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Perylene

Perylene is a polycylic aromatic hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C20H12.
It is a yellow crystalline solid that fluoresces strongly under ultraviolet light.
Perylene and its derivatives have a variety of applications, including as organic semiconductors, fluorescent dyes, and pigments.
The compound exhibits unique optical and electronic properties that make it a subject of intense research in fields such as organic electronics, photovoltaics, and molecular sensors.
PubCompare.ai can help optimize your perylene research by identifying the most reliable and efficient experimental protocols from the literature, preprints, and patents, enabling reproducability and accuracy in your studies.

Most cited protocols related to «Perylene»

Quantifying PAHs in Environmental Samples

Cited 15 times

Protocol full text hidden due to copyright restrictions

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Publication 2015

2,2,4-trimethylpentane acenaphthylene Benzo(a)pyrene chrysene Environmental Pollutants fluoranthene naphthalene Perylene phenanthrene Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic Solvents Technique, Dilution

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Quantification in Aquatic Environments

Cited 11 times

PAH standards (purities ≥ 99%) were obtained from ChemService, Inc. (West Chester, PA, USA). Target analytes included naphthalene (NAP), acenaphthene (ACE), acenaphthylene (ACY), fluorene (FLO), anthracene (ANT), phenanthrene (PHE), fluoranthene (FLA), pyrene (PYR), chrysene (CHR), benz(a)anthracene (BAA), benzo(b)fluoranthene (BBF), benzo(k)fluoranthene (BKF), benzo(a)pyrene (BAP), benzo(ghi)perylene (BPL), and indeno123(cd)pyrene (IPY). Cleanup and extraction solvents were pesticide or Optima® grade from Fisher Scientific (Fairlawn, NJ, USA).
Water quality data included temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, specific conductivity, oxidative-reductive potential (ORP) and nitrate and ammonium concentrations, and were collected at each site during sampler deployment and retrieval using a YSI^® sonde. Additionally, grab samples were also taken at sampler deployment and retrieval at certain sites for analysis of total and dissolved organic carbon (TOC and DOC), as well as total suspended and total dissolved solids (TSS and TDS). The two measurements were averaged for each sampling event and results are summarized in Supporting Information.
SPMD field cleanup and laboratory extraction were performed as previously described (20 (link)) and in accordance with standard operating procedures and standard analytical methods. Quality control consisted of field blanks, trip blanks and field cleanup blanks. Laboratory quality control included reagent blanks, high and low concentration fortifications, and unexposed fortified SPMDs. Quality control resulted in duplicate sites average RSD equaling 15%, and target compounds in blanks were either non-detect or below levels of quantitation.
After extraction, samples were solvent exchanged into acetonitrile and analyzed by HPLC with diode-array and fluorescence detectors. DAD signals were 230 and 254 nm and FLD excitation and emissions were 230 and 332, 405, 460, respectively. Flow was 2.0 mL/min beginning with 40/60% acetonitrile and water and steadily ramping to 100% acetonitrile over a 28 minute run per column maker recommendations. Because the low molecular weight volatile compounds were impacted by the method solvent evaporation steps, SPMD concentrations were recovery corrected with method recovery averages ranging from 35% for NAP to 95% for BPL (Supporting Information Table S1).
The equation established for converting SPMD concentrations (C_SPMD) to water concentrations (C_water) using laboratory sampling rates (Rs) in L/day is:

C_{water} = \frac{C_{SPMD} • V_{SPMD}}{R s • t}

where V_SPMD is the volume of the sampler and t is the time in days. Laboratory sampling rates from the literature were used and temperature corrected using a trendline based on rates at three temperatures: 10, 18, and 26° C (9 , 21 (link)). Loads were calculated from the concentrations using USGS flow estimates at the Portland station. Data analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel® 2003, SigmaStat® for t-tests and rank sum tests, S+® for principal component analysis and SigmaPlot® for graphing.

Sower G, & Anderson K.A. (2008). Spatial and temporal variation of freely dissolved PAHs in an urban river undergoing Superfund remediation. Environmental science & technology, 42(24), 9065-9071.

Publication 2008

acenaphthene acenaphthylene acetonitrile Ammonium anthracene Benzo(a)pyrene benzo(b)fluoranthene benzo(k)fluoranthene chrysene Dissolved Organic Carbon Electric Conductivity fluoranthene fluorene Fluorescence High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies naphthalene Nitrates Oxidation-Reduction Oxygen Perylene Pesticides phenanthrene pyrene Scapuloperoneal Myopathy, MYH7-Related Solvents

Comprehensive PAH Emission Inventory Across Sectors

Cited 8 times

The inventory was developed using a top-down approach based on the PKU-FUEL-2007¹⁸ and an updated EF_PAHs database. Among the 64 fuel sub-types defined in the PKU-FUEL-2007,¹⁸ the category of crude oil (used in petroleum refinery) was replaced with catalytic cracking. In addition, five process emission sources in the iron-steel industry (iron sintering, open hearth furnace, convertor, arc furnace, and hot rolling) were added,²³ increasing the total fuel sub-types to 69 (Table S1). They were divided into six categories (coal, petroleum, natural gas, solid wastes, biomass, and an industrial process category) or six sectors (energy production, industry, transportation, commercial/residential sources, agriculture, and deforestation/wildfire). PKU-PAH-2007 covered 222 countries/territories and was gridded to 0.1°× 0.1° resolution for the year 2007. In addition, annual PAH emissions from individual countries were derived from 1960 to 2008 and simulated from 2009 to 2030 based on the six IPCC SRES scenarios.²⁴The 16 PAHs included in the inventory were: naphthalene (NAP), acenaphthylene (ACY), acenaphthene (ACE), fluorene (FLO), phenanthrene (PHE), anthracene (ANT), fluoranthene (FLA), pyrene (PYR), benz(a)anthracene (BaA), chrysene (CHR), benzo(b)fluoranthene (BbF), benzo(k)fluoranthene (BkF), benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), dibenz(a,h)anthracene (DahA), indeno(l,2,3-cd)pyrene (IcdP), and benzo(g,h,i)perylene (BghiP). In this study, the term “total PAHs” means the sum of the 16 PAHs.

Shen H., Huang Y., Wang R., Zhu D., Li W., Shen G., Wang B., Zhang Y., Chen Y., Lu Y., Chen H., Li T., Sun K., Li B., Liu W., Liu J, & Tao S. (2013). Global atmospheric emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from 1960 to 2008 and future predictions. Environmental science & technology, 47(12), 6415-6424.

Publication 2013

acenaphthene acenaphthylene anthracene Benzo(a)pyrene benzo(b)fluoranthene benzo(k)fluoranthene Catalysis chrysene Coal Deforestation fluoranthene fluorene Iron naphthalene Perylene Petroleum phenanthrene Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic pyrene Steel Wildfires

Maternal Personal Airborne Monitoring

Cited 8 times

During the third trimester of pregnancy, personal monitoring was carried
out as previously described (Perera et al. 2003 (link)). Vapors and particles ≥2.5 μg in diameter were collected
on a precleaned quartz microfiber filter and a pre-cleaned polyurethane
foam cartridge backup. The samples were analyzed at Southwest Research
Institute (San Antonio, TX) for benz[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzo[b]fluroanthene, benzo[k]fluroanthene, BaP, indeno-[1,2,3-cd]pyrene, disbenz[a,h]anthracene, and benzo[g,h,i]perylene as described by Tonne et al. (2004) (link). For quality control, each personal monitoring result was assessed as
to accuracy in flow rate, time, and completeness of documentation. All
of the 183 subjects had samples of acceptable quality.

Perera F.P., Rauh V., Whyatt R.M., Tsai W.Y., Tang D., Diaz D., Hoepner L., Barr D., Tu Y.H., Camann D, & Kinney P. (2006). Effect of Prenatal Exposure to Airborne Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Neurodevelopment in the First 3 Years of Life among Inner-City Children. Environmental Health Perspectives, 114(8), 1287-1292.

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Publication 2006

anthracene chrysene Perylene pyrene Quartz

Personal Air Monitoring in Krakow and NYC

Cited 7 times

Details of the personal air monitoring conducted in Krakow (Jedrychowski et al. 2004 (link), 2006 (link)) and NYC (Perera et al. 2003 (link); Tonne et al. 2004 (link)) have been published. Briefly, on completion of the interview, the women were given a backpack containing a portable personal exposure air monitor to be worn during the day and kept near the bed at night during a consecutive 48-hr period. Personal air monitoring data were given a quality assurance (QA) score (0–3) for flow rate, flow time, and completeness of documentation (Kinney et al. 2002 (link)). A final QA score of 0 (highest quality) or 1 (high quality) was required for inclusion. For both cohorts, the air extracts were analyzed at Southwest Research Institute for levels of pyrene and eight carcinogenic PAHs (∑8 c-PAHs): benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene, dibenz[a,h]anthracene, and benzo[g,h,i]perylene (Camaan and Whyatt 2001 ; Perera et al. 2003 (link)).
To examine the representativeness of a single 48-hr monitoring, a subset of the Krakow cohort was monitored once each trimester (n = 72, 72, and 68, respectively). However, the entire NYC cohort was monitored once. Unlike for NYC subjects, personal exposure to pesticides was not monitored for the Krakow cohort, based on the low residential pesticide use (Jedrychowski W, personal communication). Details of the blood sample collection for biomarker analysis have been reported (Perera et al. 2003 (link); Rauh et al. 2004 (link)).

Choi H., Jedrychowski W., Spengler J., Camann D.E., Whyatt R.M., Rauh V., Tsai W.Y, & Perera F.P. (2006). International Studies of Prenatal Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Fetal Growth. Environmental Health Perspectives, 114(11), 1744-1750.

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Publication 2006

anthracene Benzo(a)pyrene benzo(b)fluoranthene benzo(k)fluoranthene Biological Markers Carcinogens chrysene Perylene Pesticides Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic pyrene Specimen Collections, Blood Woman

Most recents protocols related to «Perylene»

Perylene Red Pigment Dispersion

Not available on PMC !

Example 7

6 parts of the hydroxy-containing acrylic resin (R-2) (solids content: 3.3 parts), 35 parts of Paliogen Maroon L3920 (trade name, a perylene red pigment, produced by BASF A.G.), and 60 parts of deionized water were placed in a stirring vessel; and homogeneously mixed, followed by further adding 2-(dimethylamino) ethanol to adjust the pH to 7.5. The obtained mixture was placed in a 225-ml resin bottle; and 130 parts of zirconia beads (size: 1.5 mm) were added thereto, followed by hermetically sealing the bottle. The pigment was dispersed for 120 minutes with a shaking-type paint mixer. After the pigment was dispersed, the zirconia beads were filtered through a 100-mesh metallic gauze and removed, thereby obtaining a red pigment dispersion (P-2) with a solids content of 66%.

US11865576B2. Layered body (2024-01-09). KANSAI PAINT CO., LTD. [JP]. Inventors: Ikumi Ono [JP], Nobuhiko Narita [JP], Hirokazu Okazaki [JP].

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Patent 2024

Acrylic Resins Blood Vessel Ethanol Metals Parts, Body Perylene Pigmentation Resins, Plant zirconium oxide

Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Dopamine Hydrochloride (DA·HCl, 98%) and octadecylamine (GC, >97%) were purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (China). Tris(hydroxymethyl)-amino methane (Tris, 99%) was obtained from Nanjing SunShine Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (China). Acetonitrile (ACN) was of HPLC grade and purchased from TEDIA (USA). Other chemicals were of analytical grade. The sample vials were obtained from ANW Technologies (China). The normal saline for injection (Shijiazhuang Four Drugs Co., Ltd., 0.9%), benzylpenicillin sodium for injection (Shandong Lukang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 160 million units per 96 g) and omeprazole sodium for injection (Jiangsu Wuzhong Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., 40 mg) were commercial products.
Standard mixtures of the 16 PAHs with 200 μg mL⁻¹ of each compound dissolved in acetonitrile (for HPLC analysis) was obtained from Manhage Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. (China). The 16 PAHs were naphthalene (NAP), acenaphthylene (ANY), acenaphthene (ANA), fluorene (FLU), phenanthrene (PHE), anthracene (ANT), fluoranthene (FLT), pyrene (PYR), benz[a]anthracene (BaA), chrysene (CHR), benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF), benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkF), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), indeno[1,2,3 cd]pyrene (IPY), dibenz[a,h]anthracene (DBA) and benzo[ghi]perylene (BPE). The PAHs stock solution was prepared with acetonitrile at the concentration of each at 2 μg mL⁻¹, and kept at 4 °C in darkness. PAHs working solutions were prepared by the dilution of the stock solution.

Yang H., Ding Y., Ding Y, & Liu J. (2023). In-vial solid-phase extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in drug formulations stored in packaging containing rubber. RSC Advances, 13(12), 7848-7856.

Publication 2023

acenaphthene acenaphthylene acetonitrile anthracene Benzo(a)pyrene benzo(b)fluoranthene benzo(k)fluoranthene chrysene Darkness fluoranthene fluorene High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies Hydrochloride, Dopamine Methane naphthalene Normal Saline Omeprazole Sodium Penicillin G Sodium Perylene Pharmaceutical Preparations phenanthrene Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic pyrene stearamine Sunlight Technique, Dilution Tromethamine

Quantitative Analysis of 16 PAHs in Soil

The soil samples were tested for the following 16 USEPA priority PAHs: acenaphthene (Ace), benzo (ghi)perylene (BghiP), anthracene (Ant), acenaphthylene (Acy), benzo(a)anthracene (BaA), benzo(b)fluoranthene (BbF), chrysene (Chr), dibenzo(a,h)anthracene (DahA), benzo(k)fluoranthene (BkF), fluorene (Flo), fluoranthene (Fluo), indeno (1,2,3-cd) pyrene (IcdP), benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), naphthalene (Nap), pyrene (Pyr) and phenanthrene (Phe). Analytical procedures and sample preparation methods in this research were comparable to those mentioned in previous reports.^{5,11,40–42 (link)} The samples were quantitatively analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS, Agilent 6890N GC-5975 MSD) for the 16 PAHs. Text S2 gives a detailed description of the chemical analysis, analytical procedures, and sample preparation.

Janneh M., Qu C., Zhang Y., Xing X., Nkwazema O., Nyihirani F, & Qi S. (2023). Distribution, sources, and ecological risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in agricultural and dumpsite soils in Sierra Leone. RSC Advances, 13(11), 7102-7116.

Publication 2023

acenaphthene acenaphthylene anthracene Benzo(a)pyrene benzo(b)fluoranthene benzo(k)fluoranthene chrysene fluoranthene fluorene Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry naphthalene Perylene phenanthrene Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic pyrene

Quality Assurance Protocols for PAH Analysis

During pre-treatment and instrumental analysis, surrogate standards, and lab and field duplicate procedure blanks were analyzed for quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC). The surrogate recoveries (mean ± standard deviation) were 46.4 ± 12.0%, 79.7 ± 15.7%, 93.4 ± 15.8%, 96.8 ± 17.5% and 98.1 ± 28.1% for naphthalene-d8, acenaphthene-d10, phenanthrene-d10, chrysene-d12, and perylene-d12, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) between parallels for all target compounds was 21.1 ± 13.2%. No target compounds were detected in the solvent blank samples. All PAH sample concentrations were corrected by surrogate recovery after subtracting the results of procedure blank samples. The analytical quantification limit (QL) in soil varied from 0.11–3.1 ng g⁻¹ dw. Method detection limits (MDL) in soil varied from 0.03–0.91 ng g⁻¹ dw, which were determined based on 3 times the standard deviations of the procedure blank samples. The quantification limit (QL) was 10 times the procedure blank samples' standard deviations and ranged from 0.11–3.1 ng g⁻¹ dw (Table 1).

Publication 2023

acenaphthene chrysene naphthalene Perylene phenanthrene Solvents

Visible-Light-Induced C-N Bond Formation

Perylene derivatives Py (5 mM), PdTPBP (25 μM), K₂CO₃ (3 equiv.), inert aryl bromide/chloride (1 equiv.) and a magnetic stir bar were added to a dried 5 mL borosilicate vial. After purging the vial with argon, solvent (2 mL) and heteroarene (2 equiv.) were added by syringe. To complete the oxygen-remove for reaction mixture, three cycles of vacuum evacuation at −78 °C and then argon fill when returning to room temperature, was operated on the sealed vial. Subsequently, the reaction vial was irradiated by a 656 nm LED placed approximately 2 cm far, with slow stirring (400 rpm). After a few hours, the reaction was quenched with water (10 mL) and extracted with DCM (×2), and then the combined organic layers were dried over MgSO₄. The crude material was then purified by column chromatography on silica gel using the mixture solvents of dichloromethane (DCM) and n-hexane (1/1, v/v) as elution solution to furnish the desired product.

Zeng L., Huang L., Lin W., Jiang L.H, & Han G. (2023). Red light-driven electron sacrificial agents-free photoreduction of inert aryl halides via triplet-triplet annihilation. Nature Communications, 14, 1102.

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Publication 2023

Argon Bromides Chlorides Chromatography derivatives Methylene Chloride n-hexane Oxygen Perylene potassium carbonate Silica Gel Solvents Sulfate, Magnesium Syringes Vacuum

Top products related to «Perylene»

Perylene by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

Perylene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compound. It is a crystalline solid that exhibits high thermal and chemical stability. Perylene has diverse applications in various industries, including as a fluorescent dye, in organic electronics, and as a component in specialty coatings.

Benzo a pyrene by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Spain, Sao Tome and Principe, Macao, Canada, France

Benzo[a]pyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon commonly used as a reference compound in various laboratory applications. It serves as a standard for analytical techniques and is often employed in research, environmental monitoring, and regulatory compliance testing.

Acenaphthylene by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Canada

Acenaphthylene is a chemical compound used as a laboratory reagent. It is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with the molecular formula C₁₂H₈. Acenaphthylene is a colorless crystalline solid with a distinct odor.

Naphthalene by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom

Naphthalene is a crystalline compound with the chemical formula C₁₀H₈. It is a common organic chemical used in various industrial and laboratory applications. Naphthalene is a colorless, volatile solid with a distinctive odor. It is known for its high melting and boiling points. The core function of naphthalene is as a chemical building block and intermediate in the production of other organic compounds.

Phenanthrene by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Australia, France, China, Spain

Phenanthrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that consists of three fused benzene rings. It is a crystalline solid at room temperature. Phenanthrene is commonly used as a laboratory reagent and in the synthesis of other chemical compounds.

Benzo b fluoranthene by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

Benzo(b)fluoranthene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compound. It is used as a reference standard and analytical reagent in laboratory settings.

Fluoranthene by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany, Canada

Fluoranthene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compound. It is a solid, crystalline substance used as a chemical standard and reference material in various analytical and research applications.

Pyrene by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Italy, Canada, India, Sao Tome and Principe, Spain

Pyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compound. It is a crystalline solid at room temperature and is commonly used as a fluorescent probe and as a precursor in organic synthesis.

Chrysene by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

Chrysene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compound. It is a solid crystalline material at room temperature. Chrysene is commonly used as a reference standard in analytical chemistry and environmental monitoring applications.

Benzo k fluoranthene by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

Benzo(k)fluoranthene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compound. It is a crystalline solid at room temperature. Benzo(k)fluoranthene can be used as a standard reference material in analytical chemistry and environmental monitoring applications.

What are some common applications of Perylene?

Perylene and its derivatives have a wide range of applications, including as organic semiconductors, fluorescent dyes, and pigments. The compound's unique optical and electronic properties make it useful in fields such as organic electronics, photovoltaics, and molecular sensors. For example, perylene-based materials are employed in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), solar cells, and fluorescence-based sensors due to their strong light absorption and emission capabilities.

How can Perylene be used in research and development?

Perylene is a subject of intense research in various fields, and PubCompare.ai can assist researchers in optimizing their studies. The platform allows you to more efficiently screen the literature for the most effective experimental protocols related to Perylene, leveraging AI to pinpoint critical insights. This helps researchers identify the best procedures for their specific research goals, ensuring reproducibility and accuracy in their Perylene studies.

Are there different types or variations of Perylene?

Yes, there are several variations of Perylene that have been synthesized and studied. These include substituted Perylenes, such as those with alkyl, halogen, or other functional groups attached to the core Perylene structure. These modifications can alter the compound's physical, optical, and electronic properties, making them suitable for different applications. Researchers can use PubCompare.ai to compare the effectiveness of protocols for working with these Perylene derivatives and select the most appropriate methods for their research.

What are some common challanges in working with Perylene?

One key challenge in working with Perylene is ensuring reproducibility and accuracy in experimental procedures. Perylene and its derivatives can be sensitive to factors like solvent choice, reaction conditions, and purification methods. PubCompare.ai can help address this by allowing researchers to compare side-by-side the most reliable and efficient protocols from the literature, preprints, and patents. This enables researchers to identify the best approach for their specific Perylene studies and avoid common pitfalls.

How can PubCompare.ai assist in Perylene research?

PubCompare.ai can be a valuable tool for researchers working with Perylene. The platform's AI-powered analysis can help you more efficiently screen the literature to identify the most effective experimental protocols related to Perylene. By comparing protocols side-by-side, you can pinpoint key differences in their effectiveness and select the best option for your research goals, ensuring reproducibility and acuracy in your Perylene studies. This can save time and improve the quality of your Perylene-related research.

More about "Perylene"

Perylene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) with the chemical formula C20H12.
It is a yellow crystalline solid that fluoresces strongly under ultraviolet light.
Perylene and its derivatives have a variety of applications, including as organic semiconductors, fluorescent dyes, and pigments.
The compound exhibits unique optical and electronic properties that make it a subject of intense research in fields such as organic electronics, photovoltaics, and molecular sensors.
Closely related to perylene are other PAHs such as benzo[a]pyrene, acenaphthylene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, fluoranthene, pyrene, and chrysene.
These compounds share structural similarities and often have overlapping applications and research interests.
Perylene research can be optimized using tools like PubCompare.ai, which can help identify the most reliable and efficient experimental protocols from the literature, preprints, and patents.
This enables reproducibility and accuracy in your perylene studies, allowing you to make the most of this versatile and fascinating compound.