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> Chemicals & Drugs > Biologically Active Substance > Pyruvate

Pyruvate

Pyruvate is a key metabolite in cellular energy production, serving as a crucial intermediate in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.
It can be further metabolized to acetyl-CoA, lactate, or alanine, and plays a central role in various physiological processes, including glucose homeostasis, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress response.
Pyruvate research is crucial for understanding metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer, as well as developing therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways.
PubCompare.ai can help researchers optimize their pyruvate studies by locating the best protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, enhancing reproducibility and acuracy to advance this important area of biomedical research.

Most cited protocols related to «Pyruvate»

1
Differentiation of Murine Bone Marrow Cells
Bone marrow cells were collected from the femurs and tibiae of wild-type BALB/c mice (Taconic) by flushing the opened bones with Iscove's Modified Dulbecco's Medium (IMDM; Invitrogen). Red blood cells were lysed in dH2O followed by the addition of 10X PBS. After centrifugation, the cells were washed once in PBS containing 0.1% BSA. The bone marrow cells were cultured at 106/mL in media containing RPMI 1640 (Invitrogen) with 20% FBS (Cambrex), 100 IU/mL penicillin and 10 μg/mL streptomycin (Cellgro), 2 mM glutamine (Invitrogen), 25 mM HEPES and 1x non-essential amino acids and 1 mM sodium pyruvate (Gibco) and 50 μM β-mercaptoethanol (Sigma) and supplemented with 100 ng/mL stem-cell factor (SCF; PeproTech) and 100 ng/mL FLT3-Ligand (FLT3-L; PeproTech) from day 0 to day 4. On day 4, the media containing SCF and FLT3-L was replaced with media containing 10 ng/mL recombinant mouse interleukin-5 (rmIL-5; R&D Systems) only. On day 8, the cells were moved to new flasks and maintained in fresh media supplemented with rmIL-5. Every other day, from this point forward, one-half of the media was replaced with fresh media containing rmIL-5, and the concentration of the cells was adjusted each time to106 /mL. Cells were enumerated at day 0 and on days indicated thereafter in a hemocytometer, and 50,000 cells were subjected to cytospin (Thermo Shandon, Pittsburgh, PA). The cytospin preparations were fixed and stained using a modified Giemsa preparation (Diff Quik, Dade Behring AG, Dudingen, Switzerland).
Dyer K.D., Moser J.M., Czapiga M., Siegel S.J., Percopo C.M, & Rosenberg H.F. (2008). Functionally competent eosinophils differentiated ex vivo in high purity from normal mouse bone marrow. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 181(6), 4004-4009.
Publication 2008
2-Mercaptoethanol 3,3'-diallyldiethylstilbestrol Amino Acids, Essential Bone Marrow Cells Bones Cells Centrifugation Diff Quik Erythrocytes Femur flt3 ligand FLT3 protein, human Glutamine HEPES Interleukin-5 Mice, Inbred BALB C Mus Penicillins Pyruvate Sodium Stain, Giemsa Stem Cell Factor Streptomycin Tibia
2
Fluorescent Labeling of Live Cells
HeLa cells (ATCC) and U2OS cells (ATCC) were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium (DMEM; Life Technologies) supplemented with 10% v/v fetal bovine serum (FBS; Life Technologies), 1 mM GlutaMax (Life Technologies), and 1 mM sodium pyruvate (Sigma) and maintained at 37 °C in a humidified 5% v/v CO2 environment. These cell lines undergo regular mycoplasma testing by the Janelia Cell Culture Facility. Cells were transfected with HaloTag–H2B, HaloTag–tubulin, SnapTag–TetR, or SnapTag–H2B using an Amaxa Nucleofector (Lonza). Before the imaging experiments, transfected cells were transferred onto a No.1 coverslip (Warner Instruments) that was cleaned by Piranha solution (3:1 v/v mixture of concentrated H2SO4 and 30% v/v hydrogen peroxide). To label live cells with the HaloTag or SnapTag ligands, compounds 9, 10, 27, 28, 29, 30, or 31 were added to the growth medium and the samples incubated for 15 min. Labeling concentrations were typically 100–500 nM for confocal, wide-field, and dSTORM experiments and 5–50 nM for single-molecule tracking experiments. Cells were then washed briefly with PBS (1×) and then incubated in DMEM–FBS for an additional 15 min. Before imaging, the cells were washed briefly with PBS (3×) and placed in fresh DMEM–FBS for imaging. All washes were omitted in the “no wash” experiments. For nuclear staining, cells were incubated in PBS for 5 min (2×), and then incubated in PBS containing 5 μM DRAQ5 (Cell Signaling) for 5 min, followed by brief wash with PBS (1×). During all imaging experiments, cells were maintained at 37 °C in a humidified 5% CO2 v/v environment supplied by a live-cell incubator (TOKAI HIT).
Grimm J.B., English B.P., Chen J., Slaughter J.P., Zhang Z., Revyakin A., Patel R., Macklin J.J., Normanno D., Singer R.H., Lionnet T, & Lavis L.D. (2015). A general method to improve fluorophores for live-cell and single-molecule microscopy. Nature methods, 12(3), 244-250.
Publication 2014
Cell Culture Techniques Cell Lines Cells Culture Media Eagle HaloTag HeLa Cells Ligands Mycoplasma Peroxide, Hydrogen Piranhas Pyruvate Sodium Tubulin
3
Fluorescent Labeling of Live Cells
HeLa cells (ATCC) and U2OS cells (ATCC) were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium (DMEM; Life Technologies) supplemented with 10% v/v fetal bovine serum (FBS; Life Technologies), 1 mM GlutaMax (Life Technologies), and 1 mM sodium pyruvate (Sigma) and maintained at 37 °C in a humidified 5% v/v CO2 environment. These cell lines undergo regular mycoplasma testing by the Janelia Cell Culture Facility. Cells were transfected with HaloTag–H2B, HaloTag–tubulin, SnapTag–TetR, or SnapTag–H2B using an Amaxa Nucleofector (Lonza). Before the imaging experiments, transfected cells were transferred onto a No.1 coverslip (Warner Instruments) that was cleaned by Piranha solution (3:1 v/v mixture of concentrated H2SO4 and 30% v/v hydrogen peroxide). To label live cells with the HaloTag or SnapTag ligands, compounds 9, 10, 27, 28, 29, 30, or 31 were added to the growth medium and the samples incubated for 15 min. Labeling concentrations were typically 100–500 nM for confocal, wide-field, and dSTORM experiments and 5–50 nM for single-molecule tracking experiments. Cells were then washed briefly with PBS (1×) and then incubated in DMEM–FBS for an additional 15 min. Before imaging, the cells were washed briefly with PBS (3×) and placed in fresh DMEM–FBS for imaging. All washes were omitted in the “no wash” experiments. For nuclear staining, cells were incubated in PBS for 5 min (2×), and then incubated in PBS containing 5 μM DRAQ5 (Cell Signaling) for 5 min, followed by brief wash with PBS (1×). During all imaging experiments, cells were maintained at 37 °C in a humidified 5% CO2 v/v environment supplied by a live-cell incubator (TOKAI HIT).
Grimm J.B., English B.P., Chen J., Slaughter J.P., Zhang Z., Revyakin A., Patel R., Macklin J.J., Normanno D., Singer R.H., Lionnet T, & Lavis L.D. (2015). A general method to improve fluorophores for live-cell and single-molecule microscopy. Nature methods, 12(3), 244-250.
Publication 2014
Cell Culture Techniques Cell Lines Cells Culture Media Eagle HaloTag HeLa Cells Ligands Mycoplasma Peroxide, Hydrogen Piranhas Pyruvate Sodium Tubulin
4
Quantitative Proteomics of Yeast Metabolism
We showcased our method using a TMT10-plex of yeast (S. cerevisiae wild-type strain BY4716) grown in synthetic complete media supplemented with 2% glucose (n=5) or 2% pyruvate (n=5) as the carbon source. We harvested the cells at OD600nm=0.8. Cells were lysed by bead-beating in 8 M urea 200mM EPPS (4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinepropanesulfonic acid), pH 8.5 and with protease and phosphatase inhibitors. Protein concentration was determined with the BCA assay. The BCA assay was performed according to manufacturer’s instructions with samples that were diluted at least 1:20, to ensure that the 8M urea has been diluted far below its compatibility limit. Samples were reduced with 5mM TCEP, alkylated with 10 mM iodoacetamide that was quenched with 10 mM DTT. A total of 100 μg of protein were chloroform-methanol precipitated. Protein was reconstituted in 200 mM EPPS pH 8.5 and digested by Lys-C overnight and trypsin for 6 h, both at a 1:100 protease-to-peptide ratio. Directly to the digest, we added a final volume of 30% acetonitrile and labelled 100 μg of peptide with 200 μg of TMT. To check mixing ratios, 2 μg of each sample were pooled, desalted, and analyzed by mass spectrometry. Using normalization factors calculated from this “label check,” samples were mixed 1:1 across all channels and desalted using a 100 mg Sep-Pak solid phase extraction column. The Pierce High-Select Fe-NTA Phosphopeptide Enrichment Kit was used to enrich phosphopeptides from the pooled TMT-labeled mixture. The unbound fraction and washes from this enrichment were combined and fractionated with basic pH reversed-phase (BPRP) HPLC, collected in a 96-well plate and combined down to 12 fractions prior to desalting and subsequent LC-MS/MS processing (14 (link), 15 ).
Navarrete-Perea J., Yu Q., Gygi S.P, & Paulo J.A. (2018). SL-TMT: A Streamlined Protocol for Quantitative (Phospho)proteome Profiling using TMT-SPS-MS3. Journal of proteome research, 17(6), 2226-2236.
Publication 2018
acetonitrile Acids Biological Assay Carbon Cells Chloroform ferric nitrilotriacetate Glucose High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies inhibitors Iodoacetamide Mass Spectrometry Methanol Peptide Hydrolases Peptides Phosphopeptides Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases Proteins Pyruvate Saccharomyces cerevisiae Solid Phase Extraction Staphylococcal Protein A Strains Tandem Mass Spectrometry tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine Trypsin Urea Yeast, Dried
5
Generation of Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages
Bone marrow derived macrophages were generated as described38 (link). Human PBMCs were isolated by from whole blood of healthy volunteers by density gradient centrifugation. Lysis of red blood cells was performed using red blood cell lysis buffer (Sigma). Experiments in PBMCs and macrophages were carried out at a cell density of 2×106 cells / ml. All primary cells and cell lines except THP-1 cells were cultured in DMEM supplemented with L-glutamine, ciprofloxacin (Cellgro, Manassas, VA) and 10% fetal calf serum (Hyclone, Logan, UT). THP-1 cells were cultured in RPMI supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (Hyclone), L-glutamine, sodium pyruvate (Cellgro), and ciprofloxacin. One day prior to stimulation, THP-1 cells were differentiated using 0.5 µM PMA for three hours, washed three times and plated for stimulation. All experiments that were performed for Western blot analysis were carried out in serum free DMEM medium. ATP stimulations were carried out at 5 mM one hour prior to harvesting supernatants.
Hornung V., Bauernfeind F., Halle A., Samstad E.O., Kono H., Rock K.L., Fitzgerald K.A, & Latz E. (2008). Silica crystals and aluminum salts mediate NALP-3 inflammasome activation via phagosomal destabilization. Nature immunology, 9(8), 847-856.
Publication 2008
BLOOD Buffers Cells Centrifugation, Density Gradient Ciprofloxacin Erythrocytes Fetal Bovine Serum Glutamine Healthy Volunteers Homo sapiens Macrophage Pyruvate Serum Sodium THP-1 Cells Western Blot

Most recents protocols related to «Pyruvate»

1
Cultivation of BWZ/hTREM-1 reporter cells
Not available on PMC !

Example 2

BWZ/hTREM-1 reporter cell were cultured in RPMI 1640 w/o phenol red (Cat #11835, Gibco, Carlsbad Calif., USA), supplemented with 10% FCS (Cat #16140-071, Gibco, New York, USA), 1% Pen/Strep (Cat #15070-06, Gibco), 1 mM Sodium Pyruvate (Cat #11360, Gibco), 5 μM-2ME (Cat #31350-010, Gibco) and 2 mM L-Glutamine (Cat #25030, Gibco). No special plates or coating was required. 10 ml Versene (Cat #15040, Gibco) was added to detach the cells which then were transferred to tubes, centrifuged 1200 rpm 5 min and washed in fresh RPMI 1640 w/o phenol red. These cell were then ready to use in an assay or re-culture for further propagation.

US11858992B2. Nucleic acids encoding antibodies that bind and block triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) (2024-01-02). Novo Nordisk [DK]. Inventors: Vibeke Westphal Stennicke [DK], Christine Brender Read [DK], Susanne Nedergaard Grell [DK], Charlotte Wiberg [SE], Rune Salbo [DK], Anette Henriksen [DK], Soeren Padkjaer [DK].
Full text: Click here
Patent 2024
Biological Assay Cell Lines Cells Glutamine Pyruvate Sodium Streptococcal Infections Versene
2
Water-Forming NADH Oxidases Restore Proliferation
Not available on PMC !

Example 8

GiNOX, a water-forming NADH oxidase derived from Giardia intestinalis, and mitoGiNOX are capable of restoring the proliferation of mammalian cells cultured in pyruvate-depleted media and in the presence of antimycin, a complex III inhibitor. HeLa Tet3G cells cultured in the presence of varying concentrations of pyruvate demonstrated a diminished pyruvate-dependency in the presence of antimycin when GiNOX and mitoGiNOX were expressed in these cells (FIG. 13). Notably, both GiNOX and mitoGiNOX were capable of alleviating the pyruvate auxotrophy, which further illustrates that cytosolic water-forming NADH oxidases can ameliorate the effects of a defective respiratory chain, as these enzymes need not be targeted to the mitochondria in order to restore redox balance.

US11866736B2. Protein prostheses for mitochondrial diseases or conditions (2024-01-09). The General Hospital Corporation [US]. Inventors: Vamsi Mootha [US], Denis Titov [US], Valentin Cracan [US], Zenon Grabarek [US].
Full text: Click here
Patent 2024
antimycin Antimycin A Cell Proliferation Cells Culture Media Cytosol Electron Transport Complex III Enzymes Eukaryotic Cells Giardia lamblia HeLa Cells Mammals Mitochondria NADH Oxidation-Reduction Pyruvate Respiratory Chain Water-Splitting Enzyme of Photosynthesis
3
Murine Cell Line Cultivation Protocol
Not available on PMC !

Example 1

C57BL/6 mice were purchased from the National Cancer Institute, and all animal work was conducted in accordance with standard guidelines.

Cell lines Bosc23, PT67, GP+E86, EG7 (H-2b), and YAC-1 were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Rockville, MD). RMA cells (H-2b) originated from a Rauscher virus-induced C57BL/6 T-cell lymphoma (Ljunggren and Karre (1985) J. Exp. Med. 162:1745-1759). RMAS-S is a sub-line of RMA which lacks MHC class-I surface expression (Karre, et al. (1986) Nature 319:675-678). All packaging cells were grown in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM) with a high glucose concentration (4.5 gram/liter) supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS; Hyclone, Logan, UT), 20 U/mL penicillin, 20 μg/mL streptomycin, 1 mM pyruvate, 10 mM HEPES, 0.1 mM non-essential amino acids, 50 μM 2-mercaptoethanol. RMA, EG7, RMA-S and YAC-1 cells were cultured in RPMI plus the same supplements described above.

US11858976B2. Nucleic acid constructs encoding chimeric NK receptor, cells containing, and therapeutic use thereof (2024-01-02). THE TRUSTEES OF DARTMOUTH COLLEGE [US]. Inventors: Tong Zhang [CN], Charles L Sentman [US].
Full text: Click here
Patent 2024
2-Mercaptoethanol Amino Acids, Essential Animals Cell Lines Cells Dietary Supplements Eagle Genes, MHC Class I Glucose HEPES Mus Penicillins Pyruvate Streptomycin T-Cell Lymphoma Virus
4
Cultivation of Cancer Cell Lines
Ovarian cancer cell lines A2780 and SKOV-3 were obtained from the institutional Cell Line Core Laboratory of the MD Anderson Cancer Center. Prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP and PC-3 were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA), as well as the NIH3T3 normal cell line. Ovarian cell lines were grown in RPMI-1640 (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum (FBS; Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA), 2.0 g sodium bicarbonate, 0.1% gentamicin solution. LNCaP cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 supplemented with 10% FBS, 1.5 g sodium bicarbonate, 2.5 g glucose, 2.383 g HEPES, 0.11 g sodium pyruvate and 1% penicillin/streptomycin. The PC-3 cell line was grown in DMEM (high glucose) complemented with 10% FBS, 1.5 g sodium bicarbonate, 0.22 g sodium pyruvate and 1% penicillin/streptomycin. NIH3T3 cell line was cultured in DMEM (high glucose) supplemented with 10% FBS, 2.7 g sodium bicarbonate and 1% penicillin/streptomycin. All cell lines were incubated at 37 °C in 5% CO2. All the other reagents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. The cell lines were certified free of mycoplasma (read B/read A ratio below 0.9; see figure S7 in Supplementary Information) using the MycoAlert® mycoplasma detection kit and MycoAlert® assay control set (Lonza, Morristown, NJ, USA). Subsection C in Supplementary Information provides details regarding the management and cell counting of these cell lines.
Castro-Torres J.L., Méndez J., Torres-Lugo M, & Juan E. (2023). Development of handheld induction heaters for magnetic fluid hyperthermia applications and in-vitro evaluation on ovarian and prostate cancer cell lines. Biomedical Physics & Engineering Express, 9(3), 035010.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2023
Bicarbonate, Sodium Biological Assay Cell Lines Cells Gentamicin Glucose HEPES Malignant Neoplasms Mycoplasma NIH 3T3 Cells Ovarian Cancer Ovary PC 3 Cell Line Penicillins Prostate Cancer Pyruvate Sodium Streptomycin
5
Quantitative ER-Mitochondria Interaction Assay
Mouse monoclonal anti ACTIN, Sigma-Aldrich, A5441; Mouse monoclonal anti c-myc, Sigma-Aldrich, M4439; Rabbit polyclonal anti Calnexin, Enzo, ADI-SPA-865-F; Mouse monoclonal anti CYTC, BD Bioscience, 556433; Rabbit DyLight 680, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 35569; Mouse DyLight 680 Thermo Fisher Scientific, 35519; Mouse DyLight 800 Thermo Fisher Scientific, 35521; Rabbit DyLight 800 Thermo Fisher Scientific, 35571; Mouse monoclonal anti eIF2α, Cell Signaling, 2103S; Rabbit polyclonal anti-E-Syt1, Sigma-Aldrich, HPA016858; Rabbit polyclonal anti-GFP, Cell Signaling, 2555S; Mouse monoclonal anti-GFP,Life technologies, A11122; HRP Mouse Bioké, Cell Signaling, 7076; HRP Rabbit Bioké, Cell Signaling, 7074; Mouse monoclonal anti IP3R3, BD Bioscience, 610312; Rabbit polyclonal anti-PERK, Cell signaling, 3192S; Rabbit polyclonal anti PERK, Cell signaling, 5683S; Rabbit monoclonal anti Phospho-eIF2α (Ser51), Cell signaling, 3597S; Rabbit polyclonal anti PDI Genetex, GTX30716; Mouse monoclonal anti PSD, Santa Cruz, sc-390070; Rabbit polyclonal anti, PSS1 (B-5), Santa Cruz, sc-515376; Rabbit polyclonal anti PSS2, Sigma-Aldrich, SAB1303408; Rabbit polyclonal VDAC1, Cell Signaling, 4866S; Rabbit polyclonal VDAC1, Abcam, ab15895; Veriblot antibody Abcam, ab131366.
The reagents used were: Antimycin A, Sigma-Aldrich, A8674; Calcium Chloride dihydrate, Sigma-Aldrich, C3881; CHAPS hydrate, Sigma-Aldrich, C3023; Conjugated GFP antibody beads, Laboratory of Chris Ulens; D-Galactose, Sigma-Aldrich, G0750; D-glucose, Sigma-Aldrich, G7021-1KG; DAPI, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 62248; Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium - high glucose, Sigma-Aldrich, D0422; EGTA, AppliChem, A0878; FCCP, Sigma-Aldrich, C2920; Gibco DMEM/F-12, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 11320074; Glucose, Agilent Seahorse, 103577; Glutamine, Sigma-Aldrich, G7513; Glutamine, Agilent Seahorse, 103579; GSK PERK Inhibitor, Toronto Research Company, G797800; Hygromycin B, Invivogen, ant-hg-1; Lipofectamine 2000 Transfection Reagent, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 11668019; MitoTracker FarRed, Thermo Fisher Scientific, M22426; NBD-PS, Avanti Polar Lipids, 810194C; SE Cell Line 4D-Nucleofector X Kit L, V4XC-1024; Oligomycin, Sigma-Aldrich, 75351; Penicillin and streptomycin, Sigma-Aldrich, P0781; Percoll, Sigma-Aldrich, P1644; Pierce ECL Western Blotting Substrate, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 32106X4; Pierce Protein A/G Magnetic Beads, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 88802; Pierce Protease Inhibitor Tablets, EDTA-free, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 88266; Potassium Chloride, Janssen Chimica, 7447407; Protease inhibitor, Thermo Fisher Scientific, A32953; Puromycin, Thermo Fisher Scientific, A11138-03; Protein A/G PLUS-Agarose, Santa Cruz, sc-2003; XF DMEM pH7 7.4, Agilent Seahorse, 103575; Sodium Chloride, Sigma-Aldrich, A0431796; Sodium Pyruvate Solution, Agilent Seahorse, 103578; Sucrose, Acros, A0333146; Thapsigargin, Enzo Life Sciences, BML-PE180; TransIT-X2 Dynamic Delivery System, Mirus Bio, MIR 6000; Tris base, Sigma-Aldrich, 77861; Triton, Sigma-Aldrich, T9234; Tween, Sigma Aldrich, P4780.
Sassano M.L., van Vliet A.R., Vervoort E., Van Eygen S., Van den Haute C., Pavie B., Roels J., Swinnen J.V., Spinazzi M., Moens L., Casteels K., Meyts I., Pinton P., Marchi S., Rochin L., Giordano F., Felipe-Abrio B, & Agostinis P. (2023). PERK recruits E-Syt1 at ER–mitochondria contacts for mitochondrial lipid transport and respiration. The Journal of Cell Biology, 222(3), e202206008.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2023
3-((3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonium)-1-propanesulfonate Actins Antimycin A Calcium Chloride Dihydrate Calnexin Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone DAPI Eagle Edetic Acid Egtazic Acid G-substrate Galactose Glucose Glutamine Hygromycin B Immunoglobulins L Cells Lipids lipofectamine 2000 Mus N-(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)phosphatidylserine Obstetric Delivery Oligomycins Peeling Skin Syndrome Peeling skin syndrome, acral type Penicillins Percoll Potassium Chloride Protease Inhibitors Puromycin Pyruvate Rabbits Seahorses Sepharose Sodium Sodium Chloride Staphylococcal Protein A Streptomycin Sucrose SYT1 protein, human Thapsigargin Transfection Tromethamine Tweens VDAC1 protein, human

Top products related to «Pyruvate»

1
Sodium pyruvate by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Canada, France, Japan, China, Australia, Italy, Switzerland, Belgium, Spain, Sweden, Portugal, Israel, Netherlands, Denmark, Macao, Norway, Brazil, Ireland, Gabon, New Zealand, Austria
Sodium pyruvate is a chemical compound commonly used in cell culture media. It serves as an energy source for cells and is involved in various metabolic processes. Sodium pyruvate is a key intermediate in the citric acid cycle, which is the central pathway for cellular respiration and energy production.
2
Fetal bovine serum (fbs) by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is a cell culture supplement derived from the blood of bovine fetuses. FBS provides a source of proteins, growth factors, and other components that support the growth and maintenance of various cell types in in vitro cell culture applications.
3
Penicillin streptomycin by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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Penicillin/streptomycin is a commonly used antibiotic solution for cell culture applications. It contains a combination of penicillin and streptomycin, which are broad-spectrum antibiotics that inhibit the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
4
L glutamine by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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L-glutamine is an amino acid that is commonly used as a dietary supplement and in cell culture media. It serves as a source of nitrogen and supports cellular growth and metabolism.
5
Dulbecco modified eagle medium (dmem) by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium) is a cell culture medium formulated to support the growth and maintenance of a variety of cell types, including mammalian cells. It provides essential nutrients, amino acids, vitamins, and other components necessary for cell proliferation and survival in an in vitro environment.
6
Streptomycin by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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Streptomycin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used in laboratory settings. It functions as a protein synthesis inhibitor, targeting the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes, which plays a crucial role in the translation of genetic information into proteins. Streptomycin is commonly used in microbiological research and applications that require selective inhibition of bacterial growth.
7
Penicillin by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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Penicillin is a type of antibiotic used in laboratory settings. It is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent effective against a variety of bacteria. Penicillin functions by disrupting the bacterial cell wall, leading to cell death.
8
Sodium pyruvate by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Italy, Switzerland, France, Japan, Macao, Canada, Sao Tome and Principe, China, Belgium, Australia, Austria, Israel, Poland, Spain, Denmark, Sweden, Ireland, India, Portugal
Sodium pyruvate is a chemical compound that functions as an energy source and metabolic intermediate in cell culture media. It is commonly used as a supplement in cell culture applications to support cell growth and metabolism.
9
Non essential amino acids (neaa) by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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Non-essential amino acids are a group of amino acids that can be synthesized by the human body and are not required to be obtained through diet. These amino acids play a fundamental role in various biological processes, including protein synthesis and cellular function.
10
Glutamax by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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GlutaMAX is a chemically defined, L-glutamine substitute for cell culture media. It is a stable source of L-glutamine that does not degrade over time like L-glutamine. GlutaMAX helps maintain consistent cell growth and performance in cell culture applications.

More about "Pyruvate"

Pyruvate, a vital metabolite in cellular energy production, plays a central role in various physiological processes.
It serves as a crucial intermediate in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, and can be further metabolized to acetyl-CoA, lactate, or alanine.
Pyruvate research is crucial for understanding metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer, as well as developing therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways.
Sodium pyruvate, a salt form of pyruvate, is commonly used in cell culture media along with other supplements like fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin/streptomycin, L-glutamine, and non-essential amino acids.
These components help maintain cell health and support cellular processes.
Researchers can optimize their pyruvate studies by utilizing the insights and tools provided by PubCompare.ai.
This AI-driven platform can help locate the best protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, enhancing reproducibility and accuracy to advance this important area of biomedical research.
PubCompare.ai's comparisons can identify the most effective methods, ensuring researchers find the right approaches to study pyruvate and its role in cellular metabolism, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress response.
By leveraging the power of PubCompare.ai, researchers can gain a deeper understanding of pyruvate's significance and develop more effective strategies for investigating metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer.
This knowledge can lead to the development of novel therapeutic interventions targeting the pyruvate pathways, ultimately improving patient outcomes and advancing the field of biomedical research.