Adriamycin, also known as doxorubicin, is a potent chemotherapy drug used to treat a variety of cancers, including breast, lung, and ovarian cancer.
This anthracycline antibiotic works by interfering with the DNA and RNA synthesis of rapidly dividing cancer cells, leading to cell death.
Researchers can optimize Adriamycin protocols using the PubCompare.ai platform, which leverages advanced AI-driven search tools to locate reproducible, accurate protocols from literature, preprints, and patents.
By comparing these protocols, researchers can identify the best products and approaches for their Adriamycin-based cancer research, experiecing the future of protocol optimization.
HepG2 (an HCC cell line) cells (Cat. 3111C0001CCC000035) or HepG2/ADR (an HCC cell line resistant to Adriamycin), which were purchased from Cell Culture Center, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, or descripted previously [8 ], were cultured in complete DMEM (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) in a sterile incubator maintained at 37 °C, 5% CO2. Anti-tumor agents, 5-furuolouracil (5-FU; Beijing Union Pharmaceutical Factory, China), Paclitaxel (PAC; Shanghai XudongHaipu Pharmaceutical CO., LTD., China), Cisplatin (CDDP; HaosohPharma, China), Epirubicin (EPI; Pfizer, USA), and Oxaliplatin (L-OHP; JiangshuHengrui Medicine CO, LTD, China) were purchased.
Hou J., Hong Z., Feng F., Chai Y., Zhang Y., Jiang Q., Hu Y., Wu S., Wu Y., Gao X., Chen Q., Wan Y., Bi J, & Zhang Z. (2017). A novel chemotherapeutic sensitivity-testing system based on collagen gel droplet embedded 3D–culture methods for hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer, 17, 729.
Transarterial chemoembolization was performed according to our institutional standard protocol and has been previously reported [26 (link), 27 (link)]. In short, tumor staining, and tumor feeding arteries were determined by angiographies, then, a 2.6-Fr microcatheter (Terumo, Japan) was inserted into the tumor donor arteries as superselectively as possible. First, an emulsion of 2–20 mL iodized oil (Lipiodol Ultra-Fluid; Laboratoire Andre Guerbet, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France) and 20–60 mg adriamycin was administered into the target vessels. Then it was embossed with gelatin sponge particles (300–700 um, Cook, Bloomington, Indiana, USA).
Ren Y., Cao Y., Ma H., Kan X., Zhou C., Liu J., Shi Q., Feng G., Xiong B, & Zheng C. (2019). Improved clinical outcome using transarterial chemoembolization combined with radiofrequency ablation for patients in Barcelona clinic liver cancer stage A or B hepatocellular carcinoma regardless of tumor size: results of a single-center retrospective case control study. BMC Cancer, 19, 983.
Cytotoxicity assay was performed as previously described using sulforhodamine B (SRB) colorimetric [16 (link)] and clonogenic [17 (link)] assays. For SRB assay, cells were seeded in 96-well plate at 5000 cells/well and cultured for 24 hours followed by treatment with anticancer drugs such as Adriamycin, mitoxantrone, gemcitabine or γ-irradiation and cultured continuously for 3 days. The culture medium was then aspirated, and the cells were fixed and stained by addition of 0.4% (w/v) SRB (Sigma) in 1% acetic acid solution followed by incubation at room temperature for 20 minutes. Free SRB was removed by washing cells with 1% acetic acid 3 times. The bound SRB was then solubilized with 10 mM Tris-base, and the OD570 nm was determined using a 96-well plate reader (MRX, Dynex Technologies). For clonogenic assay, cells were seeded in 6-well plate at 100-200 cells/well and cultured for 24 hours followed by irradiation treatment. The cells were then cultured for two weeks before being subjected to fixation and staining with crystal violent (0.005% in 20% methanol) for 30 min. The colonies were counted manually. The radiation enhancement factor was calculated as the ratio of the mean inactivation dose of control cells divided by the mean inactivation dose of 14-3-3σ over-expression and knockdown cells as previously described [18 (link)]. A value greater or less than 1 indicates significant radio-sensitization or -resistance, respectively.
Li Z., Dong Z., Myer D., Yip-Schneider M., Liu J., Cui P., Schmidt C.M, & Zhang J.T. (2010). Role of 14-3-3σ in poor prognosis and in radiation and drug resistance of human pancreatic cancers. BMC Cancer, 10, 598.
The human cancer cell lines, HCT-15 (colon), NUGC-3 (stomach), NCI-H23 (lung), ACHN (renal), PC-3 (prostate) and MDA-MB-231 (breast), were purchased from American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA). They were then cultured in RPMI 1640 supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). Cell cultures were maintained at 37 °C under a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2. The growth inhibition assay against human cancer cell lines was performed in accordance with the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay [22 (link)]. In brief, 8,000 cells/well were seeded onto a 96-well plate. On the following, the cells were treated with compounds 1–9, vehicle control (0.1% DMSO) and positive control (adriamycin). After incubation for 48 h, the cultures were fixed with 50% trichloroactetic acid (50 μg/mL) and stained with 0.4% sulforhodamine B in 1% acetic acid. Unbound dye was removed by washing with 1% acetic acid, and protein-bound dye was extracted with 10 mM Tris base (pH 10.5) for optical density determination. Absorbance at 540 nm was determined using a VersaMax microplate reader from Molecular Devices (LLC, Sunnyvale, CA, USA). GI50 values were calculated using GraphPad Prism 4.0 software from GraphPad Software, Inc. (San Diego, CA, USA).
Choi B.K., Trinh P.T., Lee H.S., Choi B.W., Kang J.S., Ngoc N.T., Van T.T, & Shin H.J. (2019). New Ophiobolin Derivatives from the Marine Fungus Aspergillus flocculosus and Their Cytotoxicities against Cancer Cells. Marine Drugs, 17(6), 346.
Chemotherapy for the control arm (Figure 2) was based on the standard described in the previous largest RCT for osteosarcoma [8 (link)]. Pre-operative treatment comprised methotrexate 12 g/m2 (M), doxorubicin 75 mg/m2 (Adriamycin, A) and cisplatin 120 mg/m2 (P). Preferred schedules were 48-h infusion for doxorubicin and either 72-h infusion or two 4-h infusions on separate days for cisplatin. Methotrexate was given over 4 h and folinic acid rescue commenced at 24 h. Surgery was scheduled after two cycles of MAP, i.e., 10 weeks after starting chemotherapy.
EURAMOS-1 treatment schedule.
Eligible, consenting patients with good histological response were randomised to complete six cycles of MAP or MAP followed by maintenance pegylated interferon α-2b (Ifn; Merck) at 0.5–1.0 μg/kg/week to 24 months after starting chemotherapy. Eligible, consenting patients with poor histological response were randomised to continue standard chemotherapy with MAP or to MAP/IE over 28 weeks, a schedule designed to deliver the same total doses as post-operative MAP with additional ifosfamide and etoposide (IE), agents previously demonstrating activity in osteosarcoma [9 (link)]. Ifosfamide 3000 mg/m2 ×3 days, total dose 9 g/m2, was given with doxorubicin in cycles designated as Ai, and at 2800 mg/m2 ×5 days, total dose 14 g/m2, with etoposide 100 mg/m2 ×5 days, designated IE cycles. The protocol detailed dose modifications to account for toxicity for all treatments. Granulocyte growth factors were recommended but not mandated. Dexrazoxane could be used at investigators' discretion for reduced cardiac function remaining in the normal range; this applied throughout in North America but was withdrawn by the European Medicines Agency in 2011. Response assessment was required to determine suitability for surgery and to exclude progression (see supplementaryMaterial, available at Annals of Oncology online).
Whelan J.S., Bielack S.S., Marina N., Smeland S., Jovic G., Hook J.M., Krailo M., Anninga J., Butterfass-Bahloul T., Böhling T., Calaminus G., Capra M., Deffenbaugh C., Dhooge C., Eriksson M., Flanagan A.M., Gelderblom H., Goorin A., Gorlick R., Gosheger G., Grimer R.J., Hall K.S., Helmke K., Hogendoorn P.C., Jundt G., Kager L., Kuehne T., Lau C.C., Letson G.D., Meyer J., Meyers P.A., Morris C., Mottl H., Nadel H., Nagarajan R., Randall R.L., Schomberg P., Schwarz R., Teot L.A., Sydes M.R., Bernstein M., Pickering J., Joffe N., Kevric M., Sorg B., Villaluna D., Wang C., Perisoglou M., Trani L., Potratz J., Carrle D., Wilhelm M., Zils K, & Teske C. (2014). EURAMOS-1, an international randomised study for osteosarcoma: results from pre-randomisation treatment. Annals of Oncology, 26(2), 407-414.
A pediatric patient with Stage IV Wilms tumor is treated with dactinomycin, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide and vincristine for 65 weeks. Doses of the drugs are as follows: dactinomycin (15 mcg/kg/d [IV]), vincristine (1.5 mg/m 2 wk [IV)), Adriamycin (doxorubicin 20 mg/m2/d [IV]), and cyclophosphamide (10 mg/kg/d [IV]). Dactinomycin courses are given postoperatively and at 13, 26, 39, 52, and 65 weeks. Vincristine is given on days 1 and 8 of each Adriamycin course. Adriamycin is given for three daily doses at 6, 19, 32, 45, and 58 weeks. Cyclophosphamide is given for three daily doses during each Adriamycin and each dactinomycin course except the postoperative dactinomycin course. During each administration of dactinomycin and vincristine a dose of 0.2 cc/kg of DDFPe is administered while the patient breathes supplemental oxygen. *D'angio, Giulio J., et al. “Treatment of Wilms' tumor. Results of the third national Wilms' tumor study.” Cancer 64.2 (1989): 349-360.
US11857627B2. Fractionated radiotherapy and chemotherapy with an oxygen therapeutic (2024-01-02). NuvOx Pharma LLC [US]. Inventors: Evan C. Unger [US].
Male BALB/c OLA mice received adriamycin (11 mg/kg) intravenously via the tail vein on day 0. On day 8, mice were placed in metabolic cages and urine was collected over 16 hours. Urine samples were analyzed for albumin and creatinine using a Cobas c111 analyzer. All mice exhibited renal impairment by day 8 as determined by urine albumin: creatinine ratios (uACR). Mice were randomized into groups based on uACR. On day 10, mice received a single dose IV of either PBS (n=14) or fully murine fusion proteins C3d mAb-Crry (n=14; 50 mg/kg), C3d mAb-fH1-5 (n=13; 50 mg/kg), or non-targeted controls containing the fH1-5 or Crry proteins. Mice were placed again in metabolic cages to collect day 22 urine over 16 hr, and urine albumin and creatinine were determined (FIG. 35).
US11879008B2. Methods of treating complement mediated diseases with fusion protein constructs comprising anti-C3d antibody and a complement modulator (2024-01-23). Q32 Bio Inc. [US]. Inventors: Michael Steven Curtis [US], Michael Storek [US], Shelia Marie Violette [US], Susan L. Kalled [US], Kelly C. Fahnoe [US], Cheng Ran Huang [US], Ellen Garber Stark [US], Frederick Robbins Taylor [US], Justin Andrew Caravella [US], Vernon Michael Holers [US].
This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University and informed consent was obtained from all patients. Inclusion criteria: primary malignant tumor of bone near the knee joint; neoadjuvant chemotherapy is effective; the tumor did not invade the epiphyseal plate; the tumor did not invade important blood vessels and nerves; no infection. Exclusion criteria: pathological fracture; no limb preservation conditions; tumor invading epiphysis. There were 3 male and 2 female patients, the age range was from 8 to 14 years, with an average of 11.6 years. Distal femoral lesions were observed in 2 cases and proximal tibial lesions in 3 cases. All patients underwent X-ray, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and emission computed tomography examination, and a biopsy was performed after the examination. All cases were common osteosarcomas with no distant metastasis. According to the Enneking staging system, all cases were classified as stage IIB. The distance between the epiphyseal plate and the tumor was >1 cm in all cases. The magnetic resonance imaging image San Julian classification[5 (link)] was applied to classify the lesions. Type I lesions are defined as a distance from the edge of the tumor to the epiphyseal plate >2 cm; for Type II the distance from the edge of the tumor to the epiphyseal plate <2 cm or adjacent; for Type III the epiphyseal plate is partially in contact with the tumor or invaded epiphysis. All cases were classified as San Julian I or San Julian II and the epiphysis could be preserved. All the patients were treated with preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgery, and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. All lesions were sensitive to preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and no pathological fractures occurred during chemotherapy. The chemotherapy regimen consisted of cisplatin 100 mg/m2, adriamycin 80 mg/m2, methotrexate 12 g/m2, and ifosfamide 12 g/m2.
Dai Z., Sun Y., Maihemuti M, & Jiang R. (2023). Follow-up of biological reconstruction of epiphysis preserving osteosarcoma around the knee in children: A retrospective cohort study. Medicine, 102(10), e33237.
The stage of BC was determined by the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system AJCC (seventh edition) using the information on tumour size (T) and nodal status (N) and metastasis (M) [17 (link)]. Two observations were used in this regard: TNM staging at the time of diagnosis and the last follow-up to see if there was a progression of the disease. Tumour size was primarily ascertained by clinical examination of the oncologist. If that documentation was not available, the information was obtained from surgical pathology reports. Data on histological type and nuclear grading were also obtained from surgical pathology reports. Patients with non-metastatic BC were treated with eight cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of four cycles of AC (adriamycin + cyclophosphamide) and four cycles of taxol. Those with metastatic BC are treated with six cycles of AC. The current status of patients (alive or deceased) was confirmed by telephone. For those not available by telephone, the survival status was collected from the medical chart by checking whether the patient had a follow-up visit 3 months after the end date of the study period; if this was the case, the patient was considered alive.
Shita A., Yalew A.W., Seife E., Afework T., Tesfaw A., Gufue Z.H., Rabe F., Taylor L., Kantelhardt E.J, & Getachew S. (2023). Survival and predictors of breast cancer mortality in South Ethiopia: A retrospective cohort study. PLOS ONE, 18(3), e0282746.
Adriamycin is a laboratory reagent used in research applications. It is a cytotoxic anthracycline antibiotic that inhibits the growth and proliferation of cells. The core function of Adriamycin is to disrupt DNA and RNA synthesis, leading to cell death.
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Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is a cell culture supplement derived from the blood of bovine fetuses. FBS provides a source of proteins, growth factors, and other components that support the growth and maintenance of various cell types in in vitro cell culture applications.
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RPMI 1640 medium is a commonly used cell culture medium developed at Roswell Park Memorial Institute. It is a balanced salt solution that provides essential nutrients, vitamins, and amino acids to support the growth and maintenance of a variety of cell types in vitro.
Adriamycin is a type of laboratory equipment used in scientific research. It is a common antineoplastic agent, which means it is used to inhibit or prevent the growth of cancer cells. Adriamycin works by interfering with the replication of DNA, which is essential for cell division. It is often used in cancer research and drug development.
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DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium) is a cell culture medium formulated to support the growth and maintenance of a variety of cell types, including mammalian cells. It provides essential nutrients, amino acids, vitamins, and other components necessary for cell proliferation and survival in an in vitro environment.
Adriamycin is a laboratory product used for research purposes. It is a chemotherapeutic agent that inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis. The core function of Adriamycin is to serve as a tool for scientific investigation and experimentation, without making any claims about its intended use.
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Lipiodol is a radiopaque contrast agent used in diagnostic medical imaging procedures. It is a sterile, iodinated, ethyl ester of fatty acids derived from poppy seed oil. Lipiodol is used to improve the visibility of certain structures or organs during radiographic examinations.
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MTT is a colorimetric assay used to measure cell metabolic activity. It is a lab equipment product developed by Merck Group. MTT is a tetrazolium dye that is reduced by metabolically active cells, producing a colored formazan product that can be quantified spectrophotometrically.
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RPMI 1640 is a common cell culture medium used for the in vitro cultivation of a variety of cells, including human and animal cells. It provides a balanced salt solution and a source of essential nutrients and growth factors to support cell growth and proliferation.
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Penicillin is a type of antibiotic used in laboratory settings. It is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent effective against a variety of bacteria. Penicillin functions by disrupting the bacterial cell wall, leading to cell death.
Adriamycin (doxorubicin) is a potent chemotherapy drug, and its usage can present several challenges. One major challenge is the risk of cardiotoxicity, which can lead to heart damage and failure, particularly with higher cumulative doses. Careful monitoring of cardiac function is essential during Adriamycin treatment. Another challenge is the drug's severe side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, and myelosuppression (lowered blood cell counts), which require proactive management and supportive care. Adriamycin also has a high risk of extravasation, where the drug leaks outside of the vein, causing tissue damage, so proper administration techniques are crucial.
PubCompare.ai is a powerful AI-driven platform that can assist researchers in optimizing Adriamycin protocols. The platform allows you to screen protocol literature more efficiently by leveraging advanced search tools to locate reproducible, accurate protocols from a wide range of sources, including literature, preprints, and patents. PubCompare.ai's AI-driven analysis can also help researchers identify critical insights, such as key differences in protocol effectiveness, enabling them to choose the best option for their specific research goals and ensure reproducibility and accuracy. By comparing multiple Adriamycin protocols, researchers can identify the most effective approaches and products to use in their cancer research, experienicing the future of protocol optimization.
Yes, there are several variations and types of Adriamycin (doxorubicin). The most common form is the hydrochloride salt, which is the standard formulation used in clinical settings. However, there are also liposomal formulations of doxorubicin, such as Doxil® and Myocet®, which have altered pharmacokinetics and reduced cardiotoxicity compared to the traditional formulation. Additionally, researchers have developed various prodrug and conjugated forms of doxorubicin, like doxorubicin-containing nanoparticles or antibody-drug conjugates, to improve targeted delivery and reduce systemic toxicity. These different Adriamycin formulations can have unique properties and applications in cancer therapy, and PubCompare.ai can help researchers identify the most suitable options for their specific needs.
More about "Adriamycin"
Adriamycin, also known as doxorubicin, is a powerful chemotherapeutic agent used to treat a variety of cancers, including breast, lung, and ovarian cancer.
This anthracycline antibiotic works by interfering with the DNA and RNA synthesis of rapidly dividing cancer cells, leading to their death.
Researchers can optimize Adriamycin protocols using the PubCompare.ai platform, which leverages advanced AI-driven search tools to locate reproducible and accurate protocols from literature, preprints, and patents.
By comparing these protocols, researchers can identify the best products and approaches for their Adriamycin-based cancer research, experiencing the future of protocol optimization.
Adriamycin is often used in combination with other chemotherapeutic drugs, such as cyclophosphamide and 5-fluorouracil, in a regimen known as 'AC' or 'CAF' therapy.
It can be administered intravenously, either as a bolus injection or as a continuous infusion.
The dosage and schedule of Adriamycin administration can be critical, as the drug can have significant side effects, including cardiotoxicity, myelosuppression, and gastrointestinal toxicity.
Researchers studying the effects of Adriamycin may also utilize cell culture models, such as those using FBS (fetal bovine serum) and RPMI 1640 or DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium) as culture media.
These media provide the necessary nutrients and growth factors for cell proliferation.
Additionally, assays like the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay can be used to assess cell viability and the cytotoxic effects of Adriamycin.
In some cases, Adriamycin may be combined with other agents, such as Lipiodol, a contrast medium used in chemoembolization procedures for liver cancer.
The combination of Adriamycin and Lipiodol can enhance the delivery of the chemotherapeutic agent to the tumor site.
By utilizing the insights and tools provided by PubCompare.ai, researchers can streamline their Adriamycin-based cancer research, optimize their protocols, and acheive more reproducible and effective results.
Experienceing the future of protocol optimization with PubCompare.ai can be a game-changer for researchers working with this potent and widely used chemotherapeutic agent.
