Alexa fluor 488
It absorbs light at 488 nm and emits green fluorescence, making it a popular choice for fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, and other imaging applications.
Alexa Fluor 488 offers excellent photostability, brightness, and resistance to photobleaching, allowing for high-quality visualization of target analytes.
Researchers can leverage the power of PubCompare.ai to optimize their Alexa Fluor 488 protocols, accessing the best procedures and products from the literature, preprints, and patents, thereby enhancing reproducibility and accuracy in their experiments.
Most cited protocols related to «Alexa fluor 488»
Confocal imaging was performed using a Zeiss Axio Observer. Z1 microscope equipped with a Yokogawa spinning disk confocal head and a Cascade II: 512 camera. The confocal head contained a Quad-band notch dichroic mirror (405/488/568/647 nm). Samples were excited by solid state 491 nm (∼20 mW) or 561 nm (∼20 mW) lasers. Images were acquired using Slidebook 5.0 software (Intelligent Imaging Innovations), through a 48 × oil-immersion objective for YFP/AF488 (528/38 emission filter), AF568 (617/73 emission filter), and differential interference contrast (DIC) channels. Acquisition times ranged from 10 to 1000 milliseconds. Imaging conditions and intensity scales were matched for each dataset presented together unless otherwise noted.
Most recents protocols related to «Alexa fluor 488»
where 𝑦 &*#$%&'()$ were the unadjusted Alexa Fluor 647 intensities in the infected and ACV-treated data and 𝑥 were the Alexa Fluor 488 intensities in the infected and ACV-treated data.
To evaluate if the normalized Alexa Fluor 647 intensity distributions were lower in the uninfected versus infected cells within the same infected/ACV-treated sample, we calculated 1tailed Wilcoxon ranked sum tests (the P-values in the boxen plots).
Example 10
Preparation of 70 kD amino dextran AF488 scaffold: 10 mg of amino dextran (70,000 μMW, 20 amino groups; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Cat. No. D1862) was dissolved in 1.2 ml of dry DMSO containing 1.0 μl of DIEA. 0.9 mg of ALEXA FLUOR™ 488 succinimidyl ester lithium salt (643 MF; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Cat. No. A20000) was added to solution and the mixture was stirred for 3.5 hours at ambient temperature. The solution was diluted with 12 mL of ethyl acetate and the resulting suspension was centrifuged. The supernatant was discarded and the solid material was shaken with 10 mL of fresh ethyl acetate and centrifuged. This washing was repeated 3 more times with 10 mL of fresh ethyl acetate and the resulting precipitate was dried in vacuum. The solid was re-dissolved in 0.5 ml of water and solution put in 10 cm Spectra/Por Dialysis membrane (Spectrum Labs, MWCO 12-14,000 flat width 10 mm) clipped from both side. The dialysis membrane was slowly stirred in 1 L of water for 1 week. The water was replaced twice per day. The dialysis membrane was open from one end and solution was lyophilized to give amino dextran ALEXA FLUOR™ scaffold. The measured DOL is 9.7 and relative QY is 0.6 (referenced to QY of ALEXA FLUOR™ 488).
Attaching thiol linker to 70 kD amino dextran AF488 scaffold: Amino dextran AF488 scaffold (4.5 mg) was dissolved in 0.5 mL of DMSO containing 0.055 μL of N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIEA). Succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate (SPDP) (20 μg) was added to solution and the mixture was kept at ambient temperature overnight and then capped with acetic acid succimidyl ester (1.0 mg, 3 hrs). The solution was diluted with 10 mL of ethyl acetate. The resulting suspension was centrifuged and supernatant discarded. The solid was shaken with 10 mL of fresh ethyl acetate and centrifuged. The washing was repeated 5 more times. The resulting solid was dried in vacuum. The measured DOL is 0.74. This material was re-dissolved in 2 mL of water and 16 mg of DT was added to solution. The mixture was stirred for 5 min and loaded on G15 SEPHADEX™) column, the product was eluted with DE water as green fluorescent solution which was used for conjugation to SMCC modified streptavidin. The determined concentration was 48 μM (by dye adsorption).
Conjugation of amino dextran AF488 scaffold modified with thiol linker to SMCC modified streptavidin: SMCC modified streptavidin (35 μL solution in water) was treated with 1, 2, 3 and 4 equivalents of thiol modified amino dextran AF488 scaffold (48 μM solution in water). The reaction was carried out at ambient temperature for 3 hours and after that reaction mixture was kept overnight at 4° C. overnight. The conjugates are purified on P100 size exclusion column with 10 nM PBS buffer.
Results: As shown in Tables 26 and 27, conjugates made from the scaffold are brighter as compared to conjugates made from single AF488 dye. Also, QY of AF488 fluorophore drops from 0.70 to 0.34 for single dye conjugation in contrast to almost constant QY for labeling with the amino dextran scaffold.
Example 10
Preparation of 70 kD amino dextran AF488 scaffold: 10 mg of amino dextran (70,000 MW, 20 amino groups; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Cat. No. D1862) was dissolved in 1.2 ml of dry DMSO containing 1.0 μl of DIEA. 0.9 mg of A
Attaching thiol linker to 70 kD amino dextran AF488 scaffold: Amino dextran AF488 scaffold (4.5 mg) was dissolved in 0.5 mL of DMSO containing 0.055 μL of N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIEA). Succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate (SPDP) (20 μg) was added to solution and the mixture was kept at ambient temperature overnight and then capped with acetic acid succimidyl ester (1.0 mg, 3 hrs). The solution was diluted with 10 mL of ethyl acetate. The resulting suspension was centrifuged and supernatant discarded. The solid was shaken with 10 mL of fresh ethyl acetate and centrifuged. The washing was repeated 5 more times. The resulting solid was dried in vacuum. The measured DOL is 0.74. This material was re-dissolved in 2 mL of water and 16 mg of DTT was added to solution. The mixture was stirred for 5 min and loaded on G15 SEPHADEX® column, the product was eluted with DE water as green fluorescent solution which was used for conjugation to SMCC modified streptavidin. The determined concentration was 48 μM (by dye adsorption).
Conjugation of amino dextran AF488 scaffold modified with thiol linker to SMCC modified streptavidin: SMCC modified streptavidin (35 μL solution in water) was treated with 1, 2, 3 and 4 equivalents of thiol modified amino dextran AF488 scaffold (48 μM solution in water). The reaction was carried out at ambient temperature for 3 hours and after that reaction mixture was kept overnight at 4° C. overnight. The conjugates are purified on P100 size exclusion column with 10 nM PBS buffer.
Results: As shown in Tables 26 and 27, conjugates made from the scaffold are brighter as compared to conjugates made from single AF488 dye. Also, QY of AF488 fluorophore drops from 0.70 to 0.34 for single dye conjugation in contrast to almost constant QY for labeling with the amino dextran scaffold.
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More about "Alexa fluor 488"
This green-fluorescent dye is commonly employed in various applications, such as fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, and imaging studies, allowing for high-quality visualization of target biomolecules.
One of the key advantages of Alexa Fluor 488 is its ability to absorb light at 488 nm and emit a vibrant green fluorescence, making it a popular choice among researchers.
This property aligns well with the excitation and emission spectra of commonly used lasers and filter sets, ensuring efficient and reliable detection.
Alongside Alexa Fluor 488, other fluorescent dyes like DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) and Alexa Fluor 594 are also widely utilized in biomedical research.
DAPI is a blue-fluorescent dye that binds to DNA, while Alexa Fluor 594 is a red-fluorescent dye with different excitation and emission characteristics.
The combination of these fluorescent probes allows for multiplexed labeling and simultaneous detection of various cellular structures or biomolecules.
To enhance the performance of Alexa Fluor 488-based experiments, researchers can leverage detergents like Triton X-100 to facilitate permeabilization and improve antibody or probe accessibility.
Additionally, blocking agents such as Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) can be used to minimize non-specific binding and improve signal-to-noise ratios.
Fluorescent-conjugated secondary antibodies, such as Alexa Fluor 488 goat anti-rabbit IgG and Alexa Fluor 488 goat anti-mouse IgG, can be employed to amplify the fluorescent signal and enable the detection of target proteins or other biomolecules.
To optimize Alexa Fluor 488 protocols and enhance the reproducibility and accuracy of their experiments, researchers can utilize the power of PubCompare.ai.
This AI-driven platform helps researchers access the best procedures and products from the literature, preprints, and patents, ensuring they have the most up-to-date and effective methods at their fingertips.
By incorporating these insights and leveraging the versatility of Alexa Fluor 488, researchers can unlock new possibilities in their biomedical investigations, from cellular imaging to flow cytometry and beyond.
PubCompare.ai can be a valuable tool in this endeavor, guiding researchers towards the most efficient and reliable Alexa Fluor 488 protocols and contributing to the advancement of their research.