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Vinyl polysiloxane

Vinyl polysiloxanes are a class of synthetic polymers widely used in dental and medical applications, such as impression materials, prosthetic devices, and sealants.
These materials are known for their excellent physical properties, including high elasticity, tear strength, and dimensional stability.
They are typically formed through the polymerization of vinyl-terminated siloxane monomers, often in the presence of catalysts.
Vinyl polysiloxanes offer a balance of biocompatibility, ease of handling, and long-lasting performance, making them a valuable tool for healthcare professionals and researchers.
PubCompare.ai's innovative platform can help optimize vinyl polysiloxane protocols by providing side-by-side comparisons of the latest literature, preprints, and patents, allowing users to identify the most reproducible and accuarate methods for their specific applications.

Most cited protocols related to «Vinyl polysiloxane»

Three lingual bracket systems with equivalent slot sizes and orientations were selected. One type of CL-LB (7th Generation; Ormco, Orange, CA, USA), one type of CL-LB with a narrow bracket width (STb; Ormco), and one type of self-ligating lingual bracket (In-Ovation L; GAC, Dentsply Corp., York, PA, USA) were tested under three tooth displacement conditions: no displacement (control); a 2-mm palatal displacement of the maxillary right lateral incisor (MXLI); and a 2-mm gingival displacement of the maxillary right canine (MXC) (Figure 1). Therefore, a total of nine groups were created by the combination of these factors (n = 7 per group).
In this study, a stereolithographic typodont system used in previous studies12 (link)17 (link)18 (link) was refabricated. This typodont system had a full maxillary dentition fixed to an archshaped metal frame, which allowed each tooth to move in the occluso-gingival (up and down) and labio-palatal (forward and backward) directions. At the zero position, all teeth were aligned in the ideal position according to an ovoid arch form (OrthoForm III-Ovoid, reference no. 701-723; 3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA). Each tooth had its periodontal ligament space filled with Imprint™ II Garant™ Light Body Vinyl Polysiloxane Impression Material (3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany), which emulates the mobility of human teeth and absorbs mechanical stress.12 (link)17 (link)18 (link)
The characteristics of the lingual brackets tested in this study are listed in Table 1. After the 7th Generation, STb, and In-Ovation L brackets were positioned with full-size preformed straight lingual archwire at the center of the lingual surface, customized resin bases for the brackets were fabricated by curing Transbond XT (3M Unitek). Then, the archwire was removed and individual transfer trays were made. To minimize wire-related bias, 0.013-inch copper-nickel-titanium (Cu-NiTi) preformed lingual archwires were used (STb straight wire small, 204-2101; Ormco).
For ligation of the maxillary anterior teeth, a double over-tie of powerchain was used for the 7th Generation group (Clear Generation II Power Chain, 639-0002; Ormco) and a single tie of elastic modules was applied to the STb group (AlastiK Easy-To-Tie Ligature; 3M Unitek) according to the manufacturer's guide.21 (link)22 (link) For ligation of the maxillary posterior teeth, elastic modules (AlastiK Easy-To-Tie Ligature; 3M Unitek) were used in both CL-LB groups (the 7th Generation and STb groups) according to the manufacturer's guide.21 (link)22 (link) After the ligation of all brackets, a 3-minute waiting period was allowed to obtain reproducible amounts of stress relaxation and ligation force.11 (link)12 (link)15 (link)16 (link)18 (link) Since the In-Ovation L bracket was self-ligating, it was closed with an active clip.
The typodont was then attached to a metal plate fixed to a mechanical testing machine (Model 4466; Instron, Canton, MA, USA). After artificial saliva (Taliva®; Hanlim Pharm. Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea) was sprayed onto the bracket, the end of the archwire extruding from the maxillary right second molar tube was gripped with a custom-designed adaptor. SFF and KFF were measured while drawing the archwire through the brackets at a speed of 0.5 mm/min for 5 minutes. Tests were conducted in a chamber maintained at 36.5 ± 0.3℃ (Figure 2).
After each test, the typodont system was immediately washed with distilled water and alcohol to remove the artificial saliva and then dried with an air syringe. Each group was tested seven times, and a new wire was used each time.
The definitions of SFF and KFF are presented in Figure 3. SFF was measured at the maximal point of the initial rise. KFF was calculated by averaging frictional forces from after the maximal point of the initial rise to the end of the test.12 (link)17 (link)18 (link)
A power analysis was performed to determine the sample size using a sample size determination program (version 2.0.1; Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Registration No. 2007-01-122-004453, Seoul, Korea). The Shapiro-Wilk test was performed to assess the normality of the distributions in the experimental groups. The existence of normal distributions was confirmed in all nine groups. If equal variances were assumed by the Levene's test, a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey's honest significant difference (HSD) post hoc test was performed for the statistical analysis. When equal variances were not assumed by Levene's test, Welch's variance-weighted ANOVA with Dunnett's T3 post hoc test was used.
Publication 2016
Every volunteer’s whole upper jaw, including the full dentition and palatal soft tissues, was captured digitally with an intraoral scanner (TRIOS POD, 3 Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark). The scan process was conducted following the manufacturer’s guidelines, before which saliva on volunteer’s palate and teeth was tried to be removed by cotton rolls and air syringe, and buccal or labial mucosa were pulled by mouth mirrors to avoid the negative effects of intraoral conditions as much as possible. Scanning started with the second molar in the first quadrant and ended at the second molar in the second quadrant. Each tooth was scanned from occlusal surface then followed a slow zigzag scanning of the dentition. Scanning of the palatal soft tissues started with the palatal sides of upper central incisors, and moved in a zigzag manner as well until reaching the level of the distal end of the second molars. Before completing the whole scan, missed areas were rescanned and irrelevant areas were removed by trim tool in scanning software. Small mismatches were erased and rescanned. Digital images with large mismatches, which could not be covered by rescanned, were eliminated and a new digital image would be captured from the beginning. Unbroken and smooth digital images were defined as images of good quality. The scanning time and the number of scanning pictures were also recorded in every image acquisition. This process was then repeated two times, so every volunteer had three digital impressions (n = 3 per volunteer, named DI1, DI2 and DI3). All scans were performed by a well-trained dentist. All the DI data were submitted to the laboratory authorized by 3 Shape Corporation, then exported and converted to the Standard Tessellation Language (STL) file format by using a model analysis software (Ortho Analyzer, 3 Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark). An STL file format was compatible with and able to be imported into most 3D model processing softwares.
A volunteer’s conventional impression was obtained right after the completion of intraoral digital scanning. After the best fitting trays selected and the adhesive applied (Tray Adhesive, DMG, Hamburg, Germany), conventional impression procedure was performed with a vinyl polysiloxane material (Honigum Putty/Light, DMG, Hamburg, Germany) in a two-step putty-wash method following the manufacturer’s instruction. Then the conventional impression was poured with scannable type IV gypsum (uni-base 300, Dentona, Germany) and stored at a room temperature of 21–23°C. All the operations were performed at the department of prosthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital by the same dentist mentioned above. It was not suggested to directly scan elastomeric impressions because shadowing effects will limit the use of optical scanner in the data acquisition of cavities or negative moulds[10 (link)], and then affect the integrity of final virtual models. Digitized each cast once by a laboratory scanner (D500 3D scanner, 3 Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark) after storage of at least 96 hours until the expansion of gypsum was complete[5 (link), 17 (link)]. These virtual 3D images (named CIs) were converted into STL file format and considered as volunteers’ gold standard models. The whole enrollment and allocation of volunteers are shown in Fig 1.
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Publication 2016
CD3EAP protein, human Cheek Dental Caries Dentist Dentition Elastomers Fingers Fungus, Filamentous Gold Gossypium Gypsum Incisor Light Lip Maxilla Molar Mucous Membrane Oral Cavity Palate Radionuclide Imaging Saliva Syringes Tissues Tooth TRIO protein, human vinyl polysiloxane Voluntary Workers
Animals were anesthetized (2% halothane in 70% N2O/30% O2 for induction and 1% halothane in 70% N2O/30% O2 for maintenance) and the rectal temperature were kept at 37±0.5°C. The internal carotid artery (ICA) is one of the bifurcations of the common carotid artery and provides blood supply to the cerebral regions. It also provides blood supply to the eye as the ophthalmic artery is a branch of the pterygopalatine artery (PPA) which originates from the ICA [18] (link)–[21] (link). Unilateral retinal ischemia was induced by inserting an 8/0 nylon monofilament coated with vinyl polysiloxane impression material (3 M Dental Products, St. Paul, MN) through the right external carotid artery (ECA) into the right ICA. Both the right common carotid artery and right ECA were ligated to avoid anastomoses between the ophthalmic artery and the external carotid artery. Retinal ischemia was maintained for 2 hrs after which the filament was pulled out to allow reperfusion for 22 hrs [22] (link).
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Publication 2011
Animals Arteries Common Carotid Artery Cytoskeletal Filaments Dental Health Services External Carotid Arteries Halothane Internal Carotid Arteries Ischemia Material, Dental Impression Nylons Ophthalmic Artery Rectum Reperfusion Retina Surgical Anastomoses vinyl polysiloxane
In a dental operatory (with the door closed), we conducted a benchtop exercise to compare the spatter pattern obtained while performing a simulated tooth preparation procedure. We covered the air inlet vent to the operatory so that no airflow currents were present, as they could have affected the spatter pattern. We inserted a typodont manikin head (KaVo Dental, Charlotte, N.C.) into the headrest position of a dental chair. We constructed a 4 × 3-foot wooden platform to surround the manikin head as it was reclined into a usual position for operative dentistry so that the maxillary dental occlusal plane was perpendicular to the floor. We then inserted a typodont (D95SDP-200 32 Teeth Soft Gingivae Type, Kilgore International, Cold-water, Mich.) into the maxillary and mandibular positions of the manikin head. Royal blue fadeless bulletin board paper was trimmed to fit and placed on the wooden platform.
We placed two laboratory stands next to the manikin at the 2-o'clock and 12-o'clock positions. Each stand held a three-pronged clamp in which we placed a dental handpiece or the HVE and maintained it in a fixed position. We used vinyl polysiloxane (VP Mix regular set mint [102–8752], Henry Schein, Melville, N.Y.) to adapt the clamps closely to the handpiece and HVE. We oriented the dental handpiece and HVE in such a way as to simulate the position of a right-handed dentist during preparation of the occlusal surface of three posterior teeth (nos. 18, 19 and 20) (Figure 1). We placed a carbide 330 bur in the dental handpiece and oriented it into a small occlusal preparation in the tooth to act as an index for reproducibility.

Overview of the experimental design setup.

To simulate the volumetric size of the oral cavity, we placed the vinyl polysiloxane putty in areas of the typodont in which water may flow. In a clinical situation, the Isolite system and a dental dam adapt closely to the oral soft tissues so that essentially no spaces exist through which water spray could flow into the oropharynx (Figure 2). In the typodont, various spaces exist that may skew the spatter pattern or volume of spray. Placement of the vinyl polysiloxane putty allowed for a closer approximation to in vivo conditions.

Placement of the Isolite system (Isolite Systems, Santa Barbara, Calif.) in the mouth, showing close adaptation to the oral soft tissues. Image of the Isolite system reproduced with permission of Isolite Systems, Santa Barbara, Calif.

We oriented the orifice of the HVE to be parallel to and 1 centimeter from the buccal surface of the experimental tooth during the control and dental dam trials (Figure 3). We used water and air spray to approximate the aerosol plume produced during operative dental procedures, and we used one high-speed handpiece (KaVo INTRAmatic LUX 3 25LHA, KaVo Dental). The handpiece was operated at the maximum torque and rotation speed of 200,000 revolutions per minute for 10 seconds. We set the water flow through the handpiece at 25 milliliters/minute19 (link), 20 (link) and set the air pressure to achieve a normal aerosol plume. We measured the rate of suction of the HVE and the Isolite device by inserting each into a 2-liter graduated cylinder filled with 2,000 mL of water. The HVE cleared all water in the cylinder in 14 seconds, equating to a rate of 142.9 mL/second. The Isolite device cleared all water in the cylinder in 35 seconds, equating to a rate of 57.1 mL/second. We conducted all 72 trials (as described later) in one session and did not adjust any settings.

Experimental setup for the dental dam with a high-volume evacuator. Note the proximity of the high-volume evacuator to the buccal surface of the tooth.

The control consisted of a simulated preparation on teeth nos. 18, 19 and 20, with a bite block in place and an HVE positioned adjacent to the operative site as described earlier. The first experimental condition consisted of a simulated tooth preparation with use of a bite block, a dental dam and the HVE. The second experimental condition consisted of a simulated tooth preparation and use of the Isolite system set at maximum strength. The Isolite system is designed to provide simultaneous isolation of the maxillary and mandibular quadrants with use of a mouthpiece that has flexible flanges. The system also provides illumination and is used to aspirate oral fluids. The dental dam trials involved the use of a standard 6-inch non-latex dental dam punched with three holes to isolate teeth nos. 18, 19 and 20 for each trial.
We added a 0.1 percent fluorescein dye solution (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis) to the dental unit water supply. During the simulated tooth preparation procedure, the water spray aerosolized and scattered away from the test tooth; the resulting spatter settled outside of the typodont mouth and onto the paper-covered platform. We removed the bulletin board paper after each trial and allowed it to dry thoroughly. We then numbered each sheet of paper randomly so that scoring would be masked.
We constructed a 5–square centimeter overlay grid with the use of framer's string fixed tightly at 5-cm intervals. We placed the grid on each sheet of paper. We held a light-emitting diode dental curing light (Demi, Kerr, Orange, Calif.) (emitting blue light with a spectral range of between 425 and 500 nanometers) 8 cm from the surface of the paper and used it to fluoresce the spatter droplets that had collected. When viewed through amber-colored protective glasses, the fluorescence was visualized easily (Figure 4). If the operator (M.C.H., J.M.L.) found even one spot of fluorescence within a 5-cm2 grid, he scored the sample as being contaminated. The operator then counted the number of squares with contamination to determine the amount of spatter produced in each trial.

Fluorescent spatter with overlay grid. The image is from one of the control trials for tooth no. 18.

To achieve a power of 0.80 (effect size = 0.20; P < .05), 24 trials in each group were necessary. Therefore, we conducted eight trials for each of the three teeth tested in each group (that is, the control and two experimental groups). This resulted in a total of 72 trials for the experiment. Two graders (M.C.H., J.M.L.) each scored 36 trials. To analyze the data, we conducted a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the use of statistical software (PASW statistics 18.0.0, IBM, Armonk, N.Y.). The results of the ANOVA indicated both significant main effects and interaction effects. We subsequently conducted a post hoc Tukey honestly significant difference test for the main effects, and we used a Bonferroni correction to evaluate pairwise comparisons of the interaction effects.
Publication 2012

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Publication 2009

Most recents protocols related to «Vinyl polysiloxane»

The amounts of 1 g of vinyl PDMS, 0.8 g of deionized water, and 0.2 g of triton X-100 (its chemical structure is shown in Figure S3) were added to the reactor. Two drops of poly(methylhydrosiloxane) were added as a cross-linking agent, and they were then placed into an ultrasonic cell pulverizer for ultrasonic treatment until a uniform emulsion was formed. At this time, the mass ratio of polysiloxane, water, and emulsifier in the emulsion was 5:4:1, and the sample was recorded as W4-SR. Then, two kinds of emulsions with different water contents were prepared, and the deionized water in the above step was changed from 0.8 g to 1.2 g and 1.6 g. At this time, the ratio of polysiloxane, water, and emulsifier was 5:6:1 and 5:8:1, respectively, and the samples were recorded as W6-SR and W8-SR, respectively. In addition, without adding water, only 1 g of vinyl PDMS, 0.2 g of triton X-100, and two drops of poly(methylhydrosiloxane) were evenly mixed as the control group, and the sample was recorded as W0-SR.
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Publication 2024
The UCS is this study will be the same employed by Seligman et al. [29 ], a 60 psi air puff delivered to a maxillary anterior tooth for 100ms through an personalized dental mouthpiece, fabricated with 3 M™ STD Vinyl Polysiloxane Express Putty. The air puff will reach the mouthpiece through 3/16 inch tubing connected to a California Air Tools 8010 Steel Tank Air Compressor via an AIRSTIM device (San Diego Instruments, San Diego, California, USA). Prior to the experimental task, participants will be informed that the mouthpiece will allow them to experience different sensations on the alien planet. Participants will wear the mouthpiece throughout the experimental task.
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Publication 2024
This study will use a novel dental startle UCS previously described by Seligman et al. [23 ]. This stimulus is a 60 psi air puff that is delivered to a maxillary anterior tooth for 100ms through an individualized dental mouthpiece. The mouthpiece will be fabricated in visit 1 using 3 M™ STD Vinyl Polysiloxane Express Putty. The constructed mouthpiece will be used during the experimental task for all study sessions. The puff of air will be delivered to the mouthpiece with a 3/16 inch wide tubing that will receive pressurized air from a California Air Tools 8010 Steel Tank Air Compressor through an AIRSTIM device (San Diego Instruments, San Diego, California, USA). Participants will be told that the mouthpiece will allow them to experience the diverse sensations that humans can have on the alien planet.
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Publication 2024
Typically, a MXene/water solution with a concentration of 5 mg mL−1 or a specific amount of hyperbranched polysiloxane, containing vinyl and epoxy groups, was added to the HA/water solution with a concentration of 10 mg mL−1, all while stirring for 5 h. This process yielded the formation of HM, HSi, and HMSi inks. These inks were then used to create HM, HSi, and HMSi papers through vacuum filtration of the aforementioned uniform suspension. The resulting papers were subsequently dried in an oven at 50 °C for approximately 12 h. For ease of reference, the composite materials were labeled as HxMy, HxSiy, or HxMySiz, wherein x/y/z represents the mass ratio of the respective components. For instance, H3M3Si2 denotes the nanocomposite paper consisting of 3 parts per hundred (phr) of HA, 3 phr of MXene, and 2 phr of HSi.
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Publication 2024
The experimental system consisted of a specially designed external pressure applicator that can be positioned over the orbit and tightly fixed to a bed frame using an articulated arm (Fig 1). A pressure chamber was attached at the bottom of the external pressure applicator. This chamber was made of a flexible, non-allergenic film and came into contact with the closed eyelid and the surrounding tissues of the orbit. Inside the chamber, water is injected to elevate the external pressure, thereby influencing the IORP and volume. A pressure sensor (HSCDANT001PGSA3, Honeywell, NC, USA) was installed within the external pressure applicator to obtain pressure data, which are transmitted to a laptop for display and analysis. To ensure complete hermetization between the eye socket and the external pressure applicator, a two-component plastic material, vinyl polysiloxane (Panasil putty soft, Kettenbach GmbH, Eschenburg, Germany), was applied around the external pressure applicator.
In the experimental protocol, the external pressure was incrementally raised from 0 to 20 mmHg in steps of 1 mmHg. Subsequently, it was increased from 20 to 30 mmHg in steps of 2 mmHg and then from 30 to 50 mmHg in steps of 5 mmHg. To attain each specific external pressure step in the range of 0 to 50 mmHg, the necessary volume of water was injected into the chamber. At each external pressure step, we maintained a time interval of approximately 10 to 15 seconds to record Codman readings (IORP) and the corresponding volume of injected water. This procedure was considered as the first measurement set. Next, in the second measurement set, we reversed the order of pressure steps by gradually reducing the external pressure from 50 to 0 mmHg by withdrawing water from the chamber using a syringe pump.
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Publication 2024

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Aquasil Ultra Monophase is a high-performance dental impression material designed for accurate and reliable impressions. It is a homogeneous, medium-bodied, vinyl polysiloxane (VPS) impression material that provides exceptional detail reproduction and dimensional stability.
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More about "Vinyl polysiloxane"

Vinyl polysiloxanes, also known as silicone-based polymers or siloxane polymers, are a class of synthetic materials widely used in dental and medical applications.
These versatile compounds are prized for their excellent physical properties, including high elasticity, tear strength, and dimensional stability.
They are commonly used in the production of impression materials, prosthetic devices, and sealants.
The polymerization of vinyl-terminated siloxane monomers, often facilitated by catalysts, is the primary method of vinyl polysiloxane synthesis.
These materials offer a unique balance of biocompatibility, ease of handling, and long-lasting performance, making them an invaluable tool for healthcare professionals and researchers.
PubCompare.ai's innovative platform can help optimize vinyl polysiloxane protocols by providing side-by-side comparisons of the latest literature, preprints, and patents, allowing users to identify the most reproducble and accurate methods for their specific applications.
Manufacturers like VH-7000, 8010 Steel Tank Air Compressor, and AIRSTIM device have developed specialized equipment and materials, such as Aquasil Ultra Monophase, Imprint II Garant, and Express™ XT Putty Quick, to further enhance the performance and versatility of vinyl polysiloxanes.
Additionally, software like AxioVision and Express STD can be utilized to analyze and quantify the properties of these materials.
For applications requiring increased strength or durability, Aquasil Ultra Heavy and UV 2070 Plus may be suitable options.
By leveraging the insights and tools available, researchers and healthcare professionals can unlock the full potential of vinyl polysiloxanes and deliver innovative solutions to their patients and clients.