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1-(2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl)-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine

1-(2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl)-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine is a chemical compound with potential pharmacological properties.
It consists of a piperazine ring with a 4-aminophenyl ethyl substituent at the 1-position and a 3-trifluoromethylphenyl group at the 4-position.
This molecule has been the subject of research protocols aimed at optimizing its synthesis and characterization.
PubCompare.ai can help researchers discover the best protocols and products for working with this compound through AI-driven comparison of related literature, preprints, and patents, improving reproducibility and accuracy in their studiees.

Most cited protocols related to «1-(2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl)-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine»

1
Radioisotope Tracing of Calcium Transport
The starting concentration of the radioisotope in the hemolymph half chamber (DPM ⋅ l–1) was divided by the concentration of Ca2+ (10 mM) in the Ringer solution to give the specific activity in DPM ⋅ (mmol Ca2+)–1.
The amount of DPM from the 45Ca accumulated in the shell half chamber at each time point was multiplied by 80 to achieve the total DPM in the 4 ml volume. The total amount of Ca2+ (mM) transferred across the OME was then calculated from the total DPM using the specific activity according to Eq. 2.
The slope of the Ca2+ accumulation across 90 min was determined and the transport rate was expressed as nM ⋅ min–1.
The permeability of the paracellular pathways was described by the apparent permeability (Papp) of 3H-mannitol across the OME, which was calculated using Eq. 3
in which dQ ⋅ dt–1 describes the appearance of 3H-mannitol on the shell side (mol ⋅ s–1), Ac the surface area of the chamber opening (0.75 cm2) and C0 the initial concentration of 3H-mannitol on the hemolymph side (mol ⋅ ml–1).
Sillanpää J.K., Cardoso J.C., Félix R.C., Anjos L., Power D.M, & Sundell K. (2020). Dilution of Seawater Affects the Ca2 + Transport in the Outer Mantle Epithelium of Crassostrea gigas. Frontiers in Physiology, 11, 1.
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Publication 2020
1-(2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl)-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine Hemolymph Mannitol Permeability Radioisotopes Ringer's Solution
2
Auditory-Naming Task to Identify Language-Related Cortex

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Publication 2012
1-(2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl)-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine Ear Electrocorticography Epilepsy Gamma Rays Hearing Patients Plant Roots Speech Therapy Stimulations, Electric
3
Spatiotemporal dynamics of auditory processing
Each ECoG trial was transformed into the time–frequency domain using a complex demodulation technique (Papp and Ktonas, 1977 (link)) incorporated in BESA® EEG V.5.1.8 software (BESA GmbH, Gräfelfing, Germany; Hoechstetter et al., 2004 (link); Brown et al., 2008 (link)). A given ECoG signal was assigned an amplitude (a measure proportional to the square root of power) as a function of time and frequency at each trial. The time–frequency transform was obtained by multiplication of the time–domain signal with a complex exponential, followed by a low-pass filter. The low-pass filter used here was a finite impulse response filter of Gaussian shape, making the complex demodulation effectively equivalent to a Gabor transform. The filter had a full-width at half-maximum of 2 × 15.8 ms in the temporal domain and 2 × 7.1 Hz in the frequency domain. At each time–frequency bin at each electrode site, we measured the amplitude change at the bands, in steps of 5 Hz and 10 ms, relative to the mean amplitude in a resting period between 600 to 200 ms prior to stimulus onset. Time–frequency analysis was repeated with a time-lock to (i) stimulus onset; (ii) stimulus offset; and (iii) response onset. The per cent changes in high-gamma (70–110 Hz) and beta amplitudes (15–30 Hz) at each electrode site and each moment were spatially presented with a Gaussian half-width at half-maximum of 7.5 mm, and sequentially animated on the average FreeSurfer pial surface image as a function of time throughout the task. Grand-averaging of all available patients’ data finally yielded a 4D map showing ‘when’ and ‘where’ high-gamma and beta activities are augmented and attenuated during the auditory-naming task in each of the older and younger groups.
Nakai Y., Jeong J.W., Brown E.C., Rothermel R., Kojima K., Kambara T., Shah A., Mittal S., Sood S, & Asano E. (2017). Three- and four-dimensional mapping of speech and language in patients with epilepsy. Brain, 140(5), 1351-1370.
Publication 2017
1-(2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl)-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine Auditory Perception Electrocorticography Gamma Rays Patients Plant Roots Strains Youth
4
Spatial Alignment of Brain Images Using QuickNII
The three image series (hAPP, pan-Aβ and pE-Aβ) were aligned to reference atlas space with the QuickNII atlasing tool (Figure 2; Puchades et al., 2019 (link)). This open access software allows assignment of spatial location to serial brain section images. The reference atlases available in the tool are the Waxholm Space Rat Atlas for rat data (Papp et al., 2014 (link); Kjonigsen et al., 2015 (link)) and the Allen Mouse Brain Atlas for mouse data (© 2004 Allen Institute for Brain Science. Allen Mouse Brain Atlas. Available from: http://download.alleninstitute.org/informatics-archive/current-release/mouse_ccf/annotation/ccf_2015/) (Lein et al., 2007 (link); Oh et al., 2014 (link)).
Within QuickNII, the volumetric brain reference atlases are used to generate customised atlas maps that match the spatial orientation and proportions of the experimental sections. In the software, the location is defined by superimposing the reference atlas onto the section images in a process termed “anchoring.” In “anchoring” the cutting angle of the reference atlas is adjusted to match the plane of the sections, with the position of each section identified prior to a manual adaptation of each atlas image to match the section images using affine transformations. Anchoring of a series of, e.g., 100 sections from an animal, typically takes 2–6 h, depending on the quality of the sections in the series (distorted sections are more difficult to anchor).
The QuickNII software is available at NITRC4 through the HBP1.
Yates S.C., Groeneboom N.E., Coello C., Lichtenthaler S.F., Kuhn P.H., Demuth H.U., Hartlage-Rübsamen M., Roßner S., Leergaard T., Kreshuk A., Puchades M.A, & Bjaalie J.G. (2019). QUINT: Workflow for Quantification and Spatial Analysis of Features in Histological Images From Rodent Brain. Frontiers in Neuroinformatics, 13, 75.
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Publication 2019
1-(2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl)-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine Acclimatization Animals Brain Mice, House Microtubule-Associated Proteins Space Perception
5
Quantitative Assay of PAPP-A Proteolytic Activity
To assess proteolytic inhibition, the proteolytic activity of PAPP-A against IGFBP-4 was analyzed as previously described in detail [49 (link)]. Briefly, purified IGFBP-4 was labeled with 125I (Amersham Biosciences), and cleavage reactions (t = 60 min) were carried out in 50 mM Tris-HCl, 100 mM NaCl, 1 mM CaCl2, pH 7.5, in the presence of a molar excess of IGF-II (Diagnostic Systems Laboratories) at 37 °C. Concentrations were: PAPP-A, 200 pM; IGFBP-4, 10 nM; IGF-II, 100 nM. In some reactions, purified antibody was added in known amounts as specified. Reactions were terminated by the addition of SDS-PAGE sample buffer supplemented with 25 mM EGTA. For kinetic analysis, reaction times were 0, 30, 60, and 120 min. Cleavage products were separated by 10-20% SDS-PAGE and visualized by autoradiography. The degree of cleavage was determined by quantification of band intensities using a Typhoon imaging system (GE Healthcare), and background levels (mock signals) were subtracted. Relative initial velocities (Vi/V0) were determined by linear regression assuming no substrate depletion. Quantitative analyses for inhibitory constant (Ki) determination were carried out with GraphPad Prism 5.0 software using the Morrison Ki model (competitive inhibition). For semi-quantitative experiments, unlabeled IGFBP-4 (R&D Systems) was used, and proteolytic activity was assessed by the separation of cleavage products in Western blotting. Briefly, samples were separated by 4-20% SDS-PAGE, blotted onto a PVDF membrane (Millipore), blocked with LI-COR blocking buffer, and probed for the N- and C-terminal fragment of IGFBP-4 using specific antibodies (ab92625 and ab153654, Abcam) by incubation for 20 h at 4°C. Fluorescently labeled secondary antibodies (LI-COR) were used for detection of intact and cleaved IGFBP-4, images were captured using a LI-COR Odyssey scanner, and intensities measured using the Image J software. Cleavage (t = 30 min at 37 °C) of IGFBP-5 by human PAPP-A2 was carried out as previously detailed [27 (link)], using 10 nM IGFBP-5, 100 nM IGF-II, 100 pM PAPP-A2 and a variable concentration (0-1000 nM) of mAb 1/41.
Mikkelsen J.H., Resch Z.T., Kalra B., Savjani G., Kumar A., Conover C.A, & Oxvig C. (2014). Indirect targeting of IGF receptor signaling in vivo by substrate-selective inhibition of PAPP-A proteolytic activity. Oncotarget, 5(4), 1014-1025.
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Publication 2014
1-(2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl)-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine Antibodies Autoradiography Buffers Cytokinesis Diagnosis Egtazic Acid Exhaling Homo sapiens IGFBP4 protein, human IGFBP5 protein, human Immunoglobulins insulin-like growth factor 2, human Kinetics Molar polyvinylidene fluoride Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A prisma Proteolysis Psychological Inhibition SDS-PAGE Sodium Chloride Tissue, Membrane Tromethamine Typhoons

Most recents protocols related to «1-(2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl)-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine»

1
Assessing Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Integrity
The integrity and permeability of the cell monolayer were determined by estimation of the TEER and FITC-dextran (Sigma-Aldrich) permeability. After the establishment of tight junctions of intestinal epithelial cells, the transmembrane resistance was measured using a cell resistance meter (MERS00002, Merck Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA), with repeated measurements on alternate days for a comprehensive understanding of the dynamic formation process of monolayer integrity. To guarantee the stability and accuracy of the value, the vigorous measurement process was conducted at 37 °C. After the removal of the culture plate, it was equilibrated on the ultra-clean table for 0.5 h. Three different directions were chosen in each Transwell culture plate for repetitive measurement during the assessment. The TEER was calculated as the average value × the membrane area of the Transwell culture plate. As the Transwell membrane itself has a certain TEER value, the actual TEER value should be determined by subtraction of the TEER value of the blank control from the measured value.
After the successful establishment of tight junctions of intestinal epithelial cells in the Caco-2 cell line, the Transwell plate was slowly rinsed twice with Hank’s balanced salt solution (HBSS) which had been preheated to 37 °C. Afterward, 0.5 mL of 200 μg/mL of fluorescent yellow solution was supplemented to the apical chamber of the Transwell plate, and 1.5 mL of HBSS buffer was supplemented to the basolateral chamber. After 2-h incubation, 100 μL solution was taken from both the apical and basolateral chambers of the Transwell chambers. A multi-functional microplate reader (Multiskan FC, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) was applied to evaluate the fluorescence intensity, with the calculation of the fluorescence permeability and the apparent permeability coefficient of transmembrane transport (Papp). The calculation formula was as follows: Papp = ΔQ/(Δt A Co) (cm s−1), where ΔQ is the amount of fluorescence transport within Δt, A (cm2) is the membrane area, and Co is the initial concentration of fluorescence on the top side of Caco-2 cells.
Ning L., Ye N., Ye B., Miao Z., Cao T., Lu W., Xu D., Tan C., Xu Y, & Yan J. (2023). Qingre Xingyu recipe exerts inhibiting effects on ulcerative colitis development by inhibiting TNFα/NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β pathway and macrophage M1 polarization. Cell Death Discovery, 9, 84.
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Publication 2023
1-(2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl)-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine Buffers Caco-2 Cells Cell Lines Cells Epithelial Cells fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran Fluorescence Intestines Permeability Sodium Chloride Tight Junctions Tissue, Membrane
2
Intestinal Permeability Measurement In Vivo and Ex Vivo
Intestinal permeability in vivo, was measured using 4 kDa Fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-Dextran) (Sigma, Cat#46944). 4 hours after FITC-dextran was orally administered to mouse (12 mg per mouse), the serum was collected and diluted in a microplate reader (Greiner bio one, Austria), and the fluorescence was measured at 485(ex)/528(em) nm using a SpectraMax iD5 (Molecular Devices, Japan). The concentration of FITC-dextran was then calculated.
Intestinal permeability ex vivo was investigated according to a previous report (22 (link)). The whole digestive tract from the stomach to the final part of colon was collected. After MAT was removed, specific intestinal sections were collected. A 4 cm segment under the stomach was selected as the duodenum, a segment from the 5th to the 10th centimetre below the stomach as the jejunum, a 5 cm intestinal section proximal to the cecum as the ileum, and a 5 cm segment below the cecum as the colon (Figure 2B). The collected intestinal tracts were washed by PBS (-) and the contents were gently removed without breaking the intestinal tissues. A 1 mg/mL solution of 4 kDa FITC-dextran was injected into the selected intestinal sections tied with surgical sutures, and each segment was moved to DMEM (Sigma-Aldrich, USA, Cat#11965092) and placed at 37°C (Figure S1C). The concentration of FITC-dextran transported from the lumen to the DMEM was measured every 30 minutes, and the cumulative concentration (Qt) of the DMEM, collected at each time point, was calculated using the following formula.
Qt = (Ct*Vr) + (Ct sum*Vs), where:
Qt = Cumulative concentration at time t
Ct = Concentration at time t (ng/mL)
Vr = Volume at the receiver side (mL)
Ctsum = Sum of all previous CtVs = Volume sampled (mL)
Qt versus time (t) was plotted and the slope (δQt/δt) was calculated. And the apparent permeability (Papp) of each individual intestinal sac was calculated using the following formula:
Papp = (δQt/δt)/(A*Co), where:
A = Area of tissue (cm2)
Co = Initial concentration (ng/mL)
Wang Y., Takano T., Zhou Y., Wang R., Toshimitsu T., Sashihara T., Tanokura M., Miyakawa T., Nakajima-Adachi H, & Hachimura S. (2023). Orally administered Lactiplantibacillus plantarum OLL2712 decreased intestinal permeability, especially in the ileum: Ingested lactic acid bacteria alleviated obesity-induced inflammation by collaborating with gut microbiota. Frontiers in Immunology, 14, 1123052.
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Publication 2023
1-(2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl)-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine Cecum Colon Duodenum fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran Fluorescence Gastrointestinal Tract Ileum Intestines Jejunum Medical Devices Mice, House Permeability Serum Stomach Sutures Tissues
3
Fluorescein Transport Assay in Hesperidin-Treated Caco-2 Cells
Fluorescein transport experiments were performed in the hesperidin‐pretreated Caco‐2 cell monolayers using the Ussing Chamber system (Model U‐2500, Warner Instrument Co., Holliston, MA, USA). Caco‐2 cell monolayers in the transwell inserts were gently rinsed with Hanks's balanced salt solution (HBSS) buffer [pH 7.4, adjusted with 10 mm 4‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐1‐piperazine ethanesulfonic acid, HEPES] to remove any free test compound before carefully mounting the inserts in the Ussing Chamber. HBSS buffer aliquots (6.0 mL) were added to the apical and basolateral sides to equilibrate the monolayers for 10 min. The transport assay was started by replacing the apical buffer with fresh HBSS buffer containing 100 μm fluorescein. During the transport experiment, both sides were continuously bubbled with a mixture of O2:CO2 (95:5). Sample aliquots of 100 μL were collected from the basolateral side every 5 min for 30 min, and the same sample volume of fresh HBSS was simultaneously added to the basolateral side at each time point. The fluorescence of the collected samples was measured with a fluorescence spectrophotometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) at an excitation wavelength of 485 nm and an emission wavelength of 535 nm. The apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) was calculated using the following equation: Pappcm/s=VAC0dCdt where V is the assay solution volume in the basolateral compartment (6 mL); A is the surface area of the membrane (0.2826 cm2); C0 is the initial concentration in the apical compartment (mmol); dC/dt is the change in concentration in the basolateral compartment over time (mmol·s−1). The relative Papp of fluorescein in Caco‐2 cell monolayers pretreated with the test compound (hesperidin) was expressed as percentage (%) of the control Papp.
Park H, & Yu J. (2023). Hesperidin enhances intestinal barrier function in Caco‐2 cell monolayers via AMPK‐mediated tight junction‐related proteins. FEBS Open Bio, 13(3), 532-544.
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Publication 2023
1-(2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl)-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine Biological Assay Buffers Caco-2 Cells ethane sulfonate Fluorescein Fluorescence HEPES Hesperidin Permeability Piperazine Sodium Chloride Specimen Collection Tissue, Membrane
4
Digoxin Transport Assay in Caco-2 Cells
Digoxin transport was investigated using a bidirectional transcellular transport assay across a monolayer of Caco-2 cells. Cells were equilibrated in assay buffer (Hanks' Balanced Salt Solution with HEPES 15 mM adjusted to pH 7.4 with NaOH) for 30 minutes before [3H]digoxin (1 μM) was added to the donor compartment (apical side of the monolayer in apical-to-basal transport experiments, or the basal side in basal-to-apical experiments). BI 425809 (1, 3, 10, 30, or 100 μM) or zosuquidar (1 μM) was added to both the donor compartment and the receiver compartment on the opposite side of the monolayer. The assay was initiated after 30 minutes of preincubation with digoxin. Samples were collected from the donor compartment at −30, 0, and 90 minutes and from the receiver compartment at 0, 30, 60, and 90 minutes. Sample radioactivity was measured using a liquid scintillation counter.
The permeability coefficient (Papp) value was calculated using the transport rate and the initial concentration of radioactivity in the donor compartment using the following equation, where Papp is the permeability coefficient (cm/s), Ct0 is the initial radioactivity concentration in the donor compartment at time t0 (dpm/mL), A is the area of the filter (cm2), VR is the volume of buffer in the receiver compartment (mL), and ΔCR/Δt is the change in radioactivity concentration over time in the receiver compartment (dpm/[mL·s]):
The transport rate ∆CR/∆t was calculated based on the linear part of the compound concentration in the receiver compartment over time curve.
The efflux ratio (ER) for digoxin was calculated as the ratio of the permeability coefficients for basal-to-apical (BtoA) and apical-to-basal (AtoB) transport, using the following equation:
The concentration of inhibitor resulting in 50% inhibition of P-gp was calculated based on iterative nonlinear regression analysis of the dose-response relationship, which was performed using XLfit (version 5.3.1.3; IDBS, Guildford, United Kingdom). IC50 values were calculated, assuming standard (hyperbolic) Michaelis-Menten kinetics, using the following equation (where ER is the observed ER, h is the slope factor, I is the concentration of inhibitor [μM], ERmax is the ER at I = 0, and ERmin is the ER at I = infinity):
Desch M., Schlecker C., Hohl K., Liesenfeld K.H., Chan T., Müller F., Wunderlich G., Keller S., Ishiguro N, & Wind S. (2023). Pharmacokinetic-Interactions of BI 425809, a Novel Glycine Transporter 1 Inhibitor, With Cytochrome P450 and P-Glycoprotein Substrates: Findings From In Vitro Analyses and an Open-Label, Single-Sequence Phase I Study. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 43(2), 113-121.
Publication 2023
1-(2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl)-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine BI 425809 Biological Assay Buffers Caco-2 Cells Cells Digoxin Hanks Balanced Salt Solution HEPES Kinetics Permeability Psychological Inhibition Radioactivity Scintillation Counters Tissue Donors Transcytosis
5
Heart Rate Variability Analysis Protocol
We imported ECG recordings into Kubios software (University of Eastern Finland, Finland), conducted a visual inspection of the full ECG recording, and manually corrected artifacts (Laborde et al., 2017 (link)). A medium filter was used (Papp et al., 2013 (link); Pla et al., 2021 ). Then, rMSSD was calculated as the root mean square of successive differences of RR intervals (Colzato et al., 2018 (link)). Regarding HRV parameters, there were obvious abnormalities in the LF and HF indicators of two subjects, but their rMSSD data were normal. Since this study only used rMSSD data, no outliers were deleted. All participants were divided into the high HRV group (i.e., high rMSSD) and low HRV group (i.e., low rMSSD) according to their median rMSSD (Weber et al., 2010 (link)). This resulted in 21 subjects in each group.
Root mean square of successive differences data were determined to follow a normal distribution via the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Then, we used ANOVA to compare the differences in vagal tone between the high rMSSD group (HIGHs) and the low rMSSD group (LOWs). We set rMSSD as the dependent variable and took the groups (HIGHs and LOWs) as the independent variable, using age, gender, and body mass index (BMI) as the covariates. We used partial correlation controlling BMI, gender, and age to study the differences between the two groups. The ANOVA analysis used the Bonferroni correction.
Zeng J., Meng J., Wang C., Leng W., Zhong X., Gong A., Bo S, & Jiang C. (2023). High vagally mediated resting-state heart rate variability is associated with superior working memory function. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 17, 1119405.
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Publication 2023
1-(2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl)-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine Congenital Abnormality Index, Body Mass neuro-oncological ventral antigen 2, human Plant Roots Pneumogastric Nerve

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More about "1-(2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl)-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine"

1-(2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl)-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine is a versatile chemical compound with numerous potential pharmacological applications.
This piperazine-based molecule features a 4-aminophenyl ethyl substituent at the 1-position and a 3-trifluoromethylphenyl group at the 4-position, giving it unique structural and functional properties.
Researchers have been actively investigating the synthesis, characterization, and optimization of this compound, often utilizing advanced analytical techniques like HPLC, NMR, and mass spectrometry.
The development of efficient and reproducible protocols for working with 1-(2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl)-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine is crucial for advancing its potential therapeutic applications.
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By leveraging the power of PubCompare.ai, researchers can improve the reproducibility and accuracy of their experiments, ultimately accelerating the progress of their investigations.
Beyond the core compound, researchers may also utilize complementary tools and techniques, such as FITC-dextran for permeability assays, Transwell inserts for cell-based studies, Cascade Blue for fluorescent labeling, Millicell ERS-2 for electrical resistance measurements, and HBSS for cell culture media.
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