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Latex

Latex, a natural rubber derived from the Hevea brasiliensis tree, is a versatile material with diverse applications in medical research and clinical settings.
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Most cited protocols related to «Latex»

1
CARMAweb: Reproducible Microarray Analysis
CARMAweb is designed as a multi-tier application based on the J2EE environment, including Java Server Pages and Servlets for the web tier, and Enterprise Java Beans for the middle tier. With the exception of the module for cluster analysis, visualization and classification, all calculations are performed in R using functions of the Bioconductor packages. The connection between Java and R is established through Rserve (). Each analysis is processed in R using the R function Sweave (). Sweave is a tool that allows embedding of R code into LaTeX documents. Sweave executes the R commands from the input file, which is created by the web application. Output from R, R commands and descriptive text are written into a LaTeX file. Thus, code, results and descriptions are presented in a consistent way. After the analysis the LaTeX file generated by Sweave is transformed into a pdf analysis report file. These analysis report files contain all R commands used to perform the analysis, together with descriptions for the various methods used. This guarantees a maximum of transparency and reproducibility of each analysis performed in CARMAweb. The CARMAweb user guide gives a short introduction to the various analysis methods available in the web application. Test datasets are provided for each microarray platform.
The current implementation of CARMAweb runs on a server equipped with two AMD Opteron (64 bit CPU) processors and 4 GB of physical memory. CARMAweb will be updated regularly to the newest R and Bioconductor releases. The current version of CARMAweb uses R version 2.2 and Bioconductor release 1.7.
Rainer J., Sanchez-Cabo F., Stocker G., Sturn A, & Trajanoski Z. (2006). CARMAweb: comprehensive R- and bioconductor-based web service for microarray data analysis. Nucleic Acids Research, 34(Web Server issue), W498-W503.
Publication 2006
Latex Memory Microarray Analysis Physical Examination
2
In Vitro T-reg Suppression Assay
The following protocol describes a basic type of in vitro Treg suppression assay where Treg function is measured in the absence of antigen-presenting cells (APCs). In this protocol, activation is mediated by anti-CD3 + anti-CD28 coated beads and, therefore, includes only two cell types, the target Tconv and test Tregs. In this protocol, the experiment is setup in a 96-well round-bottom plate in a total volume of 200 μl. All reagents are prepared at four times their desired final concentration and added to assay in 50 μl such that in the total volume of 200 μl, their concentration will be correct. See Fig. 1a for a 96-well plate layout (see Note 2).

Purify Tregs and Tconv from desired source (see Subheading 3.8).

Count Tregs and Tconv and adjust in T-cell culture medium (see Subheading 2.1) to 2.5 × 105/ml and 5 × 105/ml, respectively.

In round-bottom 96-well plate, add 50 μl culture media to wells 1–11 (see Fig. 1b).

Add 100 μl Treg to well 12.

Mix Tregs thoroughly with a pipet and titrate 50 μl of Tregs into well 11 to generate a twofold dilution. For multiple Treg populations, use a multichannel pipet to titrate multiple wells at the same time.

Repeat mixing and titration into successive wells, 50 μl at a time, leaving the well 6 with no Treg to determine maximum proliferation of Tconv.

Add 50 μl Tconv cells to all wells.

Add 100 μl anti-CD3/CD28-coated sulfate latex beads to all wells (see Subheading 3.9).

Incubate plate at 37°C, 5% CO2 for 72 h.

Pulse plates with 0.1 μCi [3H]-thymidine (<!> – Caution: Radioactive material. Institutional approval to handle radioactive materials is required) per well 8 h prior to completion of experiment.

Harvest cultures with a commercial cell harvester and determine counts per minute (cpm) with a direct beta counter (see Notes 3 and 4).

Collison L.W, & Vignali D.A. (2011). In Vitro Treg Suppression Assays. Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 707, 21-37.
Publication 2011
Antigen-Presenting Cells Biological Assay Cell Culture Techniques Cells Culture Media Latex Muromonab-CD3 Population Group Pulse Rate Radioactivity Sulfates, Inorganic T-Lymphocyte Technique, Dilution Thymidine Titrimetry
3
Quantifying Fungal Endocytosis and Adherence
The number of organisms or latex beads that were endocytosed or cell-associated with the various host cells was determined using our standard differential fluorescence assay [5 (link),7 (link),9 (link),51 (link)]. The host cells were grown to 95% confluency onto 12-mm diameter coverslips coated with fibronectin in 24-well tissue-culture plates. They were incubated with 105C. albicans hyphae in RPMI 1640 medium. After 45 min, the cells were rinsed twice with Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS; Irvine Scientific) in a standardized manner and then fixed with 3% paraformaldehyde. In experiments performed with C. albicans, the adherent but nonendocytosed organisms were labeled with rabbit polyclonal anti–C. albicans antibodies (Biodesign International, http://www.biodesign.com) that had been conjugated with Alexa 568 (Invitrogen), which fluoresces red. Next, the cells were permeablized with 0.5% Triton X-100 (Sigma-Aldrich) in PBS, and then the cell-associated organisms (the endocytosed plus nonendocytosed organisms) were labeled with the anti–C. albicans antibodies conjugated with Alexa 488 (Invitrogen), which fluoresces green. The coverslips were viewed using an epifluorescent microscope, and the number of endocytosed organisms was determined by subtracting the number of nonendocytosed organisms (which fluoresced red) from the number of cell-associated organisms (which fluoresced green). At least 100 organisms were examined on each coverslip, and the results were expressed as the number of endocytosed or cell-associated organisms per high-powered field.
Experiments investigating the endocytosis and adherence of the yellow-green fluorescing latex beads were performed similarly, except that 3 × 105 beads were added to each well. The adherent, nonendocytosed control beads coated with biotinylated BSA were labeled with strepavidin Alexa 568. The adherent beads coated with either rAls1-N or rAls3-N were detected by indirect immunofluorescence using rabbit polyclonal anti-Als1 antibodies followed by Alexa 568–conjugated goat anti-rabbit antibodies.
Phan Q.T., Myers C.L., Fu Y., Sheppard D.C., Yeaman M.R., Welch W.H., Ibrahim A.S., Edwards JE J.r, & Filler S.G. (2007). Als3 Is a Candida albicans Invasin That Binds to Cadherins and Induces Endocytosis by Host Cells. PLoS Biology, 5(3), e64.
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Publication 2007
alexa 568 Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 Anti-Antibodies anti-c antibody Biological Assay Cells Endocytosis Fibronectins Fluorescence Goat Hanks Balanced Salt Solution Hemoglobin, Sickle Hyphae Indirect Immunofluorescence Latex Microscopy paraform Rabbits Streptavidin Tissues Triton X-100
4
Creatinine-based eGFR Measurement in CKDGen Studies
The primary outcome of our GWAS meta-analysis is log-transformed eGFRcrea. This was used by the studies contributing to the CKDGen meta-analyses and for our UKB association analysis. In UKB, creatinine was measured in serum by enzymatic analysis on a Beckman Coulter AU5800 (UKB data field 30700, http://biobank.ctsu.ox.ac.uk/crystal/field.cgi?id=30700) and GFR was estimated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) formula53 (link),54 (link). For all studies involved in the CKDGen analysis, creatinine concentrations were measured in serum and GFR was estimated based on the CKD-EPI (for individuals >18 years of age)53 (link),54 (link) or the Schwartz (for individuals <= 18 years of age)55 (link) formula. Details on the study-specific measurements for the CKDGen studies were described previously7 (link). For all studies, eGFRcrea was winsorized at 15 or 200 ml/min/1.73 m2 and winsorized eGFRcrea values were log-transformed using a natural logarithm. Secondary outcomes used for downstream analyses include log-transformed eGFRcys and log-transformed BUN. In UKB, cystatin C was measured based on latex enhanced immunoturbidimetric analysis on a Siemens ADVIA 1800 (UKB data field 30720, http://biobank.ctsu.ox.ac.uk/crystal/field.cgi?id=30720) and blood urea was measured by GLDH, kinetic analysis on a Beckman Coulter AU5800 (UKB data field 30670, http://biobank.ctsu.ox.ac.uk/crystal/field.cgi?id=30670). Details on the cystatin C and blood urea measurements in CKDGen studies can be found in the previous work7 (link),13 (link). In CKDGen and UKB, eGFRcys was obtained from cystatin C measurements using the formula by Stevens et al.56 (link) or the CKD-EPI formula53 (link),54 (link), respectively. In all studies, eGFRcys was winsorized at 15 or 200 ml/min/1.73 m2 and winsorized eGFRcys values were log-transformed using a natural logarithm. Blood urea measurements in mg/dL were multiplied by 2.8 to obtain BUN values, which were then log-transformed using a natural logarithm.
Stanzick K.J., Li Y., Schlosser P., Gorski M., Wuttke M., Thomas L.F., Rasheed H., Rowan B.X., Graham S.E., Vanderweff B.R., Patil S.B., Robinson-Cohen C., Gaziano J.M., O’Donnell C.J., Willer C.J., Hallan S., Åsvold B.O., Gessner A., Hung A.M., Pattaro C., Köttgen A., Stark K.J., Heid I.M, & Winkler T.W. (2021). Discovery and prioritization of variants and genes for kidney function in >1.2 million individuals. Nature Communications, 12, 4350.
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Publication 2021
BLOOD Creatinine Enzymes Genome-Wide Association Study Immunoturbidimetry Kinetics Latex Post-gamma-Globulin Serum Urea Urea Nitrogen, Blood
5
Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis of Extracellular Vesicles and Artificial Vesicles
Analyses were performed by the same operator on two different NanoSight NS500 instruments (Malvern Instruments, Amesbury, UK) located at different laboratories. The instruments were equipped with a 488 nm laser, a high sensitivity sCMOS camera and a syringe pump. The EVs and artificial vesicles/beads were mixed by vortexing, and subsequently diluted in particle-free PBS (0.02 µm filtered) to obtain a concentration within the recommended measurement range (1–10 × 108 particles/mL), corresponding to dilutions from 1:100 to 1:100,000 depending on the initial sample concentration (Tables 1 and 2). Experiment videos were analysed using NTA 2.3 build 17 or NTA 3.1 build 54 software (Malvern) (specified in Tables 1 and 2) after capture in script control mode (3 videos of 60 s per measurement) using syringe pump speed 20. A total of 1500 frames were examined per sample. Samples were captured and analysed by applying either identical or instrument-optimised (see “Inter-assay variation, instrument-optimised settings”) settings (Tables 1 and 2, respectively). Further settings, such as blur, minimum track length and minimum expected size were set to “automatic” and viscosity to “water” (0.909–0.90 cP).

Instrument settings for “identical settings” setup.

 “Identical settings” setup
Instruments 1 and 2
 Sample/vesicle typeSample dilutionCamera levelDetection threshold
EVsExosomes from PC-3 cells200123
Exosomes from Jurkat cells1000134
OMV from Neisseria meningitidis10,000123–4
Microvesicles from monocytes400123–4
Artificial vesicles/beadsArtificial vesicles (Invivofectamine® 2.0)100,00013–143–4
Polystyrene latex beads 100 nm50084
Silica microspheres 150 nm100,000104

Samples were analysed using NTA 2.3 build 17 software (Malvern).

Instrument settings for “instrument-optimised settings” setup.

 “Optimised settings” setup Instrument 1
Instrument 2
 Sample/vesicle typeSample dilutionCamera levelDetection ThresholdCamera levelDetection Threshold
EVsExosomes from PC-3 cells10014–15314–163
Microvesicles from monocytes50013–14314–153
BeadsPolystyrene latex beads 100 nm1,00011–12312–133

Samples were analysed using NTA 3.1 build 54 software (Malvern).

Vestad B., Llorente A., Neurauter A., Phuyal S., Kierulf B., Kierulf P., Skotland T., Sandvig K., Haug K.B, & Øvstebø R. (2017). Size and concentration analyses of extracellular vesicles by nanoparticle tracking analysis: a variation study. Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, 6(1), 1344087.
Publication 2017
Biological Assay Hypersensitivity Latex Microspheres Neisseria Reading Frames Syringes Technique, Dilution Viscosity

Most recents protocols related to «Latex»

1
Novel Fluoropolymer Synthesis and Characterization
Not available on PMC !

EXAMPLE 1

In an AISI 316 steel vertical autoclave, equipped with baffles and a stirrer working at 570 rpm, 3.5 liter of demineralized water were introduced. The temperature was then brought to reaction temperature of 80° C. and the selected amount of 34% w/w aqueous solution of cyclic surfactant of formula (VI) as defined above, with Xa=NH4, was added. VDF and ethane were introduced to the selected pressure variation reported in Table 1. A gaseous mixture of TFE-VDF in the molar nominal ratio reported in Table 1 was subsequently added via a compressor until reaching a pressure of 20 bar. Then, the selected amount of a 3% by weight water solution of sodium persulfate (NaPS) as initiator was fed. The polymerization pressure was maintained constant by feeding the above mentioned TFE-VDF while adding the PPVE monomer at regular intervals until reaching the total amount indicated in the table 1.

When 1000 g of the mixture were fed, the reactor was cooled at room temperature, the latex was discharged, frozen for 48 hours and, once unfrozen, the coagulated polymer was washed with demineralized water and dried at 160° C. for 24 hours.

The composition of the obtained polymer F-1, as measured by NMR, was Polymer (F-1)(693/99): TFE (69.6% mol)—VDF (27.3% mol)—PPVE (2.1% mol), having melting point Tm=218° C. and MFI=5 g/10′.

The procedure of example 1 was repeated, by introducing the amount of ingredients indicated in the third column of Table 1.

The composition of the obtained polymer P-1, as measured by NMR, was Polymer (C-1)(693/67): TFE (71% mol)—VDF (28.5% mol)—PPVE (0.5% mol), having melting point Tm=249° C. and MFI=5 g/10′.

EXAMPLE 2

The procedure of example 1 was repeated, by introducing the amount of ingredients indicated in the second column of Table 1.

The composition of the obtained polymer F-2, as measured by NMR, was Polymer (F-1)(693/100): TFE (68% mol)—VDF (29.8% mol)—PPVE (2.2% mol), having melting point Tm=219° C. and MFI=1.5 g/10′.

In an AISI 316 steel horizontal reactor, equipped with a stirrer working at 42 rpm, 56 liter of demineralized water were introduced. The temperature was then brought to reaction temperature of 65° C. and the selected amount of 40% w/w aqueous solution of cyclic surfactant of formula (VI) as defined above, with X1=NH4, was added. VDF and ethane were introduced to the selected pressure variation reported in Table 1.

A gaseous mixture of TFE-VDF in the molar nominal ratio reported in Table 1 was subsequently added via a compressor until reaching a pressure of 20 bar.

Then, the selected amount of a 0.25% by weight water solution of sodium persulfate (NaPS) as initiator was fed. The polymerization pressure was maintained constant by feeding the above mentioned TFE-VDF while adding the PPVE monomer at regular intervals until reaching the total amount indicated in the table 1.

When 16000 g of the mixture were fed, the reactor was cooled at room temperature, the latex was discharged, frozen for 48 hours and, once unfrozen, the coagulated polymer was washed with demineralized water and dried at 160° C. for 24 hours. The composition of the obtained polymer C-2, as measured by NMR, was Polymer (C-2)(SA1100): TFE (70.4% mol)—VDF (29.2% mol)—PPVE (0.4% mol), having melting point Tm=232° C. and MFI=8 g/10′.

EXAMPLE 3

The procedure of Comparative Example 2 was repeated, by introducing the following changes:

    • demineralized water introduced into the reactor: 66 litres;
    • polymerization temperature of 80° C.
    • polymerization pressure: 12 abs bar
    • Initiator solution concentration of 6% by weight
    • MVE introduced in the amount indicated in table 1
    • Overall amount of monomers mixture fed in the reactor: 10 000 g, with molar ratio TFE/VDF as indicated in Table 1.

All the amount of ingredients are indicated in the fifth column of Table 1.

The composition of the obtained polymer (C-3), as measured by NMR, was Polymer (C-3)(693/22): TFE (72.1% mol)—VDF (26% mol)—PMVE (1.9% mol), having melting point Tm=226° C. and MFI=8 g/10′.

TABLE 1
(F-1)(F-2)(C-1)(C-2)(C-3)
Surfactant solution [g]505050740800
Surfactant [g/l]4.854.854.855.284.12
Initiator solution [ml]1001001002500600
Initiator [g/kg]3.03.03.00.396.0
VDF [bar]1.81.801.81.8
TFE/VDF mixture 70/3070/3070/3070/3069/301
[molar ratio]
FPVE [g]1221223166002
Ethane [bar]0.60.30.2520.1
1gaseous mixture containing 1% moles of perfluoromethylvinylether (FMVE);
2initial partial pressure of FMVE 0.35 bar.

The results regarding polymers (F-1), (F-2) of the invention, and comparative (C-1), (C-2) and (C-3) are set forth in Table 2 here below

TABLE 2
693/99693/100693/67SA1100693/14
(F-1)(F-2)(C-1)(C-2)(C-3)
Elongation at5777392904035
break [%, 200° C.]
Tensile modulus425374484594500
[MPa, 23° C.]
Tensile yield stress11.611.414.015.512.5
[MPa, 23° C.]
Tensile modulus29385676—
[MPa, 170° C.]
Tensile modulus1210484723
[MPa, 200° C.]
SHI [MPa, 23° C.]3.65.11.91.61.7
ESR as yieldingNoNoYieldingYieldingYielding
[time, 23° C.]YieldingYieldingafter 1after 1after 1
minminmin

In particular, the polymer (F) of the present invention as notably represented by the polymers (F-1), (F-2), surprisingly exhibits a higher elongation at break at 200° C. as compared to the polymers (C-1) and (C-2) of the prior art.

Also, the polymer (F) of the present invention as notably represented by the polymers (F-1), (F-2), despite its lower tensile modulus, which remains nevertheless in a range perfectly acceptable for various fields of use, surprisingly exhibits a higher strain hardening rate by plastic deformation as compared to the polymers (C-1) and (C-2) of the prior art.

Finally, the polymer (F) of the present invention as notably represented by the polymers (F-1) and (F-2) surprisingly exhibits higher environmental stress resistance when immersed in fuels as compared to the polymers (C-1) and (C-2) of the prior art.

Yet, comparison of polymer (F) according to the present invention with performances of polymer (C-3) comprising perfluoromethylvinylether (FMVE) as modifying monomer shows the criticality of selecting perfluoropropylvinylether: indeed, FMVE is shown producing at similar monomer amounts, copolymer possessing too high stiffness, and hence low elongation at break, unsuitable for being used e.g. in O&G applications.

US11859033B2. Melt-processible fluoropolymer (2024-01-02). SOLVAY SPECIALTY POLYMERS ITALY S.P.A. [IT]. Inventors: Mattia Bassi [IT], Alessio Marrani [IT], Valeriy Kapelyushko [IT].
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Patent 2024
Ethane Fluorocarbon Polymers Freezing G-800 Gases Latex Molar N-(4-aminophenethyl)spiroperidol Nevus Partial Pressure Polymerization Polymers Pressure Sclerosis sodium persulfate Steel Surface-Active Agents
2
Photoacoustic Flow Cytometry for Bacterial Detection
Our photoacoustic system is shown in Figure 2 and consisted of a laser coupled to an optical fiber directed at a flow chamber through which saline suspensions were directed. An acoustic transducer was coupled to detection electronics for data processing and analysis. The system was calibrated using 10 μm dyed polystyrene microspheres (Polybead, Warrington, Pennsylvania) and phosphate buffered saline (Fisher Scientific, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) as positive and negative controls. As a control for bacteriophage binding, we used American Type Culture Collection strain 35556 (S. aureus strain SA113, ATCC, Manassas, Virginia). Modified bacteriophage SP1 was used as tags at a ratio of 1,000 bacteriophage per S. aureus cell. Bacteriophage were added to each culture and incubated at room temperature for 10 minutes to ensure phage binding. The combined culture and bacteriophage mixture was passed through the PAFC system at a flow rate of 60 μL/min.
The photoacoustic flow cytometer used a frequency doubled Nd:YAGlaser operating at 532 nmwith a 5 nspulse duration and a 20 Hzpulse repetition rate. These laser parameters are appropriate for inducing acoustic waves in labeled bacteriophage attached to bacterial cells. Laser light was launched into a 1,000 μmoptical fiber with a numerical aperture of 0.22 (Thorlabs, Newton, New Jersey). The optical fiber was directed to a flow chamber made from 3D printed polylactic acid (PLA) filament. The chamber is shown in Figure 3. An immersion acoustic transducer (Olympus, Waltham, Massachusetts) fixed to the flow chamber with a center frequency of 2.25 MHzand a focal length of 0.5 inches was used to sense the generated acoustic waves.
Rather than sending a continuous flow of cell suspension through the flow chamber, we induced two phase flow by introducing an immiscible fluid to the saline suspension. We used mineral oil, thus creating alternating droplets of cell suspension and oil (22 (link), 23 (link)). These alternating droplets created a fluidic conveyor belt that allowed for localized detection of photoacoustic events. This arrangement allowed for microfluidic capture of droplets that generated photoacoustic waves which identified bacterial cells of interest.
The transducer was coupled to a high frequency digitizer and amplifier (National Instruments, Austin, Texas) connected to a desktop computer (Dell, Round Rock, Texas). Photoacoustic waves were identified by a LabVIEW (National Instruments, Austin, Texas) program made for this photoacoustic flow cytometer. Photoacoustic events were classified by a simple threshold of the voltage signal from the transducer. The threshold was set at three times the standard deviation of the noise. Each photoacoustic wave was assumed to be generated from a single bacterial cell, which was reasonable from the dilute concentration of bacterial cells. The bacterial count was recorded for each patient sample which as split into two subsamples, one of which was treated with oxacillin, and one was untreated. These numbers were used for determination of antibiotic resistance.
For quality control, we calibrated the photoacoustic system before each use. We ran a sample of phosphate buffered saline (PBS) as a negative control. In all PBS samples, we detected no photoacoustic events, as expected, as there were no optical absorbers present. For a positive control, we ran a suspension of 1 μmblack latex microspheres to ensure we were successfully detecting photoacoustic events. In all such cases, we showed constant detections, as the microspheres generated photoacoustic waves.
Edgar R.H., Samson A.P., Kowalski R.P., Kellum J.A., Hempel J., Viator J.A, & Jhanji V. (2023). Differentiating methicillin resistant and susceptible Staphylococcus aureus from ocular infections using photoacoustic labeling. Frontiers in Medicine, 10, 1017192.
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Publication 2023
Acoustics Antibiotic Resistance, Microbial austin Bacteria Bacteriophages Cells Counts, Bacterial Cytoskeletal Filaments Fibrosis Latex Light Microspheres Oil, Mineral Oxacillin Phosphates poly(lactic acid) Polystyrenes Preauricular Fistulae, Congenital Saline Solution Sound Waves Staphylococcus aureus Strains Submersion Technique, Dilution Transducers
3
Hematological Markers in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemoradiotherapy
This retrospective cohort study enrolled patients with HNC, with the exception of those with oral and salivary gland cancer, who underwent treatment at Shinshu University Hospital between January 2014 and March 2021. Patients who underwent surgical treatment were excluded from this cohort. One hundred and twenty-four patients who received CRT and whose pre- and post-treatment hematological data were available were reviewed (Fig. 4). The clinicopathological data of the patients, including age, sex, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS), current smoking status, primary tumor site, clinical stage (according to the 8th edition of the TNM classification), histology, p16 status, and hematological data were obtained from the medical records. Serum albumin and CRP were measured using the modified bromocresol purple method and latex coagulating nephelometry, respectively. The NLR, LMR, PLR, CAR, PNI, and PINI were calculated as follows: total neutrophil count (/mm3) divided by the total lymphocyte count (/mm3), total lymphocyte count (/mm3) divided by the total monocyte count (/mm3), platelet count (/mm3) divided by the total lymphocyte count (/mm3), serum CRP (mg/dL) divided by serum albumin (g/dL), 10 × serum albumin (g/dL) + 0.005 × total lymphocyte count (/mm3), and 0.9 × serum albumin (g/dL) − 0.0007 × monocyte count (/mm3), respectively. These hematological markers were calculated based on blood tests conducted within 1 month from the first day of radiotherapy and within 1 week from the last day of radiotherapy. Pre- and post-treatment markers were termed as follows: pre-NLR, pre-LMR, pre-PLR, pre-CAR, pre-PNI, and pre-PINI for pretreatment markers and post-NLR, post-LMR, post-PLR, post-CAR, post-PNI, and post-PINI for post-treatment markers.

Flow diagram of patient selection. HNC head and neck cancer, CRT chemoradiotherapy, BRT bioradiotherapy; RT radiotherapy, ICT induction chemotherapy, SCC squamous cell carcinoma, LEC lymphoepithelial carcinoma.

Iwasa Y.I., Shimizu M., Matsuura K., Hori K., Hiramatsu K., Sugiyama K., Yokota Y., Kitano T., Kitoh R, & Takumi Y. (2023). Prognostic significance of pre- and post-treatment hematological biomarkers in patients with head and neck cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy. Scientific Reports, 13, 3869.
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Publication 2023
Bromcresol Purple Cancer of Head and Neck Cancer of Salivary Gland Carcinoma Chemoradiotherapy Hematologic Tests Hospital Administration Induction Chemotherapy Latex Lymphocyte Count Monocytes Neoplasms Nephelometry Neutrophil Operative Surgical Procedures Patients Platelet Counts, Blood Radiotherapy Serum Serum Albumin Squamous Cell Carcinoma
4
Dynamic Gastric Digestion Model for In Vitro Testing

Protocol full text hidden due to copyright restrictions

Open the protocol to access the free full text link

Publication 2023
BAG1 protein, human Bath Calcium, Dietary Digestion Enzymes Food Homo sapiens Juices, Gastric Latex Lipase Pepsin A silk gland factor-1 Stomach
5
Phagocytosis Assay for Cybrid Cells
Phagocytosis was measured in our cybrids (n = 4 Euro/Non-DM, n = 5 Euro/DM, n = 3 [Afr + Asi]/Non-DM, n = 3 [Afr + Asi]/DM) using a variation of the methods described by Vo et al.38 (link) All experiments were performed in triplicate.
Culture of Cybrids With Fluorescent Beads—For each cybrid, cells were seeded at a density of 500,000 cells/well in 2 mL of standard culture media in 2 separate 6-well plates and then incubated overnight at 37 °C with 5% CO2. Media were replaced with 2 mL of a solution of 1 μm, fluorescently-tagged latex microbeads (Fluoresbrite® YG Microspheres 1.00 μm; Polysciences, Inc., Warrington, PA) diluted 1:3,000 in standard culture media. For each cybrid, 1 plate was incubated 48 h at 37 °C with 5% CO2 in 2% O2 while the other plate was incubated for 48 h at 37 °C with 5% CO2 in room-air.
After incubation, wells were briefly washed 3 times with 2 mL PBS-EDTA per wash and trypsinized. For each well, 2 mL of standard medium was added before pipetting each content into a separate 15 mL conical tube. Then, 1.5 mL of standard media was added to each well and then added to its respective 15 mL conical tube. Cell suspensions were then titrated with a 5 mL pipette to separate into single cells, strained through separate 35 μm nylon filters into separate 5 mL test tubes (Corning™ Falcon™ Test Tube with Cell Strainer Snap Cap; Corning Inc., Corning, NY), and centrifuged for 5 min at 1000 RPM. For each tube, media were carefully removed, and the pellet was resuspended in 50 μL of PBS-EDTA.
Flow Cytometry Analysis of Phagocytosis—Each sample was loaded into an ImageSteamX Mark II Imaging Flow Cytometer (Luminex Corp., Austin, TX), excited using a 488 nm laser, and imaged at 40 × magnification. 5,000 images were collected for each sample.
Imageset data were then analyzed using IDEAS software (Luminex Corp.) Briefly, images were first gated by object diameter to isolate images with single cells. Then, this subset was gated by fluorescence to determine the images containing microspheres. Finally, this smaller subset was gated to identify images where microspheres had been internalized. To do this, the software generates a “mask” of the cell area, “erodes” this area by a few pixels from the outer edge, and then determines if a fluorescent signal is located within the eroded mask. An internalization ratio was then calculated as follows: [Single Cells that Internalized Beads] / [Total Single Cells]. For each cybrid and condition, this ratio was then normalized to the ratio of its age-matched and haplogroup-matched, Non-DM cybrid cultured in room-air.
Dolinko A.H., Chwa M., Schneider K., Singh M.K., Atilano S., Wu J, & Kenney M.C. (2023). Hypoxia-induced transcriptional differences in African and Asian versus European diabetic cybrids. Scientific Reports, 13, 3818.
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Publication 2023
austin Cells Edetic Acid Flow Cytometry Fluorescence Latex Microspheres Nylons Phagocytosis Vita Mark II

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Facscalibur by BD
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Canada, Japan, Italy, France, Belgium, Singapore, Uruguay, Switzerland, Spain, Australia, Poland, India, Austria, Denmark, Netherlands, Jersey, Finland, Sweden
The FACSCalibur is a flow cytometry system designed for multi-parameter analysis of cells and other particles. It features a blue (488 nm) and a red (635 nm) laser for excitation of fluorescent dyes. The instrument is capable of detecting forward scatter, side scatter, and up to four fluorescent parameters simultaneously.
5
Bn 2 analyzer by Siemens
Sourced in Germany, United States, United Kingdom
The BN II analyzer is a laboratory instrument manufactured by Siemens. It is designed to perform various analytical tests and measurements. The core function of the BN II analyzer is to provide accurate and reliable data for laboratory testing and analysis.
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Bnii nephelometer by Siemens
Sourced in Germany, United States, Japan, United Kingdom, Switzerland
The BNII nephelometer is a laboratory instrument used for the measurement of protein concentrations in biological samples. It operates by directing a beam of light through a sample and detecting the scattered light, which is proportional to the concentration of particles in the sample. The BNII nephelometer provides quantitative data on the levels of specific proteins present in the analyzed solution.
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Fluosphere by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Italy
FluoSpheres are fluorescent microspheres designed for a variety of research and analytical applications. They are available in a range of sizes and colors, and can be used as calibration standards, flow cytometry controls, and fluorescence microscopy markers. The core function of FluoSpheres is to provide stable, uniform fluorescent particles for various experimental and measurement purposes.
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Papain from papaya latex by Merck Group
Sourced in Canada, United States, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, United Kingdom
Papain from papaya latex is a proteolytic enzyme that can be used for various laboratory applications. It is derived from the latex of the papaya plant and is known for its ability to break down proteins. The core function of papain is to catalyze the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in proteins.
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Phagocytosis assay kit by Cayman Chemical
Sourced in United States
The Phagocytosis Assay Kit is a laboratory tool designed to measure the ability of phagocytic cells, such as macrophages or neutrophils, to engulf and internalize particles or microorganisms. The kit provides the necessary components to facilitate the phagocytosis process and quantify the extent of particle uptake by the target cells.
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Bn 2 system by Siemens
Sourced in Germany, United States
The BN II System is a laboratory equipment product manufactured by Siemens. It is a fully automated, high-throughput system designed for the analysis of blood and other biological samples. The core function of the BN II System is to perform nephelometric and turbidimetric measurements to determine the concentration of specific proteins and other analytes in the samples.

More about "Latex"

Latex, a versatile natural rubber derived from the Hevea brasiliensis tree, has a wide range of applications in medical research and clinical settings.
Discover how AI-driven optimization can streamline your Latex research protocols with PubCompare.ai.
Latex is a resilient and flexible material with diverse uses, from medical devices to industrial products.
In the field of medical research, Latex is commonly utilized for various applications, such as N Latex Cystatin C, a test for measuring cystatin C levels, and DL920, a Latex agglutination assay for detecting C-reactive protein (CRP).
The Cias Latex CRP-H assay is another Latex-based tool used to quantify CRP concentration.
Researchers often employ flow cytometry instruments like the FACSCalibur to analyze cell samples, and Latex-based reagents like FluoSpheres can be used in these processes.
Papain, an enzyme extracted from papaya latex, is another Latex-derived product with applications in research and clinical settings, such as the Phagocytosis Assay Kit.
Nephelometry, a technique that measures the scattering of light by particles in a solution, also utilizes Latex-based reagents.
The BN II analyzer and BNII nephelometer are examples of instruments that employ Latex components to perform these analyses.
PubCompare.ai leverages cutting-edge AI to help you effortlessly locate the most effective Latex protocols from literature, preprints, and patents.
Unleash the full potential of your Latex research with our intelligent comparisons that identify the optimal protocols and products.
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