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Butanols

Butanols are a class of organic compounds consisting of four carbon atoms and one hydroxyl group.
These versatile molecules have a wide range of applications in industry, pharmaceuticals, and research.
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Most cited protocols related to «Butanols»

1
Bioinformatic Workflow for Butyrate Pathway Discovery
Cited 20 times
Individual pathways shown in Fig. 1 are based on KEGG with modifications. Most importantly, the entire lysine pathway and certain steps in the 4-aminobutyrate pathway are not present in KEGG and were included based on references 22 (link) and 43 (link). KEGG additionally displays the conversion from butanol to butyrate, which was not included in this study. Furthermore, a possible route from acetoacetate via poly-β-hydroxybutyrate and crotonoyl-CoA to butyrate is suggested in KEGG. However, this pathway contains an unlikely reverse reaction of extracellular poly-β-hydroxybutyrate degradation enzymes that differ considerably from intracellular depolymerases (44 (link)), and this route was hence not considered. The stereospecific separation between R-hydroxybutyrate and S-hydroxybutyrate in the acetyl-CoA pathway was omitted, and the two routes were merged.
Screening of genomes was divided into two main parts, where the first was based on EC number searches (from KEGG) within the Integrated Microbial Genome (IMG) (http://img.jgi.doe.gov) database and the second part used HMM models (both approaches were applied on a protein level). A detailed schematic representation of the work flow and abundance of obtained candidates (and associated genes) at each step is given in Fig. S1 in the supplemental material. First, all genes matching individual EC numbers were obtained, and the data were queried for all candidates exhibiting all genes of a specific pathway. Since several model butyrate producers failed the query, we allowed for one missing gene in each pathway. Candidates were then subjected to synteny analysis (see Fig. S1 and Text S1 in the supplemental material). Since it was proposed that several different gene products are able to catalyze the final step in the acetyl-CoA pathway and their location is often apart from other genes in this pathway, we excluded the terminal enzymes here and treated them in separate analyses. After these first steps, we harvested genes from model butyrate producers and candidate strains displaying all genes of the individual pathway in close synteny (not considering terminal genes) and used the obtained sequences to construct HMM models to screen genomes again. After applying certain cutoffs based on HMM scores (for details, see Fig. S1 and Text S1), candidates were filtered for exhibiting entire pathways (allowing one missing gene), and terminal genes were treated in separate analyses (for details, see Fig. S1 and Text S1). Finally, candidates from both EC number and HMM searches were combined and subjected to additional filtering based on detailed gene analysis considering synteny and phylogenetic trees (for details, see Fig. S1 and Text S1). Protein sequences were aligned in the software program Clustal Omega (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/Tools/msa/clustalo), and neighbor-joining trees were constructed using the program MEGA (http://www.megasoftware.net). Taxonomy is displayed as provided by IMG with some modifications for the phylum Firmicutes based on RDP’s classifications.
Vital M., Howe A.C, & Tiedje J.M. (2014). Revealing the Bacterial Butyrate Synthesis Pathways by Analyzing (Meta)genomic Data. mBio, 5(2), e00889-14.
Publication 2014
acetoacetate Amino Acid Sequence Butanols Butyrate Catalysis Coenzyme A, Acetyl Enzymes Firmicutes Genes Genome Genome, Microbial Hydroxybutyrates Lysine Multiple Birth Offspring Poly A Protoplasm Staphylococcal Protein A Synteny Trees
2
Reverse Transcription with Gel Purification
Cited 11 times
RT was performed with gel purified RT primers 5′-pGG-B-AGATCGGAAGAGCGTCGTGTAGGGAAAGAGTGT-SP18-CTCGGCATTCCTGCTGAACCGCTCTTCCGATCT-CCTTGGCACCCGAGAATTCCA-3′, where B indicates a 5-nt barcode of sequence ATCAC, CGATG, TAGCT, GCTCC, ACAGT, CAGAT, TCCCG, GGCTA, AGTCA, CTTGT, TGAAT or GTAGA. RT products were detected by incorporating α-32P-dCTP in the reaction. RT products intended for circularization were gel purified. For the data in Figures 4 and 5, we eluted the cDNA from crushed gel pieces in 300 mM NaCl, 1 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) during an overnight incubation at room temperature with constant rotation; eluted material was ethanol precipitated before circularization. We have since modified our approach to increase elution yield by eluting in TE (10 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0, 1 mM EDTA pH 8.0) and incubating at 37°C overnight with constant rotation. With this buffer, we can concentrate the eluate (either by butanol extraction or SpeedVac) before precipitating the sample in a single tube.
Heyer E.E., Ozadam H., Ricci E.P., Cenik C, & Moore M.J. (2014). An optimized kit-free method for making strand-specific deep sequencing libraries from RNA fragments. Nucleic Acids Research, 43(1), e2.
Publication 2014
2'-deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate Buffers Butanols DNA, Complementary Edetic Acid Ethanol Oligonucleotide Primers Sodium Chloride Tromethamine
3
Preparation of Homogeneous HIV-1 RNA
Cited 7 times
The UTR:ΔDIS:A34U construct used in this work is derived from the first 356 nt of the HIV-1 NL4-3 isolate cloned into a pUC19 parent plasmid. Both the ΔDIS (replacement of the SL1 palindromic loop with a GAGA tetraloop) and A34U mutations prevent genomic dimerization and facilitate homogeneous RNA preparation (Skripkin et al. 1994 (link); Helga-Maria et al. 1999 (link); Andersen et al. 2004 (link)). The final construct size, with mutations is 352 nt. The transcription template was generated by digestion of pUC19-UTR:ΔDIS:A34U plasmid with FokI (New England Biolabs). RNAs were prepared via in vitro transcription with T7 RNA polymerase (Milligan et al. 1987 (link)) and purified using 8 M urea (denaturing) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Desired bands were excised, crushed, and soaked in RNA elution buffer (0.5 mM NH4OAc, 1 mM EDTA) overnight at 37°C. Eluted RNA was butanol extracted, ethanol precipitated, and resuspended in diethylpyrocarbonate (DEPC)-treated water. Purified RNA was folded in 50 mM HEPES (pH 7.4) buffer by heating at 80°C for 2 min, cooling to 60°C for 2 min, adding 1 M MgCl2 to a final concentration of 1 mM, incubating at 37°C for 30 min, and cooling on ice for 30 min. Different durations of the 37°C incubation step were tested for optimal sample homogeneity (data not shown).
Cantara W.A., Hatterschide J., Wu W, & Musier-Forsyth K. (2017). RiboCAT: a new capillary electrophoresis data analysis tool for nucleic acid probing. RNA, 23(2), 240-249.
Publication 2017
bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase Buffers Butanols Diethyl Pyrocarbonate Digestion Dimerization Edetic Acid Ethanol Genome HEPES HIV-1 Magnesium Chloride Mutation Parent Plasmids Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis Transcription, Genetic Urea
4
Quantifying Tobacco Alkaloids and Nitrosamines in Dust
Cited 7 times
Concentrations of tobacco alkaloids and tobacco-specific nitrosamines were determined using previously described analytical protocols7 (link), 8 (link), with a modified extraction procedure, described below and in the Supporting Information, Figure S1. Each dust sample was homogenized and fractionated using a mechanical shaker equipped with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain dust particles smaller than 150 μm. Fine dust samples were accurately weighed (66 ± 11 mg) into 16x125 mm culture tubes and to each sample was added 150 µL of aqueous internal standard solution (containing d4-nicotine, d4-NNN, d4-NNK, d3-NNA, d4-NAB, d4-NAT, d9-cotinine, d4-myosmine, d4-N-formylnornicotine, d8-nicotelline, and d4-2,3’-bipyridine; for details see Hang et al.8 (link)), 1.5 mL distilled water, and 0.5 mL of 1M sulfuric acid. The mixture was vortexted and 10 mL of 70:30 toluene:butanol was added. The tubes were then sonicated at 55°C for 1 hour with intermittent vortexing. The tubes were centrifuged, frozen in a dry ice-acetone bath and the toluene:butanol phase discarded. After the remaining aqueous phase was made basic with 1 mL of 45% potassium carbonate 5% tetrasodium EDTA, 10 mL of 45:45:10 dichloromethane:pentane:ethyl acetate was added. The samples were extracted using vortex mixing, centrifuged, and frozen again in a dry ice-acetone bath and the organic layer divided into two sets of 13x100 mm culture tubes for analysis by GC-MS (Agilent 6890N, for nicotine) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (Thermo Fisher Vantage LC-MS/MS, for all other analytes), as previously described.7 (link), 8 (link) Representative LC-MS/MS chromatograms are provided in the Supporting Information, Figures S2 and S3. Concentrations were calculated using the instrument data system software, aqueous standards spanning the measured concentration range, and calibration curves prepared from analyte/internal standard peak area ratios and analyte concentrations using linear regression with 1/X weighting. The precision of the analytical method was demonstrated using National Institute of Standards and Technology Standard Reference Material 2585 (Organic Contaminants in House Dust). Table S1 (Supporting Information) shows coefficients of variation for each analyte in nine analytical replicates of three extracts of the standard reference material ranging in sample mass from 31 to 110 mg.
Whitehead T.P., Havel C., Metayer C., Benowitz N.L, & Jacob P I.I.I. (2015). Tobacco Alkaloids and Tobacco-specific Nitrosamines in Dust from Homes of Smokeless Tobacco Users, Active Smokers, and Non-tobacco Users: Byline: TSNAs in Dust from Homes of Smokeless Tobacco Users. Chemical research in toxicology, 28(5), 1007-1014.
Publication 2015
Acetone Alkaloids Bath Butanols Carbonates Cotinine Dry Ice Edetic Acid, Potassium Salt ethyl acetate Freezing Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry House Dust Liquid Chromatography Methylene Chloride myosmine Nicotiana tabacum Nicotine Nitrosamines pentane Sulfuric Acids Tandem Mass Spectrometry Toluene
5
Isolation and Characterization of Recombinant SP-B and SP-A
Cited 6 times
Recombinant human SP-BN (MW, 8 KDa) was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) and purified over a Ni-NTA agarose column (Novagen) as previously described (5 (link)). Human surfactant protein A was isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of patients with alveolar proteinosis using a sequential butanol and octylglucoside extraction (8 (link)-10 (link)). The purity of SP-A and SP-BN was verified by 1-dimensional SDS-PAGE in 12% acrylamide under reducing conditions. In addition, human SP-A was characterized by intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy (8 (link)) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) (9 (link)). The oligomerization state of SP-A was assessed by electrophoresis under nondenaturing conditions (8 (link), 10 (link)), electron microscopy (8 (link)), and analytical ultracentrifugation as reported elsewhere (10 (link)). SP-A consisted of supratrimeric oligomers of at least 18 subunits (MW, 650 KDa). Biotinylated SP-A and SP-BN were prepared as previously described (9 (link)). The structure and functional activity of biotinylated proteins were similar to those of unlabeled SP-A and SP-BN. The endotoxin level of each protein was measured by the limulus amebocyte lysate endotoxin assay kit according to the manufacturer’s instructions (GenScript, USA). Endotoxin levels of the proteins were less than 0.15 EU/ml.
Coya J.M., Akinbi H.T., Sáenz A., Yang L., Weaver T.E, & Casals C. (2015). Natural anti-infective pulmonary proteins: In vivo cooperative action of surfactant protein SP-A and the lung antimicrobial peptide SP-BN. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 195(4), 1628-1636.
Publication 2015
Acrylamide Biological Assay Bronchoalveolar Lavage Butanols Electron Microscopy Electrophoresis endotoxin binding proteins Endotoxins Escherichia coli Fluorescence Spectroscopy Homo sapiens Limulus octyl glucoside Patients Proteins Protein Subunits Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A SDS-PAGE Sepharose Ultracentrifugation

Most recents protocols related to «Butanols»

1
Exploring Polymorphism in Compound 1 Di-Hydrochloric Acid Salt
Not available on PMC !

Example 11

This experiment was designed to search further for a more stable form than Form I. Saturated and nearly saturated solutions of Compound 1 Di-Hydrochloric Acid Salt Form I were prepared at 50° C. and cooled in a bath slowly by using a programmed circulating bath. To the clear solution (8-10 mL) was added about 20-30 mg Compound 1 Di-Hydrochloric Acid Salt Form I to give a slurry. The formed slurry was then heated to 50° C. over 2 hours and then cooled down to 5° C. over 2 hours. This process was repeated for 3 days and the solid was filtered for further analysis. The results are presented in Table 15. Heating and cooling of the salt in methanol resulted in the new Form IX. PGP-72 TI

TABLE 15
Crystallization of saturated solution of Compound 1 Di-Hydrochloric
Acid Salt Form I with heating and cooling recycles
SolventForm
N/A (Compound 1 Di-HydrochloricI
Acid Salt Form I)
DMFGluey solid
MethanolIX
2-MethoxyethanolI
n-ButanolIV
EtOHAmorphous + Form I
1-PropanolV
IPAAmorphous + Form I
WaterVI
10% water/acetoneI
 5% water/acetonitrileVII
10% water/acetonitrileVII

US11866451B2. Salts and crystalline forms of a PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor (2024-01-09). Incyte Corporation [US]. Inventors: Zhongjiang Jia [US], Shili Chen [US], Yi Li [US], Timothy Martin [US], Bo Shen [US], Naijing Su [US], Jiacheng Zhou [US], Qun Li [US].
Full text: Click here
Patent 2024
1-Propanol Acetone acetonitrile Bath Butanols CD44 protein, human compound 30 Crystallization Ethanol Hydrochloric acid Methanol Recycling Salts Sodium Chloride, Dietary Solvents
2
Functionalized Metallic Nanofiber Composition
Not available on PMC !

Example 12

    • A composition comprising:
    • about 0.01% to 3.0% of a plurality of functionalized metallic nanofibers, substantially all of the metallic nanofibers having at least a partial coating of a polyvinyl pyrrolidone polymer;
    • a first solvent comprising about 2.5% to 8% 1-butanol, ethanol, 1-pentanol, n-methylpyrrolidone, or 1-hexanol, or mixtures thereof;
    • a second solvent comprising about 0.01% to 5% of an acid or bases, including organic acids such as carboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, tricarboxylic acids, alkyl carboxylic acids, acetic acid, oxalic acid, mellitic acid, formic acid, chloroacetic acid, benzoic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, propanoic acid, butanoic acid, or bases such as ammonium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, or mixtures thereof;
    • a viscosity modifier, resin, or binder comprising about 1.0% to 4.5% PVP, polyvinyl alcohol, or a polyimide, or mixtures thereof; and
    • with the balance comprising a third solvent such as cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone, cyclopentanol, butyl lactone, or mixtures thereof.

US11866827B2. Metallic nanofiber ink, substantially transparent conductor, and fabrication method (2024-01-09). NthDegree Technologies Worldwide Inc. [US]. Inventors: Mark David Lowenthal [US], Mark Lewandowski [US], Jeffrey Baldridge [US], Lixin Zheng [US], David Michael Chesler [US].
Full text: Click here
Patent 2024
1-hexanol 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone Acetic Acid Acids Ammonium Hydroxide Benzoic Acid Butanols Butyric Acid Carboxylic Acids chloroacetic acid Cyclohexanol cyclohexanone cyclopentanol cyclopentanone Dicarboxylic Acids Ethanol formic acid Lactones mellitic acid Metals n-pentanol Oxalic Acids Polymers Polyvinyl Alcohol potassium hydroxide Povidone propionic acid Resins, Plant Sodium Hydroxide Solvents Tricarboxylic Acids Trifluoroacetic Acid Viscosity
3
Functionalized Metallic Nanofiber Composition
Not available on PMC !

Example 16

    • A composition comprising:
    • about 0.01% to 3.0% of a plurality of functionalized metallic nanofibers;
    • a first solvent comprising about 2.5% to 28% 1-butanol, ethanol, 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol, acetic acid, 2-propanol (isopropyl alcohol or IPA), 1-methoxy-2-propanol, diethylene glycol, or mixtures thereof;
    • a viscosity modifier, resin, or binder comprising about 0.05% to 5.0% cellulose resin such as hydroxy methylcellulose, methylcellulose, ethyl cellulose, propyl methylcellulose, methoxy cellulose, methoxy methylcellulose, methoxy propyl methylcellulose, hydroxy propyl methylcellulose, carboxy methylcellulose, hydroxy ethylcellulose, ethyl hydroxyl ethylcellulose, or mixtures thereof;
    • a second solvent comprising about 5% to 50% of n-propanol, 2-propanol, propylene glycol, or diethylene glycol, or mixtures thereof; and
    • with the balance comprising a third solvent such as 1-methoxy-2-propanol, cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone, cyclopentanol, butyl lactone, or mixtures thereof.

US11866827B2. Metallic nanofiber ink, substantially transparent conductor, and fabrication method (2024-01-09). NthDegree Technologies Worldwide Inc. [US]. Inventors: Mark David Lowenthal [US], Mark Lewandowski [US], Jeffrey Baldridge [US], Lixin Zheng [US], David Michael Chesler [US].
Full text: Click here
Patent 2024
1-hexanol 1-Propanol Acetic Acid Butanols Carboxymethylcellulose Cellulose Cyclohexanol cyclohexanone cyclopentanol cyclopentanone diethylene glycol Ethanol ethyl cellulose Hydroxyl Radical Hypromellose Isopropyl Alcohol Lactones Metals methoxyisopropanol Methylcellulose n-pentanol Propylene Glycol Resins, Plant Solvents Viscosity
4
Metallic Nanofiber Composition for Versatile Applications
Not available on PMC !

Example 20

    • A composition comprising:
    • about 0.01% to 3.0% of a plurality of functionalized metallic nanofibers, substantially all of the metallic nanofibers having at least a partial coating of a polyvinyl pyrrolidone polymer;
    • a first solvent comprising about 2.5% to 8% 1-butanol, ethanol, 1-pentanol, n-methylpyrrolidone, or 1-hexanol, or mixtures thereof;
    • a second solvent comprising about 0.01% to 5% of acetic acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, ammonium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, or potassium hydroxide, or mixtures thereof;
    • a viscosity modifier, resin, or binder comprising about 1.0% to 4.5% PVP, polyvinyl alcohol, or a polyimide, or mixtures thereof; and
    • with the balance comprising a third solvent such as cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone, cyclopentanol, butyl lactone, or mixtures thereof;
    • wherein the viscosity of the composition is substantially between about 200 cps to about 20,000 cps at 25° C.

US11866827B2. Metallic nanofiber ink, substantially transparent conductor, and fabrication method (2024-01-09). NthDegree Technologies Worldwide Inc. [US]. Inventors: Mark David Lowenthal [US], Mark Lewandowski [US], Jeffrey Baldridge [US], Lixin Zheng [US], David Michael Chesler [US].
Full text: Click here
Patent 2024
1-hexanol 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone Acetic Acid Ammonium Hydroxide Butanols Cyclohexanol cyclohexanone cyclopentanol cyclopentanone Ethanol Hydrochloric acid Hydrofluoric acid Lactones Metals n-pentanol Nitric acid Polymers Polyvinyl Alcohol potassium hydroxide Povidone Resins, Plant Sodium Hydroxide Solvents sulfuric acid Viscosity
5
Ultrastructural Analysis of Olfactory Organ
For Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), the olfactory organ was fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M PB (pH 7.4) and postfixed in 1% osmium tetroxide. The dehydrated specimens were dried with t-butyl alcohol using a freeze dryer, ES2030 (Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan). The specimens were coated with osmium and examined by SEM (JSM7001F; JEOL, Tokyo, Japan).
Nakamuta S., Yamamoto Y., Miyazaki M., Sakuma A., Nikaido M, & Nakamuta N. (2023). Type 1 vomeronasal receptor expression in juvenile and adult lungfish olfactory organ. Zoological Letters, 9, 6.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2023
Butanols Freezing Glutaral Osmium Osmium Tetroxide Scanning Electron Microscopy Sense of Smell

Top products related to «Butanols»

1
Thiobarbituric acid by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, India, United Kingdom, Sao Tome and Principe, Poland, Spain, Italy, Brazil, Macao, France, China, Czechia, Portugal, Canada, Mexico, Japan
Thiobarbituric acid is a chemical compound used in various laboratory applications. It is a white to pale yellow crystalline solid that is soluble in water and organic solvents. Thiobarbituric acid is commonly used as a reagent in analytical techniques to detect the presence of certain compounds, particularly those related to lipid peroxidation.
2
Es 2030 by Hitachi
Sourced in Japan
The ES-2030 is an electron scanning microscope designed for high-resolution imaging of samples. It features a tungsten electron source and a fully automated control system. The ES-2030 provides a magnification range of up to 300,000x and a resolution of up to 3 nanometers.
3
Gallic acid by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, Italy, Spain, France, India, China, Poland, Australia, United Kingdom, Sao Tome and Principe, Brazil, Chile, Ireland, Canada, Singapore, Switzerland, Malaysia, Portugal, Mexico, Hungary, New Zealand, Belgium, Czechia, Macao, Hong Kong, Sweden, Argentina, Cameroon, Japan, Slovakia, Serbia
Gallic acid is a naturally occurring organic compound that can be used as a laboratory reagent. It is a white to light tan crystalline solid with the chemical formula C6H2(OH)3COOH. Gallic acid is commonly used in various analytical and research applications.
4
Acetic acid by Merck Group
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Acetic acid is a colorless, vinegar-like liquid chemical compound. It is a commonly used laboratory reagent with the molecular formula CH3COOH. Acetic acid serves as a solvent, a pH adjuster, and a reactant in various chemical processes.
5
Butanol by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, India, Italy
Butanol is a colorless, flammable alcohol with a distinctive odor. It is a lab equipment product used as a solvent and precursor in various chemical reactions and processes. Butanol has a chemical formula of C4H9OH and a molecular weight of 74.12 g/mol.
6
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) by Merck Group
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DMSO is a versatile organic solvent commonly used in laboratory settings. It has a high boiling point, low viscosity, and the ability to dissolve a wide range of polar and non-polar compounds. DMSO's core function is as a solvent, allowing for the effective dissolution and handling of various chemical substances during research and experimentation.
7
Ethyl acetate by Merck Group
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Ethyl acetate is a clear, colorless liquid solvent commonly used in laboratory applications. It has a characteristic sweet, fruity odor. Ethyl acetate is known for its ability to dissolve a variety of organic compounds, making it a versatile tool in chemical research and analysis.
8
Methanol by Merck Group
Sourced in Germany, United States, Italy, India, United Kingdom, China, France, Poland, Spain, Switzerland, Australia, Canada, Sao Tome and Principe, Brazil, Ireland, Japan, Belgium, Portugal, Singapore, Macao, Malaysia, Czechia, Mexico, Indonesia, Chile, Denmark, Sweden, Bulgaria, Netherlands, Finland, Hungary, Austria, Israel, Norway, Egypt, Argentina, Greece, Kenya, Thailand, Pakistan
Methanol is a clear, colorless, and flammable liquid that is widely used in various industrial and laboratory applications. It serves as a solvent, fuel, and chemical intermediate. Methanol has a simple chemical formula of CH3OH and a boiling point of 64.7°C. It is a versatile compound that is widely used in the production of other chemicals, as well as in the fuel industry.
9
Jfd 320 by JEOL
Sourced in Japan
The JFD-320 is a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) designed for high-resolution imaging of a wide range of materials. It features a high-brightness electron gun and advanced optics to deliver exceptional image quality and resolution. The JFD-320 is capable of operating at accelerating voltages between 0.5 and 30 kV, allowing for versatile imaging applications.
10
S 4800 by Hitachi
Sourced in Japan, United States, China, Germany, United Kingdom, Spain, Canada, Czechia
The S-4800 is a high-resolution scanning electron microscope (SEM) manufactured by Hitachi. It provides a range of imaging and analytical capabilities for various applications. The S-4800 utilizes a field emission electron gun to generate high-quality, high-resolution images of samples.

More about "Butanols"

Butanols, a versatile class of organic compounds, are comprised of four carbon atoms and one hydroxyl group.
These versatile molecules, also known as alcohols or C4 alcohols, have a wide range of applications in various industries, including pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and research.
Butanols encompass several isomers, including n-butanol, isobutanol, sec-butanol, and tert-butanol, each with distinct properties and uses.
These alcohols find applications as solvents, intermediates, and additives in the production of paints, coatings, cosmetics, and personal care products.
In the pharmaceutical and healthcare sectors, butanols are utilized as excipients, preservatives, and active ingredients in drug formulations.
Researchers often employ butanols in extraction, purification, and synthesis processes, leveraging their unique solvent properties.
Closely related compounds, such as Thiobarbituric acid, ES-2030, Gallic acid, Acetic acid, DMSO, Ethyl acetate, and Methanol, are frequently used in conjunction with butanols, enabling a wide range of scientific and industrial applications.
PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform empowers researchers to explore the diverse world of butanols, providing access to a wealth of protocols from literature, preprints, and patents.
The platform's cutting-edge comparison tools help identify the most effective protocols and products, enhancing research reproducibility and optimizing workflows.
Experience the transformative potential of PubCompare.ai's AI-driven research platform and unlock the power of butanols and related compounds in your scientific endeavors.
Explore, compare, and innovate with the support of this innovative tool.