A (Sigma-Aldrich). After 16 h of stimulation, cells were incubated with directly conjugated anti-CD4-APC/Cy7 (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA), anti-CD8-Alexa405 (Caltag, Burlingame, CA) and when appropriate PE-conjugated EBV peptide-MHC class I tetramer. Cells were permeabilized with Cytofix/Cytoperm™ (BD Biosciences) and stained with anti-cytokine antibodies for 20 minutes at room temperature. Finally, 106 cell events were analyzed on a BD LSRII apparatus using FACSDiva (BD Biosciences) and FlowJo (TreeStar Inc) softwares. Polyfunctionality analysis was performed using Pestle Version 1.6.2 and Spice Version 4.2.3 (Mario Roederer, ImmunoTechnology Section, VRC/NIAID/NIH). [25]
Larsen M., Sauce D., Arnaud L., Fastenackels S., Appay V, & Gorochov G. (2012). Evaluating Cellular Polyfunctionality with a Novel Polyfunctionality Index. PLoS ONE, 7(7), e42403.
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Publication 2012
Anti-Antibodies Antigens Brefeldin A CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes Cells Cytokine Genes, MHC Class I IL17A protein, human IL25 protein, human Inflammation Ionomycin Monensin P17 peptide Patients PBMC Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Peptides secretion Spices Tetrameres

Most recents protocols related to «Monensin»

1
Intracellular Staining and Mass Cytometry of Cryopreserved Splenocytes
For intracellular staining, short-term reactivation of cryopreserved splenocytes and subsequent mass cytometry analysis were performed as described previously94 (link). In short, cells were kept at −80 °C for less than 2 months before thawing in a 37 °C water bath. Cells were then immediately resuspended in cell culture medium supplemented with 1:10,000 benzonase (Sigma-Aldrich), and centrifuged at 300 g for 7 min at 24 °C. Samples were then left overnight at 37 °C before restimulation with 50 ng/mL phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (Sigma-Aldrich) and 500 ng/mL ionomycin (Sigma-Aldrich) in the presence of 1× brefeldin A (BD Biosciences) and 1× monensin (Biolegend) for 4 h at 37 °C. For splenocytes, one anchor sample to correct batch effect among different acquisitions and one non-stimulated control sample were also included. For both PBMCs and reactivated cryopreserved splenocytes, surface staining was performed for 30 min at 4 °C. To identify dead cells, 2.5 μM cisplatin (Sigma-Aldrich) was added for 5 min on ice. To minimize technical variability, an equal number of cells from each sample were barcoded using Cell-ID 20-Plex (Fluidigm). Cells from all samples were then combined in one single tube. The combined sample was then processed for Live/Dead and surface staining. For intracellular cytokine staining of reactivated cryopreserved splenocytes, after surface staining, cells were fixed and permeabilized with FOXP3 staining kit (Invitrogen) and stained for intracellular markers and cytokines. The antibodies used are reported in Supplementary Table 2. Because CD4 molecules are internalized during phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate/ionomycin stimulation95 (link), the anti-CD4 antibody was used in both the surface staining and the intracellular staining steps. After washing, the combined sample was incubated with 4% PFA overnight at 4 °C. Prior to acquisition in a Helios™ II CyTOF® system, samples were washed with cell staining buffer and mass cytometry grade water. Multidimensional datasets were analyzed using FlowJo and R (R Core Team, 2017).
Suzzi S., Croese T., Ravid A., Gold O., Clark A.R., Medina S., Kitsberg D., Adam M., Vernon K.A., Kohnert E., Shapira I., Malitsky S., Itkin M., Brandis A., Mehlman T., Salame T.M., Colaiuta S.P., Cahalon L., Slyper M., Greka A., Habib N, & Schwartz M. (2023). N-acetylneuraminic acid links immune exhaustion and accelerated memory deficit in diet-induced obese Alzheimer’s disease mouse model. Nature Communications, 14, 1293.
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Publication 2023
Antibodies Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic Bath Benzonase Brefeldin A Buffers CD4 Antigens Cell Culture Techniques Cells Cisplatin Culture Media Cytokine Ionomycin Monensin Protoplasm Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate
2
Single-cell immune profiling of PBMCs by CyTOF
Frozen PBMCs and SFMCs were thawed and stained with a T cell focused panel of 37 heavy metal-conjugated antibodies (Supplementary file 2), as previously described (Chew et al., 2019 (link)), and analyzed by CyTOF-Helios (Fluidigm, San Francisco, CA). Briefly, PBMCs were stimulated with or without phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (150 ng/ml, Sigma-Aldrich) and ionomycin (750 ng/ml, Sigma-Aldrich) for 4 h, and blocked with secretory inhibitors, brefeldin A (1:1000, eBioscience) and monensin (1:1000, BioLegend) for the last 2 h. The cells were then washed and stained with cell viability dye cisplatin (200 μM, Sigma-Aldrich). Each individual sample was barcoded with a unique combination of anti-CD45 conjugated with either heavy metal 89, 115, 141, or 167, as previously described (Lai et al., 2015 (link)). Barcoded cells were washed and stained with the surface antibody cocktail for 30 min on ice, and subsequently washed and re-suspended in fixation/permeabilization buffer (permeabilization buffer, eBioscience) for 45 min on ice. Permeabilized cells were subsequently stained with an intra-cellular antibody cocktail for 45 min on ice, followed by staining with a DNA intercalator Ir-191/193 (1:2000 in 1.6% w/v paraformaldehyde, Fluidigm) overnight at 4°C or for 20 min on ice. Finally, the cells were washed and re-suspended with EQ Four Element Calibration beads (1:10, Fluidigm) at a concentration of 1×106 cells/ml. The cell mixture was then loaded and acquired on a Helios mass cytometer (Fluidigm) calibrated with CyTOF Tunning solution (Fluidigm). The output FCS files were randomized and normalized with the EQ Four Element Calibration beads (Fluidigm) against the entire run, according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.
Normalized CyTOF output FCS files were de-barcoded manually into individual samples in FlowJo (v.10.2), and downsampled to equal cell events (5000 cells) for each sample. Batch run effects were assessed using an internal biological control (PBMC aliquots from the same healthy donor for every run). Normalized cells were then clustered with MarVis (Kaever et al., 2009 (link)), using Barnes Hut Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (SNE) nonlinear dimensionality reduction algorithm and k-means clustering algorithm, as previously described (Chew et al., 2019 (link)). The default clustering parameters were set at perplexity of 30, and p<1e−21. The cells were then mapped on a two-dimensional t-distributed SNE scale based on the similarity score of their respective combination of markers, and categorized into nodes (k-means). To ensure that the significant nodes obtained from clustering were relevant, we performed back-gating of the clustered CSV files and supervised gating of the original FCS files with FlowJo as validation. Visualizations (density maps, node frequency fingerprint, node phenotype, and radar plots) were performed through R scripts and/or Flow Jo (v.10.2). Correlation matrix and node heatmaps were generated using MarVis (Kaever et al., 2009 (link)) and PRISM (v.7.0).
Mijnheer G., Servaas N.H., Leong J.Y., Boltjes A., Spierings E., Chen P., Lai L., Petrelli A., Vastert S., de Boer R.J., Albani S., Pandit A, & van Wijk F. (2023). Compartmentalization and persistence of dominant (regulatory) T cell clones indicates antigen skewing in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. eLife, 12, e79016.
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Publication 2023
Antibodies Biopharmaceuticals Brefeldin A Buffers Cells Cell Survival Chewing Cisplatin Combined Antibody Therapeutics DNA, A-Form Freezing inhibitors Intercalating Agents Ionomycin Metals, Heavy Microtubule-Associated Proteins Monensin paraform Phenotype prisma Protoplasm Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell secretion T-Lymphocyte Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate Tissue Donors
3
Multiparametric Flow Cytometry Analysis
Lungs and spleen from mice of different groups were isolated and macerated using frosted slides in ice-cold RPMI 1640 (Hyclone) supplemented with 10% FBS to prepare single-cell suspension. RBC lysis buffer was used to lyse RBCs and cells were washed with 10% RPMI 1640. After cell counting, 1×106 cells were seeded in 12 well for staining. For surface staining, cells were activated by 10 μg/mL of H37Rv complete soluble antigen (CSA) stimulation. Subsequently, 0.5 μg/mL Brefeldin A and 0.5 μg/mL of Monensin solution (BioLegend) were added during the last 4 hours of culture. Cells were then washed twice with FACS buffer (PBS + 3% FBS) and stained with antibodies directed against surface markers followed by fixation with 100 μl fixation buffer (biolegend) for 30 min. For intracellular staining, the cells were permeabilized using 1X permeabilizing buffer (Biolegend) and then were stained with fluorescently labelled anti-cytokine antibodies. For non-flurochrome tagged antibodies, secondary antibody tagged with Alexa Fluor 488 was used to measure the flurochrome intensity. The intensity of fluorochromes were assessed by flow cytometry (BD LSRFortessa Cell Analyzer—Flow Cytometers, BD Biosciences) followed by data analysis via FlowJo (Tree Star, USA).
Pahuja I., Negi K., Kumari A., Agarwal M., Mukhopadhyay S., Mathew B., Chaturvedi S., Maras J.S., Bhaskar A, & Dwivedi V.P. (2023). Berberine governs NOTCH3/AKT signaling to enrich lung-resident memory T cells during tuberculosis. PLOS Pathogens, 19(3), e1011165.
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Publication 2023
alexa fluor 488 Anti-Antibodies Antibodies Antigens Brefeldin A Buffers Cells Cold Temperature Cytokine Erythrocytes Flow Cytometry Fluorescent Dyes Immunoglobulins Lung Monensin Mus Protoplasm Spleen Trees
4
SARS-CoV-2 RBD-Specific T-cell Assay
Approximately 1.5 × 106 cells were stained with antibodies and antibody application was followed by the recommendation. Mouse lymphocytes were stimulated with the peptide pool of SARS-CoV-2 RBD and incubated with monensin [BioLegend (Cat. No. 420701)] for 9 hours. Then, the cells were harvested. For surface staining, cells were stained with fluorescence-labeled mAbs of CD3-FITC (BioLegend, USA), CD4-APC-Cy7 (BioLegend, USA) and CD8-AF700 (BioLegend, USA). The cells were subsequently fixed and permeabilized in permeabilizing buffer (BD Biosciences, USA) and intracellularly stained with fluorescence-labeled mAbs of IFN-γ-BV605 (BioLegend, USA), IL-2-BV421 (BioLegend, USA) and IL-4-PE (BioLegend, USA). All stained cells were detected on BD LSRFortessa™ X-20.
Zhou Y., Qu J., Sun X., Yue Z., Liu Y., Zhao K., Yang F., Feng J., Pan X., Jin Y., Cheng Z., Yang L., Ha U.H., Wu W., Li L, & Bai F. (2023). Delivery of spike-RBD by bacterial type three secretion system for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development. Frontiers in Immunology, 14, 1129705.
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Publication 2023
Antibodies Buffers Cells Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Fluorescence Immunoglobulins Interferon Type II Lymphocyte Monensin Monoclonal Antibodies Mus Peptides SARS-CoV-2
5
Evaluating SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Immunity

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Publication 2023
ACE2 protein, human Antibodies Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic Antigens CD44 protein, human Cells Cellular Immunity Cytokine Edetic Acid Flow Cytometry Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Goat Interferon Type II Interleukin-13 Monensin M protein, multiple myeloma Peptides Phycoerythrin Proteins Protoplasm Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell Recombinant Proteins RNA, Messenger SARS-CoV-2 SELL protein, human Serum Streptavidin T-Lymphocyte Trypsin

Top products related to «Monensin»

1
Ionomycin by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Macao, France, Italy, China, Canada, Switzerland, Sao Tome and Principe, Australia, Japan, Belgium, Denmark, Netherlands, Israel, Chile, Spain
Ionomycin is a laboratory reagent used in cell biology research. It functions as a calcium ionophore, facilitating the transport of calcium ions across cell membranes. Ionomycin is commonly used to study calcium-dependent signaling pathways and cellular processes.
2
Monensin by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Spain, Denmark, China, Norway, Macao, Italy, Switzerland
Monensin is a laboratory product manufactured by the Merck Group. It is a polyether ionophore compound that functions as an antibiotic and coccidiostat. Monensin primarily acts by disrupting the electrochemical gradients across cell membranes.
3
Monensin by BD
Sourced in United States, China, Italy
Monensin is a laboratory product that functions as an ionophore, a compound that facilitates the transport of ions across cell membranes. It is commonly used in cell culture and biochemical applications.
4
Monensin by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, Germany
Monensin is a chemical compound used in laboratory research. It functions as an ionophore, facilitating the transport of monovalent cations such as sodium and potassium across cell membranes. Monensin is commonly used as a tool in cellular and molecular biology studies.
5
Golgistop by BD
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Macao, France, Cameroon, China, Belgium, Japan, Switzerland, Uruguay, Canada
GolgiStop is a cell culture reagent that inhibits protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus, thereby preventing the secretion of newly synthesized proteins. It is a useful tool for investigating protein trafficking and localization in cells.
6
Monensin by BioLegend
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany
Monensin is a polyether ionophore antibiotic compound. It functions as a sodium-potassium ionophore, enabling the exchange of these ions across cell membranes.
7
Phorbol myristate acetate (pma) by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, France, Italy, China, Canada, Switzerland, Sao Tome and Principe, Macao, Poland, Japan, Australia, Belgium, Hungary, Netherlands, India, Denmark, Chile
The PMA is a versatile laboratory equipment designed for precision measurement and analysis. It functions as a sensitive pressure transducer, accurately measuring and monitoring pressure levels in various applications. The PMA provides reliable and consistent data for research and testing purposes.
8
Golgiplug by BD
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Macao, Switzerland, Canada, Belgium, Australia, China, Denmark
GolgiPlug is a laboratory product designed to inhibit protein transport from the Golgi apparatus to the cell surface. It functions by blocking the secretory pathway, preventing the release of proteins from the Golgi complex. GolgiPlug is intended for use in cell biology research applications.
9
Brefeldin a by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Macao, Canada, Switzerland, France, Japan, Sao Tome and Principe, Israel, Italy, Chile
Brefeldin A is a fungal metabolite that inhibits the function of Golgi apparatus in eukaryotic cells. It acts by blocking the exchange of materials between the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi compartments, leading to the collapse of the Golgi structure.
10
Brefeldin a by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Belgium, Canada, Austria, Denmark, Japan
Brefeldin A is a chemical compound commonly used in biological research. It functions as an inhibitor of protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus, thereby disrupting the secretory pathway. The core function of Brefeldin A is to facilitate the study of intracellular trafficking and the organization of the Golgi complex.

More about "Monensin"

Monensin, a versatile polyether ionophore antibiotic, has garnered significant attention in the scientific community for its diverse applications.
Produced by the bacterium Streptomyces cinnamonensis, Monensin is widely used as a feed additive in cattle and poultry to enhance feed efficiency and promote weight gain.
The mechanism of action behind Monensin's effectiveness lies in its ability to disrupt ion gradients within bacterial cell membranes, ultimately leading to cell death.
Beyond its use in animal husbandry, Monensin has also been extensively studied for its potential anti-tumor, anti-protozoal, and antiviral properties.
Researchers can leverage AI-powered tools, such as those offered by PubCompare.ai, to easily locate and compare Monensin-related protocols across published literature, preprints, and patents.
This enhances the reproducibility and accuracy of Monensin studies, allowing scientists to optimize their research and unlock new insights.
Interestingly, Monensin shares structural and functional similarities with other ionophores like Ionomycin, which is often used as a cell stimulant in combination with phorbol esters like PMA.
Additionally, Monensin's ability to disrupt cellular processes has led to its use in techniques such as GolgiStop and GolgiPlug, which leverage its effects on the Golgi apparatus and protein secretion.
Furthermore, Brefeldin A, another commonly used compound, shares Monensin's capacity to interfere with cellular trafficking and protein transport.
By exploring the multifaceted applications of Monensin and related compounds, researchers can accelerate their studies, enhance experimental design, and unlock new avenues for scientific discovery.
The integration of AI-powered tools, like those offered by PubCompare.ai, can be a game-changer in this endeavor, streamlining the research process and fostering greater reproducibility and accuracy.