> Chemicals & Drugs > Inorganic Chemical > Sodium phosphate

Sodium phosphate

Q: What are the different types or variations of sodium phosphate?

Sodium phosphate refers to a family of chemical compounds with the general formula Na3PO4. The most common forms include anhydrous sodium phosphate, monohydrate, and dihydrate. These variations differ in their water content and physical properties, which can impact their specific applications in research, industry, and medicine.

Q: What are the key biological functions of sodium phosphate?

Sodium phosphate plays a critical role in several important biological processes. It is involved in cell signaling pathways, energy metabolism, and bone development. Sodium phosphate helps maintain the body's pH balance and supports the proper functioning of enzymes and other biomolecules.

Q: What are some common applications of sodium phosphate?

Sodium phosphate has a wide range of applications in research, industry, and medicine. It is used as a food additive, a cleaning agent, a fertilizer, and a buffering agent in biochemical assays. In the medical field, sodium phosphate is employed as a laxative, a supplement to treat certain mineral deficiencies, and a component in dental care products.

Sodium phosphate is a chemical compound with the formula Na3PO4.
It is a common salt with a wide range of applications in research, industry, and medicine.
Sodium phosphate plays a key role in various biological processes, including cell signaling, energy metabolism, and bone development.
Researchers can use PubCompare.ai to easily locate protocols from literature, preprints, and patents related to sodium phosphate, while also receiving valuable comparissons to identify the best methods and products.
This can enhance reproducibility and accuracy in your sodium phosphate research.

Most cited protocols related to «Sodium phosphate»

Cellular Fractionation and Immunoblotting

All cells used in this study were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). HeLa (human cervical cancer, ATCC# CCL-13), HCT116 (human colorectal cancer, ATCC# CCL-247), HEK293 (adenovirus infected human embryonic kidney, ATCC# CRL-1573) and HS68 (normal HDF, ATCC# CRL-1635) cells grown as monolayers in 10 cm diameter dishes were washed in ice-cold phosphate buffer saline (PBS) pH 7.4, scraped from culture dishes on ice using a plastic cell scraper and collected in 1.5 ml micro-centrifuge tubes in 1 mL of ice-cold PBS. After centrifugation (a "pop-spin" for 10 sec in an Eppendorf table top microfuge), supernatants were removed from each sample and cell pellets were resuspended in 900 μL of ice-cold 0.1% NP40 (Calbiochem, CA, USA) in PBS and triturated 5 times using a p1000 micropipette (Gilson, WI, USA). 300 μL of the lysate was removed as "whole cell lysate" and 100 μL of 4 × Laemmli sample buffer was added to it, then kept on ice until the sonication step. The remaining (600 μL) material was centrifuged for 10 sec in 1.5 ml micro-centrifuge tubes and 300 μl of the supernatant was removed as the "cytosolic fraction". 100 μL of 4 × Laemmli sample buffer was added to this fraction and boiled for 1 min. After the remaining supernatant was removed, the pellet was resuspended in 1 ml of ice-cold 0.1% NP40 in PBS and centrifuged as above for 10 sec and the supernatant was discarded. The pellet (~20 μL) was resuspended with 180 μL of 1 × Laemmli sample buffer and designated as "nuclear fraction". Nuclear fractions and whole cell lysates that contained DNA were sonicated using microprobes (Misonix, NY, USA) at level 2, twice for 5 sec each, followed by boiling for 1 min. 10 μL, 10 μL and 5 μL of whole cell lysate, cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions, respectively, were loaded and electrophoresed using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) [12 (link)] and transferred to nitrocellulose membranes (Pall Life Sciences, FL, USA). Membranes were incubated with anti-pyruvate kinase (Santa Cruz, CA, USA) or anti-α-tubulin (Calbiochem, CA, USA) antibodies as cytoplasmic markers or anti-lamin A (Santa Cruz, CA, USA) or anti-nucleoporin (Santa Cruz, CA, USA) as nuclear markers after blocking with 3% bovine serum albumin in 0.1% tween 20-PBS (t-PBS). Membranes were washed with t-PBS followed by incubation with HRP-conjugated anti-rabbit or anti-mouse secondary antibody. After washing with t-PBS, target protein signals were detected by ECL (GE Healthcare, Buckinghamshire, UK) on Kodak X-ray film.

Suzuki K., Bose P., Leong-Quong R.Y., Fujita D.J, & Riabowol K. (2010). REAP: A two minute cell fractionation method. BMC Research Notes, 3, 294.

Full text: Click here

Publication 2010

Optimizing Cardiac Differentiation of Pluripotent Stem Cells

Both hiPSCs and hESCs (>p20) were split at 1:10 or 1:12 ratios, using EDTA as above and grown for 4 days, at which time they reached ~85% confluence. Medium was changed to CDM3, consisting of RPMI 1640 (11875, Life Technologies), 500 µg/mL Oryza sativa-derived recombinant human albumin (A0237, Sigma-Aldrich, 75 mg/mL stock solution in WFI H₂O, stored at −20 °C), and 213 µg/mL L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate (Sigma-Aldrich, 64 mg/mL stock solution in WFI H₂O, stored at −20 °C). Medium was changed every other day (48 h). For d0-d2, medium was supplemented with 6 µM CHIR99021 (LC Laboratories). On d2, medium was changed to CDM3 supplemented with 2 µM Wnt-C59 (Selleck Chemicals). Medium was changed on d4 and every other day for CDM3. Contracting cells were noted from d7.
Other additions to cardiac differentiation media tested were 10.7 µg/mL recombinant human transferrin, 14 µg/mL sodium selenite, 1 µg/mL linoleic acid, 1 µg/mL linolenic acid, 2 ng/mL triiodo-l-thyronine, 2 µg/mL L-carnitine, 1 µg/mL D,L-alpha-tocopherol acetate, 100 ng/mL retinol acetate, 1 µg/mL ethanolamine, 20 ng/mL corticosterone, 9 ng/mL progesterone, 47 ng/mL lipoic acid, 100 ng/mL retinol, 1 µg/mL D,L-alpha-tocopherol, 100 ng/mL biotin, 2.5 ug/mL catalase, 2.5 µg/mL glutathione, 2.5 µg/mL superoxide dismutase, 2 µg/mL L-carnitine, 15 µg/mL D(+)-galactose, 16.1 µg/mL putrescine, 450 µM 1-thioglycerol, 55 µM 2-mercaptoethanol, and 64 µg/mL L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate (all from Sigma-Aldrich).
Basal media assessed were DMEM (catalogue #11965), DMEM/F12 (11330), IMDM (12440), IMDM/F12 (12440/11765), RPMI 1640 (11875), McCoy’s 5A (16600), M199 (with Earle’s Salts, 11150), MEMα (with Earle’s Salts, no nucleosides, 12561), and MEM (with Earle’s Salts, 11095) (all from Life Technologies). RPMI 1640 media assessed were RPMI 1640 with L-glutamine (catalogue number 11875), RPMI 1640 with L-glutamine and HEPES (22400), RPMI 1640 with GlutaMAX (61870), and RPMI with GlutaMAX and HEPES (72400) (all from Life Technologies).
Albumin sources assessed were human serum albumin (A1653, Sigma-Aldrich), Oryza sativa-derived recombinant human albumin (A0237, Sigma-Aldrich), Saccharomyces cerevisiae-derived recombinant Albucult (Novozymes Biopahrma/A6608, Sigma Aldrich), Oryza sativa-derived recombinant Cellastim (Invitria/A9731, Sigma Aldrich), and embryo-grade bovine serum albumin (A3311, Sigma Aldrich).
Wnt inhibitors assessed were IWP-2, IWR-1 (both Sigma-Aldrich), XAV-939, ICG-001 (Selleck Chemicals), IWP-4 (Stemgent), and Wnt-C59 (Selleck Chemicals). GSK3B inhibitors assessed were CHIR99021 (LC Laboratories), BIO, TWS119 (Selleck Chemicals), 1-azenkenpaullone, TDZD-8, ARA014418, and 3F8 (all Sigma-Aldrich). Inhibitors used for pathway analysis were PD173074, SB203580, LDN193189, SB431542 (all Selleck Chemicals), SU5402, Dorsomorphin, A83-01 (all Tocris), ALK5 inhibitor (Stemgent), and ITD-1 (Xcessbio). All small molecules were resuspended to 10 mM in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and used at 5 µM except for Wnt-C59 which was used at 2 µM.
For control treatments (0 µM) 0.1% DMSO was used. Comparisons of differentiation media were made to RPMI+B27-ins consisting of RPMI 1640 (11875) supplemented with 2% B27 without insulin (0050129SA, Life Technologies), and StemPro-34 (Life Technologies) supplemented as shown in Supplementary Table 1. LI-APEL low insulin medium and Xeno-free Differentiation Medium were made as described^{2 (link), 9 (link), 48 (link)}. For optimization of cardiac differentiation conditions, cells were differentiated in 12-well plates and samples were analyzed at day 15 of differentiation after dissociation with TrypLE Express for 10 min at 37 °C.

Burridge P.W., Matsa E., Shukla P., Lin Z.C., Churko J.M., Ebert A.D., Lan F., Diecke S., Huber B., Mordwinkin N.M., Plews J.R., Abilez O.J., Cui B., Gold J.D, & Wu J.C. (2014). Chemically Defined and Small Molecule-Based Generation of Human Cardiomyocytes. Nature methods, 11(8), 855-860.

Publication 2014

Comprehensive Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Assays

Antioxidant (DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging, reducing power (CUPRAC and FRAP), phosphomolybdenum, and metal chelating (ferrozine method)) and enzyme inhibitory activities [cholinesterase (ChE) Elmann’s method], tyrosinase (dopachrome method), α-amylase (iodine/potassium iodide method), and α -glucosidase (chromogenic PNPG method)) were determined using the methods previously described by Zengin et al. (2014) (link) and Dezsi et al. (2015) (link).
For the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay: Sample solution (1 mg/mL; 1 mL) was added to 4 mL of a 0.004% methanol solution of DPPH. The sample absorbance was read at 517 nm after a 30 min incubation at room temperature in the dark. DPPH radical scavenging activity was expressed as millimoles of trolox equivalents (mg TE/g extract).
For ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline) 6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging assay: Briefly, ABTS+ was produced directly by reacting 7 mM ABTS solution with 2.45 mM potassium persulfate and allowing the mixture to stand for 12–16 in the dark at room temperature. Prior to beginning the assay, ABTS solution was diluted with methanol to an absorbance of 0.700 ± 0.02 at 734 nm. Sample solution (1 mg/mL; 1 mL) was added to ABTS solution (2 mL) and mixed. The sample absorbance was read at 734 nm after a 30 min incubation at room temperature. The ABTS radical scavenging activity was expressed as millimoles of trolox equivalents (mmol TE/g extract) (Mocan et al., 2016a (link)).
For CUPRAC (cupric ion reducing activity) activity assay: Sample solution (1 mg/mL; 0.5 mL) was added to premixed reaction mixture containing CuCl₂ (1 mL, 10 mM), neocuproine (1 mL, 7.5 mM) and NH₄Ac buffer (1 mL, 1 M, pH 7.0). Similarly, a blank was prepared by adding sample solution (0.5 mL) to premixed reaction mixture (3 mL) without CuCl₂. Then, the sample and blank absorbances were read at 450 nm after a 30 min incubation at room temperature. The absorbance of the blank was subtracted from that of the sample. CUPRAC activity was expressed as milligrams of trolox equivalents (mg TE/g extract).
For FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) activity assay: Sample solution (1 mg/mL; 0.1 mL) was added to premixed FRAP reagent (2 mL) containing acetate buffer (0.3 M, pH 3.6), 2,4,6-tris(2-pyridyl)-S-triazine (TPTZ) (10 mM) in 40 mM HCl and ferric chloride (20 mM) in a ratio of 10:1:1 (v/v/v). Then, the sample absorbance was read at 593 nm after a 30 min incubation at room temperature. FRAP activity was expressed as milligrams of trolox equivalents (mg TE/g extract).
For phosphomolybdenum method: Sample solution (1 mg/mL; 0.3 mL) was combined with 3 mL of reagent solution (0.6 M sulfuric acid, 28 mM sodium phosphate and 4 mM ammonium molybdate). The sample absorbance was read at 695 nm after a 90 min incubation at 95°C. The total antioxidant capacity was expressed as millimoles of trolox equivalents (mmol TE/g extract) (Mocan et al., 2016c (link)).
For metal chelating activity assay: Briefly, sample solution (1 mg/mL; 2 mL) was added to FeCl₂ solution (0.05 mL, 2 mM). The reaction was initiated by the addition of 5 mM ferrozine (0.2 mL). Similarly, a blank was prepared by adding sample solution (2 mL) to FeCl₂ solution (0.05 mL, 2 mM) and water (0.2 mL) without ferrozine. Then, the sample and blank absorbances were read at 562 nm after 10 min incubation at room temperature. The absorbance of the blank was sub-tracted from that of the sample. The metal chelating activity was expressed as milligrams of EDTA (disodium edetate) equivalents (mg EDTAE/g extract).
For ChE inhibitory activity assay: Sample solution (1 mg/mL; 50 μL) was mixed with DTNB (5,5-dithio-bis(2-nitrobenzoic) acid, Sigma, St. Louis, MO, United States) (125 μL) and AChE [acetylcholines-terase (Electric ell AChE, Type-VI-S, EC 3.1.1.7, Sigma)], or BChE [BChE (horse serum BChE, EC 3.1.1.8, Sigma)] solution (25 μL) in Tris–HCl buffer (pH 8.0) in a 96-well microplate and incubated for 15 min at 25°C. The reaction was then initiated with the addition of acetylthiocholine iodide (ATCI, Sigma) or butyrylthiocholine chloride (BTCl, Sigma) (25 μL). Similarly, a blank was prepared by adding sample solution to all reaction reagents without enzyme (AChE or BChE) solution. The sample and blank absorbances were read at 405 nm after 10 min incubation at 25°C. The absorbance of the blank was subtracted from that of the sample and the cholinesterase inhibitory activity was expressed as galanthamine equivalents (mgGALAE/g extract) (Mocan et al., 2016b (link)).
For Tyrosinase inhibitory activity assay: Sample solution (1 mg/mL; 25 μL) was mixed with tyrosinase solution (40 μL, Sigma) and phosphate buffer (100 μL, pH 6.8) in a 96-well microplate and incubated for 15 min at 25°C. The reaction was then initiated with the addition of L-DOPA (40 μL, Sigma). Similarly, a blank was prepared by adding sample solution to all reaction reagents without enzyme (tyrosinase) solution. The sample and blank absorbances were read at 492 nm after a 10 min incubation at 25°C. The absorbance of the blank was subtracted from that of the sample and the tyrosinase inhibitory activity was expressed as kojic acid equivalents (mgKAE/g extract) (Mocan et al., 2017 (link)).
For α-amylase inhibitory activity assay: Sample solution (1 mg/mL; 25 μL) was mixed with α-amylase solution (ex-porcine pancreas, EC 3.2.1.1, Sigma) (50 μL) in phosphate buffer (pH 6.9 with 6 mM sodium chloride) in a 96-well microplate and incubated for 10 min at 37°C. After pre-incubation, the reaction was initiated with the addition of starch solution (50 μL, 0.05%). Similarly, a blank was prepared by adding sample solution to all reaction reagents without enzyme (α-amylase) solution. The reaction mixture was incubated 10 min at 37°C. The reaction was then stopped with the addition of HCl (25 μL, 1 M). This was followed by addition of the iodine-potassium iodide solution (100 μL). The sample and blank absorbances were read at 630 nm. The absorbance of the blank was subtracted from that of the sample and the α-amylase inhibitory activity was expressed as acarbose equivalents (mmol ACE/g extract) (Savran et al., 2016 (link)).
For α-glucosidase inhibitory activity assay: Sample solution (1 mg/mL; 50 μL) was mixed with glutathione (50 μL), α-glucosidase solution (from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, EC 3.2.1.20, Sigma) (50 μL) in phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) and PNPG (4-N-trophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside, Sigma) (50 μL) in a 96-well microplate and incubated for 15 min at 37°C. Similarly, a blank was prepared by adding sample solution to all reaction reagents without enzyme (α-glucosidase) solution. The reaction was then stopped with the addition of sodium carbonate (50 μL, 0.2 M). The sample and blank absorbances were read at 400 nm. The absorbance of the blank was subtracted from that of the sample and the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was expressed as acarbose equivalents (mmol ACE/g extract) (Llorent-Martínez et al., 2016 (link)).
All the assays were carried out in triplicate. The results are expressed as mean values and standard deviation (SD). The differences between the different extracts were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s honestly significant difference post hoc test with α = 0.05. This treatment was carried out using SPSS v. 14.0 program.

Uysal S., Zengin G., Locatelli M., Bahadori M.B., Mocan A., Bellagamba G., De Luca E., Mollica A, & Aktumsek A. (2017). Cytotoxic and Enzyme Inhibitory Potential of Two Potentilla species (P. speciosa L. and P. reptans Willd.) and Their Chemical Composition. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 8, 290.

Full text: Click here

Publication 2017

Maintaining Human Embryonic Stem Cells

Human ES cells (H1 and H9) were usually maintained in specific media on Matrigel-coated tissue culture plates^{32 (link)}. Cells were passaged routinely with EDTA as described previously^{13 (link)}. Briefly, cells were washed twice with PBS/EDTA medium (0.5 mM EDTA in PBS, osmolarity 340 mOsm), then incubated with PBS/EDTA for 5 minutes at 37°C. PBS/EDTA was removed, and cells were washed off swiftly with a small volume of corresponding media.
E8 media composition: Media contained DMEM/F12, L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate magnesium (64 mg/l), sodium selenium (14 µg/l), FGF2 (100 µg/l), insulin (19.4 mg/l), NaHCO₃ (543 mg/l) and transferrin (10.7 mg/l), TGFβ1(2 µg/l) or NODAL (100 µg/l). Osmolarity of all media was adjusted to 340 mOsm at pH7.4. All the media were stored at 4°C, and were used within 2 weeks of production. L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate magnesium is the stable form of L-ascorbic acid in cell culture.

Chen G., Gulbranson D.R., Hou Z., Bolin J.M., Ruotti V., Probasco M.D., Smuga-Otto K., Howden S.E., Diol N.R., Propson N.E., Wagner R., Lee G.O., Antosiewicz-Bourget J., Teng J.M, & Thomson J.A. (2011). Chemically defined conditions for human iPS cell derivation and culture. Nature methods, 8(5), 424-429.

Publication 2011

Ascorbic Acid Bicarbonate, Sodium Edetic Acid Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 Human Embryonic Stem Cells Insulin L Forms magnesium ascorbate-2-phosphate matrigel Osmolarity Selenium Sodium TGF-beta1 Tissues Transferrin

Whole-mount in situ hybridization of planarians

Unless otherwise noted, asexual planarians 1–5 mm in length were processed for WISH essentially as described [21 (link)] with the following significant modifications: the reduction step prior to dehydration was omitted. Bleaching was performed for 2 hours in formamide bleaching solution (1.2% H₂O₂, 5% formamide, and 0.5xSSC [32 ]). For regenerating planarians, the Proteinase K/post fixation steps were replaced with a 10 minute boiling step in 10 mM sodium citrate pH 6.0 with 0.05% Tween20, followed by a 20 minute room temperature incubation in PBSTx (Phosphate Buffered Saline [32 ], 0.3% Triton X-100) with 1% SDS. Blocking and antibody incubation for peroxidase-conjugated anti-digoxigenin (1:2,000 [Roche]), anti-fluorescein (1:2,000 [Roche]), and anti-dinitrophenol (1:300 [PerkinElmer]) were performed with 5% horse serum and 0.5% RWBR in TNTx (100 mM Tris pH 7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 0.3% Triton X-100). For chromogenic detection using alkaline phosphatase-conjugated anti-digoxigenin antibody (1:2,000 [Roche]), antibody incubation and blocking were performed with 5% horse serum in TNTx, and post-antibody washes were with TNTx prior to development as described in [21 (link)].

King R.S, & Newmark P.A. (2013). In situ hybridization protocol for enhanced detection of gene expression in the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea. BMC Developmental Biology, 13, 8.

Full text: Click here

Publication 2013

Alkaline Phosphatase Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic azo rubin S Dehydration Digoxigenin Dinitrophenols Endopeptidase K Equus caballus Fluorescein formamide Immunoglobulins Peroxidase Peroxide, Hydrogen Phosphates Planarians Saline Solution Serum Sodium Chloride Sodium Citrate Triton X-100 Tromethamine Tween 20

Most recents protocols related to «Sodium phosphate»

HPLC Quantification of Dexamethasone

Protocol full text hidden due to copyright restrictions

Open the protocol to access the free full text link

Publication 2024

Stabilizing hydrocortisone sodium phosphate

Not available on PMC !

Example 1

Antioxidants, chelating agent, buffer agents used in the stability study are listed in the following table:

Inactive ingredients used in the formulation development;

TABLE 1

InactiveQualityLevel used inFDA IIG Limit

ingredientFunctionalityStandardthe studyfor IM

EdetateChelating agentUSP0.02%w/v10%w/v

disodium

Sodium sulfiteAntioxidantUSP0.2%w/v0.2%w/v

SodiumAntioxidantUSP-NF0.2%w/v0.2%w/v

formaldehyde

sulfoxylate

MonothioglycerolAntioxidantUSP-NF0.5%w/v0.5%w/v

Ascorbic acidAntioxidantUSP0.2%w/v0.2%w/v

MethionineAntioxidantUSP0.05%w/v0.05%w/v

NiacinamideStabilizerUSP2.5%w/v2.5%w/v

CreatinineStabilizerUSP0.8%w/v0.8%w/v

HydroxylpropylStabilizerUSP-NF10%w/v33.33%w/v

beta

cyclodextrin

SodiumBuffer agentUSP-NF 0.1-0.8%27.8%

phosphate

dibasic

SodiumBuffer agentUSP-NF0.01-0.08%2.56%

phosphate

monobasic

Procedure for formulation preparation: add ˜90% of water to a container; turn on the mixer; add Monobasic sodium phosphate anhydrous, Dibasic sodium phosphate anhydrous, Disodium EDTA, an antioxidant, or a third stabilizer, use a portion of water to rinse if needed, mix for at least 15 min or until dissolved; weigh hydrocortisone sodium phosphate and charge to the container from previous step, mix for at least 30 min and until dissolved; measure pH, adjust pH to approx. 8.0 using 0.1 N HCl or 0.1 N NaOH; Q.S. to final volume (weight) using water, mix for at least 15 min.

A stability indicating HPLC method was developed, suitable for monitoring hydrolysis of hydrocortisone sodium phosphate and other degradations based on literature methods for hydrocortisone prodrugs and other similar products. A detailed description of the HPLC method with information such as chromatography conditions and sample preparation, described herein. in 5.0 Analytical method development Primary Pack in Materials:

MaterialDescription

Syringe BarrelOmpi Article #7600007.6977,

Syringe EZ-Fill 1 mL Long, 22G

5/8 3B, NS 4800GS, NE160, EB,

IUP

StopperWest Stoppers Item # 10149656,

Article 2340 4432/50 Gry B2-40

Westar RU

The pH effect was evaluated for Formulations F #1 to F #4 at 13.42% hydrocortisone sodium phosphate with disodium edetate and sodium formaldehyde included at level typically used in injectable products. The effect of drug concentration on stability was studied in F #5, which has a concentration at 6.71% (50 mg/mL hydrocortisone) in comparison to 13.42% (100 mg/mL hydrocortisone) for the other formulations.

Prototype Formulations to Evaluate Off and Concentration:

TABLE 2

IngredientF #1F#2F#3F#4F#5

Hydrocortisone13.42%13.42%13.42%13.42%6.71%

sodium

phosphate

(w/v)

Monobasic0.1%0.1%0.1%0.1%0.1%

sodium

phosphate

anhydrous

Dibasic1.09%1.09%1.09%1.09%1.09%

sodium

phosphate

anhydrous

Disodium0.02%0.02%0.02%0.02%0.02%

EDTA

Sodium0.2%0.2%0.2%0.2%0.2%

formaldehyde

sulfoxylate

Sodiumq.s. toq.s. toq.s. toq.s. toq.s. to

hydroxide/HClpH 7.0pH 7.5pH 8.0pH 8.5pH 8.0

Waterq.s. toq.s. toq.s. toq.s. toq.s. to

1 mL1 mL1 mL1 mL1 mL

A second group of formulations were designed to study alternative antioxidants to sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, such as sodium sulfite, monothioglycerol, ascorbic acid, and methionine, whether better stabilization effect can be achieved (F #6-9):

Prototype formulations to evaluate the effect of antioxidants:

TABLE 3

IngredientF #6F#7F#8F#9

Hydrocortisone13.42%13.42%13.42%13.42%

sodium phosphate

Monobasic sodium0.1%0.1%0.1%0.1%

phosphate

anhydrous

Dibasic sodium1.09%1.09%1.09%1.09%

phosphate

anhydrous

Disodium EDTA0.02%0.02%0.02%0.02%

Sodium sulfite0.2%

Monothioglycerol0.5%

Ascorbic acid0.2%

Methionine0.05%

Sodiumq.s toq.s toq.s toq.s to

hydroxide/HClpH 8.0pH 8.0pH 8.0pH 8.0

Waterq.s toq.s toq.s toq.s to

1 mL1 mL1 mL1 mL

As disclosed by U.S. Pat. No. 2,970,944, incorporated herein in its entirety, the stability of aqueous steroid phosphates including hydrocortisone sodium phosphates can be increased by incorporation of a small amount of a nitrogen containing compound such as niacinamide and creatinine. The main instability for steroid phosphates is the formation of precipitate during storage, which is due to the hydrolysis to form free hydrocortisone with much less aqueous solubility. It is possible that niacinamide and creatinine increase the solubility of hydrocortisone and thus, prevent precipitation after formation from hydrolysis.

The purpose to study Formulation F #10 to F #13 was to evaluate whether solubilizing agents like niacinamide, creatinine, hydroxylpropyl beta cyclodextrin can stabilize hydrocortisone sodium phosphate injection to maintain as clear solutions during stability test.

Prototype Formulations to Evaluate Solubilizing Agents

TABLE 4

IngredientF #10F#11F#12F#13F#14F#15

Hydrocortisone13.42% w/v13.42%13.42%13.42%13.42%13.42%

sodiumw/vw/vw/vw/vw/v

phosphate

Monobasic 0.1% w/v 0.1% w/v 0.1% w/v0.1% w/v0.1% w/v 0.1%

sodiumw/v

phosphate

anhydrous

Dibasic 1.09% w/v1.09% w/v1.09% w/v1.09%1.09%1.09%

sodiumw/vw/vw/v

phosphate

anhydrous

Disodium 0.02% w/v0.02% w/v0.02% w/v0.02%0.02%0.02%

EDTAw/vw/vw/v

Sodium 0.2% w/v 0.2% w/v 0.2% w/v0.2% w/v0.2% w/v 0.2%

formaldehydew/v

sulfoxylate

Creatinine 0.8% w/v

Niacinamide 2.5% w/v

Hydroxypropyl 5.0% w/v10.0%

betaw/v

cyclodextrin

Lactobionic0.2% w/v

acid

Sodiumq.s to pHq.s to pHq.s to pHq.s to pHq.s to pHq.s to pH

hydroxide/HCl8.08.08.08.08.08.0

Waterq.s to 1 mLq.s to 1 mLq.s to 1 mLq.s to 1q.s to 1q.s to 1

mLmLmL

The needle shield in PFS is permeable to oxygen. Without wishing to be bound by any particular theory, it is believed that the use of barrier packaging such as foil pouch has the potential to enhance the stability of hydrocortisone sodium phosphate injection in PFS. The foil pouch to be evaluated is from Glenroy with film structure EFS 477-001. Two sets of formulation F #8 and F #15 PFS were packed with foil pouch purged with nitrogen, one PFS per pouch, while another set were packed the foil pouch with StabilOx oxygen scavenger, one PFS/two packs of oxygen scavenger per pouch, as described herein, to evaluate whether barrier packaging offer any stabilizing effect.

Specification of Glenroy Foil Pouch:

- Criteria Details
- Product Name Glenroy Foil Pouch
- Supplier Item # EFS 477-001
- Dimensions Width—3.246-inch, Length—9.75 inch, and Seal—⅜ inch
- Material Construction Coated Polyester (PET)—0.48 mm, LDPE white—0.75 mm, Aluminum foil—0.5 mm, HPC—0.75 mm, LLDPE—1.25 mm

Details of StabilOx, D 100-H60 Oxygen Absorber Packets:

TABLE 5

CriteriaDetails

Product NameStabilOx ®, D-100-H60, is an oxygen

absorbing packet in cut strip form.

Part Number02-02937CG10

DESCRIPTIONStabilOx ®, D-100-H60 oxygen absorbers are

designed to absorb a minimum of 100 cc of

oxygen for modified atmosphere packaging

of dry or semi-moist products with water

activity less than 0.7 intended for storage and

distribution at ambient or refrigerated

temperatures down to 30 degrees F. The rate

of absorption is dependent upon the

equilibrium relative humidity and the

composition of the atmosphere within the

package.

Physical Attributes0.76″ wide ± 0 .04″ × 1.83″ long ± 0.07″,

The D-100-H60 is active in air and will

begin to react within one-half hour after

removal of the protective barrier pouch

MATERIALSProduct contact surface is Tyvek ® and

suitable for direct food contact

Study of packaging control on stability of HCP injection in PFS:

TABLE 6

Sublot#F#-AF#-BF#-C

FormulationFormulation F#8 and F#15

PouchNoneOne PFS, PurgingOne PFS, Two

nitrogen, pouchingoxygen scavengers,

Pouching

All the formulations were prepared together, filled in PFS and were placed on stability. There are different sets of formulations. Formulations for each set were prepared on a separate day, PFS were filled and the zero time analysis was conducted on the next day. Information on actual composition of 15 prototype formulations is described herein.

Stability program for the stability work are defined below:

TABLE 7

StorageIntervalsContingeney

ConditionInitial1 M2 M3 M6 M9 M12 M18 M24 Msamples

25° C.XX(X)(X)(X)(X)5

40° C.XXXXX——2

X = Appearance, Color/Clarity, pH, Assay and Related substances

(X) The decision to analyze these samples is to be made at 6 M time point

Following HPLC method was developed to determine the potency of Hydrocortisone sodium Phosphate and the area % of Hydrocortisone impurity and other unknown impurities in Hydrocortisone sodium Phosphate injection. This method employs High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to determine the potency of Hydrocortisone sodium Phosphate and the area % of Hydrocortisone impurity and other unknown impurities in Hydrocortisone sodium Phosphate injection.

Equipment and Materials:

- HPLC: Waters Alliance 2695 with Waters 2998 PDA detector; a data handling system with Empower 2 software.

Reagents:

- 1) Trifluoroacetic acid
- 2) Distilled water
- 3) Acetonitrile, HPLC grade
- 4) Hydrocortisone sodium Phosphate standard (in-house)
- 5) Hydrocortisone impurity standard (in-house)
- Chromatography conditions:
- Column: Waters Sunfire C18, 250×4.6 mm, 5 μm
- Column temperature: Ambient
- Mobile Phase A: 0.2% v/v TFA in water
- Mobile Phase B:0.2% v/v TFA in ACN
- Diluent: Water: ACN (80:20)
- Pump wash & Needle wash: Diluent
- Flow Rate: 1.5 mL/min
- Injection volume: 10 μL
- Run time: 45 minutes
- Detection wavelength: 254 nm
- Elution technique: Gradient (Linear):

TABLE 8

Time in Minutes% Mobile Phase A% Mobile Phase B

0.008515

10.008515

22.405545

38.003070

38.108515

45.008515

Preparation of Hydrocortisone Sodium Phosphate Standard Solution:

Prepared a 0.5 mg/mL solution of Hydrocortisone Sodium Phosphate using the diluent. Weighed required amount of standard in a clean empty and dry volumetric flask. Added ˜80% volume diluent to the flask to dissolve standard. Sonicated, if necessary. Made up volume to the mark using diluent, mixed well and used in analysis. Prepared standards in duplicate.

Preparation of Hydrocortisone Impurity Stock Solution:

Prepared a stock solution of Hydrocortisone impurity using ACN for qualitative purpose.

Preparation of Peak Identification Solution:

Spiked the Hydrocortisone impurity stock solution to one of the two Hydrocortisone Sodium Phosphate standard solutions separately to prepare the Peak Identification solution. Injected this solution in HPLC sequence to find out the peak shape, peak symmetry and actual retention times of Hydrocortisone Sodium Phosphate and Hydrocortisone impurity on Chromatogram. Used this solution for qualitative purpose only.

Preparation of Hydrocortisone Sodium Phosphate Injection Test Solution:

Prepared a test solution of Hydrocortisone Sodium Phosphate injection in diluent. Weighed required amount of formulation equivalent to 0.5 mg/mL of Hydrocortisone Sodium Phosphate in a clean empty and dry volumetric flask. Added ˜80% volume diluent to the flask to dissolve formulation. Sonicated, if necessary. Made up volume to the mark using diluent, mixed well and used in analysis. Prepared test solutions for zero time analysis in duplicate.

System Suitability Criteria for Analysis:

- 1) Accuracy of response between 2 HCP standards should be in 98-102%. The accuracy of response is calculated using following equation:

$% Accuracy of responce = (\frac{Peak area of Std 2}{Peak area of Std 1}) \times (\frac{Concentration of Std 1}{Concentration of Std 2}) \times 100$

- 2) % relative standard deviation of peak areas for 5 repeated injections of HCP standard should be less than 2%.
- 3) Chromatogram of blank (Diluent) should be without unwanted peaks or humps.
- 4) Note the retention times of Hydrocortisone Sodium Phosphate and Hydrocortisone impurity at zero time analysis. These retention times should not change more than 1 minute range (i.e. ±0.5 minutes)

A typical chromatogram of HCP using the developed analytical method is as depicted in FIG. 2.

15 formulations were evaluated under stability study at 40° C. and 25° C. in PFS, to evaluate pH effect, combination of antioxidants, for 6 months. Results from stability data at 40° C. and 25° C.:

- Optimum pH range 7.5 to 8.5, in agreement with USP monograph spec
- Combinations of EDTA/Monothiolglycerol, EDTA/sulfite show better stability than the combination of EDTA/Rongalite, which is covered by a U.S. Pat. No. 10,456,355, incorporated in its entirety herein
- The addition of a third stabilizer, creatine significantly improve the stability of formulation containing EDTA/Rongalite
- The addition of creatinine as the third stability does not offer noticeable further stability improvement to EDTA/monothiolglycerol, EDTA/sulfite combination

Three lead formulations having much better stability than the U.S. Pat. No. 10,456,355 formulation, with ˜60% less degradation after 6 mon at 40° C., and with extrapolated shelf life at 24 months based on current stability trend (see FIG. 1). Formulation at 50 mg/mL has a viscosity close to water and injection time about 3 second for 2 mL fill. Addition of creatinine as the third stabilizer for EDTA/MTG and EDTA/sulfite offering no noticeable improvement based on 3 month data.

TABLE 9

FormulationIngredientComment

F#3EDTA/RongaliteU.S. Pat. No. 10,456,355

F#10EDTA/Rongalite/CreatinineImproved on patented formulation

F#6EDTA/sulfiteSulfite allergic concern

F#7EDTA/MTGBest candidate

TABLE 10

Total impurities at 25° C.:

TimeRongalite/Rongalite/Sulfite/MTG/

(mon)EDTAEDTA/CreatinineEDTAEDTA

00.00%0.00%0.09%0.00%

30.20%0.09%0.04%0.06%

60.61%0.12%0.21%0.12%

TABLE 11

CompositionFDA inactive

Compositionper unit dose,ingredient

IngredientsFunctionper 1 mL2 mLdatabase limit

HydrocortisoneActive67.1 mg134.2 mg—

sodium phosphateingredient(50 mg hydrocortisone)(100 mg hydrocortisone)

MonobasicBuffer1.0mg2.0mg1.2%w/v, IM

sodium phosphateagent

anhydrous

Dibasic sodiumBuffer10.9mg21.8mg1.75%w/v, IM

phosphateagent

anhydrous

Disodium edetateChelating0.2mg0.4mg10%w/v, IM

agent

MonothioglycerolAntioxidant5.0mg10.0mg0.5%w/v, IM

SodiumpH adjustorQ.S pHQ.S pH—

hydroxide/HCl(appr 8.0)(appr 8.0)

WaterSolventQ.S. toQ.S. to—

1 mL1 mL

To develop this method, Hydrocortisone sodium phosphate API was kept under stress conditions. These stress conditions included treatment with 0.1 N HCl, 0.1 N NaOH and dry heat. This was performed to investigate the nature of API and its compatibility with the stress conditions. It also helped generate degradation products to assess the specificity of the HPLC method under development. Information on degradation products and the conditions used to generate them was used to optimize the method for better resolution of such degradation products on chromatogram. FIGS. 3A-3C show chromatograms of HCP under stress conditions.

Forced degradation of HCP under 3 different stress conditions resulted in formation of Hydrocortisone, other common degradants. The proportions in which the degradants formed depended on the stress condition. Stress studies performed on the API were done for qualitative purpose only.

Preparation of HCP Prototype Formulations.

Following Tables 12 to 26 contain actual composition of HCP prototype formulations prepared for this study. Each Table also has values for density for each formulation prepared. Density has been calculated using gravimetry in the flask used to prepare formulation.

TABLE 12

Composition of HCP Formulation #1 Description:

Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 7.0

IngredientAmount w/vAmount/50 mLActual amount

Hydrocortisone sodium13.42%6.71g6.7110g

phosphate (w/v)

Monobasic sodium0.1%50mg50.3mg

phosphate anhydrous

Dibasic sodium1.09%545mg545.4mg

phosphate anhydrous

Disodium EDTA0.02%10mg10.1mg

Sodium formaldehyde0.2%100mg102.2mg

sulfoxylate

Sodium hydroxide/HClq.s. toq.s. to7.08

pH 7.0pH 7.0

Waterq.s. toq.s. toq.s. to

1 mL50 mL50 mL

Density: 1.0602 g/mL

TABLE 13

Composition of HCP Formulation #2 Description:

Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 7.5

IngredientAmount w/vAmount/50 mLActual amount

Hydrocortisone sodium13.42%6.71g6.7100g

phosphate (w/v)

Monobasic sodium0.1%50mg50.0mg

phosphate anhydrous

Dibasic sodium1.09%545mg545.1mg

phosphate anhydrous

Disodium EDTA0.02%10mg9.8mg

Sodium formaldehyde0.2%100mg100.1mg

sulfoxylate

Sodium hydroxide/HClq.s. toq.s. to7.55

pH 7.5pH 7.5

Waterq.s. toq.s. toq.s. to

1 mL50 mL50 mL

Density: 1.0587 g/mL

TABLE 14

Composition of HCP Formulation #3 Description:

Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 8.0

IngredientAmount w/vAmount/50 mLActual amount

Hydrocortisone sodium13.42%6.71g6.7102g

phosphate (w/v)

Monobasic sodium0.1%50mg50.9mg

phosphate anhydrous

Dibasic sodium1.09%545mg545.6mg

phosphate anhydrous

Disodium EDTA0.02%10mg10.0mg

Sodium formaldehyde0.2%100mg102.0mg

sulfoxylate

Sodium hydroxide/HClq.s. toq.s. to8.03

pH 8.0pH 8.0

Waterq.s. toq.s. toq.s. to

1 mL50 mL50 mL

Density: 1.0597 g/mL

TABLE 15

Composition of HCP Formulation #4 Description:

Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 8.5

IngredientAmount w/vAmount/50 mLActual amount

Hydrocortisone sodium13.42%6.71g6.7107g

phosphate (w/v)

Monobasic sodium0.1%50mg50.7mg

phosphate anhydrous

Dibasic sodium1.09%545mg544.9mg

phosphate anhydrous

Disodium EDTA0.02%10mg10.4mg

Sodium formaldehyde0.2%100mg99.9mg

sulfoxylate

Sodium hydroxide/HClq.s. toq.s. to8.50

pH 8.5pH 8.5

Waterq.s. toq.s. toq.s. to

1 mL50 mL50 ml

Density: 1.0602

TABLE 16

Composition of HCP Formulation #5 Description:

Drug concentration: 6.71%, pH 8.0

IngredientAmount w/vAmount/50 mLActual amount

Hydrocortisone sodium6.71%3.355g3.3556g

phosphate (w/v)

Monobasic sodium0.1%50mg50.2mg

phosphate anhydrous

Dibasic sodium1.09%545mg544.9mg

phosphate anhydrous

Disodium EDTA0.02%10mg9.9mg

Sodium formaldehyde0.2%100mg100.7mg

sulfoxylate

Sodium hydroxide/HClq.s. toq.s. to8.03

pH 8.0pH 8.0

Waterq.s. toq.s. toq.s. to

1 mL50 mL50 mL

Density: 1.0329 g/mL

TABLE 17

Composition of HCP Formulation #6 Description:

Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 8.0, Effect of Sodium sulfite

IngredientAmount w/vAmount/50 mLActual amount

Hydrocortisone sodium13.42%6.71g6.7107g

phosphate (w/v)

Monobasic sodium0.1%50mg50.4mg

phosphate anhydrous

Dibasic sodium1.09%545mg545.2mg

phosphate anhydrous

Disodium EDTA0.02%10mg10.0mg

Sodium sulfite0.2%100mg100.0mg

Sodium hydroxide/HClq.s. toq.s. to8.04

pH 8.0pH 8.0

Waterq.s. toq.s. toq.s. to

1 mL50 mL50 mL

Density: 1.0584 g/mL

TABLE 18

Composition of HCP Formulation #7

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%,

pH 8.0, Effect of Monothioglycerol

AmountAmount/Actual

Ingredientw/v50 mLamount

Hydrocortisone sodium13.42%6.71g6.7100g

phosphate (w/v)

Monobasic sodium0.1%50mg50.5mg

phosphate anhydrous

Dibasic sodium1.09%545mg545.2mg

phosphate anhydrous

Disodium EDTA0.02%10mg10.3mg

Monothioglycerol0.5%250mg256.6mg

Sodium hydroxide/HClq.s. toq.s. to8.15

pH 8.0pH 8.0

Waterq.s. toq.s. toq.s. to

1 mL50 mL50 mL

Density: 1.0600 g/mL

TABLE 19

Composition of HCP Formulation #8

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%,

pH 8.0, Effect of Ascorbic Acid.

AmountAmount/Actual

Ingredientw/v200 mLamount

Hydrocortisone sodium13.42%26.84g26.838g

phosphate (w/v)

Monobasic sodium0.1%200mg200.1mg

phosphate anhydrous

Dibasic sodium1.09%2.180g2.1806g

phosphate anhydrous

Disodium EDTA0.02%40mg40.0mg

Ascorbic acid0.2%400mg400.2mg

Sodium hydroxide/HClq.s. toq.s. to7.98

pH 8.0pH 8.0

Waterq.s. toq.s. toq.s. to

1 mL200 mL200 mL

Density: 1.0598 g/mL

Syringes of HCP Formulation #8 was divided into 3 sublots HCP F #8A, HCP F #8B and HCP F #8C.

HCP F #8A syringes were kept unpouched.

HCP F #8B syringes were pouched with Nitrogen purging.

HCP F #8C syringes were pouched with 2 Oxygen scavengers (no Nitrogen purging).

TABLE 20

Composition of HCP Formulation #9

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%,

pH 8.0, Effect of Methoinine.

AmountAmount/Actual

Ingredientw/v50 mLamount

Hydrocortisone sodium13.42%6.71g6.7113g

phosphate (w/v)

Monobasic sodium0.1%50mg50.0mg

phosphate anhydrous

Dibasic sodium1.09%545mg545.0mg

phosphate anhydrous

Disodium EDTA0.02%10mg10.2mg

Methionine0.05%25mg25.1mg

Sodium hydroxide/HClq.s. toq.s. to8.14

pH 8.0pH 8.0

Waterq.s. toq.s. toq.s. to

1 mL50 mL50 mL

Density: 1.0592 g/mL

TABLE 21

Composition of HCP Formulation #10

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 8.0, Effect of Creatinine.

AmountAmount/Actual

Ingredientw/v50 mLamount

Hydrocortisone sodium13.42%6.71g6.7109g

phosphate (w/v)

Monobasic sodium0.1%50mg50.2mg

phosphate anhydrous

Dibasic sodium1.09%545mg545.5mg

phosphate anhydrous

Disodium EDTA0.02%10mg10.0mg

Sodium formaldehyde0.2%100mg101.0mg

sulfoxylate

Creatinine0.8%400mg400.2mg

Sodium hydroxide/HClq.s. toq.s. to8.09

pH 8.0pH 8.0

Waterq.s. toq.s. toq.s. to

1 mL50 mL50 mL

Density: 1.0610 g/mL

TABLE 22

Composition of HCP Formulation #11

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 8.0, Effect of Niacinamide.

AmountAmount/Actual

Ingredientw/v50 mLamount

Hydrocortisone sodium13.42%6.71g6.7107g

phosphate (w/v)

Monobasic sodium0.1%50mg50.0mg

phosphate anhydrous

Dibasic sodium1.09%545mg545.2mg

phosphate anhydrous

Disodium EDTA0.02%10mg10.4mg

Sodium formaldehyde0.2%100mg100.9mg

sulfoxylate

Niacinamide2.5%1.25g1.2504g

Sodium hydroxide/HClq.s. toq.s. to7.98

pH 8.0pH 8.0

Waterq.s. toq.s. toq.s. to

1 mL50 mL50 mL

Density: 1.0655 g/mL

TABLE 23

Composition of HCP Formulation #12

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%,

pH 8.0, Effect of 5% HP-β-cyclodextrin.

AmountAmount/Actual

Ingredientw/v50 mLamount

Hydrocortisone sodium13.42%6.71g6.7106g

phosphate (w/v)

Monobasic sodium0.1%50mg50.0mg

phosphate anhydrous

Dibasic sodium1.09%545mg545.2mg

phosphate anhydrous

Disodium EDTA0.02%10mg9.9mg

Sodium formaldehyde0.2%100mg100.9mg

sulfoxylate

HP-β-cyclodextrin5.0%2.5g2.5002g

Sodium hydroxide/HClq.s. toq.s. to8.06

pH 8.0pH 8.0

Waterq.s. toq.s. toq.s. to

1 mL50 mL50 mL

Density: 1.0749 g/mL

TABLE 24

Composition of HCP Formulation #13

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%,

pH 8.0, Effect of 10% HP-β-cyclodextrin.

AmountAmount/Actual

Ingredientw/v50 mLamount

Hydrocortisone sodium13.42%6.71g6.7098g

phosphate (w/v)

Monobasic sodium0.1%50mg50.1mg

phosphate anhydrous

Dibasic sodium1.09%545mg544.8mg

phosphate anhydrous

Disodium EDTA0.02%10mg10.3mg

Sodium formaldehyde0.2%100mg100.9mg

sulfoxylate

HP-β-cyclodextrin10.0%5.0g5.0007g

Sodium hydroxide/HClq.s. toq.s. to7.98

pH 8.0pH 8.0

Waterq.s. toq.s. toq.s. to

1 mL50 mL50 mL

Density: 1.0883 g/mL

TABLE 25

Composition of HCP Formulation #14

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%,

pH 8.0, Effect of Lactbionic acid.

AmountAmount/Actual

Ingredientw/v50 mLamount

Hydrocortisone sodium13.42%6.71g6.7100g

phosphate (w/v)

Monobasic sodium0.1%50mg49.9mg

phosphate anhydrous

Dibasic sodium1.09%545mg545.3mg

phosphate anhydrous

Disodium EDTA0.02%10mg9.8mg

Sodium formaldehyde0.2%100mg101.8mg

sulfoxylate

Lactobionic Acid0.2%100mg100.4mg

Sodium hydroxide/HClq.s. toq.s. to8.04

pH 8.0pH 8.0

Waterq.s. toq.s. toq.s. to

1 mL50 mL50 mL

Density: 1.0607 g/mL

TABLE 26

Compositin of HCP Fomulation #15 (Previously HCP F #3)

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 8.0.

AmountAmount/Actual

Ingredientw/v200 mLamount

Hydrocortisone sodium13.42%26.840g26.838g

phosphate (w/v)

Monobasic sodium0.1%200mg200.3mg

phosphate anhydrous

Dibasic sodium1.09%2.180g2.1806g

phosphate anhydrous

Disodium EDTA0.02%40mg40.3mg

Sodium formaldehyde0.2%400mg402.0mg

sulfoxylate

Sodium hydroxide/HClq.s toq.s to7.98

pH 8.0pH 8.0

Waterq.s toq.s toq.s to

1 mL200 mL200 mL

Density: 1.0603 g/mL

Syringes of HCP Formulation #15 was divided into 3 sublots HCP F #15A, HCP F #15B and HCP F #15C.

HCP F #15A syringes were kept unpouched.

HCP F #15B syringes were pouched with Nitrogen purging.

HCP F #15C syringes were pouched with 2 Oxygen scavengers (no Nitrogen purging).

Stability data for HCP prototype formulations.

Following Tables 27 to 45 contain stability profile for HCP formulations 1 to 15 up to 6 month storage at 25° C. and 40° C. It has data on % assay, % peak area of HCP, % area of known impurity Hydrocortisone and other unknown impurities. Please note that the reporting threshold for Hydrocortisone impurity have been kept as 0.01% as it is a major degradant. For other impurities, it has been kept as 0.05% on chromatogram. Once the identification and qualification these unknown impurities is completed, a suitable identification threshold and qualification threshold can be used in future studies.

Stability data on following 4 unknown impurities have been kept in the table according to their formation. The sum of total other unknown impurities, which are lower in amounts have been taken into account when % peak area of HCP was calculated. Following formulas can be used to calculate impurities.
Sum of total impurities=100−% peak area of HCPSum of total unknown imp=100−(% peak of HCP+% peak of Hydrocortisone imp)Sum of other unknown imp=100−(sum of % peak of HCP,Hydrocortisone & imp1to4)

Impurity 1 in the stability data tables has been identified as the peak of a degradation product that elutes at 5.00 minutes on chromatogram. The relative retention time for this impurity is 0.26. This impurity was observed during the alkali hydrolysis of HCP using 0.1N NaOH during method development. This impurity was also prevalent from early stages of the accelerated stability condition (40° C.) in formulations that had Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate in their composition as an antioxidant.

Impurity 2 in the stability data tables has been identified as the peak of a degradation product that elutes at 15.07 minutes on chromatogram. The relative retention time for this impurity is 0.79. This impurity was not observed during forced degradation of HCP in method development.

Impurity 3 in the stability data tables has been identified as the peak of a degradation product that elutes at 17.25 minutes on chromatogram. The relative retention time for this impurity is 0.91. This impurity was observed during the alkali hydrolysis of HCP using 0.1 N NaOH during method development.

Impurity 4 in the stability data tables has been identified as the peak of a degradation product that elutes at 23.64 minutes on chromatogram. The relative retention time for this impurity is 1.24. This impurity was observed during the thermal degradation of HCP using dry heat during method development.

Amounts of these 4 unknown impurities are more in formulations compared to those of other unknown impurities. Further investigation should be done on such unknown impurities to reduce the risk of their formation in future formulations.

TABLE 27

Stability profile of HCP Formulation #1

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 7.0

%%%%%

Impurity 1 Impurity 2 Impurity 3 Impurity 4 Hydrocortisone% Peak pH of

Duration% AssayRRT 0.26RRT 0.79RRT 0.91RRT 1.24RRT 1.09area formulation

Storage condition: 25° C.

Initial101.27————0.0100.07.08

3 M97.53———0.160.1899.67.08

6 M95.30———0.280.2899.27.04

9 M

12 M

18 M

24 M

Storage condition: 40° C.

Initial101.27————0.0100.07.08

1 M100.64———0.210.7098.37.05

2 M91.530.130.110.050.930.8796.56.99

3 M89.050.240.140.061.500.9294.97.10

6 M80.320.630.230.143.421.4089.67.04

TABLE 28

Stability profile of HCP Formulation #2

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 7.5

%%%%%

Impurity 1 Impurity 2 Impurity 3 Impurity 4 Hydrocortisone% Peak pH of

Duration% AssayRRT 0.26RRT 0.79RRT 0.91RRT 1.24RRT 1.09area formulation

Storage condition: 25° C.

Initial100.85————0.0100.07.61

3 M95.53———0.070.0899.87.56

6 M95.80—0.80—0.100.1099.57.51

9 M

12 M

18 M

24 M

Storage condition: 40° C.

Initial100.85————0.0100.07.61

1 M96.49—0.130.110.130.3198.97.52

2 M95.210.270.220.090.440.3097.77.50

3 M92.300.450.240.160.550.2597.47.54

6 M86.721.360.410.221.360.4194.17.44

TABLE 29

Stability profile of HCP Formulation #3

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 8.0

%%%%%

Impurity 1 Impurity 2 Impurity 3 Impurity 4 Hydrocortisone% Peak pH of

Duration% AssayRRT 0.26RRT 0.79RRT 0.91RRT 1.24RRT 1.09area formulation

Storage condition: 25° C.

Initial100.62————0.0100.08.17

3 M95.08—0.10——0.0499.87.97

6 M95.840.140.16—0.050.0599.47.88

9 M

12 M

18 M

24 M

Storage condition: 40° C.

Initial100.62————0.0100.08.17

1 M96.17—0.250.100.160.1199.08.05

2 M95.580.720.360.180.210.1497.77.89

3 M92.891.130.470.250.350.1396.97.86

6 M85.662.300.570.450.750.1694.37.75

TABLE 30

Stability profile of HCP Formulation #4

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 8.5

%%%%%

Impurity 1 Impurity 2 Impurity 3 Impurity 4 Hydrocortisone% Peak pH of

Duration% AssayRRT 0.26RRT 0.79RRT 0.91RRT 1.24RRT 1.09area formulation

Storage condition: 25° C.

Initial100.41————0.0100.08.54

3 M95.95—0.14——0.0499.78.30

6 M95.360.190.23—0.060.0399.38.06

9 M

12 M

18 M

24 M

Storage condition: 40° C.

Initial100.41————0.0100.08.54

1 M96.64—0.310.120.100.0899.08.27

2 M94.390.800.440.210.120.0998.08.07

3 M92.661.200.520.300.220.0997.28.08

6 M88.672.420.630.550.550.1294.47.88

TABLE 31

Stability profile of HCP Formulation #5

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 8.5

%%%%%

Impurity 1 Impurity 2 Impurity 3 Impurity 4 Hydrocortisone% Peak pH of

Duration% AssayRRT 0.26RRT 0.79RRT 0.91RRT 1.24RRT 1.09area formulation

Storage condition: 25° C.

Initial99.63————0.0100.08.02

3 M88.39—0.12——0.0699.77.99

6 M92.410.120.19—0.060.1099.37.76

9 M

12 M

18 M

24 M

Storage condition: 40° C.

Initial99.63————0.0100.08.02

1 M91.10—0.290.100.100.1599.07.88

2 M88.860.930.550.160.230.2097.57.79

3 M87.251.370.710.220.420.1796.37.78

6 M79.673.111.160.350.840.2292.67.64

TABLE 32

Stability profile of HCP Formulation #4

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 8.0, Effect of Sodium sulfite

%%%%%

Impurity 1 Impurity 2 Impurity 3 Impurity 4 Hydrocortisone% Peak pH of

Duration% AssayRRT 0.26RRT 0.79RRT 0.91RRT 1.24RRT 1.09area formulation

Storage condition: 25° C.

Initial103.37————0.099.98.34

3 M101.28————0.0099.98.50

6 M99.59——0.070.060.0299.88.40

9 M

12 M

18 M

24 M

Storage condition: 40° C.

Initial103.37————0.099.98.34

1 M100.02——0.29—0.0799.58.44

2 M99.71——0.450.130.0799.28.41

3 M99.46——0.750.190.0798.98.47

6 M95.260.06—1.160.260.0698.28.46

TABLE 33

Stability profile of HCP Formulation #7

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 8.0, Effect of Monothioglycerol

%%%%%%

Impurity 1Impurity 2Impurity 3Impurity 4HydrocortisonePeakpH of

Duration% AssayRRT 0.26RRT 0.79RRT 0.91RRT 1.24RRT 1.09areaformulation

Storage condition: 25° C.

Initial103.06————0.0100.08.56

3M98.87——0.05—0.0099.98.65

6M99.58——0.00—0.0399.98.58

12M

18M

24M

Storage condition: 40° C.

Initial103.06————0.0100.08.56

1M100.27——0.27—0.0799.78.59

2M101.01——0.51—0.1099.38.51

3M99.27——0.84—0.1298.98.49

6M97.99——1.39—0.1298.28.58

TABLE 34

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 8.0, Effect Ascorbic acid and

unpouched sample

%%%%%%

Impurity 1Impurity 2Impurity 3Impurity 4HydrocortisonePeakpH of

Duration% AssayRRT 0.26RRT 0.79RRT 0.91RRT 1.24RRT 1.09areaformulation

Storage condition: 25° C.

Initial99.92————0.0100.08.37

3M99.94———0.050.0499.98.08

6M99.40——0.040.080.0599.87.96

12M

18M

24M

Storage condition: 40° C.

Intial99.92————0.0100.08.37

1M99.04——0.13—0.1099.68.19

2M99.84——0.160.150.1499.57.94

3M99.41——0.280.290.2499.17.88

6M95.40——0.480.710.4697.97.72

TABLE 35

Stability profile of HCP Formulation #8B

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 8.0, Effect of Ascorbic acid and

pouched with Nitrogen purging

%%%%%%

Impurity 1Impurity 2Impurity 3Impurity 4HydrocortisonePeakpH of

Duration% AssayRRT 0.26RRT 0.79RRT 0.91RRT 1.24RRT 1.09areaformulation

Storage condition: 25° C.

Initial99.92————0.0100.08.37

3M100.16———0.070.0499.87.97

6M98.25——0.030.100.0699.87.82

12M

18M

24M

Storage condition: 40° C.

Initial99.92————0.0100.08.37

1M99.74——0.110.110.1099.58.47

2M99.63——0.180.170.1699.47.94

3M99.55——0.250.280.2299.17.90

6M98.84——0.450.700.4498.07.72

TABLE 36

Stability profile of HCP Formulation #8C

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 8.0, Effect of Ascorbic acid and

pouched with 2 Oxygen scavengers.

%%%%%%

Impurity 1Impurity 2Impurity 3Impurity 4HydrocortisonePeakpH of

Duration% AssayRRT 0.26RRT 0.79RRT 0.91RRT 1.24RRT 1.09areaformulation

Storage condition: 25° C.

Initial99.92————0.0100.08.37

3M101.20———0.050.0499.98.12

6M100.06——0.030.070.0599.97.89

12M

18M

24M

Storage condition: 40° C.

Initial99.92————0.0100.08.37

1M99.73——0.11—0.1099.68.06

2M99.96——0.230.180.1599.48.03

3M100.11——0.370.300.2199.08.00

6M97.27——0.550.580.3198.37.93

TABLE 37

Stability profile of HCP Formulation #9

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 8.0, Effect of Methoinine.

%%%%%%

Impurity 1Impurity 2Impurity 3Impurity 4HydrocortisonePeakpH of

Duration% AssayRRT 0.26RRT 0.79RRT 0.91RRT 1.24RRT 1.09areaformulation

Storage condition: 25° C.

Initial102.86————0.0100.08.61

3M97.890.05—0.040.060.0099.78.38

6M98.370.07—0.060.080.0299.68.26

12M

18M

24M

Storage condition: 40° C.

Initial102.86————0.0100.08.61

1M96.11——0.220.340.0599.48.19

2M99.090.05—0.390.140.0799.08.29

3M97.520.06—0.560.240.0898.78.29

6M95.080.07—0.950.420.1097.68.16

TABLE 38

Stability profile of HCP Formulation #10

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 8.0, Effect of Creatinine.

%%%%%%

Impurity 1Impurity 2Impurity 3Impurity 4HydrocortisonePeakpH of

Duration% AssayRRT 0.26RRT 0.79RRT 0.91RRT 1.24RRT 1.09areaformulation

Storage condition: 25° C.

Initial103.32————0.0100.08.11

3M95.68—0.03——0.0499.98.01

6M93.95—0.05——0.399.97.95

12M

18M

24M

Storage condition: 40° C.

Initial103.32————0.0100.08.11

1M91.710.070.080.08—0.0999.68.05

2M101.450.110.100.11—0.0999.57.82

3M93.590.270.130.170.07 0.1298.87.85

6M90.780.440.140.300.150.1397.87.75

TABLE 39

Stability profile of HCP Formulation #11

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 8.0, Effect of Niacinamide.

%%%%%%

Impurity 1Impurity 2Impurity 3Impurity 4HydrocortisonePeakpH of

Duration% AssayRRT 0.26RRT 0.79RRT 0.91RRT 1.24RRT 1.09areaformulation

Storage condition 25° C.

Initial100.15————0.0100.08.11

3M95.69————0.0599.98.01

6M93.72—0.06——0.0599.87.95

12M

18M

24M

Storage condition: 40° C.

Initial100.15————0.0100.07.95

1M92.790.140.150.07—0.1599.47.95

2M94.220.330.200.130.190.1698.87.77

3M91.850.760.330.140.400.1697.57.88

6M88.891.090.380.320.690.1696.27.78

TABLE 40

Stability profile of HCP Formulation #12

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 8.0, Effect of 5% HP-8-cyclodextrin.

%%%%%%

Impurity 1Impurity 2Impurity 3Impurity 4HydrocortisonePeakpH of

Duration% AssayRRT 0.26RRT 0.79RRT 0.91RRT 1.24RRT 1.09areaformulation

Storage condition: 25° C.

Initial100.99————0.0100.08.1

3M98.38—0.08——0.0599.88.04

6M94.96—0.16—0.040.0599.57.92

12M

18M

24M

Storage condition: 40° C.

Initial100.99————0.0100.08.1

1M91.910.170.180.07—0.1099.37.98

2M94.040.430.300.140.140.1398.67.82

3M92.700.840.410.210.300.1597.57.85

6M87.371.810.610.330.630.1495.07.79

TABLE 41

Stability profile of HCP Formulation #13

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 8.0, Effect of 10% HP-6-cyclodexrin.

%%%%%%

Impurity 1Impurity 2Impurity 3Impurity 4HydrocortisonePeakpH of

Duration% AssayRRT 0.26RRT 0.79RRT 0.91RRT 1.24RRT 1.09areaformulation

Storage condition: 25° C.

Initial99.99————0.0100.08.01

3M96.97—0.09——0.0599.88.00

6M95.410.080.15——0.0699.57.90

12M

18M

24M

Storage condition: 40° C.

Initial99.99————0.0100.08.01

1M94.620.150.190.08—0.1399.28.02

2M94.660.360.270.120.120.1398.87.79

3M92.400.880.440.200.300.1597.47.90

6M88.551.540.560.300.580.1495.57.78

TABLE 42

Stability profile of HCP Formulaton #14

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 8.0, Effect of Lactbionic acid.

%%%%%%

Impurity 1Impurity 2Impurity 3Impurity 4HydrocortisonePeakpH of

Duration% AssayRRT 0.26RRT 0.79RRT 0.91RRT 1.24RRT 1.09areaformulation

Storage condition: 25° C.

Initial100.34————0.0100.08.04

3M96.09—0.08——0.0599.88.00

6M94.210.100.15—0.050.0599.57.87

12M

18M

24M

Storage condition: 40° C.

Initial100.34————0.0100.08.04

1M94.320.140.200.06—0.1099.48.02

2M95.790.400.280.110.120.1398.87.81

3M94.630.820.400.170.290.1397.77.88

6M88.851.670.540.300.620.1395.47.79

TABLE 43

Stability profile of HCP Formulation #15A

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 8.0, unpouched sample.

%%%%%%

Impurity 1Impurity 2Impurity 3Impurity 4HydrocortisonePeakpH of

Duration% AssayRRT 0.26RRT 0.79RRT 0.91RRT 1.24RRT 1.09areaformulation

Storage condition: 25° C.

Initial102.24————0.0100.07.98

3M95.80—0.09——0.0499.87.90

6M94.800.120.16—0.060.0599.47.87

12M

18M

24M

Storage condition: 40° C.

Initial101.24————0.0100.07.98

1M93.500.340.260.110.080.1398.87.94

2M93.670.980.440.220.330.1597.47.90

3M91.421.110.460.230.400.1596.97.81

6M87.072.060.580.380.720.1694.77.79

TABLE 44

Stability profile of HCP Formulation #15B

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 8.0, pouched with Nitrogen purging.

%%%%%%

Impurity 1Impurity 2Impurity 3Impurity 4HydrocortisonePeakpH of

Duration% AssayRRT 0.26RRT 0.79RRT 0.91RRT 1.24RRT 1.09areaformulation

Storage condition: 25° C.

Initial102.24————0.0100.07.98

3M96.23—0.08——0.0499.87.88

6M95.360.130.17—0.060.0599.47.85

12M

18M

24M

Storage condition: 40° C.

Initial102.24————0.0100.07.98

1M94.570.210.200.050.030.1199.27.93

2M95.280.830.410.180.280.1397.77.94

3M91.770.890.440.210.340.1597.47.83

6M88.691.880.540.350.650.1695.17.84

TABLE 45

Stability profile of HCP Formulation #15C

Description: Drug concentration: 13.42%, pH 8.0, pouched with 2 Oxygen

scavengers.

%%%%%%

Impurity 1Impurity 2Impurity 3Impurity 4HydrocortisonePeakpH of

Duration% AssayRRT 0.26RRT 0.79RRT 0.91RRT 1.24RRT 1.09areaformulation

Storage condition 25° C.

Initial102.24————0.0100.07.98

3M93.75—0.07——0.0599.97.85

6M94.810.07.012——0.0799.67.75

12M

18M

24M

Storage condition 40° C.

Initial102.24————0.0100.07.98

1M94.040.200.200.070.020.1299.27.98

2M94.340.580.270.190.210.2498.27.96

3M92.250.570.270.210.260.2798.27.82

6M90.921.020.240.370.660.3996.77.81

TABLE 46

Summary of all HCP formulations after 6M of storage at 25° C. and 40° C.

% Assay value of

DrugAntioxidant orPackingHCP

Form, #pHconc.solublizing agenttype25° C.40° C.

17.013.42None—95.3080.32

27.513.42None—95.8086.72

38.013.42None—95.8485.66

48.513.42None—95.3688.67

58.06.71None—92.4179.67

68.013.42Sodium Sulfite—99.5995.26

78.013.42Monothioglycerol—99.5897.99

8A8.013.42Ascorbic acidUnpouched99.4095.40

8B8.013.42Ascorbic acidN₂purging98.2598.84

8C8.013.42Ascorbic acidO₂100.0697.27

scavenger

98.013.42Methionine—98.3795.08

10 8.013.42Creatinine—93.9590.78

11 8.013.42Niacinamide—93.7288.89

12 8.013.425% HP-β-CD—94.9687.37

13 8.013.4210% HP-β-CD—95.4188.55

14 8.013.42Lactobionic acid—94.2188.85

15A8.013.42NoneUnpouched94.8087.07

15B8.013.42NoneN₂purging95.3586.69

15C8.013.42NoneO₂94.8190.92

scavenger

Without wishing to be bound by any particular theory, and after stability analysis of all HCP formulations for 6 months of storage at 25° C. and 40° C., HCP F #7 seems to be the most stable formulation. It contains 0.5% w/v Monothioglycerol as an antioxidant. Monothioglycerol is a liquid excipient.

US11857555B2. Aqueous pharmaceutical formulation of hydrocortisone sodium phosphate and monothioglycerol (2024-01-02). ANTARES PHARMA, INC. [US]. Inventors: Xiaoming Chen [US], Shaowei Ong [US].

Full text: Click here

Patent 2024

Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Preparation

One hundred milligram Dex powder (Solarbio, Beijing, China) was dissolved in 1 mL dimethyl sulfoxide, and mixed well, and 19.62 μL of Dex solution was aspirated and added to 10% v/v sodium pentobarbital (FBS) low sugar dulbecco's modified eagle's medium (DMEM) culture solution to fix the volume to 50 mL to obtain a concentration of 3.924 6 × 10⁻⁴ g/L of dexamethasone sodium phosphate preparation solution. Short‐term refrigerated storage at 4°C, long‐term frozen storage at −20°C.

Luo D., Liu H., Liang X., Yan W., Ding C., Hu C., Yan D., Li J, & Wu J. (2024). Analysis of the Potential Angiogenic Mechanisms of BuShenHuoXue Decoction against Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation. Orthopaedic Surgery, 16(3), 700-717.

Publication 2024

Curcumin-Loaded Coacervate Preparation

Not available on PMC !

Curcumin loaded coacervates were prepared at pH 3.6 and volume ratio of 3% solution of sodium alginate to chitosan phosphate at 5:4. A 0.3% (w/v) solution of sodium alginate was prepared in 250 mL buffer of pH 3.6. Curcumin solutions containing varying weight (0.05-2.0) g were prepared in 100 mL ethanol. A 0.3% (w/v) solution of chitosan phosphate was also prepared in 250 mL buffer of pH 3.6. To this solution of chitosan phosphate, ethanolic solution of curcumin was added drop wise. This was followed by the drop wise addition of alginate solution. After complete addition, the reaction mixture was stirred for1h followed by removal of ethanol. The resultant product was then freeze dried.

Sarma A., Deka C., Devi S., & Kakati D.K. (2024). Synthesis of Curcumin-Loaded Complex Coacervate of Chitosan Phosphate and Sodium Alginate and Study of their Antibacterial Activity. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 58(2s), s420-s428.

Publication 2024

Optimizing Chitosan-Alginate Complexation

Not available on PMC !

Optimum ratio of the two components was determined at pH 3.6 of the reaction medium. 0.3% (w/v) solutions of sodium alginate and chitosan phosphate were prepared separately in buffer solution of pH 3.6. Chitosan phosphate and sodium alginate solutions were mixed at eight different volume ratios at room temperature, keeping the total volume of the mixture at 45 mL. Different volume ratios of sodium alginate: chitosan phosphate were 40:5, 35:10, 30:15, 25:20, 20:25, 15:30, 10:35, 5:40 respectively. The optimum ratio of the two components resulting in maximum yield of complex coacervate was determined by measuring weights of the coacervate formed, and also by measuring the viscosity, UV-absorbance (UV-1800, SHIMADZU) and conductivity of the supernatant liquid.

Publication 2024

Top products related to «Sodium phosphate»

Sodium hydroxide (naoh) by Merck Group

Sourced in Germany, United States, India, United Kingdom, Italy, China, Spain, France, Australia, Canada, Poland, Switzerland, Singapore, Belgium, Sao Tome and Principe, Ireland, Sweden, Brazil, Israel, Mexico, Macao, Chile, Japan, Hungary, Malaysia, Denmark, Portugal, Indonesia, Netherlands, Czechia, Finland, Austria, Romania, Pakistan, Cameroon, Egypt, Greece, Bulgaria, Norway, Colombia, New Zealand, Lithuania

Sodium hydroxide is a chemical compound with the formula NaOH. It is a white, odorless, crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water and is a strong base. It is commonly used in various laboratory applications as a reagent.

Sodium chloride (nacl) by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, India, Italy, France, Spain, China, Canada, Sao Tome and Principe, Poland, Belgium, Australia, Switzerland, Macao, Denmark, Ireland, Brazil, Japan, Hungary, Sweden, Netherlands, Czechia, Portugal, Israel, Singapore, Norway, Cameroon, Malaysia, Greece, Austria, Chile, Indonesia

NaCl is a chemical compound commonly known as sodium chloride. It is a white, crystalline solid that is widely used in various industries, including pharmaceutical and laboratory settings. NaCl's core function is to serve as a basic, inorganic salt that can be used for a variety of applications in the lab environment.

Bovine serum albumin (bsa) by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Italy, Japan, France, Sao Tome and Principe, Canada, Macao, Spain, Switzerland, Australia, India, Israel, Belgium, Poland, Sweden, Denmark, Ireland, Hungary, Netherlands, Czechia, Brazil, Austria, Singapore, Portugal, Panama, Chile, Senegal, Morocco, Slovenia, New Zealand, Finland, Thailand, Uruguay, Argentina, Saudi Arabia, Romania, Greece, Mexico

Bovine serum albumin (BSA) is a common laboratory reagent derived from bovine blood plasma. It is a protein that serves as a stabilizer and blocking agent in various biochemical and immunological applications. BSA is widely used to maintain the activity and solubility of enzymes, proteins, and other biomolecules in experimental settings.

Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Italy, Sao Tome and Principe, France, Macao, India, Canada, Switzerland, Japan, Australia, Spain, Poland, Belgium, Brazil, Czechia, Portugal, Austria, Denmark, Israel, Sweden, Ireland, Hungary, Mexico, Netherlands, Singapore, Indonesia, Slovakia, Cameroon, Norway, Thailand, Chile, Finland, Malaysia, Latvia, New Zealand, Hong Kong, Pakistan, Uruguay, Bangladesh

DMSO is a versatile organic solvent commonly used in laboratory settings. It has a high boiling point, low viscosity, and the ability to dissolve a wide range of polar and non-polar compounds. DMSO's core function is as a solvent, allowing for the effective dissolution and handling of various chemical substances during research and experimentation.

Fetal bovine serum (fbs) by Thermo Fisher Scientific

Sourced in United States, China, United Kingdom, Germany, Australia, Japan, Canada, Italy, France, Switzerland, New Zealand, Brazil, Belgium, India, Spain, Israel, Austria, Poland, Ireland, Sweden, Macao, Netherlands, Denmark, Cameroon, Singapore, Portugal, Argentina, Holy See (Vatican City State), Morocco, Uruguay, Mexico, Thailand, Sao Tome and Principe, Hungary, Panama, Hong Kong, Norway, United Arab Emirates, Czechia, Russian Federation, Chile, Moldova, Republic of, Gabon, Palestine, State of, Saudi Arabia, Senegal

Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is a cell culture supplement derived from the blood of bovine fetuses. FBS provides a source of proteins, growth factors, and other components that support the growth and maintenance of various cell types in in vitro cell culture applications.

Hydrochloric acid (hcl) by Merck Group

Sourced in Germany, United States, United Kingdom, India, Italy, France, Spain, Australia, China, Poland, Switzerland, Canada, Ireland, Japan, Singapore, Sao Tome and Principe, Malaysia, Brazil, Hungary, Chile, Belgium, Denmark, Macao, Mexico, Sweden, Indonesia, Romania, Czechia, Egypt, Austria, Portugal, Netherlands, Greece, Panama, Kenya, Finland, Israel, Hong Kong, New Zealand, Norway

Hydrochloric acid is a commonly used laboratory reagent. It is a clear, colorless, and highly corrosive liquid with a pungent odor. Hydrochloric acid is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride gas.

Methanol by Merck Group

Sourced in Germany, United States, Italy, India, United Kingdom, China, France, Poland, Spain, Switzerland, Australia, Canada, Sao Tome and Principe, Brazil, Ireland, Japan, Belgium, Portugal, Singapore, Macao, Malaysia, Czechia, Mexico, Indonesia, Chile, Denmark, Sweden, Bulgaria, Netherlands, Finland, Hungary, Austria, Israel, Norway, Egypt, Argentina, Greece, Kenya, Thailand, Pakistan

Methanol is a clear, colorless, and flammable liquid that is widely used in various industrial and laboratory applications. It serves as a solvent, fuel, and chemical intermediate. Methanol has a simple chemical formula of CH3OH and a boiling point of 64.7°C. It is a versatile compound that is widely used in the production of other chemicals, as well as in the fuel industry.

Phosphate buffered saline (pbs) by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Italy, Poland, Spain, France, Sao Tome and Principe, Australia, China, Canada, Ireland, Japan, Macao, Switzerland, India, Belgium, Denmark, Israel, Brazil, Austria, Portugal, Sweden, Singapore, Czechia, Malaysia, Hungary

PBS (Phosphate-Buffered Saline) is a widely used buffer solution in biological and medical research. It is a balanced salt solution that maintains a stable pH and osmotic pressure, making it suitable for a variety of applications. PBS is primarily used for washing, diluting, and suspending cells and biological samples.

Phosphate buffered saline (pbs) by Thermo Fisher Scientific

Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, China, France, Canada, Japan, Australia, Belgium, Italy, Switzerland, Ireland, Spain, Netherlands, Poland, Denmark, India, Norway, Austria, Sweden, Macao, Singapore, Israel, Sao Tome and Principe, New Zealand, Hong Kong, Portugal, Panama, Malaysia, Lithuania, Brazil

Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) is a widely used buffer solution in biological research and laboratory procedures. It is a balanced salt solution that maintains a physiological pH and osmolarity, making it suitable for a variety of applications. PBS is primarily used to maintain the viability and integrity of cells, tissues, and other biological samples during various experimental protocols.

Ethanol by Merck Group

Sourced in Germany, United States, United Kingdom, Italy, India, France, China, Australia, Spain, Canada, Switzerland, Japan, Brazil, Poland, Sao Tome and Principe, Singapore, Chile, Malaysia, Belgium, Macao, Mexico, Ireland, Sweden, Indonesia, Pakistan, Romania, Czechia, Denmark, Hungary, Egypt, Israel, Portugal, Taiwan, Province of China, Austria, Thailand

Ethanol is a clear, colorless liquid chemical compound commonly used in laboratory settings. It is a key component in various scientific applications, serving as a solvent, disinfectant, and fuel source. Ethanol has a molecular formula of C2H6O and a range of industrial and research uses.

What are the different types or variations of sodium phosphate?

What are the key biological functions of sodium phosphate?

How can PubCompare.ai help optimize my sodium phosphate research?

PubCompare.ai allows you to screen protocol literature more efficiently and leverage AI to pinpoint critical insights. The platform can help researchers identify the most effective protocols related to sodium phosphate for their specific research goals. PubCompare's AI-driven analysis can highlight key differences in protocol effectiveness, enabling you to choose the best option for reproducibility and accuaracy in your experiments.

What are some common applications of sodium phosphate?

More about "Sodium phosphate"

Sodium phosphate, also known as trisodium phosphate or Na3PO4, is a versatile chemical compound with a wide range of applications across various industries and research fields.
This common salt plays a crucial role in numerous biological processes, including cell signaling, energy metabolism, and bone development.
Researchers and scientists can leverage PubCompare.ai, an AI-driven platform, to easily locate relevant protocols from literature, preprints, and patents related to sodium phosphate.
This tool provides valuable comparisons, allowing users to identify the best methods and products, ultimately enhancing the reproducibility and accuracy of their sodium phosphate research.
Sodium phosphate is often used in conjunction with other common chemicals, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium chloride (NaCl), bovine serum albumin (BSA), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), fetal bovine serum (FBS), hydrochloric acid (HCl), methanol (CH3OH), phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and ethanol (C2H5OH).
These compounds can be utilized in various applications, including cell culture, buffer preparation, and sample processing.
By harnessing the insights and capabilities provided by PubCompare.ai, researchers can streamline their sodium phosphate-related experiments, improve experimental design, and enhance the overall quality and reproducibility of their findings.
This can lead to more accurate and impactful contributions to the scientific community.