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Acetaminophen

Acetaminophen is a widely used over-the-counter medication for pain relief and fever reduction.
It is a non-opioid analgesic and antipyretic drug that works by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins in the central nervous system.
Acetaminophen is commonly used to treat headaches, muscle aches, arthritis, menstrual cramps, and cold and flu symptoms.
It is generally considered safe when taken as directed, but can cause liver damage if taken in excessibve amounts or combined with alcohol.
Proper dosage and caution are important when using acetaminophen, especially in children and older adults.

Most cited protocols related to «Acetaminophen»

1
Hepatocyte Differentiation and APAP Adduct Analysis
Cited 19 times
HepaRG cells were obtained from Biopredic International (Rennes, France). The cells were seeded at 1 × 105 undifferentiated cells/cm2 in hepatocyte wash medium (Invitrogen Corporation, Carlsbad, CA) containing additives for growth (Biopredic). The cells were cultured at 37°C with 21% O2 and 5% CO2 for 14 days before differentiation. Medium was renewed every 3 days. Cell differentiation was induced as described.22 (link) The cells were maintained up to 4 weeks after differentiation for use. HepG2 cells were grown to 90% confluence in DMSO-free Williams’ E Medium containing penicillin/streptomycin, insulin, and 10% FBS. For APAP treatment, HepaRG or HepG2 cells were washed with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and changed to DMSO-free medium containing the desired concentration of APAP. For caspase inhibition, some cells were pretreated for 1h with medium containing 20 µM Z-VD-fmk (generous gift from Dr. S. X. Cai, Epicept Corp., San Diego, CA), then changed to medium containing 20 µM Z-VD-fmk and 20 mM APAP. As a positive control for caspase activation, some cells were treated for 16.5h with 5 mM galactosamine and 100 ng/mL recombinant human TNF (Genzyme, Cambridge, MA). HepaRG cells were used at passages 18, 19, and 20. Within this range, no variation in GSH depletion or in the kinetics of injury was observed after APAP exposure suggesting no relevant change in CYP expression or activity between these passages.
Analysis of APAP protein adducts. After protease digestion, APAP-cysteine (APAP-CYS) adducts were measured in cells and in the culture medium by LC-MS/MS as described in detail in the supplemental material.
McGill M.R., Yan H.M., Ramachandran A., Murray G.J., Rollins D.E, & Jaeschke H. (2011). HepaRG CELLS: A HUMAN MODEL TO STUDY MECHANISMS OF ACETAMINOPHEN HEPATOTOXICITY. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 53(3), 974-982.
Publication 2010
5-galactosamine Acetaminophen benzyloxycarbonyl-valyl-aspartic acid fluoromethyl ketone Caspase Cells Culture Media Cysteine Digestion Etanercept Hepatocyte Hep G2 Cells Injuries Insulin Kinetics Penicillins Peptide Hydrolases Phosphates Proteins Psychological Inhibition Saline Solution Streptomycin Sulfoxide, Dimethyl Tandem Mass Spectrometry
2
Avelumab plus Axitinib vs. Sunitinib in Renal-Cell Carcinoma
Cited 16 times
This was a multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase 3 trial comparing avelumab plus axitinib with sunitinib. Randomization (in a 1:1 ratio) was stratified according to ECOG performance-status score (0 vs. 1) and geographic region (United States vs. Canada and Western Europe vs. the rest of the world).
Avelumab was administered at a dose of 10 mg per kilogram of body weight as a 1-hour intravenous infusion every 2 weeks. An antihistamine and acetaminophen were administered approximately 30 to 60 minutes before each infusion. Axitinib was administered orally at a starting dose of 5 mg twice daily on a continuous dosing schedule. Sunitinib was administered at a dose of 50 mg orally once daily for 4 weeks of a 6-week cycle. Dose escalations and reductions of axitinib and dose reductions of sunitinib are described in the protocol (available at NEJM. org).17 ,18 Dose reductions of avelumab were not permitted, but subsequent infusions could be omitted in response to persisting toxic effects. The original primary objective was to show the superiority of avelumab plus axitinib over sunitinib in prolonging progression-free survival among patients with advanced renal-cell carcinoma, irrespective of PD-L1 expression. A June 2017 protocol amendment, while data were still masked, was based on new data from a single-group phase 1b trial14 (link) and two trials of immune checkpoint inhibitors that showed an overall survival benefit among patients with renal-cell carcinoma.5 (link),6 (link) This amendment changed the primary objective of the trial to show the superiority of avelumab plus axitinib over sunitinib with respect to either progression-free or overall survival among patients with PD-L1–positive tumors.
Motzer R.J., Penkov K., Haanen J., Rini B., Albiges L., Campbell M.T., Venugopal B., Kollmannsberger C., Negrier S., Uemura M., Lee J.L., Vasiliev A., Miller WH J.r., Gurney H., Schmidinger M., Larkin J., Atkins M.B., Bedke J., Alekseev B., Wang J., Mariani M., Robbins P.B., Chudnovsky A., Fowst C., Hariharan S., Huang B., di Pietro A, & Choueiri T.K. (2019). Avelumab plus Axitinib versus Sunitinib for Advanced Renal-Cell Carcinoma. The New England journal of medicine, 380(12), 1103-1115.
Publication 2019
Acetaminophen avelumab Axitinib Body Weight CD274 protein, human Disease Progression Drug Tapering Electrocorticography Histamine H1 Antagonists Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Intravenous Infusion Neoplasms Patients Renal Cell Carcinoma Sunitinib
3
Quantification of APAP-CYS Adducts
Cited 15 times

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Publication 2013
Acetaminophen Buffers Cell Culture Techniques Cells Centrifugation Cold Temperature Culture Media Digestion Endopeptidases High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies Ischemia Liver Methanol Plasma Proteins Reperfusion Sodium Acetate Tandem Mass Spectrometry
4
Organelle Isolation in APAP Toxicity
Cited 15 times

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Publication 2012
Acetaminophen Anesthesia Animals BLOOD Cells Centrifugation Cytosol Exsanguination Food Formalin Freezing isolation Joint Dislocations Light Liver Mice, House Mice, Inbred C57BL Microsomes Mitochondria Neck Organelles Pharmaceutical Preparations Phosphates Proteins Rats, Inbred F344 Rats, Sprague-Dawley Rattus Saline Solution Serum Subcellular Fractions Teflon Tissue, Membrane Tissues Tween 80 Tweens Venae Cavae
5
SARS-CoV-2 IgG Assay Precision and Specificity
Cited 14 times
A 5-day precision study according to CLSI EP5-A3 guidelines was performed using a panel of 6 plasma samples, prepared by either spiking or diluting as necessary to obtain negative, slightly positive, and moderately positive samples. The panel samples were tested with the LIAISON SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG assay in 6 replicates per run and 3 runs per day for 5 operating days on one LIAISON XL analyzer (n = 90).
A cross-reactivity study was performed to evaluate other SARS viruses (human CoV-229E [HCoV-229E], HCoV-HKU1, HCoV-OC43, and untyped HCoV), and samples from patients with conditions caused by other viruses, other organisms, or atypical immune system activity (nuclear autoantibodies, herpesvirus B, herpesvirus C, influenza A virus, influenza B virus, respiratory syncytial virus, Borrelia burgdorferi, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2, human anti-mouse antibodies, parvovirus B19, rheumatoid factor, rubella virus, and varicella zoster virus). Samples for the evaluation were collected before October 2019, prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, samples with potentially interfering factors, such as triglycerides, hemoglobin, bilirubin, cholesterol, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and biotin, were assessed with the LIAISON SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG assay according to CLSI guidelines.
Bonelli F., Sarasini A., Zierold C., Calleri M., Bonetti A., Vismara C., Blocki F.A., Pallavicini L., Chinali A., Campisi D., Percivalle E., DiNapoli A.P., Perno C.F, & Baldanti F. (2020). Clinical and Analytical Performance of an Automated Serological Test That Identifies S1/S2-Neutralizing IgG in COVID-19 Patients Semiquantitatively. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 58(9), e01224-20.
Publication 2020
Acetaminophen Anti-Antibodies Autoantibodies Bilirubin Biological Assay Biotin Borrelia burgdorferi Cholesterol Coronavirus OC43, Human COVID 19 Cross Reactions Cytomegalovirus Epstein-Barr Virus Hemoglobin Herpesvirus 1, Cercopithecine Homo sapiens Human coronavirus HKU1 Human Herpesvirus 1 Human Herpesvirus 3 Ibuprofen Influenza A virus Influenza B virus Mus Mycoplasma pneumoniae Parvovirus B19, Human Patients Plasma Respiratory Syncytial Virus Rheumatoid Factor Rubella virus SARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus Simplexvirus System, Immune Triglycerides Virus

Most recents protocols related to «Acetaminophen»

1
Fabrication of Fibrous Acetaminophen Dosage Forms
Not available on PMC !

Example 2

Dosage forms B and C were prepared as follows. 20 wt % acetaminophen drug particles were first mixed with the excipient, 80 wt % HPMC of molecular weight 120 kg/mol. The mixture was then combined with a solvent, either DMSO (for preparing dosage form B) or water (for dosage form C). The volume of solvent per mass of excipient was 5.5 ml/g and 3.33 ml/g, respectively, for preparing dosage forms B and C. The drug-excipient-solvent mixture was then extruded through a laboratory extruder to form a uniform viscous paste. The viscous paste was put in a syringe equipped with a hypodermic needle of inner radius, Rn=130 μm (for preparing dosage form B) or Rn 500 μm (for preparing dosage form C). The paste was then extruded through the needle and patterned as a fibrous dosage form with cross-ply arrangement of fibers. The nominal inter-fiber distance in a ply was uniform and equal to 730 μm (for preparing dosage form B) or 2800 μm (for preparing dosage form C). During and after patterning, warm air at a temperature of 60° C. and a velocity of about 2.3 m/s was blown over the fibrous dosage forms for a time, tdry˜40 minutes, to evaporate the solvent and freeze the structure. The process parameters to prepare the dosage forms are summarized in Table 1. After drying, the structure was trimmed to a square disk shaped dosage form of side length, L0˜8 mm. The thickness, H0, of the dosage forms B and C was about 3 mm.

Single fibers B and C were prepared as dosage forms B and C, but without structuring the fibrous extrudate to a dosage form.

TABLE1
Process parameters to prepare the single fibers and fibrous dosage forms.
v'sRnλntdry
solvent(ml/g)(μm)(μm)Rn/λn(min)
ADMSO0.90130 7300.1835
BDMSO5.50130 7300.1840
Cwater3.3350028000.1840
v's : volume of solvent/ mass of excipient,
Rn: inner radius of needle,
λn: nominal inter-fiber spacing,
td: drying time.
The microstructural parameters of dry dosage forms differ from the nominal parameters because the dosage form shrinks during drying (Table 2, later). In all formulations the drug weight fraction in the drug-excipient mixture was 0.2.

US11865216B2. Expandable structured dosage form for immediate drug delivery (2024-01-09). None [US]. Inventors: Aron H. Blaesi [US], Nannaji Saka [US].
Patent 2024
Acetaminophen Cocaine Dosage Forms Excipients Fibrosis Freezing Hypodermic Needles Needles Pastes Pharmaceutical Preparations Radius Solvents Sulfoxide, Dimethyl Syringes Viscosity
2
Prophylactic use of medications in preterm infants
A structured survey and semistructured interview script were developed by the research team (eMethods and eFigure in Supplement 1). The interview consisted of the following components:
For the pilot study, we used data on use of prophylactic indomethacin, ibuprofen, and acetaminophen in preterm infants available from existing evidence published in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.13 (link),14 (link),15 (link) For the formal study, updated evidence from the recent Cochrane review and network meta-analysis by Mitra et al16 (link) was used. Evidence on prophylactic use of hydrocortisone was drawn from a 2019 individual patient data meta-analysis by Shaffer et al.17 (link)
Mitra S., Hatfield T., Campbell-Yeo M., Dorling J, & Johnston B.C. (2023). Evaluation of Health-Related Values and Preferences of Adults Who Were Preterm Infants and Parents of Preterm Infants Concerning Use of Prophylactic Cyclooxygenase Inhibitor Drugs. JAMA Network Open, 6(3), e232273.
Publication 2023
Acetaminophen Condoms Dietary Supplements Hydrocortisone Ibuprofen Indomethacin Patients Preterm Infant
3
Multimodal Perioperative Protocol for Shoulder Surgery

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Publication 2023
Acetaminophen Anesthesia Anesthesia, Conduction Anesthesiologist Antibiotics, Antitubercular Aprepitant Aspirin Bupivacaine Cefazolin Cephalexin Chemoprevention Chlorhexidine chlorhexidine gluconate Clindamycin Deep Vein Thrombosis Dexamethasone Ethanol Famotidine Fentanyl Gabapentin Hypersensitivity Ibuprofen Isopropyl Alcohol Management, Pain Medical Devices Meloxicam Nerve Block Ondansetron Operative Surgical Procedures Oxycodone Pain, Postoperative Patients Penicillins Percocet Postoperative Nausea Powder Ropivacaine Scopolamine Skin Surgery, Day Therapeutics Thigh Treatment Protocols Ultrasonics Vancomycin Wounds
4
Hemodialysis Patients Glucose Monitoring

All hemodialysis patients aged>18 years of the two dialysis units who had
been treated with chronic outpatient intermittent hemodialysis for at least
three months were asked to participate in the study. Patients with impaired
vision that might interfere with SMBG, reading FGM values, and completing a
study diary were excluded. Further exclusion criteria were a history of allergic
reaction to the material of FreeStyle Libre and regular intake of paracetamol as
it potentially interferes with the measurement method
8 (link)
9 (link)
21 (link)
. The patient
screening was based on patient history in the electronic health records.
Weber M.R., Diebold M., Wiesli P, & Kistler A.D. (2023). Accuracy of Flash Glucose Monitoring in Hemodialysis Patients With and Without Diabetes Mellitus. Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes, 131(3), 132-141.
Publication 2023
Acetaminophen Dialysis Hemodialysis Outpatients Patients
5
Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Hemodialysis

We separately analyzed paired FGM and SMBG values obtained during the regular
pre-prandial and nighttime measurements, the pre- and postprandial measurements
from the second and third day of the study, and measurements obtained on
dialysis and non-dialysis days. All participants with at least 50%
paired measurements available over a period of at least 7 days were included in
the primary analysis. Participants with fewer paired measurements during a
shorter period of time or with unreliable data due to non-compliance, acute
illness, or prolonged use of paracetamol were excluded. We used Bland-Altman
plots and paired t-tests to compare the difference between paired glucose values
measured by SMBG vs. FGM. We further calculated the mean absolute difference
(MAD) and the mean absolute relative difference (MARD) for each patient, for all
measurements, and for subgroups of patients or measurement values, as defined.
For the comparison of mean difference, MAD and MARD between dialysis vs.
interdialytic days, between the first 5 days vs. the remainder of the study
period, and between pre- vs. postprandial values, we used a t-test, and for the
comparison between patients with vs. without diabetes and patients with high vs.
low ultrafiltration volume, we used a nested t-test. Agreement between FGM and
SMBG readings was further analyzed using the Surveillance error grid
22 (link)
, available at
https://www.diabetestechnology.org/seg/.
Statistical analyses were performed using Microsoft Excel version 2013 and R
software, version 4.0.2 (R Core Team 2020. R: A language and environment for
statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria.
URL
https://www.R-project.org/).
Weber M.R., Diebold M., Wiesli P, & Kistler A.D. (2023). Accuracy of Flash Glucose Monitoring in Hemodialysis Patients With and Without Diabetes Mellitus. Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes, 131(3), 132-141.
Publication 2023
Acetaminophen Diabetes Mellitus Dialysis Glucose Patients Ultrafiltration

Top products related to «Acetaminophen»

1
Acetaminophen by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, China, United Kingdom, Canada, Italy, Japan, Switzerland, France
Acetaminophen is a chemical compound used in the production of various pharmaceutical and laboratory products. It is a white, crystalline solid that is soluble in water and alcohol. Acetaminophen is a common active ingredient in over-the-counter pain and fever-reducing medications.
2
Paracetamol by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Poland, India, Spain, Ireland, Belgium
Paracetamol is a widely used pharmaceutical compound that acts as an analgesic (pain reliever) and antipyretic (fever-reducing) agent. It is a common active ingredient in various over-the-counter and prescription medications. Paracetamol is primarily used to alleviate pain and reduce fever, but its specific functions and applications should be determined by qualified healthcare professionals.
3
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Italy, Sao Tome and Principe, France, Macao, India, Canada, Switzerland, Japan, Australia, Spain, Poland, Belgium, Brazil, Czechia, Portugal, Austria, Denmark, Israel, Sweden, Ireland, Hungary, Mexico, Netherlands, Singapore, Indonesia, Slovakia, Cameroon, Norway, Thailand, Chile, Finland, Malaysia, Latvia, New Zealand, Hong Kong, Pakistan, Uruguay, Bangladesh
DMSO is a versatile organic solvent commonly used in laboratory settings. It has a high boiling point, low viscosity, and the ability to dissolve a wide range of polar and non-polar compounds. DMSO's core function is as a solvent, allowing for the effective dissolution and handling of various chemical substances during research and experimentation.
4
Phenacetin by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, China, Germany, United Kingdom, Poland
Phenacetin is a chemical compound used in the manufacturing of various pharmaceutical and laboratory products. It serves as a key ingredient in the production process. Phenacetin has specific functional properties that make it a valuable component in relevant applications, but a detailed description of its core function is beyond the scope of this response.
5
Sodium hydroxide (naoh) by Merck Group
Sourced in Germany, United States, India, United Kingdom, Italy, China, Spain, France, Australia, Canada, Poland, Switzerland, Singapore, Belgium, Sao Tome and Principe, Ireland, Sweden, Brazil, Israel, Mexico, Macao, Chile, Japan, Hungary, Malaysia, Denmark, Portugal, Indonesia, Netherlands, Czechia, Finland, Austria, Romania, Pakistan, Cameroon, Egypt, Greece, Bulgaria, Norway, Colombia, New Zealand, Lithuania
Sodium hydroxide is a chemical compound with the formula NaOH. It is a white, odorless, crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water and is a strong base. It is commonly used in various laboratory applications as a reagent.
6
Hydrochloric acid (hcl) by Merck Group
Sourced in Germany, United States, United Kingdom, India, Italy, France, Spain, Australia, China, Poland, Switzerland, Canada, Ireland, Japan, Singapore, Sao Tome and Principe, Malaysia, Brazil, Hungary, Chile, Belgium, Denmark, Macao, Mexico, Sweden, Indonesia, Romania, Czechia, Egypt, Austria, Portugal, Netherlands, Greece, Panama, Kenya, Finland, Israel, Hong Kong, New Zealand, Norway
Hydrochloric acid is a commonly used laboratory reagent. It is a clear, colorless, and highly corrosive liquid with a pungent odor. Hydrochloric acid is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride gas.
7
Methanol by Merck Group
Sourced in Germany, United States, Italy, India, United Kingdom, China, France, Poland, Spain, Switzerland, Australia, Canada, Sao Tome and Principe, Brazil, Ireland, Japan, Belgium, Portugal, Singapore, Macao, Malaysia, Czechia, Mexico, Indonesia, Chile, Denmark, Sweden, Bulgaria, Netherlands, Finland, Hungary, Austria, Israel, Norway, Egypt, Argentina, Greece, Kenya, Thailand, Pakistan
Methanol is a clear, colorless, and flammable liquid that is widely used in various industrial and laboratory applications. It serves as a solvent, fuel, and chemical intermediate. Methanol has a simple chemical formula of CH3OH and a boiling point of 64.7°C. It is a versatile compound that is widely used in the production of other chemicals, as well as in the fuel industry.
8
Diclofenac by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, France, Italy, Switzerland, Czechia, Sweden, Mexico
Diclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is used as a pain reliever and anti-inflammatory agent. It is a commonly used pharmaceutical ingredient in various lab equipment and medical products.
9
Caffeine by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Italy, China, Poland, Spain, Macao, Sao Tome and Principe, Belgium, Brazil, India, France, Australia, Argentina, Finland, Canada, Japan, Singapore, Israel
Caffeine is a naturally occurring stimulant compound that can be extracted and purified for use in various laboratory applications. It functions as a central nervous system stimulant, inhibiting the action of adenosine receptors in the brain.
10
Formic acid by Merck Group
Sourced in Germany, United States, Italy, United Kingdom, France, Spain, China, Poland, India, Switzerland, Sao Tome and Principe, Belgium, Australia, Canada, Ireland, Macao, Hungary, Czechia, Netherlands, Portugal, Brazil, Singapore, Austria, Mexico, Chile, Sweden, Bulgaria, Denmark, Malaysia, Norway, New Zealand, Japan, Romania, Finland, Indonesia
Formic acid is a colorless, pungent-smelling liquid chemical compound. It is the simplest carboxylic acid, with the chemical formula HCOOH. Formic acid is widely used in various industrial and laboratory applications.

More about "Acetaminophen"

Acetaminophen, also known as paracetamol, is a widely used over-the-counter medication for pain relief and fever reduction.
It is a non-opioid analgesic and antipyretic drug that works by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins in the central nervous system.
Acetaminophen is commonly used to treat headaches, muscle aches, arthritis, menstrual cramps, and cold and flu symptoms.
It is generally considered safe when taken as directed, but can cause liver damage if taken in excessivve amounts or combined with alcohol.
Proper dosage and caution are important when using acetaminophen, especially in children and older adults.
Acetaminophen is a versatile medication that can be used in combination with other drugs, such as caffeine or diclofenac, to enhance its effectiveness.
It can also be used topically, as in the case of DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) formulations, to target specific areas of pain.
Phenacetin, a related compound, was once used as a pain reliever but has largely been replaced by acetaminophen due to its potential for adverse effects.
The manufacturing process of acetaminophen typically involves the use of sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, and methanol, among other chemicals.
Understanding the chemical properties and interactions of these substances can help researchers and formulators optimize the production and formulation of acetaminophen-based products.
Leveraging the power of AI-driven platforms like PubCompare.ai can help researchers and clinicians identify the most effective and safe protocols for acetaminophen research and application.
By comparing protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, users can make informed decisions and optimize their acetaminophen-related studies and therapies.