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Surface Antigens

Surface antigens are molecules expressed on the exterior of cells that can be used to identify and characterize different cell types.
These antigenic markers play a crucial role in immune recognition, cell signaling, and various biological processes.
Researchers studying surface antigens can utilize PubCompare.ai's AI-driven protocol comparison tool to optimize their research workflows.
The platform enables users to easily locate the best protocols and products from literature, preprints, and patents, improving reproducibility and accuracy.
Discover the most effective surface antigen research methods and enhance your scientific discoveries today.

Most cited protocols related to «Surface Antigens»

1
Isolation of Glioblastoma Stem Cells

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Publication 2009
Antibodies Brain Tumor, Primary Cell Culture Techniques Cells Culture Media Ethics Committees, Research Glioblastoma Glioma Homo sapiens Immunoglobulins Microspheres Neoplasms Nervousness Papain Patients Stem, Plant Surface Antigens Xenografting
2
Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation in Veterans
To ensure adequate follow-up time, we identified subjects who initiated their first course of cART in the VA between 1 January 1997 and 1 August 2002. We used pharmacy data to identify individuals initiating a minimum of three antiretroviral medications and laboratory data to determine that they had received a minimal evaluation (CD4 cell count, HIV-RNA and haemoglobin) within 6 months of initiating cART.
Available data included demographic factors (age, race/ethnicity and gender), administrative diagnostic codes [International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD)-9 codes], routinely collected clinical laboratory data, pharmacy data and long-term mortality. All laboratory data were collected from the clinical sites through the Immunology Case Registry [26 (link)]. Pharmacy data are drawn from the national VA Pharmacy Benefits Management Package [27 ]. ICD-9 codes were used to determine diagnoses of drug abuse or dependence, alcohol abuse or dependence, and AIDS-defining illnesses. Hepatitis C was defined as a positive antibody, qualitative or quantitative HIV RNA, or ICD-9 codes. Hepatitis B was defined as a positive surface antigen test or ICD-9 codes. In all cases in which ICD-9 codes were used, two out-patient or one in-patient code was required before the condition was considered present. This approach improves the accuracy of ICD-9 codes when compared with chart review [28 (link)]. The specific codes used can be found at our website (http://VAcohort.org). All cause mortality data using VA data sources have been demonstrated to be accurate and complete when compared with the National Death Registry [29 (link),30 (link)].
Justice A., McGinnis K., Skanderson M., Chang C., Gibert C., Goetz M., Rimland D., Rodriguez-Barradas M., Oursler K., Brown S., Braithwaite R., May M., Covinsky K., Roberts M., Fultz S, & Bryant K. (2009). Towards a combined prognostic index for survival in HIV infection: the role of ‘non-HIV’ biomarkers. HIV medicine, 11(2), 143-151.
Publication 2009
Abuse, Alcohol Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Antibodies CART protein, human CD4+ Cell Counts Clinical Laboratory Services Diagnosis Drug Abuse Ethnicity Hemoglobin Hepatitis B Hepatitis C virus Outpatients Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Surface Antigens
3
Engraftment and Characterization of Primary AML Cells in NSG Mice
Please refer to S1 Methods for description on first engraftment of primary AML cells in NSG mice; monitoring engraftment of PDX cells by flow cytometry analysis of PB; surface antigen characterization of PDX AML cells by flow cytometry; cloning; lentiviral transduction; enrichment of transgene-expressing cells; in vivo bioluminescence imaging (BLI); quantification of BLI pictures; and Limiting dilution transplantation assay (LDTA).
Vick B., Rothenberg M., Sandhöfer N., Carlet M., Finkenzeller C., Krupka C., Grunert M., Trumpp A., Corbacioglu S., Ebinger M., André M.C., Hiddemann W., Schneider S., Subklewe M., Metzeler K.H., Spiekermann K, & Jeremias I. (2015). An Advanced Preclinical Mouse Model for Acute Myeloid Leukemia Using Patients' Cells of Various Genetic Subgroups and In Vivo Bioluminescence Imaging. PLoS ONE, 10(3), e0120925.
Publication 2015
Biological Assay Cells Flow Cytometry Germ Cells Mus Surface Antigens Technique, Dilution Transgenes Transplantation
4
Multi-color Flow Cytometry Immunophenotyping
Four lasers and 9 different PMT channels were utilised for the 9-colour staining panel; cells were stained with antibodies as detailed in Table 1. Briefly, cells were washed and stained with Live/Dead dye (eBioscience) in PBS. Cells were blocked with anti-CD32 to prevent Fc-mediated non-specific binding as per manufacturer’s instructions. Cells were then stained with antibodies in buffer containing PBS, 1% Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) and 0.1% Sodium Azide at 4°C for 30 mins followed by further washing and cell fixation (BD Cell Fix). For monocyte surface antigen characterisation, cells were stained with the baseline antibodies detailed in Table 2. Cells were then stained with all antibodies listed in Panel 1 and each sample individually with a Mab listed in Panel 2. Flow cytometric compensation was performed using fluorescent compensation beads (OneComp eBeads, eBioscience USA) and cells were analysed using a multi-parameter flow cytometer (Fortessa LSR BD Biosciences, USA). Cell sorting was performed using a Fortessa Aria (BD Biosciences, USA). For identification of positive and negative populations, the fluorescence minus one (“FMO”) principle was utilised to account for background antibody fluorescence.
Barnett-Vanes A., Sharrock A., Birrell M.A, & Rankin S. (2016). A Single 9-Colour Flow Cytometric Method to Characterise Major Leukocyte Populations in the Rat: Validation in a Model of LPS-Induced Pulmonary Inflammation. PLoS ONE, 11(1), e0142520.
Publication 2016
Antibodies Buffers Cells Flow Cytometry Fluorescence Fluorescent Antibody Technique Monocytes NRG1 protein, human Population Group Serum Albumin, Bovine Sodium Azide Surface Antigens
5
Germinal Center B Cell Differentiation
Lymph nodes were harvested by forcing tissue through 40 μm mesh into complete RPMI media (Gibco) with 6% serum. Single cell suspensions were treated at 4 °C for 10 min with 1 μg/ml anti-CD16/32 (2.4G2, Bio-X-Cell) and then stained for 25 min at 4 °C. B220, CD38, CD86, CD45.1 and CD45.2 antibodies were from eBioscience. FAS, CXCR4, CD45.1, CD45.2, Igλ1-3, GL7, streptavidin-PE and streptavidin-APC were from BD Biosciences. Streptavidin-Alexa Fluor 488 was from Invitrogen. For cell cycle and S phase analysis, mice were injected intravenously with 2 mg BrdU (Sigma-Aldrich) and 1 mg EdU (Life Technologies) in PBS. Cells were then stained for surface antigens as described above and processed using an anti-BrdU-FITC kit (BD Biosciences) and Click-iT EdU-Pacific Blue kit (Life Technologies) according to manufacturers’ protocols. All samples were analyzed on a BD Fortessa. GC B cells were gated as live/single, B220+, CD38− and FAS+. DZ and LZ GC B cells were further gated as CXCR4+CD86− and CXCR4−CD86+, respectively. CD45.1 and CD45.2 allotypic markers were used to trace adoptively transferred B cells of genotypes B1-8hi DEC205+/+ (CD45.1+), B1-8hi DEC205−/− (CD45.1+CD45.2+), and B1-8hi DEC205+/+ tTA-H2B-mCh (CD45.2+) within either C57/BL6 (CD45.2+) or B6.SJL (CD45.1+) recipient mice.
Gitlin A.D., Shulman Z, & Nussenzweig M.C. (2014). Clonal selection in the germinal center by regulated proliferation and hypermutation. Nature, 509(7502), 637-640.
Publication 2014
alexa fluor 488 Antibodies B-Lymphocytes Bromodeoxyuridine Cell Cycle Cells CXCR4 protein, human Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Genotype Mus Nodes, Lymph Serum Streptavidin Surface Antigens

Most recents protocols related to «Surface Antigens»

1
Flow Cytometry Analysis of hESC-Derived Cells
Not available on PMC !

Example 2

Flow Cytometry: Cell surface antigens on hESC-derived cells were analyzed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). The cells were released from the tissue culture flask with Accutase, centrifuged, washed with phosphate buffered saline (PBS), and blocked in 2% FBS for 0.5 h at room temperature (RT). Cells (2×105) were then incubated with each of the following using a BD Stemflow™ Human MSC Analysis Kit (BD Biosciences, San Jose, Calif.): hMSC positive markers (CD73, CD90, CD105) and hMSC negative markers (CD11b, CD19, CD34, CD45, HLA-DR). After incubation, cells were washed and resuspended in PBS. Data were analyzed by collecting 20,000 events on a Cyan LX (Dako North America. Inc., Carpinteria, Calif.) instrument using WinMDI software. Nonspecific fluorescence was determined by incubation of similar cell aliquots with isotype-matched mouse monoclonal antibodies (PharMingen, San Diego, Calif.) or with secondary antibody alone.

US11859210B2. Methods of differentiating stem cells into chondrocytes (2024-01-02). Scripps Health [US]. Inventors: Darryl D. D'Lima [US], Tsaiwei Olee [US], Clifford W. Colwell [US].
Patent 2024
accutase Cells Flow Cytometry Fluorescence HLA-DR Antigens Homo sapiens Human Embryonic Stem Cells Immunoglobulin Isotypes Immunoglobulins ITGAM protein, human Monoclonal Antibodies Mus NT5E protein, human Phosphates Saline Solution Surface Antigens Thy-1 Antigens Tissues
2
Binding Affinity of Anti-CD79b Conjugates
Not available on PMC !

Example 7

The binding affinity of thio hu2F2.D7 drug conjugates and thio ch2F2 drug conjugates to CD79b expressed on BJAB-luciferase cells is determined by FACS analysis.

Briefly, approximately 1×106 cells in 100 μl are contacted with varying amounts (1.0 μg, 0.1 μg or 0.01 μg of Ab per million cells of BJAB-luciferase cells) of one of, but not limited to, the following anti-CD79b thioMAb drug conjugates or naked (unconjugated Ab as a control): (1) thio ch2F2-LC(V205C)-MC-MMAF or (2) thio ch2F2-HC(A118C)-MC-MMAF; (3) thio hu2F2.D7-HC(A118C)-MCvcPAB-MMAE, (4) thio hu2F2.D7-HC(A118C)-BMPEO-DM1, or (5) thio hu2F2.D7-HC(A118C)-MC-MMAF. PE conjugated mouse anti-human Ig is used as the secondary detecting antibody (BD Cat #555787).

Anti-CD79b antibody bound to the cell surface is detected using PE conjugated mouse anti-human Ig.

US11866496B2. Humanized anti-CD79B antibodies and immunoconjugates and methods of use (2024-01-09). Genentech, Inc. [US]. Inventors: Yvonne Chen [US], Mark Dennis [US], Kristi Elkins [US], Jagath Reddy Junutula [US], Andrew Polson [US], Bing Zheng [US].
Patent 2024
CD79B protein, human Cells Cysteine Homo sapiens Luciferases Mus Pharmaceutical Preparations Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell Surface Antigens
3
Characterization of hPDLSCs by Flow Cytometry
After the removal of the culture medium, the third generation of passage cultured hPDLSCs were collected and washed with PBS. Next, the cells were soaked in PBS buffer containing 0.25% trypsin for 5 min to make a single cell suspension. Then, the cells were washed with PBS solution containing 1% bovine serum albumin, and the cell concentration was adjusted to 1 × 106 cells/mL, followed by incubation with monoclonal antibodies CD146 (Abcam, UK), CD90 (Abcam, UK), STRO-1 (RampD systems, USA) and CD45 (Abcam, UK) for 30 min at 4 °C in the dark. Again, cells were washed with PBS, centrifuged at 1000 g for 5 min and resuspended in PBS. Lastly, the background marker was determined using isotype control monoclonal antibody, and the positive rate (%) of cell surface antigen was analyzed by flow cytometry combined with special supporting software.
Jiang J., Zhang N., Song H., Yang Y., Li J, & Hu X. (2023). Oridonin alleviates the inhibitory effect of lipopolysaccharide on the proliferation and osteogenic potential of periodontal ligament stem cells by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress and NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. BMC Oral Health, 23, 137.
Publication 2023
Buffers Cells Culture Media Flow Cytometry Immunoglobulin Isotypes Monoclonal Antibodies Serum Albumin, Bovine Surface Antigens Thy-1 Antigens Trypsin
4
Multiparametric Cytometry of Immune Cells
Splenocytes or PBMCs were washed with ice-cold PBS and stained with LIVE/DEAD™ Fixable Aqua Dead (Thermo Fisher) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. After fragment crystallizable (Fc) blocking (Biolegend), cells were stained for surface antigens. For intranuclear staining, a FOXP3 staining kit was used (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The antibodies used, pre-conjugated to fluorophores, are reported in Supplementary Table 1. To assess apoptosis of human lymphocytes following in vitro exposure to NANA, the FITC Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kit with PI (Biolegend) was used, according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Flow cytometry data were acquired with CytExpert on a CytoFLEX S system (Beckman Coulter) and analyzed using FlowJo software (v10; Tree Star). In each experiment, relevant negative, single-stained, and fluorescence-minus-one controls were used to identify the populations of interest.
Suzzi S., Croese T., Ravid A., Gold O., Clark A.R., Medina S., Kitsberg D., Adam M., Vernon K.A., Kohnert E., Shapira I., Malitsky S., Itkin M., Brandis A., Mehlman T., Salame T.M., Colaiuta S.P., Cahalon L., Slyper M., Greka A., Habib N, & Schwartz M. (2023). N-acetylneuraminic acid links immune exhaustion and accelerated memory deficit in diet-induced obese Alzheimer’s disease mouse model. Nature Communications, 14, 1293.
Publication 2023
Antibodies Apoptosis Cardiac Arrest Cells Common Cold FITC-annexin A5 Flow Cytometry Fluorescence Homo sapiens Lymphocyte Population Group Surface Antigens Trees
5
Detecting SFG Rickettsia in D. nuttalli
To identify SFG Rickettsia in the midgut and salivary glands in both field-collected and first-laboratory generation males and females of D. nuttalli in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau area, organ DNA from 100 original males, 100 original females, 100 first-laboratory generation males and 116 first-laboratory generation females chosen randomly was extracted and screened using previously established PCR assays based on the citrate synthase gene (gltA). To further confirm SFG Rickettsia species, all samples positive for the gltA gene were tested for the outer membrane protein A (ompA) gene, outer membrane protein B (ompB) gene, and surface cell antigen 4 (sca4) gene. All primers for the four genes are listed in Table 1. The PCRs were performed as described above.
Ma H., Ai J., Kang M., Li J, & Sun Y. (2023). The life cycle of Dermacentor nuttalli from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau under laboratory conditions and detection of spotted fever group Rickettsia spp.. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 10, 1126266.
Publication 2023
Biological Assay Cells Citrate (si)-Synthase Females Genes Males Oligonucleotide Primers OMPA outer membrane proteins Polymerase Chain Reaction protein B Rickettsia Salivary Glands Surface Antigens Tissue, Membrane

Top products related to «Surface Antigens»

1
Facscalibur by BD
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The FACSCalibur is a flow cytometry system designed for multi-parameter analysis of cells and other particles. It features a blue (488 nm) and a red (635 nm) laser for excitation of fluorescent dyes. The instrument is capable of detecting forward scatter, side scatter, and up to four fluorescent parameters simultaneously.
2
Facscanto 2 by BD
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The FACSCanto II is a flow cytometer instrument designed for multi-parameter analysis of single cells. It features a solid-state diode laser and up to four fluorescence detectors for simultaneous measurement of multiple cellular parameters.
3
Facscalibur flow cytometer by BD
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The FACSCalibur flow cytometer is a compact and versatile instrument designed for multiparameter analysis of cells and particles. It employs laser-based technology to rapidly measure and analyze the physical and fluorescent characteristics of cells or other particles as they flow in a fluid stream. The FACSCalibur can detect and quantify a wide range of cellular properties, making it a valuable tool for various applications in biology, immunology, and clinical research.
4
Lsrfortessa by BD
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The LSRFortessa is a flow cytometer designed for multiparameter analysis of cells and other particles. It features a compact design and offers a range of configurations to meet various research needs. The LSRFortessa provides high-resolution data acquisition and analysis capabilities.
5
Facsdiva software by BD
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FACSDiva software is a user-friendly flow cytometry analysis and data management platform. It provides intuitive tools for data acquisition, analysis, and reporting. The software enables researchers to efficiently process and interpret flow cytometry data.
6
Ionomycin by Merck Group
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Ionomycin is a laboratory reagent used in cell biology research. It functions as a calcium ionophore, facilitating the transport of calcium ions across cell membranes. Ionomycin is commonly used to study calcium-dependent signaling pathways and cellular processes.
7
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Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is a cell culture supplement derived from the blood of bovine fetuses. FBS provides a source of proteins, growth factors, and other components that support the growth and maintenance of various cell types in in vitro cell culture applications.
8
Cytofix cytoperm kit by BD
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The Cytofix/Cytoperm kit is a laboratory product designed for fixing and permeabilizing cells. It provides the necessary solutions for the preparation of samples prior to intracellular staining and flow cytometric analysis.
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Phorbol myristate acetate (pma) by Merck Group
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The PMA is a versatile laboratory equipment designed for precision measurement and analysis. It functions as a sensitive pressure transducer, accurately measuring and monitoring pressure levels in various applications. The PMA provides reliable and consistent data for research and testing purposes.
10
Facscanto 2 flow cytometer by BD
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The FACSCanto II is a flow cytometer manufactured by BD. It is a versatile instrument designed for multicolor flow cytometric analysis. The FACSCanto II can detect and analyze various properties of cells or particles suspended in a fluid as they flow through the system.

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