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Lambda-cyhalothrin

Lambda-cyhalothrin is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide used to control a variety of agricultural pests.
It is effective against a wide range of insects, including aphids, lepidopteran larvae, and beetles.
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Most cited protocols related to «Lambda-cyhalothrin»

1
Malaria Transmission Dynamics in Tanzania
The study was conducted in Namawala and Idete villages, located in the Kilombero Valley (8.1°S and 36.6°E) in south-eastern Tanzania (Figure 1). These communities experience hyper endemic malaria transmission [25 (link)], mostly transmitted by large populations of mosquitoes from the Anopheles gambiae sensu lato complex (Diptera: Culicidae) [26 (link),27 ]. In this area, this species complex is represented by two morphologically identical, but behaviourally distinctive, sibling species: A. gambiae sensu stricto (hereafter referred to as A. gambiae) and Anopheles arabiensis. A third, locally important vector species is Anopheles funestus. The ecosystem is dominated by a low lying river valley, 150 km long and up to 40 km wide, which is inter-dispersed with villages and rice farms. Annual flooding occurs during the rainy season (December - May) when large tracts of aquatic habitat suitable for immature mosquitoes are formed.
The epidemiology of malaria in the study villages has been well characterised over the past 15 years [e.g. [21 (link),22 (link),28 (link)-34 (link)]. Extremely high transmission intensities were recorded during the 1990s [21 (link)]. Since 1997, various cost-sharing schemes for subsidizing and promoting bed nets, as well as home insecticide treatment kits have been implemented in an effort to alleviate the malaria burden. The crux of the various programmes has been the generic branding of recommended nets and insecticides products which were sold in line with a price-fixing scheme that reflected a public subsidy (34% of retail value at US $5). To improve access to vulnerable pregnant women and infants, a further subsidy (17% of retail value) was provided through the use of a voucher scheme. The pregnant women and mothers of young children who attended antenatal or immunisation clinics were entitled to a discount voucher.
The initial pilot programme, KINET, distributed bed nets within the Kilombero Valley and achieved remarkably high bed net coverage of all community members [16 (link),22 (link),25 (link),35 (link)-37 (link)]. Although all KINET distributed bed nets were pre-treated with 20 mg/m2 deltamethrin [37 (link)], by 2001, insecticide levels had fallen below 5% and most nets were in poor condition containing many holes [22 (link),38 (link)]. Various national-scale distribution programmes have been implemented, commencing with PSI's Social Marketing of Insecticide Treated Nets (SMITN) programme which was run at a regional-scale during 1998-2000 and a national-scale during 2000-02 and promoted the use of nets and standard insecticide treatment kits (KO Tab, Icon® and Fendona). The sequential programme was SMARTNET from 2002, which the Tanzanian National Voucher Scheme (TNVS) was built upon in 2004. SMARTNET ensured that all bed nets manufactured in Tanzania were co-packaged with longer-lasting insecticide treatment kits, which were registered for use from 2004 onwards (Initially: KO Tab 123, target dose: 25 mg deltamethrin/m2 [39 (link),40 (link)]; and from 2008: Icon® MAXX, target dose: 50 mg lambda-cyhalothrin/m2 [41 ]).
Russell T.L., Lwetoijera D.W., Maliti D., Chipwaza B., Kihonda J., Charlwood J.D., Smith T.A., Lengeler C., Mwanyangala M.A., Nathan R., Knols B.G., Takken W, & Killeen G.F. (2010). Impact of promoting longer-lasting insecticide treatment of bed nets upon malaria transmission in a rural Tanzanian setting with pre-existing high coverage of untreated nets. Malaria Journal, 9, 187.
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Publication 2010
Anopheles Anopheles gambiae Child Cloning Vectors Culicidae decamethrin Diptera Ecosystem Fendona Generic Drugs Infant Insecticides lambda-cyhalothrin Malaria Mothers Oryza sativa Population Group Pregnant Women Rain Rivers SELL protein, human SLC6A2 protein, human Transmission, Communicable Disease Vaccination
2
Insecticide Resistance Profiling in Southeast Asia
From 2003 until 2005, adult mosquitoes were collected by different collection methods (indoor and outdoor human landing collection, collection on cattle and morning resting collections inside houses) in Cambodia, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam. Mosquitoes were identified morphologically in the field by use of a standardized key for medically important anophelines of south-east Asia [13 ]. Anopheles dirus s.l., An. epiroticus, An. minimus s.l. and An. vagus were subjected to the standard WHO bioassay the morning after the night collection. The first three test species are the main targets of the vector control programmes in the Mekong region. Anopheles vagus, which is a potential vector in south-east Asia, was included as indicator species. Larvae of this species are found in a large variety of sun-exposed breeding sites such as small pools, hoof prints, puddles, ditches often containing foul water and rice fields [14 -16 (link)]. They are often found in the vicinity of human dwellings and are likely to be exposed to insecticides from agriculture activities.
Bioassays were performed on adult mosquitoes using the standard WHO susceptibility test with diagnostic concentrations of permethrin 0.75% and DDT 4% [12 ]. Additional tests were done with insecticides applied by the different national malaria control programmes: lambda-cyhalothrin 0.05% and deltamethrin 0.05% in Cambodia, alpha-cypermethrin 0.082% (30 mg/m2) and deltamethrin 0.05% in Laos, deltamethrin 0.05% in Thailand, and alpha-cypermethrin 0.082% (30 mg/m2), lambda-cyhalothrin 0.05% and deltamethrin 0.05% in Vietnam. Nowadays only pyrethroids are being applied in malaria vector control, but DDT was tested because it has been intensively used for vector control in the past. Moreover, it can be used for exploring cross-resistance with other insecticides, such as pyrethroids. All control and insecticide-impregnated papers were supplied by the Vector Control Research Unit, Universiti Sains Malaysia and were not used more than five times. Mosquitoes were exposed for 60 minutes in tubes places in vertical position. During exposure the number of mosquitoes knocked down was recorded after 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 min. After exposure, mosquitoes were kept under observation for 24 h, supplied with 10% sugar solution and mortality was read after this 24 h period.
Adults could not always be collected in appropriate numbers (minimum 80) during one night so that replicates were tested over different days. Each day a control was tested alongside the exposure tubes. The bioassay result was corrected using the Abbott formula when the control mortality was between 5 and 20% [12 ]. Results were excluded from further analysis when the mortality in the controls exceeded 20%. A weighted mean was applied to summarize the mortality over different consecutive days. Weights were proportional to the number of specimens tested per day. The bioassay results were summarized in three resistance classes as defined by WHO [12 ]: (1) susceptible when mortality was 98% or higher, (2) possible resistant when mortality was between 97 and 80%, and (3) resistant when the mortality was lower than 80%.
Where possible bioassays were repeated in a different season or years (details can be found in the additional file). Larvae of An. epiroticus and An. minimus were collected in sites where resistance was detected and reared to adults to confirm the results of bioassays done on mosquitoes from the adult collection methods. Only a limited number of sites could be confirmed but the number of tested mosquitoes exceeded always 100.
Van Bortel W., Trung H.D., Thuan L.K., Sochantha T., Socheat D., Sumrandee C., Baimai V., Keokenchanh K., Samlane P., Roelants P., Denis L., Verhaeghen K., Obsomer V, & Coosemans M. (2008). The insecticide resistance status of malaria vectors in the Mekong region. Malaria Journal, 7, 102.
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Publication 2008
Adult alpha-cypermethrin Anopheles Biological Assay Carbohydrates Cattle Cloning Vectors Culicidae decamethrin Homo sapiens Hoof Insecticides lambda-cyhalothrin Larva Malaria Oryza sativa Permethrin Pneumogastric Nerve Pyrethroids Susceptibility, Disease Tests, Diagnostic
3
LLINs and IRS Distribution in Uganda
Prior to 2012, a number of sub-national LLIN distribution campaigns were carried out in Uganda. From September 2012 through August 2014, the government of Uganda carried out a countrywide mass distribution of free LLINs. An estimated 21 million LLINs were distributed, with the goal of achieving universal coverage with at least one LLIN for every two people. For our study sites, LLINs were distributed during November 2013 in Jinja and Tororo Districts, which included Walukuba and Nagongera, and during June 2014 in Kanungu District, which included Kihihi. Data on the population at risk and the number of LLINs distributed at our study sites were obtained from the Ugandan National Malaria Control Program (NMCP).
In 2006, Uganda initiated an IRS program, initially focusing on epidemic-prone areas in the southwestern part of the country. In 2009, the IRS program was moved to ten northern districts with high transmission intensity. In 2014–2015, the IRS program was moved to 14 districts in the Lango, Bukedi, and Teso sub-regions located in the central and eastern part of the country [13 ]. With respect to our study sites, Walukuba sub-county has not received IRS, and Kihihi sub-county received a single round of IRS using the pyrethroid lambda-cyhalothrin in February–March 2007. In Tororo District, including Nagongera sub-county, the first round of IRS using the carbamate bendiocarb was delivered in December 2014–February 2015, a second round in June–July 2015, and a third round in November–December 2015, with plans to continue IRS every 6 mo for at least 3 y. Data on the number of households targeted and the number that received IRS in Nagongera were obtained from the Ugandan NMCP.
Katureebe A., Zinszer K., Arinaitwe E., Rek J., Kakande E., Charland K., Kigozi R., Kilama M., Nankabirwa J., Yeka A., Mawejje H., Mpimbaza A., Katamba H., Donnelly M.J., Rosenthal P.J., Drakeley C., Lindsay S.W., Staedke S.G., Smith D.L., Greenhouse B., Kamya M.R, & Dorsey G. (2016). Measures of Malaria Burden after Long-Lasting Insecticidal Net Distribution and Indoor Residual Spraying at Three Sites in Uganda: A Prospective Observational Study. PLoS Medicine, 13(11), e1002167.
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Publication 2016
bendiocarb Carbamates Epidemics Households Infantile Neuroaxonal Dystrophy lambda-cyhalothrin Malaria Pyrethroids Transmission, Communicable Disease
4
Prenatal Pesticide Exposure Estimation
We estimated agricultural pesticide use near each woman’s residence during pregnancy using California PUR data from 1999–2001 (CDPR 2015 ). We selected potentially neurotoxic pesticides with agricultural use in our study area (Monterey County, CA) during the prenatal period, including fifteen OPs and six carbamates (see Table S1), two manganese (Mn)-based fungicides (maneb and mancozeb), eight pyrethroids (permethrin, cypermethrin, tau-fluvalinate, cyfluthrin, fenpropathrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, bifenthrin, and esfenvalerate), and one neonicotinoid (imidacloprid). The PUR data include the amount (in kilograms) of active ingredient applied, the application date, and the location, defined as a 1-mi2 section ( 1.6km×1.6km ) defined by the Public Land Survey System (PLSS). We edited the PUR data to correct for likely outliers that had unusually high application rates by replacing the amount of pesticide applied based on the median application rate for that pesticide and crop combination (Gunier et al. 2001 (link)). For each woman, we estimated the amount of all pesticides in each pesticide class used within a 1-km radius of the pregnant woman’s residence using the latitude and longitude coordinates and a geographic information system. In all cases, the 1-km buffer around the home included more than one PLSS section; thus, we weighted the amount of pesticide applied in each section by the proportion of land area that was included in the buffer. We selected a 1-km buffer distance for this analysis because it best captures the spatial scale most strongly correlated with measured agricultural pesticide concentrations in house-dust samples (Harnly et al. 2009 (link); Gunier et al. 2011 (link)). Detailed descriptions of the equations and methods that we used to calculate nearby pesticide use have been published previously (Gunier et al. 2011 (link)). We estimated pesticide use within 1 km of the maternal residence during each trimester of pregnancy for participants with residential location information available for two or more trimesters ( n=283 ) and computed the average pesticide use during pregnancy by summing the trimester-specific values and dividing by the number of trimesters included. We also created individual variables for nearby use of each of the five individual OP pesticides (acephate, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, malathion, and oxydemeton-methyl) with the highest use in our study area during the prenatal period (Table S1).
Gunier R.B., Bradman A., Harley K.G., Kogut K, & Eskenazi B. (2017). Prenatal Residential Proximity to Agricultural Pesticide Use and IQ in 7-Year-Old Children. Environmental Health Perspectives, 125(5), 057002.
Publication 2017
acephate bifenthrin Buffers Carbamates Chlorpyrifos Chondrodysplasia Punctata, Rhizomelic Crop, Avian cyfluthrin cypermethrin Diazinon fenpropathrin fluvalinate House Dust imidacloprid Industrial Fungicides lambda-cyhalothrin Malathion mancozeb Maneb Manganese Neonicotinoids Neurotoxicity Syndromes oxydemeton-methyl Permethrin Pesticides Pregnancy Pregnant Women pydrin, (S-(R*,R*))-isomer Pyrethroids Radius Woman
5
Insecticide Resistance in Anopheles Mosquitoes
We conducted a range of experiments on resistant Anopheles from the laboratory and field. We conducted experiments on a total of five laboratory strains, although because of idiosyncrasies in rearing, not all strains were available in sufficient numbers to be used in all experiments. The laboratory strains of mosquitoes were reared and maintained according to the standard procedures of the Vector Control Research Laboratory (VCRL) in Johannesburg, South Africa, described in Hunt et al. (2005). Strains differed by species and by insecticide resistance selection background: Anopheles arabiensis, SENN‐BASE and SENN‐DDT; An. funestus, FUMOZ‐BASE and FUMOZ‐R; and An. gambiae, TONGS.
SENN‐BASE, originating from Sennar, Sudan, has been maintained at the VCRL since 1990. SENN‐BASE exhibits moderate resistance to pyrethroids only (Oliver & Brooke, 2016). SENN‐DDT was established in 1995 by selecting SENN‐BASE for resistance to DDT: each generation, the survivors of an hour‐long exposure to 4% DDT are allowed to breed and start the next generation (Oliver & Brooke, 2014). SENN‐DDT is resistant to DDT, permethrin, deltamethrin, and malathion due to increased detoxification enzyme activity and fixation of the L1014F kdr mutation (Oliver & Brooke, 2013, 2014).
FUMOZ‐BASE and FUMOZ‐R are An. funestus strains from southern Mozambique that have been maintained at the VCRL since 2000. Selection of the FUMOZ‐BASE strain with 0.1% lambda‐cyhalothrin, a pyrethroid, from 2000 to 2005 generated the FUMOZ‐R strain, which has increased resistance to pyrethroids and carbamates (Hunt et al., 2005), which is still present in FUMOZ‐BASE (Venter et al., 2017). No kdr alleles are present in either strain (Okoye, Brooke, Hunt, & Coetzee, 2007), so the resistance is due to metabolic changes (Amenya et al., 2008; Wondji et al., 2009).
TONGS is an Anopheles gambiae s.s. strain colonized in 2010 from mosquitoes collected in Tongon, Côte d'Ivoire. The colony is resistant to pyrethroids, DDT, carbamates, and organophosphates, but the resistance mechanisms remain unidentified (Venter et al., 2017).
We conducted additional laboratory studies on one field strain collected from Palmeíra, Mozambique (25°15′49.5″S, 32°52′13.8″E). On two mornings (between 7 and 11 a.m.), bloodfed female anophelines were collected from human dwellings using mouth aspirators. In the CISM insectary in Manhiça, mosquitoes were provided an oviposition substrate and ad lib access to sugar water for four nights. On the fifth or sixth nights after collection, females were deprived of sugar for about twelve hours before being used in experiments.
These field‐collected females were identified morphologically as An. funestus. Due to the nature of field collections, the females were of unknown age and insecticide exposure history. The exact resistance profile was also unknown, although resistance testing of the offspring of females collected in 2013 from the same location using the WHO tube bioassay indicated high‐level resistance to deltamethrin (Glunt et al., 2015), as did CDC bottle bioassays using field‐collected females (5% mortality at diagnostic concentration, 68% mortality at 10X; S Huijben, unpublished data).
We also conducted experimental hut studies at the M'bé field station, near Bouake in central Côte d'Ivoire. The malaria vectors in this location are dominated by An. gambiae s.s. (99% M‐form, now classified as An. coluzzi) and exhibit intense pyrethroid resistance due to both kdr and metabolic mechanisms (Koffi, Ahoua Alou, Adja, Chandre, & Pennetier, 2013; Koffi et al., 2015). CDC assays indicate >1,700‐fold resistance to deltamethrin relative to a standard susceptible strain (see Supporting Information).
Glunt K.D., Coetzee M., Huijben S., Koffi A.A., Lynch P.A., N'Guessan R., Oumbouke W.A., Sternberg E.D, & Thomas M.B. (2017). Empirical and theoretical investigation into the potential impacts of insecticide resistance on the effectiveness of insecticide‐treated bed nets. Evolutionary Applications, 11(4), 431-441.
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Publication 2017
Alleles Anopheles Anopheles gambiae Biological Assay Carbamates Carbohydrates Cloning Vectors Culicidae decamethrin Diagnosis enzyme activity Females Homo sapiens Insecticide Resistance Insecticides lambda-cyhalothrin Malaria Malathion Metabolic Detoxication, Drug Mutation Oral Cavity Organophosphates Oviposition Permethrin Pyrethroids Strains Survivors

Most recents protocols related to «Lambda-cyhalothrin»

1
Evaluation of Lambda-Cyhalothrin Formulation
The lambda-cyhalothrin formulation (2.5% EC, Jaffer Group of Companies, Karachi, Pakistan) containing 2.5% of active ingredient (a.i.) was used in the experiments.
Wakil W., Kavallieratos N.G., Eleftheriadou N., Haider S.A., Qayyum M.A., Tahir M., Rasool K.G., Husain M, & Aldawood A.S. (2024). A winning formula: sustainable control of three stored-product insects through paired combinations of entomopathogenic fungus, diatomaceous earth, and lambda-cyhalothrin. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 31(10), 15364-15378.
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Publication 2024
2
Synthesis of Lambda-Cyhalothrin Microcapsules
The lambda-cyhalothrin microcapsules were prepared by interfacial
polymerization using lambda-cyhalothrin as the core material and MDI
as the wall material. First, Ag-700# was dissolved in deionized water
to form a water phase. 6.67 g of lambda-cyhalothrin (97.5%), 601P,
and MDI were dissolved in the solvent to form an oil phase. The oil
phase was poured into the water phase at a uniform speed and dispersed
into a uniform O/W emulsion through high shear. Then the emulsion
was transferred to a three-neck flask and mechanically stirred at
a stirring speed of 300 rpm. At the same time, GT-34 was dissolved
in deionized water and added to the emulsion at a uniform speed. The
interfacial polymerization was carried out at 50 °C for 3 h.
After the reaction, the polymer shell was completely cured and 6.5%
lambda-cyhalothrin microcapsules were obtained.
Wang L., Liu J., Gao C., Yan X, & Liu J. (2024). Preparation, Characterization, and Bioactivity Evaluation of Lambda-Cyhalothrin Microcapsules for Slow-Controlled Release System. ACS Omega, 9(7), 8229-8238.
Publication 2024
3
Release Kinetics of Lambda-Cyhalothrin Microcapsules
The lambda-cyhalothrin microcapsule release kinetics study was
performed using the dialysis bag method. The purchased dialysis bags
(cutoff molecular weight: 8000–14,000) were cut into small
sections of about 5 cm for pretreatment. An accurately weighed sample
(6.5% lambda-cyhalothrin microcapsule suspension) of 1.0 g was placed
in the dialysis bag, which was immersed in a conical flask containing
50 mL of 50% acetonitrile aqueous solution (v/v) and placed in a 25
± 2 °C double-shaking incubator at 100 rpm for release tests.
An equal amount (1 mL) of media outside the dialysis bag was collected
at different time intervals and supplemented with 1 mL of 50% acetonitrile
aqueous solution, maintaining the volume of the release medium at
50 mL at all times. The sampled solution was passed through an organic
phase microporous filter membrane with a pore size of 0.22 μm.
The content of lambda-cyhalothrin in the filtrate was determined by
HPLC. The cumulative amount of lambda-cyhalothrin released was the
value for lambda-cyhalothrin from the measurement results.
The
cumulative release of lambda-cyhalothrin was calculated by the following eq 4
Here, Ct represents
the concentration of lambda-cyhalothrin in the time t release medium, mt-act represents the cumulative release of lambda-cyhalothrin
at time t, v represents the volume
of the release medium taken out each time (1 mL in this experiment),
and V represents the total volume of the release
medium (50 mL in this experiment).
The cumulative release curves
of the microcapsules were fitted
with the following mathematical models:
(1) Zero order release
model39 (link) where Qt is the release amount of active ingredient at time t, Q0 is the
amount of active ingredient in the release medium, and k0 is the release constant.
(2) First-order release
model40 (link) where Qt is the release amount of active ingredient at time t, Q0 is the initial amount
of active ingredient in the microcapsule sample, and k is the release constant.
(3) Higuchi release model41 (link) where Qt is the release amount of active ingredient at time t, Q0 is the amount of active
ingredient in the release medium, and kH is the release constant.
(4) Ritger–Peppas model42 (link) where Mt is the release amount of active components per unit time t, M∞ is the total amount
of active components in the microcapsule, k is the
release constant, n is the diffusion index, and t is the release time.
Wang L., Liu J., Gao C., Yan X, & Liu J. (2024). Preparation, Characterization, and Bioactivity Evaluation of Lambda-Cyhalothrin Microcapsules for Slow-Controlled Release System. ACS Omega, 9(7), 8229-8238.
Publication 2024
4
Sublethal Effects of Lambda-Cyhalothrin on Stink Bugs
Not available on PMC !
Fifth instar stink bugs were placed on green beans and corn until they moulted to adults. These adults were then used in the study as the F0 generation individuals to ensure that all stink bugs were similar in age prior to exposure to insecticide. The LC 10 and LC 30 obtained from the experiment above were used to evaluate the sublethal effect of lambda-cyhalothrin on B. distincta. The LC 10 and LC 30 were chosen to mimic lower concentrations of lambda-cyhalothrin that may occur in the field following initial insecticide application owing to its degradation by various factors. The two concentrations were prepared in acetone following the method described above, and acetone was used as a control. Adults were exposed via treated glass-vials. After 48 h, male and female survivors of each treatment were paired (1 male and 1 female, 6 pairs per treatment) and transferred to small plastic containers (11 × 11 × 15 cm) with food. Every 2 days, adult mortality and fecundity were recorded. The number of eggs were counted until female adult death. The hatched eggs were recorded, and the nymphs were transferred into small plastic containers. Nymphal stage and survival were checked and recorded every 2 days. Finally, when the nymphs reached the adult stage, the sex ratio was assessed for each treatment. All the experiments were conducted in a climate-controlled chamber (25 ± 2 °C, 20 ± 5% RH, 14 L:10 D) and insects were fed ad libitum with green beans and corn.
Pal E., Allison J.D., Hurley B.P., Slippers B., & Fourie G. (2024). Lethal and sublethal effects of insecticides on Bathycoelia distincta (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). African Entomology, 32.
Publication 2024
5
Quantification of Encapsulated Insecticide
An amount of lambda-cyhalothrin was dissolved in methanol
solution, and the volume was adjusted to 25 mL as a standard solution.
An amount of the microcapsule suspension was weighed and placed into
a 25 mL volumetric flask; an appropriate amount of methanol was added,
and the suspension was then ultrasonically disrupted for 2 h and subsequently
diluted to 25 mL with methanol solution to determine the total content
of lambda-cyhalothrin in the microcapsule suspension (DL) %. An amount
of the sample was tested and mixed with 10 mL of methanol. It was
added to a 20 mL centrifuge tube and centrifuged at 8000 rpm for 5
min. A certain amount of supernatant was aspirated into a 25 mL volumetric
flask, diluted with methanol, and shaken well to determine the content
of lambda-cyhalothrin outside of the microcapsules (X)%. It was filtered
with a 0.22 μm organic phase microporous membrane and put into
an HPLC injection vial, and the free lambda-cyhalothrin content was
determined by HPLC (Agilent 1260, USA). The HPLC separation of lambda-cyhalothrin
was carried out on a Diamonsil-C18 column (4.6 × 250 mm, 5 μm)
with an isocratic elution of methanol-acid water (80/20, v/v) as the
mobile phase. 5 μL of the solution was injected into the HPLC
system and separated at 25 °C using a constant flow rate of 1.0
mL/min at a detection wavelength of 230 nm. The encapsulation efficiency
(EE %)38 (link) of lambda-cyhalothrin was calculated
according to the following eq 3 where Aa is the
peak area of lambda-cyhalothrin in the disrupted microcapsule suspension, Ab is the peak area of lambda-cyhalothrin in
the standard solution, Ac is the peak
area of lambda-cyhalothrin in the extraction solution, ma is the mass of the disrupted microcapsule suspension, mb is the mass of lambda-cyhalothrin in the standard
solution, and mc is the mass of the lambda-cyhalothrin
microcapsule suspension for extraction. X % was the content of lambda-cyhalothrin
outside of the microcapsule, and DL % was the drug-loading content
of the microcapsule.
Wang L., Liu J., Gao C., Yan X, & Liu J. (2024). Preparation, Characterization, and Bioactivity Evaluation of Lambda-Cyhalothrin Microcapsules for Slow-Controlled Release System. ACS Omega, 9(7), 8229-8238.
Publication 2024

Top products related to «Lambda-cyhalothrin»

1
Lambda cyhalothrin by Merck Group
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Lambda-cyhalothrin is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide used for pest control. It is a white crystalline solid that is odorless. Lambda-cyhalothrin acts as a neurotoxin, disrupting the normal functioning of the nervous system in target insects.
2
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) by Merck Group
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DMSO is a versatile organic solvent commonly used in laboratory settings. It has a high boiling point, low viscosity, and the ability to dissolve a wide range of polar and non-polar compounds. DMSO's core function is as a solvent, allowing for the effective dissolution and handling of various chemical substances during research and experimentation.
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Acetone is a colorless, volatile, and flammable liquid. It is a common solvent used in various industrial and laboratory applications. Acetone has a high solvency power, making it useful for dissolving a wide range of organic compounds.
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Lambda cyhalothrin by Syngenta
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Lambda-cyhalothrin is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide. It is a chemical compound used for pest control purposes.
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Deltamethrin by Merck Group
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Deltamethrin is a laboratory-grade synthetic pyrethroid insecticide. It is used as a standard reference compound in analytical applications, particularly for the detection and quantification of pyrethroids in environmental and food samples.
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The Zetasizer Nano ZS90 is a dynamic light scattering (DLS) instrument designed for the measurement of particle size and zeta potential. It utilizes a 633 nm laser and a detection angle of 90 degrees to analyze the Brownian motion of particles in a sample. The instrument can measure particle sizes ranging from 0.3 nm to 10 μm and zeta potential values from -500 mV to +500 mV.
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The HT7700 is a high-resolution transmission electron microscope (TEM) designed for materials analysis and characterization. It provides advanced imaging and analytical capabilities for a wide range of applications in materials science, nanotechnology, and life sciences. The core function of the HT7700 is to enable high-resolution, high-contrast imaging and elemental analysis of nanoscale structures and materials.

More about "Lambda-cyhalothrin"

Lambda-cyhalothrin is a widely used synthetic pyrethroid insecticide effective against a broad range of agricultural pests, including aphids, caterpillars, and beetles.
This versatile compound can be optimized for research purposes using the AI-powered platform PubCompare.ai, which enhances reproducibility and accuracy.
PubCompare.ai helps researchers locate relevant protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, and utilizes AI-driven comparisons to identify the best protocols and products for their experiments.
This streamlines the research process and improves the overall impact of Lambda-cyhalothrin studies.
Researchers can leverage PubCompare.ai to enhance their Lambda-cyhalothrin research, such as exploring the use of solvents like DMSO and acetone, or analyzing the compound using instruments like the JSM-7401F scanning electron microscope and Zetasizer Nano ZS90 for particle size analysis.
Additional related compounds, such as the pyrethroid insecticide Deltamethrin, can also be investigated using this platform.
By optimizing their Lambda-cyhalothrin research with PubCompare.ai, scientists can maximize the efficiency and reproducibility of their experiments, leading to more impactful findings and advancements in the field of agricultural pest control.
The platform's AI-driven approach and comprehensive protocol database make it an invaluable tool for researchers working with this versatile insecticide.