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Chloroacetic acid

Chloroacetic acid is a halogenated organic compound with the chemical formula CH2ClCOOH.
It is a colorless, crystalline solid that is soluble in water and commonly used in various chemical and industrial processes.
Chloroacetic acid finds applications in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other functional materials.
Researchers can utilize PubCompare.ai to easily locate protocols from literature, preprints, and patents related to chloroacetic acid, while comparing them to identify the best options for reproducibility and accuracy, thereby enhancing their research efforts.

Most cited protocols related to «Chloroacetic acid»

Nanoworms were synthesized using a one-pot Molday and MacKenzie (52 (link)) precipitation method as described by us previously (35 (link)). The main variation of the protocol was the ratio of dextran and iron salts in the reaction as described in Figure 1. The molar ratio between Fe2+ and Fe3+ was kept the same. After the synthesis, particles were dialyzed in double distilled water, filtered through a 0.45-μm filter (Millipore), and stored at 4°C. TEM imaging was conducted to visualize the iron oxide core using FEI Tecnai Spirit BioTwin electron microscope (Electron Microscopy Facility at the University of Colorado Boulder). Size and zeta potential measurements of NPs were determined using a Zetasizer Nano ZS (Malvern Instruments Ltd., Malvern, UK). The intensity weighted size distribution peak value was used to report hydrodynamic diameters of NWs.
For dextran shell crosslinking with epichlorohydrin, a two-step procedure was used as described before (35 (link)). For modification of dextran hydroxyls, SPIO NWs prepared at low dextran/Fe ratio (3 g dextran per 133.4 mg Fe salts), or the corresponding crosslinked CL-NWs were washed by ultracentrifugation in anhydrous DMSO two times and resuspended in anhydrous DMSO at 5.0 mg/mL (Fe concentration) in a borosilicate glass vial in the presence of 1 mg/mL of 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP). Then, 2 mg/mL of 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)acetyl chloride or 2 mg/mL of 2-methoxyethoxymethyl chloride were added to the nanoparticles under stirring. Nanoparticles were incubated under nitrogen atmosphere with stirring at 37°C overnight, washed 3× in DMSO, 2× in DDW by ultracentrifugation, and resuspended in PBS for complement measurement. For modification with acetic anhydride, chloroacetic acid, or chloroethanesulfonic acid, CL-NWs were resuspended in DDW at 5 mg/mL (Fe concentration), stirred for 30 min in 2N NaOH solution, and then reacted with acetic anhydride (5% v/v), chloroacetic acid (5 mg/mL), or chloroethanesulfonic acid (5 mg/mL) at 37°C overnight with stirring. The particles were washed by ultracentrifugation and resuspended in PBS.
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Publication 2016
acetic anhydride acetyl chloride Acids Anabolism Atmosphere chloroacetic acid Dextran Electron Microscopy Epichlorohydrin ferric oxide Hydrodynamics Hydroxyl Radical Iron methoxyethoxymethyl chloride Molar Nitrogen Salts Sulfoxide, Dimethyl Ultracentrifugation
Poly-amino acid coupled silk fibroin was obtained by first enriching the carboxyl content of the molecule, then coupling poly-lysine hydrobromide and poly-glutamic acid sodium salt, respectively, to silk fibroin via carbodiimide mediated chemistry. Specifically, 6–7% w/v silk fibroin solution in 100 mM borate buffer pH 9.0 was reacted with 40 mM diazonium salt in order to introduce carboxyl groups on the tyrosine residues of silk16 (link). The reaction product was purified by using NAP-25 (VWR International, West Chester, PA) desalting columns. The resulting solution was then reacted with 1M chloroacetic acid for 1h at room temperature under magnetic stirring to add carboxyl functionalities on the serine residues. The product was purified by dialysis (MWCO 3,500) for 72 h. The resulting solution was then divided into three equal amounts. To one part 1g of poly-lysine hydrobromide was added, the pH of the solution was adjusted to 6.0, then 30 mg of EDC was added. The reaction was carried out for 4h at room temperature under gentle magnetic stirring then dialyzed (MWCO 20,000) for 72 h. The same protocol was followed for obtaining the poly-glutamate derived silk fibroin. One part of the solution was used as a control reaction, for which the above protocol was followed, without the addition of poly-amino acids.
Publication 2010
Amino Acids Borates Buffers Carbodiimides chloroacetic acid Dialysis Fibroins Glutamates Glutamic Acid Lysine Poly A Serine Sodium Sodium Chloride Tyrosine

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Publication 2009
Acid Hybridizations, Nucleic Acrylamide Bistris Buffers CD3EAP protein, human chloroacetic acid Gels Proteins
A single ant was quickly frozen using liquid N2. The brain of a frozen ant was dissected out in the ice-cold ant saline (128.3 mM NaCl, 4.7 mM KCl, 1.63 mM CaCl2, 6 mM NaHCO3, 0.32 mM NaH2PO4, 82.8 mM trehalose, pH 7.4). A single brain of a queen was collected into a micro glass homogenizer and homogenized in 50 µl of ice-cold 0.1 M perchloric acid containing 5 ng of 3, 4-dihydroxybenzylamine (DHBA, SIGMA, St Louis, MO, USA) as an internal standard. After centrifugation of the homogenate (0°C, 15000 rpm, 30 min), 40 µl of supernatant was collected. Biogenic amine in the brain was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical detection (ECD). The HPLC-ECD system was composed of a pump (EP-300, EICOM Co., Kyoto, Japan), an auto-sample injector (M-504, EICOM Co., Kyoto, Japan) and a C18 reversed-phase column (250 mm×4.6 mm internal diameter, 5 µm average particle size, CAPCELL PAK C18MG, Shiseido, Tokyo, Japan) heated to 30°C in the column oven. A glass carbon electrode (WE-GC, EICOM Co.) was used for electrochemical detection (ECD-100, EICOM Co.). The detector potential was set at 890 mV versus an Ag/AgCl reference electrode, which was also maintained at 30°C in a column oven. The mobile phase containing 0.18 M chloroacetic acid and 16 µM disodium EDTA was adjusted to pH 3.6 with NaOH. Sodium-1-octanesulfonate at 1.85 mM as an ion-pair reagent and CH3CN at 8.40% (v/v) as an organic modifier were added into the mobile phase solution. The flow rate was kept at 0.7 ml/min. The chromatographs were acquired using the computer program PowerChrom (eDAQ Pty Ltd, Denistone East, NSW, Australia). The supernatants of samples were injected directly onto the HPLC column. After the acquisition, they were processed to obtain the level of biogenic amines in the same sample by the ratio of the peak area of substances to the internal standard DHBA. We used a standard mixture for quantitative determination that contained amines, precursors and metabolites. Twenty compounds at 100 ng/ml each were DL-3, 4-Dihydroxy mandelic acid (DOMA), L-β-3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA), L-Tyrosin (Tyr), N-acetyloctopamine (Nac-OA), (−)-noradrenaline (NA), 5-Hydroxy-L-tryptophan (5HTP), (−)-adrenaline (A), DL-Octopamine (OA), 3,4-Dihydroxybenzylamine (DHBA, as an internal standard), 3,4-Dihydroxy phenylacetic acid (DOPAC), N-acetyldopamine (Nac-DA), 3,4-Dihydroxyphenethylamine (DA), 5-Hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5HIAA), N-acetyltyramine (Nac-TA), N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine (Nac-5HT), Tyramine (TA), L-Tryptophan (Trp), 3-Methoxytyramine (3MTA), 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5HT), 6-Hydroxymelatonin (6HM). Nac-OA Nac-DA and Nac-TA were synthesized by Dr. Matsuo (Keio University, Japan). All other substances were purchased from SIGMA.
Differences in the levels of biogenic amines were tested using Student’s t-test (P<0.05).
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Publication 2012
GO sheets were exfoliated from natural graphite according to the modified Hummers’ method12 29 . GO-COOH was synthesized under strongly basic condition to convert hydroxyl groups to carboxylic acid moieties by activating the GO sample with chloroacetic acid (ClCH2CO2H)12 . In a typical process, 1.2 g of chloroacetic acid, 1 g of NaOH and 50 mg of GO were added to 100 mL DI water and then sonicated for 3 h to speed up the elimination of sodium chloride. The resulting GO-COOH solution was neutralized by HNO3, and purified with acetone and water for several times.
For the synthesis of GO-COOH-CuS nanocomposite, we herein developed a facile and scalable method to anchor CuS nanoparticles (NPs) on large GO-COOH sheets at room temperature. Briefly, various amounts (1 mL, 5 mL, 10 mL and 20 mL) of 1 mg mL−1 GO-COOH solution were mixed with 1 mmol of Cu(NO3)2, 1 mmol of C2H5NS and 10 mL of DMSO. DMSO acted as a solvent and co-reactant to furnish the sulfur source in the form of H2S. The mixture was stirred for 24 h at ambient temperature to ensure CuS NPs anchored on GO-COOH sheets. The products were centrifuged and rinsed with acetone, ethanol and DI water several times to remove the residual. The resulting solid samples were freeze-dried for 2 h under −50 °C to obtain the final GO-COOH-CuS catalysts. Here, the samples prepared by addition of various amounts GO-COOH solutions (1 mL, 5 mL, 10 mL and 20 mL) were named as GO-COOH-CuS-1, GO-COOH-CuS-5, GO-COOH-CuS-10 and GO-COOH-CuS-20, respectively. The synthesis process is illustrated in Fig. 13.
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Publication 2015
Acetone Anabolism chloroacetic acid Ethanol Freezing Graphite Hydroxy Acids Sodium Chloride Solvents Sulfoxide, Dimethyl Sulfur

Most recents protocols related to «Chloroacetic acid»

Not available on PMC !
Pullulan, polyethyleneimine (PEI), 1-anilino-8-naphthalene sulfonic acid (ANS), sodium cyanoborohydride, chloroacetic acid and sodium periodate were purchased from Sigma (USA). All other reagents were of analytical grade.
Publication 2024
Not available on PMC !
Alkyl esters of chloroacetic acid, 1-decyl chloroacetate and 1-dodecyl chloroacetate were synthesized as follows (Scheme 1). Chloroacetyl chloride (13.5 g, 0.12 mol) was added dropwise to the stirred mixture of the corresponding alcohol (0.1 mol) and potassium carbonate (14 g, 0.1 mol) in dry benzene (100 mL). The reaction was carried out for 6 h at room temperature. After completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was washed successively with water (3x200 mL), saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (300 mL) and water until a neutral pH was reached. The organic layer was separated and dried over calcium chloride overnight. Benzene was distilled, residual solvent was removed in vacuum 10 mbar at 60 °С. Alkyl esters of chloroacetic acid were obtained as transparent liquids.
Decyl chloroacetate
Publication 2024
Polyethylene glycol 400 (0.01 mol) and chloroacetic acid (0.022 mol) were refluxed at 110 °C in the presence of toluene as a solvent and 0.001 wt% P-toluene sulfonic acid. The reaction was finished when the theoretical amount of water was removed. The solvent was vacuum evaporated to obtain a dark brown liquid, product (1).
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Publication 2024
Ti2AlN (99.8%) was purchased from Jiangsu Xianfeng Nano-Technology Co., Ltd, located in Jiangsu Province, China. Chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) was purchased from TaKaRa (Shanghai, China). Potassium fluoride (KF), hydrochloric acid (HCl, 35–38%), deionized water, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), sodium borohydride (NaBH4), chloroacetic acid (CH2COOH), 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA, 99.8%), cyanuric acid (99.8%), isopropanol (99.8%) were purchased from Aladdin. Melamine monoamide (99.7%), diamide cyanate (99.7%), dicyanamide (99.7%), and cypromazine (99.7%) were purchased from Macklin.
Publication 2024
Compounds 123 were synthesized and characterized as published in Mendes et al. [18 (link)]. Briefly, a series of substituted aromatic isocyanides, benzaldehydes, and aniline derivatives were reacted with chloroacetic acid through Ugi four-component reactions to produce a series of the corresponding Ugi adducts [17 (link)]. Such adducts were subsequently subjected to cyclization through intramolecular N-alkylation to produce the corresponding 2,5-DKPs. As depicted in the scheme of Table 1, 2,5-Diketopiperazines were obtained from substituted aromatic isocyanides, benzaldehydes, aniline derivatives, and chloroacetic acid through intramolecular N-alkylation of Ugi adducts. The chemical structures of all 2,5-DKPs were undoubtedly confirmed by spectrometric, spectroscopic, and crystallography experiments. All data (FT-IR-ATR, 1 D and 2 D NMR, IEMS, HRMS, and X-ray crystallographic data) are presented and discussed in [18 (link)]. For activity tests in bioassays, the compounds were dissolved in DMSO at concentrations of 20 mg/mL, and their identity and purity were confirmed by UHPLC-HRMS.
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Publication 2024

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Chloroacetic acid is a chemical compound used as a laboratory reagent. It is a colorless, crystalline solid with a pungent odor. Chloroacetic acid serves as a common precursor for the synthesis of various organic compounds in chemical research and development.
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The XBridge C18 is a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) column designed for reversed-phase separation of a wide range of analytes. It features a silica-based stationary phase with a C18 alkyl bonding for effective retention and separation of both polar and non-polar compounds.
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Sodium hydroxide is a chemical compound with the formula NaOH. It is a white, odorless, crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water and is a strong base. It is commonly used in various laboratory applications as a reagent.
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Hydrochloric acid is a commonly used laboratory reagent. It is a clear, colorless, and highly corrosive liquid with a pungent odor. Hydrochloric acid is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride gas.
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Sodium hydroxide is a chemical compound with the formula NaOH. It is a white, crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water. Sodium hydroxide has a wide range of applications in various industries, including as a pH regulator, cleaning agent, and chemical intermediate.
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Trichloroacetic acid is a colorless, crystalline chemical compound used in various laboratory applications. It serves as a reagent and is commonly employed in analytical chemistry and biochemistry procedures. The compound's primary function is to precipitate proteins, making it a useful tool for sample preparation and analysis.
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Hydrogen peroxide is a clear, colorless liquid chemical compound with the formula H2O2. It is a common laboratory reagent used for its oxidizing properties.
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Dichloroacetic acid is a chemical compound commonly used in laboratory settings. It is a colorless, hygroscopic liquid with a sharp, pungent odor. Dichloroacetic acid is soluble in water and various organic solvents. Its primary function is as a reagent in chemical analysis, reactions, and synthesis procedures.
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The Luna C18 is a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) column designed for the separation and analysis of a wide range of compounds. It features a spherical silica-based stationary phase with chemically bonded C18 functional groups, providing excellent retention and selectivity for non-polar and moderately polar analytes.
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Hydrochloric acid is a chemical compound with the formula HCl. It is a colorless, corrosive liquid that can be used in various industrial processes.

More about "Chloroacetic acid"

Chloroacetic acid, also known as monochloroacetic acid or MCAA, is a halogenated organic compound with the chemical formula CH2ClCOOH.
It is a colorless, crystalline solid that is soluble in water and commonly used in various chemical and industrial processes.
Chloroacetic acid is a versatile compound that finds applications in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other functional materials.
One of the key applications of chloroacetic acid is in the production of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.
It is used as a building block in the synthesis of various drug molecules and pesticides.
For example, chloroacetic acid can be used to produce herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides, making it an important raw material for the agrochemical industry.
In addition to its use in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, chloroacetic acid is also utilized in the production of other functional materials.
It can be used in the manufacture of various polymers, dyes, and other specialty chemicals.
The compound's versatility and wide range of applications make it an important chemical in the chemical industry.
Researchers can utilize PubCompare.ai, an AI-driven platform, to easily locate protocols related to chloroacetic acid from literature, preprints, and patents.
This tool allows researchers to compare these protocols and identify the best options for reproducibility and accuracy, thereby enhancing their research efforts.
When working with chloroacetic acid, researchers may also encounter related compounds such as XBridge C18, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, trichloroacetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and dichloroacetic acid.
These compounds may be used in various steps of the research process, such as purification, analysis, or synthesis.
By utilizing the insights and tools provided by PubCompare.ai, researchers can optimize their chloroacetic acid research and enhance the overall quality and efficiency of their work.