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Bupivacaine

Q: What are the different variations or types of Bupivacaine?

Bupivacaine is available in several different formulations and concentrations, including standard, extended-release, and liposomal versions. These variations can provide different durations of action and release profiles, allowing healthcare professionals to tailor the Bupivacaine administration to the specific needs of the patient and procedure.

Most cited protocols related to «Bupivacaine»

Surgical Preparation for In Vivo Voltammetry

Cited 21 times

All animal procedures presented in this paper followed the University of Washington Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee guidelines. Surgical preparation for in vivo voltammetry used aseptic technique. Male rats weighing between 300g and 350g (Charles River, CA) were anesthetized with isoflurane and placed in a stereotaxic frame. The scalp was swabbed with 10% povidone iodine, bathed with a mixture of lidocaine (0.5 mg/kg) and bupivicaine (0.5 mg/kg), and incised to expose the cranium. Holes were drilled and cleared of dura mater above the nucleus accumbens core (1.3-mm lateral and 1.3-mm rostral from bregma), the dorsolateral striatum (4.3-mm lateral and 1.2-mm rostral from bregma), and/or the nucleus accumbens shell (0.8-mm lateral and 1.2-mm rostral from bregma) for microsensors, above the midbrain (1.0-mm lateral and 5.2-mm caudal from bregma) for a stimulating electrode in some animals, and at convenient locations for a reference electrode and three anchor screws. The reference electrode and anchor screws were positioned and secured with cranioplastic cement, leaving the stimulating electrode and working electrode holes exposed. The microsensors were then attached to the voltammetric amplifier and lowered into the target recording regions (7.0-mm ventral of dura mater for nucleus accumbens, 4.0-mm ventral of dura mater for dorsolateral striatum). For animals in which a stimulating electrode was implanted, the voltammetric waveform was applied at 10 Hz and dopamine monitored. Next, the stimulating electrode (Plastics One, VA) was lowered 7.0 mm below dura mater and electrical stimulation (60 biphasic pulses, 60 Hz, ±120 µA, 2 ms/phase) was applied via an optically isolated, constant-current stimulator (A-M Systems, WA). If an evoked change in dopamine concentration was not observed at the working electrode, the stimulating electrode was positioned 0.2 mm more ventral. This was repeated until dopamine efflux was detected following stimulation. It was then lowered further in 0.1-mm increments until dopamine release was maximal. This is usually when the stimulating electrode is 8.4-mm ventral from dura mater. Finally, cranioplastic cement was applied to the part of the cranium that is still exposed to secure the stimulating electrode and microsensor(s).

Clark J.J., Sandberg S.G., Wanat M.J., Gan J.O., Horne E.A., Hart A.S., Akers C.A., Parker J.G., Willuhn I., Martinez V., Evans S.B., Stella N, & Phillips P.E. (2009). Chronic microsensors for longitudinal, subsecond dopamine detection in behaving animals. Nature methods, 7(2), 126-129.

Publication 2009

Animals Asepsis Bupivacaine Cranium Dental Cements Dopamine Dura Mater Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees Isoflurane Lidocaine Males Mesencephalon Neostriatum Nucleus Accumbens Operative Surgical Procedures Povidone Iodine Pulses Rattus Reading Frames Rivers Scalp Stimulations, Electric

Optogenetic Seizure Control in Mice

Cited 14 times

All procedures were approved by the UC Irvine Animal Care and Use Committee. Surgical procedures were performed stereotaxically under isofluorane anaesthesia and local nerve block induced by 0.5% bupivacaine. Kainic acid (50–100 nl, 20 mM in saline, Tocris Bioscience) was injected into the left dorsal hippocampus (2.0 mm posterior, 1.25 mm left, and 1.6 mm ventral to bregma) of mice on or after postnatal day 46. After recovery, animals were returned to the vivarium for at least 2 weeks to allow for the emergence of spontaneous recurrent seizures. Bipolar depth electrodes (PlasticsOne) and optical fibres (0.37NA, Low OH, 200 μm diameter, ThorLabs) terminated in 1.25 mm ceramic ferrules (Kientec Systems, Inc.) were implanted ipsilaterally (posterior 2.5 mm, left 1.75 mm, ventral 1.25 mm with respect to bregma) and in some cases, also contralaterally at the same posteroventral position into the hippocampus, targeting the dorsal stratum oriens of the CA1 such that emitted light would illuminate the hippocampal formation. Optical fibres and electrodes were fixed to the skull using screws (McMaster-Carr) and dental cement (Teets Cold Curing) and the animals were allowed to recover for several days before beginning 24-h video and EEG monitoring for seizures and subsequent closed-loop seizure detection and light delivery. On average, animals were implanted 15±2.3 weeks after KA injection and the effect of light on seizures was examined 15.9±1.4 weeks after KA injection (range: 2.4–24.6 weeks). There was no correlation between seizure duration reduction and time since KA for either Cam-HR or PV-ChR2 mice (P=0.39 and P=0.83, respectively, Spearman test; see also Supplementary Fig. S3).

Krook-Magnuson E., Armstrong C., Oijala M, & Soltesz I. (2013). On-demand optogenetic control of spontaneous seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy. Nature Communications, 4, 1376-.

Publication 2013

Anesthesia Animals Bupivacaine Common Cold Cranium Dental Cements Enzyme Multiplied Immunoassay Technique Hippocampal Formation Kainic Acid Light Mice, House Nerve Block Obstetric Delivery Operative Surgical Procedures Saline Solution Seahorses Seizures

Chronic Wound Infection Model in Mice

Cited 11 times

As previously described [19] (link), [20] (link), the chronically-wounded mouse model was used to examine P. aeruginosa and polymicrobial infections. Mice were anesthetized using 0.02 mL per gram weight of Nembutal stock (5 mg/mL) and shaved to expose their back. Nair® was applied to the backs of the mice for 5 minutes to remove any remaining hair. As a preemptive analgesic, 0.05 mL of lidocaine (500 µL of bupivacaine [0.25%] with 500 µL of lidocaine [2%]) was injected subcutaneously in the area to be wounded. A 1.5×1.5 cm patch of skin was then excised in a circular pattern creating a full thickness wound. The wounds were covered with a transparent, semipermeable polyurethane dressing (OPSITE, Smith and Nephew) which allowed for daily inspection of the wound, wound size determination, topical application of bacteria onto the wound, and protection from other contaminating bacteria. For monospecies infections, 10⁴ CFU of P. aeruginosa was injected under the OPSITE dressing and onto the wound. For polymicrobial infections, pre-formed biofilms were washed twice with sterile phosphate buffered saline (PBS), cut into equal pieces, weighed and transplanted onto the top of the wound before OPSITE application. This study was carried out in strict accordance with the recommendations in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the National Institutes of Health. The protocol was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center (Protocol Number: 07044).

Dalton T., Dowd S.E., Wolcott R.D., Sun Y., Watters C., Griswold J.A, & Rumbaugh K.P. (2011). An In Vivo Polymicrobial Biofilm Wound Infection Model to Study Interspecies Interactions. PLoS ONE, 6(11), e27317.

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Publication 2011

Analgesics Animals, Laboratory Bacteria Biofilms Bupivacaine Coinfection Hair Infection Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees Lidocaine Mus Nembutal Opsiture Phosphates Polyurethanes Pseudomonas aeruginosa Saline Solution Sterility, Reproductive Transdermal Patch Wounds

Pelvic Pain Syndromes: Comparative Study

Cited 8 times

ICEPAC plans to enroll 228 women aged 18–80 years: 76 IC/BPS subjects, 76 MPP subjects, 38 family member subjects (female siblings/parents/children of IC/BPS patients), and 38 healthy controls. The MPP group was selected to determine if findings are specific to IC/BPS or occur with other pelvic pain syndromes. IC/BPS was defined by at least 6 months of urgency, frequency, and bladder pain clearly linked to bladder filling and emptying. Specialist evaluation excluded other competing diagnoses. MPP was defined by at least 3 months of chronic pelvic pain unrelated to bladder state and a minimum of two of five pelvic floor tender points scoring >4/10 on a numeric rating scale (NRS) when examined applying 2 kg pressure with the index finger. The differing pain durations for subjects to be classified as IC/BPS or MPP, though not optimally comparable, are required for two reasons: 1) these durations reflect the current definitions found in the literature, and 2) subjects with MPP often become diagnosed and treated, effectively reducing pain burden, before 6 months have elapsed leading to recruitment difficulties if MPP inclusion requires 6 months of recent pain. Family members of IC/BPS subjects are excluded if they have any history of IC/BPS, MPP, or chronic pelvic pain as they would then be indistinguishable from subjects with pelvic pain. Healthy controls must have no history, symptoms or signs of fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, IC/BPS, MPP, chronic pelvic pain, migraine headache, or any other putative IC/BPS comorbid disorders and be age matched to within ±3 years of an IC/BPS subject.
General exclusion criteria include: attempted, recent, or existing pregnancy, recurrent urinary tract infections in the last 12 months, pelvic or bladder neoplasm, major organ impairment, uncontrolled illness or unstable medical disorder, central or peripheral nervous system disorder associated with its own confounding autonomic and neurologic findings, drug/medical device or noninvasive treatment initiation (eg, bladder instillation, pelvic floor therapy) within 30 days, major surgical intervention (eg, cystoplasty, sacral neuromodulation therapy) within 120 days, use of hormones (except insulin, thyroid replacement, or oral contraceptives), opioid medications or allergy to bupivacaine, inability to stop all autonomic and gastrointestinal motility modifying agents prior to testing, any condition impairing ability to consent and comply with study procedures, or math/speech/needle phobia. All subjects sign an informed consent prior to undergoing any study procedures in accordance with the Institutional Review Board of University Hospitals Case Medical Center in Cleveland, OH, USA.

Chelimsky T., Chelimsky G., McCabe N.P., Louttit M., Hijaz A., Mahajan S., Sanses T., Buffington C.T., Fenton B., Janicki T., Ialacci S., Veizi E., Zhang D., Daneshgari F., Elston R, & Janata J. (2014). Interstitial Cystitis – Elucidation of Psychophysiologic and Autonomic Characteristics (the ICEPAC Study): design and methods. Journal of Pain Research, 7, 243-253.

Publication 2014

Bladder Neoplasm Bupivacaine Child Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Chronic Pain Contraceptives, Oral Ethics Committees, Research Family Member Fibromyalgia Fingers Gastrointestinal Agents Hormones Hypersensitivity Infantile Neuroaxonal Dystrophy Instillation, Bladder Insulin Medical Devices Migraine Disorders Motility, Cell Needles Nervous System, Autonomic Operative Surgical Procedures Opioids Pain Pain Disorder Parent Patients Pelvic Diaphragm Pelvic Pain Pelvis Peripheral Nervous System Pharmaceutical Preparations Phobias Pregnancy Pressure Sacrum Sibling Speech Syndrome Therapeutics Thyroid Gland Urinary Bladder Urinary Tract Woman

Carotid Artery Exposure in Mice

Cited 7 times

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Publication 2017

Anesthesia Anesthetics Animals Arteries Bupivacaine Carotid Arteries Cell Respiration Common Carotid Artery Desflurane Isoflurane Mice, House Murine Plus Neck Operative Surgical Procedures Oxygen Saturation Pneumogastric Nerve Pulse Rate Rate, Heart Rectum Sevoflurane Sterility, Reproductive Subcutaneous Injections Sutures Tissues Trachea Vaporizers Wounds

Most recents protocols related to «Bupivacaine»

Multimodal Perioperative Protocol for Shoulder Surgery

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Publication 2023

Acetaminophen Anesthesia Anesthesia, Conduction Anesthesiologist Antibiotics, Antitubercular Aprepitant Aspirin Bupivacaine Cefazolin Cephalexin Chemoprevention Chlorhexidine chlorhexidine gluconate Clindamycin Deep Vein Thrombosis Dexamethasone Ethanol Famotidine Fentanyl Gabapentin Hypersensitivity Ibuprofen Isopropyl Alcohol Management, Pain Medical Devices Meloxicam Nerve Block Ondansetron Operative Surgical Procedures Oxycodone Pain, Postoperative Patients Penicillins Percocet Postoperative Nausea Powder Ropivacaine Scopolamine Skin Surgery, Day Therapeutics Thigh Treatment Protocols Ultrasonics Vancomycin Wounds

Intracerebroventricular and Intraperitoneal Delivery of Antisense Oligonucleotides in Mice

Mice were housed in a pathogen-free barrier facility with a 12-h light/12-h dark cycle and provided food and water ad libitum. Grn^R493X knock-in mice [17 (link)] and Upf3b knockout mice [26 (link)] were on the C57BL/6J background and were genotyped by real-time PCR (Transnetyx). For intracerebroventricular (ICV) ASO delivery, 200–500 μg ASO was administered by bolus injection into the right lateral ventricle of mice anesthetized with isoflurane, as previously described [27 (link)]. After 2–3 weeks, mice were sacrificed and brain tissues were collected for RNA and protein analyses, as described below. For immunofluorescence, mice were transcardially perfused with PBS followed by 4% paraformaldehyde. For intraperitoneal (IP) ASO delivery, 50 mg/kg of ASO was administered every other day for a total of 4 injections. One day after the final injection, mice were sacrificed and tissues were collected for qPCR analysis.
Animal procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Saint Louis University (protocol #2764) and followed NIH guidelines. For ICV administration, mice were anesthetized with isoflurane and also provided bupivacaine and buprenorphine. For perfusion, mice were anesthetized with a ketamine/xylazine cocktail followed by transcardial perfusion. For tissue collection, mice were anesthetized with ketamine/xylazine cocktail followed by rapid decapitation.

Smith D.M., Niehoff M.L., Ling K., Jafar-Nejad P., Rigo F., Farr S.A., Wilkinson M.F, & Nguyen A.D. (2023). Targeting nonsense-mediated RNA decay does not increase progranulin levels in the Grn R493X mouse model of frontotemporal dementia. PLOS ONE, 18(3), e0282822.

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Publication 2023

Animals Brain Bupivacaine Buprenorphine Decapitation Food Immunofluorescence Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees Isoflurane Ketamine Mice, House Mice, Knockout Obstetric Delivery paraform Pathogenicity Perfusion Proteins Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Tissues Ventricle, Lateral Xylazine

Standardized Anesthesia and Multimodal Analgesia Protocols

In Yuan et al study,^{[29 (link)]} patients received standardized general anesthesia and basic analgesic protocol. Intraoperatively, all patients received general anesthesia which was induced by sufentanil 0.5 μg/kg, midazolam 0.04 mg/kg, propofol 1 to 2 mg/kg, and Cisatracurium 2 μg/kg intravenously, followed by continuous intravenous infusion of remifentanil 0.1 to 0.3 μg/(kg·min), propofol 2 to 5 mg/(kg·hr) and inhalation of sevoflurane to maintain anesthesia. Since postoperative day 1, the protocol of oral celecoxib restarted till postoperative 3 weeks when the patients came back to the hospital for taking out the stitches. In Yadeau et al 2016 study,^{[6 (link)]} patients received a standardized anesthetic and multimodal analgesic protocol. In Yadeau et al 2022 study,^{[28 (link)]} patients received a standard intraoperative and postoperative multimodal anesthetic protocol: a spinal-epidural (subarachnoid mepivacaine, 45–60 mg); adductor canal block (ultrasound-guided; 15 cc bupivacaine, 0.25%, with 2 mg preservative-free dexamethasone). For postoperative pain management, patients were scheduled to receive the study medication once daily for 14 days; 4 doses of 1000 mg IV acetaminophen every 6 hours followed by 1000 mg oral acetaminophen every 8 hours; 4 doses of 15 mg IV ketorolac followed by 15 mg meloxicam every 24 hours; and 5 to 10 mg oral oxycodone was given as needed for pain. Patients could have pain medications adjusted as indicated. In Koh et al study,^{[12 (link)]} all patients had a postoperative intravenous patient-controlled anesthesia (PCA) pump that administered 1 mL of a 100-mL mixture containing 2000 mg of fentanyl on demand. In Kim et al study,^{[27 ]} all patients received intravenous PCA encompassing delivery of 1 mL of a 100 mL solution containing 2000 µg of fentanyl postoperatively. In Ho et al study,^{[26 (link)]} patients were routinely offered a single shot spinal anesthesia consisting of an intrathecal dose of bupivacaine 10 to 12.5 mg with fentanyl 10 mg. After surgery, pain treatment consisted of PCA with intravenous injection of morphine. The settings were 1 mg bolus, 5 minutes lockout time, and a maximum hourly limit of 8 mg. All patients were also given acetaminophen 1 g 6 hourly.

Zhang L.K., Li Q., Fang Y.F, & Qi J.W. (2023). Effect of duloxetine on pain relief after total knee arthroplasty: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Medicine, 102(10), e33101.

Publication 2023

Acetaminophen Analgesics Anesthesia Anesthesia, Intravenous Anesthetics Bupivacaine Cardiac Arrest Celecoxib cisatracurium Dexamethasone Fentanyl General Anesthesia Inhalation Intravenous Infusion Ketorolac Management, Pain Meloxicam Mepivacaine Midazolam Morphine Multimodal Imaging Obstetric Delivery Operative Surgical Procedures Oxycodone Pain Pain, Postoperative Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Pharmaceutical Preservatives Propofol Pulp Canals Remifentanil Sevoflurane Spinal Anesthesia Subarachnoid Space Sufentanil Ultrasonography

Spinal and Femoral Catheter Implantation for Controlled Drug Delivery

All rats received enrofloxacin (5 mg/kg), carprofen (5 mg/kg) and morphine (2.5 mg/kg) subcutaneously pre-operatively. To broaden generalizability, both a spinal and long bone (femur) application were performed. For spinal applications, rats were placed prone on a prewarmed surgery table under general anesthesia [17 (link)]. The iliac crest and spinous processes were identified and a midline incision was performed 1 cm cranially from the iliac crest. The paraspinal musculature was dissected laterally to expose the transverse processes of L4–5. A 0.8 mm hole was drilled in the transverse process and a stainless-steel screw (1*5 mm), attached via a poly(ε-caprolactone) connecting piece to a polyurethane (PU) catheter (internal diameter 0.6 mm, UNO, Zevenaar, Netherlands) was inserted, so that the catheter opening faced the bone surface (Fig. 1). Sterile saline solution was dripped next to the hole during drilling for cooling. The dead volume of catheters was pre-filled with the appropriate bupivacaine solution to ensure infusion of precise volumes. The catheter was tunneled subcutaneously towards an exit-point between the shoulders and fixed to the skin with a suture. Bupivacaine infusion was initiated after confirmed absence of motor deficits (i.e., following observed movement of tail and paws).Fig. 1

Schematic representation of experimental setup. Screws with a catheter attached were implanted in either the spine or femur. Catheters were then tunneled subcutaneously (dotted line) and exited between the shoulders. A pump was connected to the catheter to allow controlled infusion of bupivacaine solutions. Representative MicroCT images for the two surgical locations are shown

For femoral applications, rats were positioned laterally on the surgery table [18 ]. A longitudinal incision was performed lateral to the femur. The vastus lateralis muscle was separated from the femur by blunt dissection. A 0.8 mm hole was drilled in the femoral shaft and a stainless-steel screw attached to a catheter was inserted. The catheter was tunneled as in the spinal application.

Steverink J.G., van Tol F.R., Bruins S., Smorenburg A.J., Tryfonidou M.A., Oosterman B.J., van Dijk M.R., Malda J, & Verlaan J.J. (2023). Lack of concentration-dependent local toxicity of highly concentrated (5%) versus conventional 0.5% bupivacaine following musculoskeletal surgery in a rat model. Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics, 10, 21.

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Publication 2023

Bones Bupivacaine caprolactone carprofen Catheters Dissection Enrofloxacin Femur General Anesthesia Iliac Crest Morphine Movement Muscle Tissue Operating Tables Operative Surgical Procedures Paraspinal Muscles Poly A Polyurethanes Rattus Saline Solution Shoulder Skin Spinous Processes Stainless Steel Sterility, Reproductive Sutures Tail Transverse Processes Vastus Lateralis Vertebral Column X-Ray Microtomography

Bupivacaine Pharmacokinetics in Wistar Rats

National Animal Experiments Ethical Committee approval (AVD1150020197225) was obtained before the experiments. Study design and results were reported according to the ARRIVE guideline. Male Wistar rats (Envigo, HsdCpb:WU, 8 weeks old and weighing 250 g upon arrival) were used because of their extensive use in toxicology studies and bupivacaine pharmacokinetics comparable with humans [15 (link), 16 (link)]. Upon arrival, rats were randomly picked from the box upon delivery to receive an ear-marking or not. A predefined schedule was in place to dictate the cage number and ear-marking of a rat, based on the sequence of picking. In each cage, a rat without ear-mark (blank) and a rat with a left ear-mark (left) were placed. The cages were numbered, resulting in animal codes in the format [cage number]-[blank OR left]. Using an online random sequence generator (www.randomizer.org), animal codes were matched to a treatment (consisting of administration method, administration location and bupivacaine concentration, e.g., D25S: Dosedump – 25 mg/mL - Spine). Rats were housed in pairs in standard cages with cage enrichment, a 12-hour light/dark cycle and air conditioning at 23 ± 2 °C with 60% humidity. Cages were cleaned at weekly intervals. Standard rodent chow and water were provided ad libitum. Animals were allowed 1 week of acclimatization prior to surgery, with daily handling by the researchers to reduce handling-related stress during experimental procedures. Pre-operative weights were recorded. Following surgery, animals were housed in solitary cages for 72 hours to avoid conflicts between animals, damage to the catheter and wound healing problems. After 72 hours, the catheter was cut at skin level to allow subcutaneous retraction of the catheter and healing of the skin. After the catheter was cut, the rats were housed in pairs again. Each individual rat served as experimental unit.

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Publication 2023

Acclimatization Animals Base Sequence Bupivacaine Catheters Drug Kinetics Homo sapiens Humidity Males Obstetric Delivery Operative Surgical Procedures Rats, Wistar Rodent Skin Vertebral Column

Top products related to «Bupivacaine»

Bupivacaine by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Sweden

Bupivacaine is a local anesthetic used in medical procedures. It is a long-acting amide-type local anesthetic that blocks the generation and conduction of nerve impulses. Bupivacaine is available in various formulations for different applications.

Bupivacaine by Pfizer

Sourced in Australia

Bupivacaine is a local anesthetic medication used to numb specific areas of the body. It is a long-acting drug that can provide pain relief for several hours. Bupivacaine works by blocking the transmission of pain signals from the site of injury or surgery to the brain.

Lidocaine by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Canada, China

Lidocaine is a local anesthetic and antiarrhythmic drug used in the medical field. It is a synthetic compound that works by blocking sodium channels in the body, effectively numbing or anesthetizing the affected area. Lidocaine is commonly used to reduce pain and discomfort during various medical procedures.

Bupivacaine by AstraZeneca

Sourced in Austria, United Kingdom, Japan

Bupivacaine is a local anesthetic drug used to produce loss of sensation in a specific area of the body. It is commonly used in surgical procedures, pain management, and other medical applications to numb the affected area and reduce pain. The product provides a reliable and effective solution for healthcare professionals in their clinical practice.

Marcaine by AstraZeneca

Sourced in United Kingdom, Sweden

Marcaine is a local anesthetic medication used to temporarily block pain signals from a specific area of the body. It is typically administered by injection to numb a targeted region during medical procedures or to provide pain relief.

Perma hand silk by Johnson & Johnson

Perma-Hand Silk is a specialized laboratory equipment designed for handling delicate materials. It features a lightweight, flexible design that allows for precise and controlled manipulation of fragile samples or substances.

641g perma hand silk by Johnson & Johnson

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Flunixin meglumine by Phoenix Pharmaceuticals

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Flunixin meglumine is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used in veterinary medicine. It is an injectable formulation that serves as an analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic agent.

Tcat 2lv by Physitemp

Sourced in United States

The TCAT-2LV is a temperature control and monitoring device designed for laboratory applications. It provides precise temperature control and monitoring functionality for various experimental and research purposes. The device's core function is to accurately maintain and monitor temperature within a defined range.

Stereotaxic frame by Kopf Instruments

Sourced in United States, Germany, Italy

The Stereotaxic frame is a laboratory instrument used to immobilize and position the head of a subject, typically an animal, during surgical or experimental procedures. It provides a secure and reproducible method for aligning the subject's head in a three-dimensional coordinate system to enable precise targeting of specific brain regions.

What are the common uses and applications of Bupivacaine?

Bupivacaine is a widely-used local anesthetic that is commonly employed for surgical anesthesia and pain relief. It is frequently administered as an epidural or regional block to provide analgesia during and after various medical procedures, such as C-sections, orthopedic surgeries, and chronic pain management. Bupivacaine works by blocking sodium channels in nerve cells, which prevents the propagation of pain signals.

What are the different variations or types of Bupivacaine?

What are some common usage challenges with Bupivacaine?

One of the main challenges with Bupivacaine is the potential for toxicity, especially with accidental intravascular injection or overdosage. Healthcare providers must carefully monitor dosage and administration to avoid serious adverse effects. Additionally, Bupivacaine can sometimes cause localized tissue irritation or numbness, which may require careful patient monitoring and management.

How can PubCompare.ai help with optimizing the use of Bupivacaine?

PubCompare.ai's AI-driven protocol comparison tool can be extremely helpful in optimizing the use of Buprivacaine. The platform allows you to effeiciently screen protocol literature, leveraging AI to pinpoint critical insights. This can help researchers identify the most effective protocols related to Bupivacaine for their specific research goals. The platform's analysis can highlight key differences in protocol effectiveness, enabling you to choose the best option for reproducibility and accuarcy, ultimately saving time compared to tedious manual searches.

More about "Bupivacaine"

Bupivacaine is a long-acting, amide-type local anesthetic commonly used for surgical anesthesia and pain relief.
It works by blocking sodium channels in nerve cells, preventing the propagation of pain signals.
This versatile medication is frequently administered as an epidural or regional block to provide analgesia during and after various medical procedures, including surgeries.
Researchers and clinicians can utilize PubCompare.ai's AI-driven protocol comparison tool to easily locate, compare, and optimize Bupivacaine-related research protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, improving reproducibility and accuracy.
This data-driven approach can help healthcare professionals make more informed decisions and enhance patient outcomes, while saving time compared to tedious manual searches.
Bupivacaine is also known by its brand names, such as Marcaine and Perma-Hand Silk.
It is often compared to other local anesthetics like Lidocaine, which has a shorter duration of action.
Flunixin meglumine, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is sometimes used in conjunction with Bupivacaine to provide additional pain relief.
In addition to its use in surgical procedures, Bupivacaine may also be used in the context of stereotaxic frames, such as the TCAT-2LV, which are employed in various medical and research applications.
By leveraging the power of PubCompare.ai's AI-driven tools, researchers and clinicians can streamline their Bupivacaine-related research, leading to more efficient and effective patient care.