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Hydroxide, Aluminum
Hydroxide, Aluminum
Aluminum hydroxide, Al(OH)3, is a common inorganic compound with a wide range of applications.
It is a white, odorless, tasteless powder that is insoluble in water.
Aluminum hydroxide is used as an antacid, phosphate binder, and vaccine adjuvant.
It is also used in water treatment, as a fire retardant, and in the production of ceramics and refractories.
Aluminum hydroxied plays a key role in many industrial and medical processes, making it an important chemical compound to undestand and optimize.
PubCompare.ai's AI-driven comparisons can help streamline your research on this versatile material, allowing you to quickly identify the best protocols and products for reproducibility and accuracy.
It is a white, odorless, tasteless powder that is insoluble in water.
Aluminum hydroxide is used as an antacid, phosphate binder, and vaccine adjuvant.
It is also used in water treatment, as a fire retardant, and in the production of ceramics and refractories.
Aluminum hydroxied plays a key role in many industrial and medical processes, making it an important chemical compound to undestand and optimize.
PubCompare.ai's AI-driven comparisons can help streamline your research on this versatile material, allowing you to quickly identify the best protocols and products for reproducibility and accuracy.
Most cited protocols related to «Hydroxide, Aluminum»
Adsorption
Alphacoronavirus
Aluminum Chloride
Beef
Centrifugation
Coronaviridae
Diarrhea
Epidemics
Family Member
Hydroxide, Aluminum
Mengovirus
Picornaviridae
Pigs
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus
Strains
Virus
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Biological Assay
Bioreactors
Buffers
Cells
Chinese
Chromatography
Dietary Fiber
Hydroxide, Aluminum
Microscopy
Patients
Pharmaceutical Adjuvants
Phosphates
Propiolactone
SARS-CoV-2
Technique, Dilution
Vaccination
Vaccines
Vero Cells
Virus
A mouse model of allergic airways inflammation was induced as previously reported with minor modification [26 (link)]. Briefly, mice were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection of 40 μg of ovalbumin (OVA, grade V, Sigma, St. Louis, MO, http://www.sigmaaldrich.com ) in 2 mg of aluminum hydroxide (Sigma) in 200 μl pyrogen-free phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, and 13, as shown in Figure 1 . From days 21 to 27, mice were challenged daily with aerosolized 5% OVA in a plexiglass chamber and through an air-compressing nebulizer (403A, yuyue, Danyang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China, http://www.yuyue.com.cn ) for 30 minutes. Subsequently, mice were intranasally infused with 20 μl OVA (40 mg/ml). The animals were sacrificed via cervical dislocation at day 29.
Animals
Hydroxide, Aluminum
Inflammation
Injections, Intraperitoneal
Joint Dislocations
Mus
Nebulizers
Neck
Ovalbumin
Phosphates
Plexiglas
Pyrogens
Saline Solution
Four to six week-old female BALB/c mice were immunized via the footpad with 10 µg Stx1 or 3 µg Stx2 toxoid adsorbed to 250 µg aluminum hydroxide. The immunization protocols consisted of three booster injections of the toxoid (10 µg) in 0.01 M phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4 (PBS) at four-week intervals for Stx1 toxoid, and two booster injections (15 µg) with a 15-day interval for Stx2 toxoid. The experiments were conducted in agreement with the Ethical Principles in Animal Research, adopted by the Brazilian College of Animal Experimentation, and they were approved by the Ethical Committee for Animal Research of Butantan Institute (469/08).
The mouse with the highest antibody titer was boosted with 10 µg Stx1 or 15 µg Stx2 toxoid three days prior to cell fusion. Serum samples were obtained just before the first immunization by the retro-orbital sinus method to be used as the negative control in specific antibody evaluation. Serum samples were also obtained ten days after the last antigen injection and subsequently analyzed by ELISA.
The popliteal lymphnode cells were fused with SP2/O-Ag14 mouse myeloma cells (2:1) using polyethylene glycol 1500 [37 ], with modifications. Hybrids were selected in RPMI 1640 medium plus 3% HAT containing 10% FBS at 37 °C and 5% CO2. The supernatant fluids were screened for species-specific antibodies by indirect ELISA.
For ELISA, hybridoma supernatant (100 µL) was added to wells of a 96-well plate previously coated with 0.1 µg-purified toxins to screen cultures for antibody production. Antibody-secreting cells were expanded and cloned twice at limiting dilution. Hybridomas secreting MAbs were selected using STEC and other non-producing Stx isolates by capture ELISA.
The mouse with the highest antibody titer was boosted with 10 µg Stx1 or 15 µg Stx2 toxoid three days prior to cell fusion. Serum samples were obtained just before the first immunization by the retro-orbital sinus method to be used as the negative control in specific antibody evaluation. Serum samples were also obtained ten days after the last antigen injection and subsequently analyzed by ELISA.
The popliteal lymphnode cells were fused with SP2/O-Ag14 mouse myeloma cells (2:1) using polyethylene glycol 1500 [37 ], with modifications. Hybrids were selected in RPMI 1640 medium plus 3% HAT containing 10% FBS at 37 °C and 5% CO2. The supernatant fluids were screened for species-specific antibodies by indirect ELISA.
For ELISA, hybridoma supernatant (100 µL) was added to wells of a 96-well plate previously coated with 0.1 µg-purified toxins to screen cultures for antibody production. Antibody-secreting cells were expanded and cloned twice at limiting dilution. Hybridomas secreting MAbs were selected using STEC and other non-producing Stx isolates by capture ELISA.
Animals
Antibodies
Antibody-Secreting Cells
Antibody Formation
Antigens
Cells
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Females
Fusions, Cell
Hybridomas
Hybrids
Hydroxide, Aluminum
Immunoglobulins
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Monoclonal Antibodies
Multiple Myeloma
Mus
Nodes, Lymph
Phosphates
Polyethylene Glycols
Saline Solution
Secondary Immunization
Serum
Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli
Sinuses, Nasal
STX2 protein, human
Technique, Dilution
Toxins, Biological
Toxoids
Vaccination
Female BALB/c mice were purchased from Charles River Laboratories Inc. (Yokohama, Japan) and kept under specific pathogen-free conditions. For the immunization, 6 to 8-week-old mice were inoculated twice on day 0 and day 14 with 20 µg of purified G protein fragment via the sublingual (s.l.) or intranasal (i.n.) route. For s.l. immunization, mice were anesthetized by i.p. injection of ketamine and recombinant RSV G fragment with or without cholera toxin (2 µg) in 15 µl were delivered underneath the tongue. For i.n. immunization, mice were lightly anesthetized by isoflurane inhalation, and 50 µl of vaccine or PBS were applied to the left nostril. FI-RSV (1×105 PFU in 50 µl) with aluminum hydroxide (Sigma-Aldrich, Seoul, Korea) was administered once through the foot pad of anesthetized mice. As a positive control, live RSV (1×105 PFU) was i.n. delivered once. Three to four weeks after the last immunization, the mice were challenged i.n. with 1×106 or 2×106 PFU of live RSV A2, if necessary. All animal studies were performed with approval of our Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (Approval No. 2010-9-4).
Animals
Cholera Toxin
Females
Foot
GTP-Binding Proteins
Hydroxide, Aluminum
Inhalation
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees
Isoflurane
Ketamine
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Mus
Rivers
Specific Pathogen Free
Tongue
Vaccination
Vaccines
Most recents protocols related to «Hydroxide, Aluminum»
Example 1
In a 2 L stainless steel container, 730 g of aluminum hydroxide powder (commercially available from KANTO CHEMICAL CO., INC., Cica special grade) were added into 1110 mL of 48% sodium hydroxide solution (commercially available from KANTO CHEMICAL CO., INC., Cica special grade), and they were stirred at 124° C. for 1 hour to give a sodium aluminate solution (First Step).
After the sodium aluminate solution was cooled to 80° C., ion exchange water was added into the sodium aluminate solution to achieve a total amount of 1500 mL.
After 96 mL of the sodium aluminate solution were separated into a 1 L stainless steel container, pure water was added into the solution to achieve a total amount of 730 mL (concentration of the sodium aluminate solution: 0.8 mol/L). The solution was stirred with keeping a temperature thereof at 25° C., and the solution was aerated with carbon dioxide in an aeration amount of 0.7 L/min. for 60 minutes to give adjusted aluminum hydroxide slurry (low-crystallinity aluminum compound=pseudo-boehmite) (Second Step).
Separately, 49.5 g of magnesium oxide powder (commercially available from KANTO CHEMICAL CO., INC., special grade) were added to 327 mL of pure water, and they were stirred for 1 hour to give magnesium oxide slurry.
In a 1.5 L stainless steel container, the magnesium oxide slurry and the adjusted aluminum hydroxide slurry were added into 257 mL of pure water, and they were stirred at 55° C. for 90 minutes to cause a first-order reaction. As a result, a reactant containing hydrotalcite nuclear particles was prepared (Third Step).
Then, pure water was added to the reactant to give a solution in a total amount of 1 L. The solution was put into a 2 L autoclave, and a hydrothermal synthesis was performed at 160° C. for 7 hours. As a result, hydrotalcite particles slurry was synthesized (Fourth Step).
To the hydrotalcite particles slurry were added 4.3 g of stearic acid (3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of hydrotalcite particles) with keeping a temperature of the hydrotalcite particles slurry at 95° C. to perform a surface treatment on particles (Fifth Step). After the hydrotalcite particles slurry of which particles were surface treated was filtered and washed, a drying treatment was performed at 100° C. to give solid products of hydrotalcite particles. The produced hydrotalcite particles were subjected to an elemental analysis, resulting in that Mg/Al (molar ratio)=2.1.
In accordance with a method of Example 1 described in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2003-048712, hydrotalcite particles were synthesized.
In 150 g/L of NaOH solution in an amount of 3 L were dissolved 90 g of metal aluminum to give a solution. After 399 g of MgO were added to the solution, 174 g of Na2CO3 were added thereto and they were reacted with each other for 6 hours with stirring at 95° C. As a result, hydrotalcite particles slurry was synthesized.
To the hydrotalcite particles slurry were added 30 g of stearic acid (3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of hydrotalcite particles) with keeping a temperature of the hydrotalcite particles slurry at 95° C. to perform a surface treatment on particles. After the hydrotalcite particles slurry of which particles were surface treated was cooled, filtered and washed to give solid matters, a drying treatment was performed on the solid matters at 100° C. to give solid products of hydrotalcite particles.
Example 2
In a 2 L stainless steel container, 730 g of aluminum hydroxide powder (commercially available from KANTO CHEMICAL CO., INC., Cica special grade) were added into 1110 mL of 48% sodium hydroxide solution (commercially available from KANTO CHEMICAL CO., INC., Cica special grade), and they were stirred at 124° C. for 1 hour to give a sodium aluminate solution (First Step).
After the sodium aluminate solution was cooled to 80° C., ion exchange water was added into the sodium aluminate solution to achieve a total amount of 1500 mL.
After 96 mL of the sodium aluminate solution were separated into a 1 L stainless steel container, pure water was added into the solution to achieve a total amount of 730 mL (concentration of the sodium aluminate solution: 0.8 mol/L). The solution was stirred with keeping a temperature thereof at 30° C., and the solution was aerated with carbon dioxide in an aeration amount of 0.7 L/min. for 90 minutes to give adjusted aluminum hydroxide slurry (low-crystallinity aluminum compound=pseudo-boehmite) (Second Step).
Separately, 49.5 g of magnesium oxide powder (commercially available from KANTO CHEMICAL CO., INC., special grade) were added to 327 mL of pure water, and they were stirred for 1 hour to give magnesium oxide slurry.
In a 1.5 L stainless steel container, the magnesium oxide slurry and the adjusted aluminum hydroxide slurry were added into 257 mL of pure water, and they were stirred at 55° C. for 90 minutes to cause a first-order reaction. As a result, a reactant containing hydrotalcite nuclear particles was prepared (Third Step).
Then, pure water was added to the reactant to give a solution in a total amount of 1 L. The solution was put into a 2 L autoclave, and a hydrothermal synthesis was performed at 160° C. for 7 hours. As a result, hydrotalcite particles slurry was synthesized (Fourth Step).
To the hydrotalcite particles slurry were added 4.3 g of stearic acid (3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of hydrotalcite particles) with keeping a temperature of the hydrotalcite particles slurry at 95° C. to perform a surface treatment on particles (Fifth Step). After the hydrotalcite particles slurry of which particles were surface treated was filtered and washed, a drying treatment was performed at 100° C. to give solid products of hydrotalcite particles.
Solid products of hydrotalcite particles were produced in a same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that reaction conditions of 95° C. and 6 hours for synthesis of the hydrotalcite particles slurry in Comparative Example 1 were changed to hydrothermal reaction conditions of 170° C. and 6 hours.
Example 3
In a 2 L stainless steel container, 730 g of aluminum hydroxide powder (commercially available from KANTO CHEMICAL CO., INC., Cica special grade) were added into 1110 mL of 48% sodium hydroxide solution (commercially available from KANTO CHEMICAL CO., INC., Cica special grade), and they were stirred at 124° C. for 1 hour to give a sodium aluminate solution (First Step).
After the sodium aluminate solution was cooled to 80° C., ion exchange water was added into the sodium aluminate solution to achieve a total amount of 1500 mL.
After 96 mL of the sodium aluminate solution were separated into a 1 L stainless steel container, pure water was added into the solution to achieve a total amount of 730 mL (concentration of the sodium aluminate solution: 0.8 mol/L). The solution was stirred with keeping a temperature thereof at 60° C., and the solution was aerated with carbon dioxide in an aeration amount of 0.7 L/min. for 60 minutes to give adjusted aluminum hydroxide slurry (low-crystallinity aluminum compound=pseudo-boehmite) (Second Step).
Separately, 49.5 g of magnesium oxide powder (commercially available from KANTO CHEMICAL CO., INC., special grade) were added to 327 mL of pure water, and they were stirred for 1 hour to give magnesium oxide slurry.
In a 1.5 L stainless steel container, the magnesium oxide slurry and the adjusted aluminum hydroxide slurry were added into 257 mL of pure water, and they were stirred at 55° C. for 90 minutes to cause a first-order reaction. As a result, a reactant containing hydrotalcite nuclear particles was prepared (Third Step).
Then, pure water was added to the reactant to give a solution in a total amount of 1 L. The solution was put into a 2 L autoclave, and a hydrothermal synthesis was performed at 160° C. for 7 hours. As a result, hydrotalcite particles slurry was synthesized (Fourth Step).
To the hydrotalcite particles slurry were added 4.3 g of stearic acid (3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of hydrotalcite particles) with keeping a temperature of the hydrotalcite particles slurry at 95° C. to perform a surface treatment on particles (Fifth Step). After the hydrotalcite particles slurry of which particles were surface treated was filtered and washed, a drying treatment was performed at 100° C. to give solid products of hydrotalcite particles.
In accordance with a method of Example 1 described in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2013-103854, hydrotalcite particles were synthesized.
Into a 5 L container were added 447.3 g of magnesium hydroxide (d50=4.0 μm) and 299.2 g of aluminum hydroxide (d50=8.0 μm), and water was added thereto to achieve a total amount of 3 L. They were stirred for 10 minutes to prepare slurry. The slurry had physical properties of d50=10 μm and d90=75 μm. Then, the slurry was subjected to wet grinding for 18 minutes (residence time) by using Dinomill MULTILAB (wet grinding apparatus) with controlling a slurry temperature during grinding by using a cooling unit so as not to exceed 40° C. As a result, ground slurry had physical properties of d50=1.0 μm, d90=3.5 μm, and slurry viscosity=5000 cP. Then, sodium hydrogen carbonate was added to 2 L of the ground slurry such that an amount of the sodium hydrogen carbonate was ½ mole with respect to 1 mole of the magnesium hydroxide. Water was added thereto to achieve a total amount of 8 L, and they were stirred for 10 minutes to give slurry. Into an autoclave was put 3 L of the slurry, and a hydrothermal reaction was caused at 170° C. for 2 hours. As a result, hydrotalcite particles slurry was synthesized.
To the hydrotalcite particles slum were added 6.8 g of stearic acid (3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of hydrotalcite particles) with keeping a temperature of the hydrotalcite particles slurry at 95° C. to perform a surface treatment on particles. After solids were filtered by filtration, the filtrated cake was washed with 9 L of ion exchange water at 35° C. The filtrated cake was further washed with 100 mL of ion exchange water, and a conductance of water used for washing was measured. As a result, the conductance of this water was 50 μS/sm (25° C.). The water-washed cake was dried at 100° C. for 24 hours and was ground to give solid products of hydrotalcite particles.
Example 5
In a 2 L stainless steel container, 730 g of aluminum hydroxide powder (commercially available from KANTO CHEMICAL CO., INC., Cica special grade) were added into 1110 mL of 48% sodium hydroxide solution (commercially available from KANTO CHEMICAL CO., INC., Cica special grade), and they were stirred at 124° C. for 1 hour to give a sodium aluminate solution (First Step).
After the sodium aluminate solution was cooled to 80° C., ion exchange water was added into the sodium aluminate solution to achieve a total amount of 1500 mL.
After 192 mL of the sodium aluminate solution were separated into a 1 L stainless steel container, pure water was added into the solution to achieve a total amount of 730 mL (concentration of the sodium aluminate solution: 1.6 mol/L). The solution was stirred with keeping a temperature thereof at 30° C., and the solution was aerated with carbon dioxide in an aeration amount of 0.7 L/min. for 90 minutes to give adjusted aluminum hydroxide slurry (low-crystallinity aluminum compound=pseudo-boehmite) (Second Step).
Separately, 49.5 g of magnesium oxide powder (commercially available from KANTO CHEMICAL CO., INC., special grade) were added to 327 mL of pure water, and they were stirred for 1 hour to give magnesium oxide slurry.
In a 1.5 L stainless steel container, the magnesium oxide slurry and the adjusted aluminum hydroxide slurry were added into 257 mL of pure water, and they were stirred at 55° C. for 90 minutes to cause a first-order reaction. As a result, a reactant containing hydrotalcite nuclear particles was prepared (Third Step).
Then, pure water was added to the reactant to give a solution in a total amount of 1 L. The solution was put into a 2 L autoclave, and a hydrothermal synthesis was performed at 160° C. for 7 hours. As a result, hydrotalcite particles slurry was synthesized (Fourth Step).
To the hydrotalcite particles slurry were added 4.3 g of stearic acid (3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of hydrotalcite particles) with keeping a temperature of the hydrotalcite particles slurry at 95° C. to perform a surface treatment on particles (Fifth Step). After the hydrotalcite particles slurry of which particles were surface treated was filtered and washed, a drying treatment was performed at 100° C. to give solid products of hydrotalcite particles.
In accordance with a method of Example 1 described in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. H06-136179, hydrotalcite particles were synthesized.
To 1 L of water were added 39.17 g of sodium hydroxide and 11.16 g of sodium carbonate with stirring, and they were heated to 40° C. Then, to 500 mL of distilled water were added 61.28 g of magnesium chloride (19.7% as MgO), 37.33 g of aluminum chloride (20.5% as Al2O3), and 2.84 g of ammonium chloride (31.5% as NH3) such that a molar ratio of Mg to Al, Mg/Al, was 2.0 and a molar ratio of NH3 to Al, NH3/Al, was 0.35. As a result, an aqueous solution A was prepared. The aqueous solution A was gradually poured into a reaction system of the sodium hydroxide and the sodium carbonate. The reaction system after pouring had pH of 10.2. Moreover, a reaction of the reaction system was caused at 90° C. for about 20 hours with stirring to give hydrotalcite particles slurry.
To the hydrotalcite particles slurry were added 1.1 g of stearic acid, and a surface treatment was performed on particles with stirring to give a reacted suspension. The reacted suspension was subjected to filtration and water washing, and then the reacted suspension was subjected to drying at 70° C. The dried suspension was ground by a compact sample mill to give solid products of hydrotalcite particles.
A-A-1 antibiotic
Aluminum
Aluminum Chloride
aluminum oxide hydroxide
Anabolism
Bicarbonate, Sodium
Carbon dioxide
Chloride, Ammonium
Filtration
hydrotalcite
Hydroxide, Aluminum
Ion Exchange
Japanese
Magnesium Chloride
Magnesium Hydroxide
Molar
Oxide, Magnesium
Physical Processes
Powder
Resins, Plant
sodium aluminate
sodium carbonate
Sodium Hydroxide
Stainless Steel
stearic acid
Suby's G solution
Viscosity
For the synthesis of calcium monosulfoaluminate, reagent-grade materials were used:
Calcium carbonate (CaCO3, Eksparas, Lithuania), with purity ≥ 99.0 wt.% of CaCO3;
Aluminium hydroxide (Al(OH)3, Honeywell, Germany) with purity ≥ 99.0 wt.% of Al(OH)3;
Gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O, Lach–Ner, Poland), which consisted of 27.07 wt.% of Ca, 20.64 wt.% of S, and other substances (up to ~ 1% wt.%).
Anabolism
Calcium, Dietary
calcium oxide
Carbonate, Calcium
Dehydration
Electricity
Elimite
Gypsum
Hydroxide, Aluminum
Oxide, Aluminum
All patients were treated by the medical team of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University between 20 December 2021, and 20 January 2022. The eligible discharged patients were screened in this retrospective study (Figure 1 ), and patients younger than 5 years old were excluded. Patients with incomplete and inaccurate baseline data were also excluded from this study. All patients were confirmed to infect with SARS-CoV-2 delta variant by Xi’an CDC (Center for Disease Control and Prevention). There were 31 patients who did not receive any vaccination (non-vaccination group, NV), 21 patients who received only one-dose vaccination (one-vaccination group, OV) and 60 patients who received two- or three-dose vaccination (two-vaccination group, TV). All vaccinated patients received inactivated vaccines (inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine CoronaVac, and aluminium hydroxide as adjuvant. Sinovac life sciences Co. Ltd.). All patients underwent nasopharyngeal swab sample collection according to the national guidelines [16 (link)] and were diagnosed via SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid amplification tests, and the results were confirmed by the Xi’an Center for Disease Control and Prevention. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, and all patients provided written informed consent. All research methods were carried out in compliance with the relevant declarations of medical ethics and the Declaration of Helsinki.
CoronaVac
Ethics Committees, Clinical
Hydroxide, Aluminum
Nasopharynx
Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests
Patients
Pharmaceutical Adjuvants
SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 variant
SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccines
Specimen Collection
Vaccination
Vaccines, Inactivated
Youth
Asthma was induced in 6-week-old female BALB/c mice (JA Bio, Suwon, Korea) by sensitization with intraperitoneal injections of 100 µg of OVAlbumin (OVA, Sigma-Aldrich) and 2 mg of aluminum hydroxide (Sigma-Aldrich) on Days 0 and 7, followed by allergen challenge via intranasal injection of 50 μg of OVA on Days 14, 15, 16, 21, 22, and 23, as reported previously27 (link). After 17 days, 3 × 105 hUC-MSCs stably expressing a control (shCTR) or ATF2-specific (shATF2) shRNA construct were suspended in 100 µL of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and injected via the tail vein. The same procedure was applied for the administration of hUC-MSCs or hES-MSCs, which were expanded under normal (naïve) culture conditions or using the PFO procedure. PBS alone was injected as a control (sham and asthma groups). Mice were randomly allocated to treatment groups, and the order of allergen sensitization or challenge and injection of MSCs or vehicle was randomized. Treatment groups were masked to investigators who participated in the therapeutic evaluation procedures.
Allergens
Asthma
Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein A
Hydroxide, Aluminum
Injections, Intraperitoneal
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Mus
Ovalbumin
Phosphates
Saline Solution
Short Hairpin RNA
Tail
Therapeutics
Veins
Woman
All TB-MAPS vaccines were formulated the day prior to immunization. MAPS complexes were diluted to the appropriate concentration in saline and then mixed with aluminum hydroxide (Alum) (Brenntag) (1.25-mg/mL final concentration) in 5-mL tubes and incubated at 4°C overnight with rotation (24 rpm). Six-week-old female mice (n = 10) received subcutaneous immunizations on the upper back, once every other week for a total of 3 injections. For MAPS1, mice received 10 μg of each Mtb complex and 5 μg of lipidated rhavi complex per dose per mouse. For MAPS2, mice received 12.5 μg of rhavi-ESAT6/CFP10-MPT64 complex and rhavi-TB9.8/TB10.4-MPT83 complex, 5 μg of rhavi-MPT51 complex, and 2.5 μg of lipidated rhavi complex per dose per mouse. The control groups received Alum (1.25-mg/mL final concentration in saline) alone. For BCG immunization, mice received one subcutaneous injection of 200 μL of BCG vaccine (Merck, diluted to 1 × 105 CFU in 200 μL with saline just before immunization). The control group received 200 μL of saline. For BCG followed by MAPS2, mice received one subcutaneous injection with BCG and, 1 month later, received two boosters of MAPS2 at a 2-week interval. The control group received BCG followed by Alum. For BCG and MAPS2 coadministration, mice received one injection of BCG and one injection of MAPS2 at opposite flanks for the first immunization and, 1 month later, received two boosters of MAPS2 at a 2-week interval. For IL-12p40 neutralization studies, mice received 500 μg anti-IL-12p40 antibody (clone 17.8; BioXcell, Lebanon, NH) or isotype control antibody (clone 2A3; BioXcell, Lebanon, NH) via intraperitoneal injection 1 day before and 3 days after each immunization.
alum, potassium
Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic
BCG Vaccine
Clone Cells
Females
Hydroxide, Aluminum
Immunization
Immunoglobulin Isotypes
Immunoglobulins
Injections, Intraperitoneal
Interleukin-12 Subunit p40
Microtubule-Associated Proteins
Mus
Saline Solution
Secondary Immunization
Subcutaneous Injections
Vaccination
Vaccines
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The OVA is a laboratory equipment product designed for the detection and analysis of eggs or ova. It provides a reliable and standardized method for sample preparation and observation. The core function of the OVA is to facilitate the identification and quantification of eggs or ova in various samples.
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Aluminum hydroxide is a chemical compound with the formula Al(OH)3. It is a white, odorless, and tasteless powder that is insoluble in water. Aluminum hydroxide is primarily used as a food additive, antacid, and in the production of other aluminum compounds.
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Aluminum hydroxide is a white, crystalline compound with the chemical formula Al(OH)3. It is a commonly used laboratory reagent and has a variety of applications in the scientific and industrial fields.
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Imject Alum is a laboratory product used as an adjuvant. It is designed to enhance the immune response to administered antigens.
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BALB/c mice are an inbred strain of laboratory mice commonly used in scientific research. They are a widely utilized model organism for various experiments and studies. The BALB/c strain is known for its susceptibility to certain diseases and its ability to produce high levels of antibodies, making it a valuable tool for immunological research.
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Aluminium hydroxide is a chemical compound with the formula Al(OH)3. It is a white, odorless, and tasteless powder that is insoluble in water. The primary function of aluminium hydroxide is as a chemical intermediate in the production of other aluminium compounds and materials.
More about "Hydroxide, Aluminum"
Aluminum hydroxide, also known as Al(OH)3 or alum, is a versatile inorganic compound with a wide range of applications in various industries.
This white, odorless, and tasteless powder is insoluble in water and has a multitude of uses, from serving as an antacid and phosphate binder in the medical field to its utilization in water treatment, fire retardants, and the production of ceramics and refractories.
Aluminum hydroxide plays a crucial role in many industrial and medical processes, making it an essential chemical compound to understand and optimize.
As an adjuvant, it is commonly used in vaccines to enhance the immune response, such as in the Imject Alum Adjuvant product.
In the context of research, aluminum hydroxide can be used as a carrier for ovalbumin (OVA), a well-known model antigen, to study immune responses in animal models like BALB/c mice.
Dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid, has also been studied in combination with aluminum hydroxide (e.g., Alhydrogel) to explore its potential as a vaccine adjuvant.
These research efforts aim to uncover new applications and optimize the performance of this versatile compound.
PubCompare.ai's AI-driven comparisons can help streamline your research on aluminum hydroxide, allowing you to quickly identify the best protocols and products for reproducibility and accuracy.
By leveraging the power of artificial intelligence, you can navigate the vast landscape of literature, preprints, and patents, and discover the most relevant and effective approaches for your specific research needs.
This white, odorless, and tasteless powder is insoluble in water and has a multitude of uses, from serving as an antacid and phosphate binder in the medical field to its utilization in water treatment, fire retardants, and the production of ceramics and refractories.
Aluminum hydroxide plays a crucial role in many industrial and medical processes, making it an essential chemical compound to understand and optimize.
As an adjuvant, it is commonly used in vaccines to enhance the immune response, such as in the Imject Alum Adjuvant product.
In the context of research, aluminum hydroxide can be used as a carrier for ovalbumin (OVA), a well-known model antigen, to study immune responses in animal models like BALB/c mice.
Dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid, has also been studied in combination with aluminum hydroxide (e.g., Alhydrogel) to explore its potential as a vaccine adjuvant.
These research efforts aim to uncover new applications and optimize the performance of this versatile compound.
PubCompare.ai's AI-driven comparisons can help streamline your research on aluminum hydroxide, allowing you to quickly identify the best protocols and products for reproducibility and accuracy.
By leveraging the power of artificial intelligence, you can navigate the vast landscape of literature, preprints, and patents, and discover the most relevant and effective approaches for your specific research needs.