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Galactosamine

Galactosamine is a naturally occurring amino sugar that plays a key role in the synthesis of glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans.
It is an important component of the extracellular matrix and is involved in various biological processes, including cell signaling, inflammation, and tissue remodeling.
Galactosamine research is crucial for understanding the underlying mechanisms of diseases related to glycosylation disorders, such as lysosomal storage diseases and connective tissue disorders.
With the help of PubCompare.ai's AI-powered platform, researchers can easily find the best protocols and products, enhace reproducibility, and optimize their galactosamine studies for maximum impact.
Discover the optimal approach for your galactosamine research today and advance the field with confidence.

Most cited protocols related to «Galactosamine»

1
Murine Model of Allergen-Induced Asthma
Homozygous CCR4−/− mice were backcrossed with C57BL/6 mice (Centre d'Elevage Janvier) for four generations. Age- and weight-matched CCR4−/− and CCR4+/+ littermates from heterozygote (CCR4+/−) matings from the fourth backcross were used in this study to control for strain background. Mice (20–25 g) of either sex were immunized intraperitoneally with 10 μg of OVA (A-5503; Sigma-Aldrich) in 0.2 ml of alum (Serva). Control mice received an injection of saline (0.9% wt/vol NaCl) alone. 14 d later, mice were anesthetized by inhaled 2% FORENE™ (Abbott) and 50 μg of OVA was administered to the lungs (in 50 μl of saline) intranasally as described previously 17. Control mice received 50 μl saline only. This procedure was repeated daily for 5 d. Animals were finally killed by lethal injection of 60 mg/kg pentobarbital. Student's t test was used for statistical analysis, except that for the analysis of the survival curves, we performed the log rank test (two-tailed).
Phenol-extracted bacterial LPS from Escherichia coli 055:B5 (List Biological Laboratories) was administered at 60, 90, and 120 mg/kg intraperitoneally for the high dose LPS shock model. For the low dose LPS shock model, mice received 1, 2, and 4 μg of LPS with 8 mg d-galactosamine (D-gal; Fluka) in 0.5 ml saline. Animals were killed by CO2 asphyxiation at the time points indicated in the figures.
Chvatchko Y., Hoogewerf A.J., Meyer A., Alouani S., Juillard P., Buser R., Conquet F., Proudfoot A.E., Wells T.N, & Power C.A. (2000). A Key Role for Cc Chemokine Receptor 4 in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Endotoxic Shock. The Journal of Experimental Medicine, 191(10), 1755-1764.
Publication 2000
alum, potassium Animals Asphyxia Biopharmaceuticals Escherichia Escherichia coli Galactosamine Heterozygote Homozygote Lung Mice, Inbred C57BL Mus Normal Saline Pentobarbital Phenol Saline Solution Shock Strains
2
Immunohistochemistry for Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans
Tissue blocks for histochemistry/immunocytochemistry were processed as previously described.21 (link),26 (link) All sections (40 μm) within a compartment per subject were selected for each marker (ie, PVB, GFAP, CSPG), thus respecting the equal opportunity rule.27 (link),28 (link) Histochemical labeling for CSPGs was obtained using biotinylated Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) as described previously.11 (link)Wisteria floribunda agglutinin selectively binds to N-acetyl-galactosamine,29 (link)–32 (link) a molecule specifically represented in the glycosaminoglycan chains characteristic of CSPGs.33 (link) Immunocytochemical detection of GFAP and PVB was performed as previously described 11 (link),21 (link) using a monoclonal primary antisera raised in mouse against GFAP (1:8000 μL, G 3893; Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, Missouri) and a monoclonal anti-PVB antibody (48 hours at 4°C, 1:10 000, P3088; Sigma-Aldrich), respectively. All sections were coverslipped and coded for quantitative analysis blinded to diagnosis. Sections from all brains included in the study were processed simultaneously to avoid procedural differences. Omission of streptavidin or bio-tinylated WFA, or replacement of biotinylated WFA with an unconjugated form (Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, California), or omission of the primary (GFAP or PVB) or secondary antibodies did not result in detectable signal.
Pantazopoulos H., Woo T.U., Lim M.P., Lange N, & Berretta S. (2010). Extracellular Matrix-Glial Abnormalities in the Amygdala and Entorhinal Cortex of Subjects Diagnosed With Schizophrenia. Archives of general psychiatry, 67(2), 155-166.
Publication 2010
Antibodies Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic Brain Cloning Vectors Diagnosis Galactosamine Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Glycosaminoglycans Histocytochemistry Immune Sera Immunocytochemistry Mice, House Monoclonal Antibodies Streptavidin Tissues Wisteria floribunda lectin
3
Genetically Modified Mouse Models for Hepatitis

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Publication 2009
Alleles Animals Animals, Laboratory Bone Marrow Cells Concanavalin A Deletion Mutation Escherichia coli Galactosamine Genome Hepatitis A Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees Mice, House Mice, Inbred C57BL Mice, Knockout Mus Poly I-C Radiation, Ionizing Radiation Chimera Strains Tail Tissue Donors Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Veins
4
Quantification of Fungal Polysaccharides and Glycans
For both polysaccharide production assays, 50 mL of Brian medium was inoculated with 5×107 conidia, and incubated for 24 h at 37°C. Culture supernatant aliquots were harvested by filtration of the culture on nylon membrane. Extracellular GAG was precipitated by 2.5 volume of ethanol overnight night at 4°C, washed with 60% ethanol, lyophilized and weighed as described previously [16] (link). The precipitate was homogenized in 40 mM HCl and sonicated. Next, the galactosamine content was analyzed by total acid hydrolysis (HCl 6.6 N, 100°C, 4 h) and quantified with HPAEC on a CarboPAC-PA1 column (4.6×250 mm, Dionex) using NaOH (18.8 mM) and sodium acetate (0.3 M) in 0.1 M NaOH as eluent A and B, respectively, as described [43] (link). In addition, absence of protein in GAG fractions was verified by Bradford assay. Extracellular GM culture supernatant content was assayed by EIA using the Platelia® Aspergillus kit (Bio-Rad), following the manufacturer instructions. Both assays were performed on 3 independent occasions.
Gravelat F.N., Beauvais A., Liu H., Lee M.J., Snarr B.D., Chen D., Xu W., Kravtsov I., Hoareau C.M., Vanier G., Urb M., Campoli P., Al Abdallah Q., Lehoux M., Chabot J.C., Ouimet M.C., Baptista S.D., Fritz J.H., Nierman W.C., Latgé J.P., Mitchell A.P., Filler S.G., Fontaine T, & Sheppard D.C. (2013). Aspergillus Galactosaminogalactan Mediates Adherence to Host Constituents and Conceals Hyphal β-Glucan from the Immune System. PLoS Pathogens, 9(8), e1003575.
Publication 2013
Acids Aspergillus Biological Assay Conidia Ethanol Filtration Galactosamine Hydrolysis Nylons Polysaccharides Proteins Sodium Acetate Tissue, Membrane
5
Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury Model
All experimental procedures followed the NIH of Korea Guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, and all the experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Pusan National University (protocol number: PNU-2010-00028). Since sepsis is the major cause of ALI [2 (link), 3 (link)], mice received an intraperitoneal (i.p.) LPS for the induction of septic lung inflammation. Mice were anesthetized by Zoletil (Virbac, Carros cedex, France), and received a single dose of 10 mg LPS (Escherichia coli O55:B5 from Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA)/kg body weight or sterile saline via an i.p. route. At 2 h after i.p. LPS administration, either PBS or EEAO (3, 30, and 300 mg/kg body weight) in 25 μL of PBS was loaded in a microsprayer (Model IA-1C, Penn-Century Inc., PA, USA) and delivered in aerosol to the lung via trachea under visual guidance. At 24 h after LPS treatment, mice were euthanized by CO2 gas. The trachea was exposed through midline incision and cannulated with a sterile 24-gauge intravascular catheter. Bilateral bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed by two consecutive instillations of 1.0 mL of PBS. Total cell numbers in BAL fluid were counted with hemocytometer, and the cells in BAL fluid were prepared by a cytospin and stained for the differentiation of macrophages, lymphocytes, or neutrophils by Hemacolor (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany). Three hundred cells in total were counted, and one hundred of the cells in each microscopic field were scored. The mean number of cells per field was reported. For collecting lung tissue, mice were perfused with saline and the whole lung was inflated with fixatives. After paraffin embedding, 5 μm sections were cut and placed on charged slides and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining method. Three separate H&E-stained sections were evaluated in 100x microscopic magnifications per mouse.
For survival study, mice received a lethal dose of LPS: i.p. injection of a mixture of LPS (30 mg/kg body weight) and D-(+)-galactosamine hydrochloride (500 mg/kg body weight; Sigma). At 2 h after i.p. injection of the mixture of LPS and D-(+)-galactosamine hydrochloride, mice received i.t. spraying of 30 mg/kg of EEAO. Viability of variously treated mice was monitored for up to 5 days.
Kim K.H., Kwun M.J., Choi J.Y., Ahn K.S., Oh S.R., Lee Y.G., Christman J.W., Sadikot R.T., Han C.W, & Joo M. (2013). Therapeutic Effect of the Tuber of Alisma orientale on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM, 2013, 863892.
Publication 2013
Animals, Laboratory Body Weight Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Catheters Cedax Cells Dimercaprol Eosin Escherichia coli Fixatives Galactosamine Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees Lung Lymphocyte Macrophage Microscopy Mus Neutrophil Pneumonia Saline Solution Septicemia Staining Sterility, Reproductive Tissues Trachea Zoletil

Most recents protocols related to «Galactosamine»

1
Molecular Weight Distribution and Monosaccharide Composition of Crude EPS
Molecular weight distributions of lyophilized crude EPS were determined by size exclusion chromatography. In brief, crude EPS powder was suspended in 0.1 M NaNO3 (0.5 mg/mL) and then filtered through a 0.45 μm pore diameter polyvinylidene fluoride membrane (Millipore Corporation, USA). The average molecular weight (MW) was determined by high-performance molecular exclusion chromatography (HPLC-SEC, Agilent 1,100 Series System, Hewlett-Packard, Germany) associated with a refractive index (IR) detector (Ibarburu et al., 2015 (link)). 50 μL of the samples were injected and eluted at a flow rate of 0.95 mL/min (pressure: 120:130 psi) at room temperature using 0.1 M NaNO3 as mobile phase. Dextrans (0.5 mg/mL) with a molecular weight between 103 and 2.106 Da (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) were used as standards.
Once the molecular weight distributions were determined, low and high molecular weight fractions that composed the crude EPS obtained at 20°C were separated. For this purpose, EPS solutions (0.2% w/v) were centrifuged through a Vivaspin™ ultrafiltration spin column 100 KDa MWCO, (Sartorious, Goettingen, Germany) for 20 min at 6000 g, eluting only the low MW fraction. Subsequently, high MW fraction retained in the column was eluted using hot distilled water. The eluted fractions were passed through a Vivaspin column (cut-off 30KDa) in order to separate the middle and low MW fraction of EPS.
Monosaccharide composition of crude EPS and their fractions were determined by gas chromatography as previously described (Notararigo et al., 2013 (link)). Briefly, 1–2 mg of EPS were hydrolyzed in 1 mL of 3 M trifluoroacetic acid (1 h at 120°C). The monosaccharides obtained were converted into alditol acetates by reduction with NaBH4 and subsequent acetylation. The samples were analyzed by gas chromatography in an Agilent 7890A coupled to a 5975C mass detector, using an HP5-MS column with helium as carrier gas at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. For each run, 1 μL of sample was injected (with a Split 1:50) and the following temperature program was performed: the oven was heat to 175°C for 1 min; the temperature was increased to 215°C at a rate of 2.5°C/min and then increased to 225°C at 10°C/min, keeping it constant at this temperature for 1.5 min. Monosaccharides were identified by comparison of retention times with standards (arabinose, xylose, rhamnose, galactose, glucose, mannose, glucosamine and galactosamine) analyzed under the same conditions. Calibration curves were also processed for monosaccharide quantification. Myo-inositol was added to each sample as internal standard.
Bengoa A.A., Dueñas M.T., Prieto A., Garrote G.L, & Abraham A.G. (2023). Exopolysaccharide-producing Lacticaseibacillus paracasei strains isolated from kefir as starter for functional dairy products. Frontiers in Microbiology, 14, 1110177.
Publication 2023
Acetates Acetylation Arabinose Dextrans Division Phase, Cell Galactosamine Galactose Gas Chromatography Gel Chromatography Glucosamine Glucose Helium High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies Inositol Mannose Monosaccharides polyvinylidene fluoride Powder Pressure Retention (Psychology) Rhamnose Sugar Alcohols Tissue, Membrane Trifluoroacetic Acid Ultrafiltration Xylose
2
Acute Liver Injury in BALB/c Mice
Six to eight-week-old male BALB/c mice (20.0 g ± 1.0 g) with SPF grade were from SPF (Beijing) Biotechnology Co., Ltd. All mice were housed under pathogen-free conditions with a standard 12h- light/dark cycle and fed sterile chow and fluid ad libitum. All animal procedures were performed strictly following the national laboratory animal feeding management standards and approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (SYXK (Jing)2017-0023).
The mice were randomly divided into 6 groups with 6 mice in each group according to body weight: normal control group, poly (I:C)/D-GalN model group, lifitegrast high-dose group (lifitegrast, 0.5 mg/kg), medium-dose group (lifitegrast, 0.25 mg/kg) and low-dose group (lifitegrast, 0.125 mg/kg), and dexamethasone group (dexamethasone, 1.0 mg/kg). Poly (I:C) (InvivoGen, thrl-picw-250, California) or D-(+)-galactosamine (D-GalN, Sigma-Aldrich, G1639-1G, United States) was diluted in 0.9% sterile saline. Dexamethasone (Dex, Innochem, Beijing, China) or lifitegrast (Aladdin, L171714, Shanghai, China) was diluted in 0.9% sterile saline containing 1% DMSO and 5% tween-80 (vehicle) prior to use.
The mice were administered intraperitoneally 500 mg/kg D-GalN in combination with 5 mg/kg poly (I:C) via the tail vein to induce acute liver injury, and the normal control group were treated with the equivalent volume of 0.9% sterile saline. The mice were treated intraperitoneally with the drugs at 2 and 10 h after the poly (I:C)/D-GalN injection, and the normal control group and poly (I:C)/D-GalN model group received the equivalent volume of vehicle. The blood samples were collected for biochemical assays, then the mice were sacrificed, and the liver tissues were collected for the following experiments after 18 h of the poly (I:C)/D-GalN injection.
Sun H., Wang X.K., Li J.R., Tang M., Li H., Lei L., Li H.Y., Jiang J., Li J.Y., Dong B., Jiang J.D, & Peng Z.G. (2023). Establishment and application of a high-throughput screening model for cell adhesion inhibitors. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 14, 1140163.
Publication 2023
Animals Biological Assay BLOOD Body Weight Chinese Dexamethasone Galactosamine Injuries Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees lifitegrast Liver Males Mice, House Mice, Inbred BALB C Normal Saline pathogenesis Pharmaceutical Preparations Poly I-C Sterility, Reproductive Sulfoxide, Dimethyl Tail Tissues Tween 80 Veins
3
Monosaccharide Quantification in EPS via LC-UV
The LC-UV analyses were performed slightly modifying the method proposed by Wang et al. [51 ] on a Jasco HPLC system (Jasco PU-2080 Plus equipped with detector UV-2070 Plus, Pfungstadt, Germany) equipped with an autosampler (Jasco AS-2055 Plus) and a column oven (Jasco CO-2067 Plus) and using a C18 column (Kromasil; 4,6 × 150 mm; 5 µm; 100°A; Phenomenex, Torrance, CA, USA) termostated at 20 °C. A gradient elution was developed with the mobile phase A (sodium acetate buffer, 100 mM, pH 4.00) and B (acetonitrile). Mobile phase B was increased from 17.0% to 18.5% in 10 min and from 18.5% to 25.0% in following 20 min. The column was equilibrated with the starting condition for 6 min before the next injection. Flow rate was set at 1.2 mL/min and the injection volume was 20 μL. UV detection was performed at 254 nm.
To build calibration curves, the 1.1 mM solution of each derivatized monosaccharides was diluted with sodium acetate buffer 100 mM pH 4.00 to get working solutions ranging from 0.098 to 25 μM for d-Mannose, from 0.098 to 50 μM for d-Glucosamine, from 0.39 to 25 μM for d-Galactosamine and d-Fucose, from 0.20 to 25 μM for d-Rhamnose and d-Galactose, from 0.20 to 50 μM for d-Glucose and 0.098 to 50 μM for -Xylose. Standard solutions were analysed by liquid chromatography-UV (LC–UV) method reported below. Limit of quantitation (LOQ) values were determined by performing LC-UV analysis on incremental dilutions of standard solutions and applying the formula (Eq. 1): LOQ=10σb/a where “a” is the slope and “σb” is the standard deviation of the y-intercept of the regression curves [52 ].
For the quantitation of all monosaccharides except d-Xylose, derivatized EPS were diluted 1:27 with sodium acetate buffer 100 mM, pH 4.00; for quantifying d-Xylose samples were diluted 1:10.
Giordani B., Naldi M., Croatti V., Parolin C., Erdoğan Ü., Bartolini M, & Vitali B. (2023). Exopolysaccharides from vaginal lactobacilli modulate microbial biofilms. Microbial Cell Factories, 22, 45.
Publication 2023
acetonitrile Buffers Fucose Galactosamine Galactose Glucosamine Glucose High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies Liquid Chromatography Mannose Monosaccharides Rhamnose Sodium Acetate Technique, Dilution Xylose
4
Monosaccharide Profiling of Extracellular Polysaccharides
For the analyses, EPS underwent acid hydrolysis followed by derivatization. Lyophilized EPS (1 mg) were solubilized in 250 μL of HCl 4 M and incubated at 99 °C for 2 h under gentle shaking (300 rpm, Thermomixer Comfort; Eppendorf, Milan, Italy) for hydrolysis. 250 μL of NaOH 4 M were then added to the samples for neutralization.
Derivatization of monosaccharides was carried out slightly modifying a previously reported procedure [25 ]. In details, 120 μL of the hydrolysed solutions were mixed with 180 μL of NaOH 0.5 M. 200 μL of the resulting samples were mixed with 200 μL of PMP (0.5 M in methanol) and incubated at 70 °C for 1 h under gentle shaking (300 rpm). After cooling at room temperature, 200 μL of HCl 0.3 M and 300 μL of Tris buffer (1.5 M, pH 7.00) were subsequentially added for neutralization. The resulting mixtures were extracted 3 times with 500 μL of dichloromethane to remove the excess of PMP. Samples were aliquoted and stored at − 20 °C until analysis. Standard solutions (6.25 mM) of d-mannose, d-glucosamine, d-galactosamine, d-rhamnose, d-glucose, d-galactose,d-xylose, and d-fucose were derivatized following the same procedure.
The whole procedure was performed in triplicate for each sample.
Giordani B., Naldi M., Croatti V., Parolin C., Erdoğan Ü., Bartolini M, & Vitali B. (2023). Exopolysaccharides from vaginal lactobacilli modulate microbial biofilms. Microbial Cell Factories, 22, 45.
Publication 2023
Acids Fucose Galactosamine Galactose Glucosamine Glucose Hydrolysis M-200 Mannose Methanol Methylene Chloride Monosaccharides Rhamnose Tromethamine Xylose
5
Modeling Acute Liver Failure in Mice
Adult male C57BL/6J mice (aged 8 w) were provided by the animal center of Wuhan University (Wuhan, China). Mice were fed in a specific pathogen‐free laboratory with 60%–65% humidity at 22–25°C for 7 d.
All mice were fasted for 12 h before modeling yet with water supply. Next, the ALF mice were intraperitoneally injected with 800 mg kg−1d‐galactosamine (d‐GalN; Sigma Aldrich) and 10 µg kg−1 lipopolysaccharide (LPS; Sigma Aldrich) to establish the ALF mouse model.17 An equal volume of normal saline was injected into the normal control mice.
Eighty‐four mice were randomly classified into eight groups (n = 12): control group, ALF group, ALF + (Ad‐miR‐negative control [NC]) group, ALF + (Ad‐miR‐450b‐5p) group, ALF + (Ad‐short hairpin RNA [sh]‐NC) group, ALF + (Ad‐shMDM2) group, ALF + (Ad‐miR‐450b‐5p + overexpression [oe]‐NC) group, and ALF + (Ad‐miR‐450b‐5p + oe‐MDM2) group.
Except for the control group and ALF group, mice in other groups were injected with corresponding recombine adenovirus vectors with a volume of 200 μl containing 2 × 109 infective units of viruses through the tail vein at 10 days before d‐GalN/LPS treatment. The adenoviruses used in the experiment were synthesized by Shanghai GenePharma Co., Ltd. After 8 h of d‐GalN/LPS treatment, mice were euthanized by anesthesia overdose. Blood collection from the abdominal aorta was used for detecting liver function indicators and inflammatory factors. The mice's livers were removed for histological examination, western blot, and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction analysis (RT‐qPCR) analysis.18 The schematic illustration of the experimental design is shown in Figure 1A.
Fang J., Kuang J., Hu S., Yang X., Wan W., Li J, & Fan X. (2023). Upregulated microRNA‐450b‐5p represses the development of acute liver failure via modulation of liver function, inflammatory response, and hepatocyte apoptosis. Immunity, Inflammation and Disease, 11(2), e767.
Publication 2023
Adenoviruses Adenovirus Vaccine Adult Aftercare Anesthesia Animals Aortas, Abdominal BLOOD Cloning Vectors Drug Overdose Galactosamine Humidity Inflammation Liver Males MDM2 protein, human Mice, Inbred C57BL Mus Normal Saline Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Short Hairpin RNA Specific Pathogen Free Tail Veins Virus Western Blot

Top products related to «Galactosamine»

1
D galactosamine by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Sao Tome and Principe
D-galactosamine is a biochemical reagent used in research and laboratory settings. It is a monosaccharide that can be utilized as a substrate or precursor in various experimental procedures. The core function of D-galactosamine is to serve as a building block for further research and analysis, without any specific interpretation or extrapolation on its intended use.
2
N acetyl d galactosamine by Merck Group
Sourced in United States
N-acetyl-D-galactosamine is a chemical compound used in laboratory settings. It is a sugar molecule that is commonly used as a building block in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates and glycoconjugates. The core function of N-acetyl-D-galactosamine is to serve as a structural component in various biochemical and analytical applications.
3
Lipopolysaccharides (lps) by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, China, United Kingdom, Sao Tome and Principe, Macao, Italy, Japan, Canada, France, Switzerland, Israel, Australia, Spain, India, Ireland, Brazil, Poland, Netherlands, Sweden, Denmark, Hungary, Austria, Mongolia
The LPS laboratory equipment is a high-precision device used for various applications in scientific research and laboratory settings. It is designed to accurately measure and monitor specific parameters essential for various experimental procedures. The core function of the LPS is to provide reliable and consistent data collection, ensuring the integrity of research results. No further details or interpretations can be provided while maintaining an unbiased and factual approach.
4
D galactosamine d galn by Merck Group
Sourced in United States
D-galactosamine (D-GalN) is a chemical compound commonly used as a laboratory reagent. It is a monosaccharide, a type of simple sugar, derived from the sugar galactose. D-GalN is primarily used in research applications, particularly in the study of liver function and damage.
5
D glucose by Merck Group
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D-glucose is a type of monosaccharide, a simple sugar that serves as the primary source of energy for many organisms. It is a colorless, crystalline solid that is soluble in water and other polar solvents. D-glucose is a naturally occurring compound and is a key component of various biological processes.
6
D mannose by Merck Group
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D-mannose is a type of sugar that can be used as a component in laboratory equipment and processes. It serves as a basic chemical substance for various applications in research and development.
7
D galactose by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Sao Tome and Principe, China, Poland, Belgium, Japan
D-galactose is a monosaccharide carbohydrate. It is a constituent of many natural polysaccharides, including lactose, cerebrosides, and gangliosides. D-galactose can be used as a laboratory reagent.
8
Galactose by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, China, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Sao Tome and Principe, Italy, France, Canada, Singapore, Japan, Spain, Sweden
Galactose is a monosaccharide that serves as a core component in various laboratory analyses and experiments. It functions as a fundamental building block for complex carbohydrates and is utilized in the study of metabolic processes and cellular structures.
9
Fetal bovine serum (fbs) by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, China, United Kingdom, Germany, Australia, Japan, Canada, Italy, France, Switzerland, New Zealand, Brazil, Belgium, India, Spain, Israel, Austria, Poland, Ireland, Sweden, Macao, Netherlands, Denmark, Cameroon, Singapore, Portugal, Argentina, Holy See (Vatican City State), Morocco, Uruguay, Mexico, Thailand, Sao Tome and Principe, Hungary, Panama, Hong Kong, Norway, United Arab Emirates, Czechia, Russian Federation, Chile, Moldova, Republic of, Gabon, Palestine, State of, Saudi Arabia, Senegal
Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is a cell culture supplement derived from the blood of bovine fetuses. FBS provides a source of proteins, growth factors, and other components that support the growth and maintenance of various cell types in in vitro cell culture applications.
10
Lipopolysaccharide lps by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, China, Macao, United Kingdom, Sao Tome and Principe, Japan, France, Spain, Italy, Belgium, India, Canada, Australia, Israel
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a complex molecule that is a major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. LPS plays a key role in the structure and function of these bacterial cells. It serves as an endotoxin and can elicit strong immune responses in animal cells.

More about "Galactosamine"

Galactosamine, also known as D-galactosamine or N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, is a naturally occurring amino sugar that plays a crucial role in the synthesis of glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans.
It is an essential component of the extracellular matrix and is involved in various biological processes, including cell signaling, inflammation, and tissue remodeling.
Galactosamine research is vital for understanding the underlying mechanisms of diseases related to glycosylation disorders, such as lysosomal storage diseases and connective tissue disorders.
Galactosamine is closely related to other monosaccharides like D-glucose, D-mannose, and D-galactose, all of which are important for cellular function and metabolism.
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, can also interact with galactosamine and trigger an immune response.
Researchers studying galactosamine can utilize the AI-powered platform of PubCompare.ai to streamline their research process.
The platform helps users find the best protocols and products by comparing literature, pre-prints, and patents, enhancing reproducibility and accuracy in galactosamine studies.
With the help of PubCompare.ai's intelligent protocol optimization tools, researchers can discover the optimal approach for their galactosamine research and advance the field with confidence.
Whether you're investigating the role of galactosamine in glycosylation disorders, exploring its involvement in cell signaling pathways, or studying the effects of LPS on galactosamine-mediated processes, PubCompare.ai can be a valuable resource to support your research endeavors.
Unlock the full potential of your galactosamine studies and make a meaningful impact in the field.