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Dietary Iron

Dietary Iron: An essential mineral critical for various physiological processes, including oxygen transport, energy production, and immune function.
Maintaining optimal dietary iron intake is crucial for overall health and preventing iron deficiency anemia.
This concise overview covers the key aspects of dietary iron, including its sources, absorption, and role in the body.
Leverage AI-driven research tools to streamline your investigations into dietary iron and identify the best approaches for your specific needs.

Most cited protocols related to «Dietary Iron»

Generating Intestine-Specific Bpnt1 Knockout Mice

Bpnt1 floxed mice were generated using a standard homologous recombination approach (Fig. S2A). Briefly, we recombined the fourth and fifth exons of the Bpnt1 locus in 129/SvEv ES cells with a construct containing flanking LoxP sites and a neomycin resistance cassette. Cells resistant to neomycin were confirmed by PCR and Southern blotting, injected into blastocysts, and implanted into pseudopregnant females by the University of North Carolina Animal Models Core. Chimeric founders were identified by Southern blotting and PCR and crossed with B6.Cg-Tg(ACTFLPe)9205Dym/J mice (The Jackson Laboratory) expressing FLP recombinase to remove the neomycin cassette. Bpnt1^+/fl mice were then backcrossed four generations into the C57BL/6J background, intercrossed, and maintained as Bpnt1^fl/fl animals. To obtain intestine-specific knockouts, we first crossed B6.SJL-Tg(Vil-cre)997Gum/J mice (The Jackson Laboratory) expressing Cre recombinase under the control of the villin promoter with Bpnt1^+/− animals to obtain Bpnt1^+/−Vil-Cre⁺ double heterozygotes. These animals were then crossed to Bpnt1^fl/fl mice to generate Bpnt1^+/fl, Bpnt1^−/fl, Bpnt1^+/int, and Bpnt1^−/int mice. Wild-type and conventional knockout Bpnt1 alleles were genotyped by multiplex PCR using the following primers: (i) 5′-cctatagtcctagcacttgagagg-3′, (ii) 5′-accaaagaacggagccggttggcg-3′, and (iii) 5′-aggtcggaaccctgttctctagtc-3′. Floxed Bpnt1 alleles were genotyped by PCR using the following primers: (i) 5′-cttgtggtttgggttgaccccttag-3′ and (ii) 5′-ctctagcccagtcagacatgtcag-3′. Villin-Cre expression was determined by PCR using the following primers: (i) 5′-gcggtctggcagtaaaaactatc-3′ and (ii) 5′-gtgaaacagcattgctgtcactt-3′. All animals unless otherwise noted were maintained on Purina 5058 natural products chow. Animals receiving supplemental iron were injected into the scruff of the neck weekly for a total of 3 wk with 5 mg of sterile Fe–dextran (Sigma). After 3 wk, mice were killed and analyzed as described above. Animals challenged with iron-deficient diets were maintained on normal Purina 5058 chow until the time of weaning (P23), at which point they were given either iron-deficient AIN-93G–defined chow with 2–6 ppm total iron or an identical AIN-93G supplemented with 200 ppm iron(II) sulfate (Harlan-Teklad TD.120105 and TD.120106, respectively). Mice were killed after 5 wk of dietary treatment and analyzed for hematological parameters as described above. Animal care and experiments were performed in accordance with the National Institutes of Health guidelines and approved by the Duke University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.

Hudson B.H., Hale A.T., Irving R.P., Li S, & York J.D. (2018). Modulation of intestinal sulfur assimilation metabolism regulates iron homeostasis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 115(12), 3000-3005.

Publication 2018

Alleles Animal Model Animals Blastocyst Cells Chimera Cre recombinase Dextran Diet Dietary Iron Exons Females FLP recombinase Heterozygote Homologous Recombination Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees Intestines Iron Mice, Laboratory Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Natural Products Neck Neomycin Oligonucleotide Primers Sterility, Reproductive Sulfates, Inorganic villin

Iron Metabolism in Cocaine Use Disorder

We recruited 44 individuals (95% male) with a chronic history of cocaine use, meeting the DSM-IV-TR criteria for cocaine dependence, and 44 matched healthy control volunteers (93% male) without a history of drug or alcohol dependence. The diagnosis of cocaine dependence was ascertained using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, and these individuals are subsequently referred to as cocaine use disorder (CUD). None of the control participants had ever met DSM-IV-TR criteria for substance dependence; for further details see Supplementary Material. All participants provided written informed consent before they underwent a medical review and psychiatric screening. Exclusion criteria included major medical or neurological illness, lifetime history of a psychotic disorder, history of a traumatic head injury, or any contra-indications to MR-scanning. Dietary iron intake was calculated from the Food Frequency Questionnaire (http://www.srl.cam.ac.uk/epic/nutmethod/FFQ.shtml). Diet-related variations in iron absorption were estimated using the algorithms developed by Hallberg and Hulthen.^{33 (link)} All participants provided blood samples for the analysis of iron proteins in serum (that is, ferritin, iron, transferrin), hepcidin-25, acute inflammation (that is, C-reactive protein (CRP)) and haematological status. This study was approved by the National Research Ethics Committee (12/EE/0519; PI: KDE).

Ersche K.D., Acosta-Cabronero J., Jones P.S., Ziauddeen H., van Swelm R.P., Laarakkers C.M., Raha-Chowdhury R, & Williams G.B. (2017). Disrupted iron regulation in the brain and periphery in cocaine addiction. Translational Psychiatry, 7(2), e1040-.

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Publication 2017

Alcoholic Intoxication, Chronic Blood Proteins Cocaine Cocaine Dependence Craniocerebral Trauma C Reactive Protein Diagnosis Dietary Iron Ethics Committees, Research Ferritin Food Healthy Volunteers Hematologic Tests Hepcidin Inflammation Iron Males Pharmaceutical Preparations Proteins Psychotic Disorders Serum Substance Dependence Transferrin

Differential Expression Analysis Comparison

We used DESeq2 to find differentially expressed transcripts in control diet and iron-loaded diet samples for each sequencing depth. The FDR was adjusted to 0.05, and the other parameters were set to default. The number of overlapping differentially expressed transcripts in Trad-KAPA and 3’-LEXO was calculated. For 1, 2.5 and 5 million reads, the overlap between differentially expressed transcripts in subsampled pools and the initial 10 million read sample was computed. The log fold changes from DESeq2 were used to calculate the correlations between the two methods.

Ma F., Fuqua B.K., Hasin Y., Yukhtman C., Vulpe C.D., Lusis A.J, & Pellegrini M. (2019). A comparison between whole transcript and 3’ RNA sequencing methods using Kapa and Lexogen library preparation methods. BMC Genomics, 20, 9.

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Publication 2019

Diet Dietary Iron

Dietary Iron Intervention in Pregnant Rats

We used our established model of dietary iron intervention (Rufer, et al., 2012 (link); Huebner et al., 2015 (link), 2016 (link)). Nulliparous, 8-week old Long Evans female rats (Envigo, Richmond IN) were randomly assigned to consume ad libitum either an iron-sufficient (IS, 100ppm Fe; TD.06016) or iron-fortified (IF, 500ppm; TD.110880) diet at least 2 wks prior to and throughout pregnancy. The diet composition is based on AIN-93G (Supplemental Table 1), and food intake did not differ by treatment. Gestational day (GD) 0.5 was defined as the morning a vaginal plug was discovered. Litters containing < 9 or >15 pups were excluded from all analyses to minimize differences in iron distribution across litters within a treatment group. Fetuses were analyzed on GD20.5, which is the day prior to birth and is when placental iron transport is largely complete; it is the equivalent of human fetus at 39-40 weeks with respect to maternal-fetal iron transfer (Rao and Georgieff, 2002 ). On GD20.5, following isoflurane overdose and maternal perfusion, maternal and fetal blood and tissues were collected, flash frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at −80°C until further analysis. A subset of liver specimens was formalin-fixed and paraffin-blocked for histological analysis. All protocols were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.

Huebner S.M., Helfrich K.K., Saini N., Blohowiak S.E., Cheng A.A., Kling P.J, & Smith S.M. (2018). Dietary Iron Fortification Normalizes Fetal Hematology, Hepcidin, and Iron Distribution in a Rat Model of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 42(6), 1022-1033.

Publication 2018

Birth Diet Dietary Iron Dietary Modification Drug Overdose Eating Fetal Blood Fetus Formalin Freezing Homo sapiens Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees Iron Isoflurane Liver Mothers Nitrogen Paraffin Patient Holding Stretchers Perfusion Placenta Pregnancy Rats, Long-Evans Tissues Vagina Woman

Maternal Iron Deficiency Diet Protocol

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Publication 2015

Childbirth Diet Dietary Iron Iron Patient Holding Stretchers Pregnant Women

Most recents protocols related to «Dietary Iron»

Sociodemographic, Lifestyle, and Dietary Assessment of Pregnant Women

The research staff recorded the sociodemographic and lifestyle data of the participants during a personal interview using specific questionnaires, including maternal age, baseline body mass index (BMI), smoking habit, ethnicity, parity, pregnancy planning, and use of hormonal contraceptives. The educational level and occupational status of women and their partners were also registered. The family’s socioeconomic status (SES) was calculated from the sociodemographic data of participants and their partners, including educational level and occupational status. Dietary assessment was done using a short food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) validated in our population [22 (link)]. Food groups assessed included total meat, red and processed meat, fish, fruits, vegetables, legumes, and dairy products as grams per day (g/day). From this information, energy intake (kcal/day) and nutrients (g/day or mg/day) were calculated using the REGAL (Répertoire Général des Aliments) food composition table [23 ], complemented by a Spanish food composition table [24 ]. As for the nutrient intake, protein, fibre, vitamin C, calcium, and dietary iron were assessed. Detailed information is available in Aparicio et al. [25 ]. Information from the FFQ allowed us to calculate the percentage of adherence to the Mediterranean diet, considered a high–quality dietary pattern [25 , 26 ]. Extended information on data collection can be found elsewhere [8 (link), 20 (link)].
Blood samples were taken on GW12 to perform blood and genetic tests. Haematological parameters (Hb and MCV), some specific biochemical markers (SF and C-reactive protein [CRP]), and genetic mutations of the HFE gene (C282Y, H63D and S65C) were performed.

Iglesias-Vázquez L., Gimeno M., Coronel P., Caspersen I.H., Basora J, & Arija V. (2023). Maternal factors associated with iron deficiency without anaemia in early pregnancy: ECLIPSES study. Annals of Hematology, 102(4), 741-748.

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Publication 2023

Ascorbic Acid BLOOD Calcium, Dietary Contraceptive Agents C Reactive Protein Dairy Products Diet Diet, Mediterranean Dietary Iron Ethnicity Fabaceae Fibrosis Fishes Food Fruit Genetic Testing Hispanic or Latino Index, Body Mass Meat Mutation Nutrient Intake Nutrients Pregnancy Proteins Vegetables

Predictors of Undernutrition among Adults

Data were double entered using Epi-data 3.1. Data were cleaned, coded, checked for missing and outliers, and analyzed using Stata 14 (College Station, Texas 77845 USA). Frequencies, percentages, summary measures and tables were used to describe and present the descriptive information of respondents. The MUAC is a much simpler anthropometric measure than the BMI, as its use eliminates the need for expensive equipment, such as height charts and scales, and the need for calculations. It is also much easier to perform on a patient who is acutely unwell, bed bound or sedentary. Another important advantage of using MUAC is that there is minimal change in the MUAC during pregnancy, so it may be a better indicator of pre-pregnancy body fat and nutrition than the BMI. The outcome variable (undernutrition) was dichotomized as undernutrition (coded as 1) and normal (coded as 0). Poisson regression analysis models with a robust variance estimate were fitted to identify predictors of undernutrition. Next, the binary analysis variables with a p< 0.25 were entered into the adjusted log-binomial models. Results were presented using the crude prevalence ratio (CPR) and adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR). Akaike’s information criterion (AIC) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) were used to test for model fitness. The goodness-of-fit was assessed using the Pearson chi-square and deviance tests, with the statistical significance level at alpha = 5%. The explanatory variables were examined for multi-collinearity before taking them into the multivariable model using a correlation matrix for the regression coefficients, the standard errors, and the variance inflation factor value.
The wealth index was employed to estimate the economic level of families. The wealth dispersion was generated by applying the principal component analysis (PCA). The index was calculated based on the ownership of latrines, agricultural land and size, selected household assets, livestock quantities, and source of drinking water, a total of 41 household variables. The previous paper [28 ] described nutritional knowledge and attitudes toward consumption of an iron-rich diet using the Likert scale applying the PCA; the factor scores were totaled and classified into tertiles. Women’s autonomy was evaluated using seven validated questions adopted from the Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey [34 ]. For each question, the response was coded as "one" when the decision was made by the woman alone or jointly with her husband, or "zero" otherwise. The detailed description has been given elsewhere in a previous papers [21 , 23 (link), 24 (link)].

Fite M.B., Tura A.K., Yadeta T.A., Oljira L, & Roba K.T. (2023). Factors associated with undernutrition among pregnant women in Haramaya district, Eastern Ethiopia: A community-based study. PLOS ONE, 18(3), e0282641.

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Publication 2023

Body Fat Dietary Iron Households Husband Livestock Malnutrition Patients Pregnancy Woman

Effect of Dietary Iron Supplements on Fatigue and Lifestyle in Endurance Athletes

The present study is a double-blind, randomized, parallel, placebo-controlled intervention study that has been carried out at two separate trial sites for non-anemic male and female endurance athletes. The reason for selecting different sites for male and female participants was simply based on the availability of the athletic subjects. However, each trial site followed a set recruitment strategy as per study protocols. Participants were asked to complete a health history form, and to be eligible, the following criteria had to be met: (i) no major illness, (ii) 20 years of age or over, (iii) no history of iron deficiency (hemoglobin:13.5–14.5 g/dL (for male); 11.5–12.5 g/dL (for female), (iv) no previous history of known fatigue-related pathology, (iv) not under any medication/taking any iron supplements, (v) no history of somatic, or sleep disorder, and (vi) reported to be regularly menstruating (female participants only). Exclusion criteria were: recent surgery, inflammation or pain (chronic or acute), smokers and having a high habitual consumption of caffeine (>100 mg/day) and alcohol (>20 g/day); pregnancy, and breastfeeding. Also, the researchers used an orthopedic questionnaire to confirm the athlete's eligibility to participate in the study.
Fifty-one healthy adult male athletes with regular exercise habits such as professional soccer and futsal player (Criacao Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan) were recruited for this study. Participants were evaluated at Otsuma Women's University, Tokyo, Japan trial site-1 between October 2019 and November 2019 (average temperature: 18 °C; average humidity: 78%) in an intervention study to determine the influence of dietary iron supplements on fatigue, sweating, and lifestyle profiles of these professional male athletes. The study protocol was approved (No. 2019-035-2) by the Otsuma Women's University Life Science Research Ethics Committee. Also, forty-four healthy adult female athletes with sweating habits and hot yoga experience were evaluated at Nippon Sport Science University, Tokyo, Japan trial site-2 between October 2019 and November 2019 (average temperature: 17.3 °C; average humidity: 77.2%). Sweating habits indicate the fitness level of the athletes. The athletes who are very fit sweat more than their less-fit counterparts during a workout because they need to generate more heat to maximize their evaporative cooling capacity. The study was approved (No. 018-H040) by the Ethics Committee at the Nippon Sport Science University, Tokyo, Japan.
The study procedures were conducted according to the guidelines and ethical standards laid out in the Helsinki Declaration. Procedures were verbally explained to the participants and informed consent was signed by all participating athletes. All participants received detailed information on the purpose of the study (including health hazards, privacy protection, and data management). The study compliance was assured, and the fidelity of the informed intervention was checked.

Kapoor M.P., Sugita M., Kawaguchi M., Timm D., Kawamura A., Abe A, & Okubo T. (2023). Influence of iron supplementation on fatigue, mood states and sweating profiles of healthy non-anemic athletes during a training exercise: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications, 32, 101084.

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Publication 2023

Adult Athletes Caffeine Deficiency, Iron Dietary Iron Dietary Supplements Diploid Cell Eligibility Determination Ethanol Ethics Committees Ethics Committees, Research Fatigue Females Hemoglobin Humidity Inflammation Iron Males Operative Surgical Procedures Pain Pharmaceutical Preparations Placebos Pregnancy Professional Athletes Sleep Disorders Sweat Yoga

Randomized Placebo-Controlled Iron Supplement Trial

Participants were divided into two groups at each trial site and were assigned to order treatment groups according to a randomization plan of equal block size with a 1:1 allocation ratio to receive either iron supplementation or placebo by an independent researcher. The allocation remained concealed to participants, general instructors, statistical analysts, and principal investigators until the end of the trial. The coding of the groups was revealed to researchers only after all measurements were completed and reported. Participants were instructed to consume the treatment once a day, either before or after meals for four consecutive weeks. The treatments were packaged in the sachet (1.5 g as granules) and were identical in appearance, calorie value (5.7 kcal) taste, and raw materials (dextrin, trehalose, and enzymatically degraded guar gum as stabilizer). The dietary iron sachet contains 3.6 mg of ferric pyrophosphate in granules along with 1.37 g carbohydrates and 1.8 mg sodium (Taiyo Kagaku Cookin Supplement Fe; SunActive Fe®), while the placebo was dextrin (carbohydrates: 1.42 g). The specifications of raw materials and nutrient content of iron and placebo granules supplement were confirmed by an independent accredited laboratory. Compliance was assessed at every visit by counting the number of remaining study product sachets returned by the subjects and using a diary system.

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Publication 2023

Carbohydrates Cytoplasmic Granules Dextrin Dietary Iron Dietary Supplements guar gum Iron magnesium pyrophosphate Nutrients Placebos Sodium Sunactive Fe Taste Trehalose

Effects of Exercise Regime on Athlete Well-being

The 4-week length of the study was based on the time needed to evaluate non-specific symptoms such as fatigue [9 (link)]. The training program (futsal/soccer practice) and exercise regimen for participating male athletes were continued for 4 consecutive weeks (site-1). While the female athletes (site-2) were instructed to execute their habitual exercise at least once a week for about 60 min duration with sweating. Featured exercises performed during the 4 weeks study period were mainly hot yoga, dance exercise, martial art exercise, resistance movements, underwater exercise/swimming, and running/walking. Participants of both groups were asked to record their exercise to ensure that all participants remained in identical physical energy balance during the fitness training during the four weeks study period.
A schematic protocol illustration is presented in Fig. 1. Participating male and female athletes were registered for the study at two separate sites after confirmation of their eligibility according to set inclusion/exclusion criteria. All participants were asked to visit their respective testing laboratories at trial sites three times during the four-week study period. During the participant's initial visit (baseline) to the laboratory, a self-completed Profile of Mood State (POMS) questionnaire, and an exercise and well-being related Fatigue-Sweat questionnaire were administrated to male athletes to assess the effect of dietary iron supplementation on quality of life including fatigue and mood symptoms by assessing a range of associated domains. On the other hand, the state level of fatigue and related subscale subjective lifestyle quality parameters including sweating behavior among female athletes were measured with a visual analog scale (VAS) questionnaire. The two different questionnaires, VAS and POMS were used for female and male athletic subjects, respectively, because the data collection was based on the required intensities of sweating exercise and metabolism behavior differences among female and male athletes. However, the purpose and questions asked in both questionnaires were interrelated to retain the identical outcomes of the study. Each participant completed the study questionnaires at baseline, after two weeks (mid-point), and after four weeks of the study (end-point). Mood, stress, and sweat behavior were analyzed using the scores obtained from questionnaires.Fig. 1

Schematic illustration of experimental design of study protocol and procedures.

Fig. 1

The anthropometric, body temperature and heart rate were measured for each participant during every laboratory visit. Noninvasive measurement of hemoglobin levels, which measures estimated hemoglobin levels in peripheral blood vessels was performed to scientifically monitor the participating athletes' conditioning on each visit to the laboratory during the study period. Furthermore, to determine the changes in stress markers during the study, saliva samples were collected at the beginning and end of the study, in order, to measure the salivary cortisol, salivary α-amylase, and salivary-immunoglobulin A concentrations.

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Publication 2023

Athletes Blood Vessel Body Temperature Dietary Iron Eligibility Determination Fatigue Females Hemoglobin Hydrocortisone Immunoglobulin A Males Metabolism Mood Movement Physical Examination Rate, Heart Saliva Salivary alpha-Amylases Sweat Treatment Protocols Visual Analog Pain Scale Yoga

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Carbonyl iron by Merck Group

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What are the key sources of dietary iron?

Dietary iron can be obtained from a variety of food sources, including red meat, poultry, fish, beans, lentils, fortified cereals, and leafy green vegetables. Heme iron, found in animal-based foods, is more readily absorbed by the body compared to non-heme iron, which is present in plant-based sources. Maintaining a balanced diet with a mix of iron-rich foods can help ensure optimal dietary iron intake.

How does the body absorb and utilize dietary iron?

The body absorbs dietary iron through the small intestine. Heme iron is more efficiently absorbed than non-heme iron. Factors that can enhance iron absorption include vitamin C, which helps convert iron into a more absorbable form. Conversely, certain compounds like phytates, tannins, and calcium can inhibit iron absorption if consumed in large quantities. The body uses iron for crucial functions such as oxygen transport, energy production, and immune system support.

What are the symptoms of iron deficiency?

The most common symptom of iron deficiency is anemia, which can cause fatigue, weakness, pale skin, shortness of breath, and impaired cognitive function. Other signs of iron deficiency may include headaches, dizziness, rapid heartbeat, and difficulty concentrating. It's important to address iron deficiency promptly to avoid potential long-term health consequences, especially in vulnerable populations like children and pregnant women.

How can PubCompare.ai help with dietary iron research?

PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform can streamlnie your dietary iron research in several ways. First, it allows you to screen protocol literature more efficiently, helping you identify the most effective and reproducible protocols related to dietary iron. Second, the platform's AI-powered analysis can highlight key differences in protocol effectiveness, enabling you to choose the best option for your specific research goals and ensure accurate, reliable results. By leveraging PubCompare.ai, you can save time, reduce the risk of protocol-related errors, and optimize your dietary iron investigations.

Are there different types or variations of dietary iron?

Yes, there are two main types of dietary iron: heme iron and non-heme iron. Heme iron, which is found in animal-based foods like red meat, poultry, and fish, is more readily absorbed by the body compared to non-heme iron, which is present in plant-based sources like beans, lentils, and fortified cereals. Additionally, some dietary supplements may contain different forms of iron, such as ferrous sulfate, ferrous gluconate, or iron bisglycinate, each with its own absorption characteristics and potential benefits or drawbacks. It's important to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the most appropriate iron source and dosage for your individual needs.

More about "Dietary Iron"

Dietary Iron: An essential mineral vital for various physiological processes, including oxygen transport, energy production, and immune function.
Maintaining optimal dietary iron intake is crucial for overall health and preventing iron deficiency anemia.
This comprehensive overview covers the key aspects of dietary iron, including its sources, absorption, and role in the body.
Iron is a critical component of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body.
It also plays a key role in energy metabolism, enabling the conversion of food into usable energy.
Additionally, iron supports the immune system by aiding in the production of white blood cells and other immune cells.
Dietary iron can be obtained from a variety of food sources, including red meat, poultry, seafood, legumes, fortified grains, and leafy green vegetables.
The absorption of iron is influenced by a number of factors, such as the form of iron (heme vs. non-heme), the presence of enhancers (e.g., vitamin C), and the individual's iron status.
Researchers have utilized advanced tools like PubCompare.ai to streamline their investigations into dietary iron.
This AI-driven platform helps identify reproducible and accurate protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, and enables comparisons to find the best products and approaches.
By leveraging these cutting-edge research tools, scientists can optimize their studies and achieve more reliable results.
Experiments conducted on female C57BL/6 mice, a common model organism, have provided valuable insights into the role of dietary iron.
Studies using standard rodent diets, such as TD.09127 (Two ppm Fe diet), have helped elucidate the impact of iron intake on physiological processes.
Additionally, the use of techniques like microcapillary tubes and analysis with SAS 9.4 software have contributed to our understanding of iron metabolism and its implications for human health.
Maintaining a healthy iron balance is essential for overall well-being.
By understanding the sources, absorption, and functions of dietary iron, individuals can make informed choices to optimize their iron intake and prevent deficiencies.
Leveraging the latest research tools and technologies, like those offered by PubCompare.ai, can help streamline the investigation of dietary iron and lead to more effective strategies for improving human health.