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Cannabinoids

Q: What are the different types of Cannabinoids?

There are several different types of Cannabinoids, including: - Phytocannabinoids - Found naturally in the cannabis plant, such as THC and CBD. - Endocannabinoids - Produced naturally by the human body, like anandamide and 2-AG. - Synthetic Cannabinoids - Artificially created compounds that mimic the effects of natural Cannabinoids.

Q: What are some common uses and applications of Cannabinoids?

Cannabinoids have a wide range of potential therapeutic applications, including: - Pain management - Reducing nausea and vomiting (e.g., in chemotherapy patients) - Improving symptoms of certain neurological disorders, such as multiple sclerosis and epilepsy - Regulating mood and reducing anxiety - Stimulating appetite in patients with wasting diseases

Cannabinoid is a class of diverse chemical compounds that act on cannabinoid receptors in cells, altering neurotransmitter release in the brain.
These compounds may have therapeutic applications, such as in the management of pain, nausea, and other conditions.
PubCompare.ai can assist researchers in locating the most reliable protocols and methods for cannabnioids research, enhancing reproducibility and accuracy.
The platform allows side-by-side comparisons of studies from literature, preprints, and patents to identify optimal approaches for your cannabinoid investigations.

Most cited protocols related to «Cannabinoids»

Cannabis Sample Analysis and Characterization

Cited 21 times

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Publication 2016

Cannabinoids Cannabis Cannabis sativa Climate Females Fibrosis Flowers Head Hemp Illicit Drugs Males Marijuana Abuse N-nitrosoiminodiacetic acid Plant Embryos Plants Resins, Plant Solvents Stem, Plant Sterility, Reproductive Thai

Randomized Trial of N-Acetylcysteine for Cannabis Use

Cited 14 times

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Publication 2017

Aftercare Cannabinoids Cannabis Diagnosis Pharmaceutical Preparations Physical Examination Placebos Pregnancy Self-Assessment Substance Abuse Detection Substance Use TimeLine Urine Vision Visually Impaired Persons

Cannabinoid Pharmacokinetics and Markers

Cited 13 times

A healthy cannabis smoker provided written informed consent to participate in a study investigating cannabinoid pharmacokinetics, in vitro cannabinoid stability and novel markers of cannabis intake following a single smoked cannabis dose. The Institutional Review Board of the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health approved this protocol. Cannabis cigarettes contained 6.8% THC (w/w) or approximately 56 mg THC and were smoked ad libitum over a 10 min period following an overnight stay on a secure residential unit. Whole blood was collected with sodium heparin 0.5 h prior to, 0.25 h after and 1.0 h after the start of cannabis smoking. Blood was transferred to polypropylene storage tubes and stored refrigerated until analysis within 24 h.

Schwope D.M., Scheidweiler K.B, & Huestis M.A. (2011). Direct Quantification of Cannabinoids and Cannabinoid Glucuronides in Whole Blood by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 401(4), 1273-1283.

Publication 2011

BLOOD Cannabinoids Cannabis Drug Kinetics Ethics Committees, Research Heparin Sodium Polypropylenes

Chronic Cannabis Use Neurological Impact

Cited 12 times

Selected from ongoing neuroimaging studies, thirty-four (29 male, 5 female) well-characterized, chronic, heavy, MJ smokers (22.8 ± 6.57 years) and twenty-eight (19 male, 9 female) non-MJ smoking healthy control participants (24.3 ± 6.64 years) were included in this investigation (see Table 1). Subjects were recruited from the greater Boston area, with participants from both downtown and suburban locations included. Recruitment sites included local colleges and universities, sports clubs and athletic centers, supermarkets, community centers and other public locations. All subjects received the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, Patient Edition (SCID-P) to ensure that no Axis I pathology was present and that they did not meet criteria for current or previous drug or alcohol abuse or dependence (excluding MJ abuse for the smokers), binge drinking, or routinely had more than 15 drinks per week. Given that diagnostic criteria for both alcohol abuse and dependence are exclusive of the total number of drinks per week, and our desire to enroll subjects without excessive alcohol use, we used criteria that is consistent with several of our previous investigations (Gruber et al., 2009 (link); Gruber, Silveri, Dahlgren & Yurgelun-Todd, 2011 (link); Pope, Gruber, Hudson, Huestis, & Yurgelun-Todd, 2001 (link)). In addition, subjects were excluded if they reported more than 15 lifetime uses of any category of illicit drugs or had a positive urine screen for any illicit drug (excluding MJ for the smokers), were non-native English speakers, if they had ever experienced a head injury with loss of consciousness or associated symptoms or sequelae or reported a neurological disorder, or if they had ever used psychotropic medications.
In order to qualify for study entry, MJ smokers had to have smoked MJ a minimum of 2500 times in their lives, used MJ at least five of the last seven days, test positive for urinary cannabinoids, and meet DSM-IV criteria for MJ abuse or dependence. MJ smokers were required to abstain from smoking for at least 12 hours before cognitive testing to ensure that they were not acutely intoxicated at the time of assessment and were told that they would have to give a urine sample upon arrival at the laboratory. To ensure compliance of the 12-hour abstinence, subjects were led to believe that this sample would allow us to detect use of MJ within this time frame, a method we have used previously with success (Gruber et al. 2011 (link)). Urine samples were tested for MJ, amphetamines, opioids, phencyclidine, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, and cocaine (Triage® Drugs of Abuse Panel: Immediate Response Diagnostics, San Diego, CA). This procedure was required for three reasons: (1) to exclude subjects who tested positive for other substances of abuse, (2) to determine whether subjects had used MJ recently enough to have a positive urine screen, and (3) to encourage subjects, as requested, to abstain from MJ from the previous evening until arriving at the laboratory to ensure subjects were not acutely intoxicated at the time of the visit. Subjects were repeatedly reminded that they would be tested for MJ use upon their arrival at the lab. A portion of the sample was sent to an outside laboratory for quantification of urinary cannabinoid concentration via gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Prior to participation, study procedures were explained, and all subjects were required to read and sign an informed consent form approved by the McLean Hospital Institutional Review Board, which described in detail the procedures of the study and explained that participation in the study was voluntary.

Gruber S.A., Sagar K.A., Dahlgren M.K., Racine M, & Lukas S.E. (2011). Age of Onset of Marijuana Use and Executive Function. Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors, 26(3), 496-506.

Publication 2011

1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylethanolamine Abuse, Alcohol Amphetamines Barbiturates Benzodiazepines Cannabinoids Cocaine Craniocerebral Trauma Diagnosis Drug Abuse Epistropheus Ethics Committees, Research Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Healthy Volunteers Illicit Drugs Males Nervous System Disorder Opioids Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Phencyclidine Psychotropic Drugs Reading Frames sequels Substance Abuse Substance Abuse Detection Urinalysis Urine Woman

Meconium Screening for Substance Abuse

Cited 12 times

Meconium specimens screening negative by immunoassay for amphetamines, opiates, cannabinoids, cocaine, and cotinine were pooled and mixed thoroughly. Meconium pools were confirmed negative for all analytes at the method’s lower LOQ prior to preparation of calibrators or quality control (QC) samples. To demonstrate method applicability, US Drug Testing Laboratory kindly donated positive meconium specimens previously analyzed by immunoassay and GCMS.

Gray T.R., Shakleya D.M, & Huestis M.A. (2009). A liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous quantification of 20 drugs of abuse and metabolites in human meconium. Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 393(8), 1977-1990.

Publication 2009

Amphetamines Cannabinoids Cocaine Cotinine Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Immunoassay Meconium Opiate Alkaloids

Most recents protocols related to «Cannabinoids»

Synthesis of Cephem, Carbacephem, Penem, and Carbapenem Conjugates

Not available on PMC !

Example 14

Cephem Conjugates

Cephem acetal linked β-lactam antibiotic cannabinoid conjugate components are synthesized according to the following Scheme. The starting material [15690-38-7] is converted to a hydroxymethyl intermediate containing a side chain and protecting ester of choice as described in the literature (WO 96/04247). A cannabinoid (CBD) is converted to the O-chloromethyl intermediate via reported conditions (Bioorg. & Med. Chem., 26(2), 386-393; 2018; J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 136(26), 9260-9263; 2014; Faming Zhuanli Shenqing, 105037382, 11 Nov. 2015). The hydroxymethyl and O-chloromethyl intermediates are reacted under previously reported conditions (Tetrahedron, 60(12), 2771-2784; 2004) to generate the acetal link. Removal of the diphenylmethyl ester protecting group gives the product.

[Figure (not displayed)]

Carbacephem Conjugates

Carbacephem acetal linked β-lactam antibiotic cannabinoid conjugate components are synthesized according to the following Scheme. The starting material [177472-75-2] is converted to a hydroxymethyl intermediate containing a side chain and protecting ester of choice as described in the literature (WO 96/04247). A cannabinoid (CBD) is converted to the O-chloromethyl intermediate via reported conditions (Bioorg. & Med. Chem., 26(2), 386-393; 2018; J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 136(26), 9260-9263; 2014; Faming Zhuanli Shenqing, 105037382, 11 Nov. 2015). The hydroxymethyl and O-chloromethyl intermediates are reacted under previously reported conditions (Tetrahedron, 60(12), 2771-2784; 2004) to generate the acetal link. Removal of the diphenylmethyl ester protecting group gives the product.

[Figure (not displayed)]

Penem Conjugates

Penem acetal linked β-lactam antibiotic cannabinoid conjugate components are synthesized according to the following Scheme. A cannabinoid (CBD) is converted to its O-chloromethyl intermediate via reported conditions (Bioorg. & Med. Chem., 26(2), 386-393; 2018; J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 136(26), 9260-9263; 2014; Faming Zhuanli Shenqing, 105037382, 11 Nov. 2015). This intermediate is reacted with a hydroxymethyl penem [88585-78-8] under reported conditions (Tetrahedron, 60(12), 2771-2784; 2004) to form the acetal link. Removal of the silyl ether and allyl ester protecting groups under standard conditions gives the product.

[Figure (not displayed)]

Carbapenem Conjugates

Carbapenem acetal linked β-lactam antibiotic cannabinoid conjugate components are synthesized according to the following Scheme. A cannabinoid (CBD) is converted to its O-chloromethyl intermediate via reported conditions (Bioorg. & Med. Chem., 26(2), 386-393; 2018; J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 136(26), 9260-9263; 2014; Faming Zhuanli Shenqing, 105037382, 11 Nov. 2015). This intermediate is reacted with a hydroxymethyl carbapenem [118990-99-1] under reported conditions (Tetrahedron, 60(12), 2771-2784; 2004) to form the acetal link. Removal of the allyl protecting groups under standard conditions gives the product.

[Figure (not displayed)]

US11877988B2. Conjugate molecules (2024-01-23). Diverse Biotech, Inc. [US]. Inventors: Paul Hershberger [US], Philip Arlen [US].

Full text: Click here

Patent 2024

Acetals Cannabinoids carbacephems Carbapenems Esters Ethers Monobactams Penem

Synthesis of Cephem, Carbacephem, Penem, and Carbapenem Cannabinoid Conjugates

Not available on PMC !

Example 1

Cephem Conjugates

Cephem ether linked β-lactam antibiotic cannabinoid conjugate components are synthesized according to the following Scheme. The CAS numbers for the two key building blocks is shown. Reaction conditions follow standard conditions for amine acylation in the first step to attach the cephem side chain, for alkylation of a phenol group of a cannabinoid in the second step with optional use of a catalyst or enhancer such as NaI, followed by standard removal of the p-methoxybenzyl protecting group in the third step to furnish the product. A di-alkylated product may also be obtained.

[Figure (not displayed)]

Carbacephem Conjugates

Carbacephem ether linked β-lactam antibiotic cannabinoid conjugate components are synthesized according to the following Scheme. The general starting material [177472-75-2] was reported in racemic form as [54296-34-3] (Journal of the American Chemical Society (1974), 96(24), 7584) and is elaborated to the iodide intermediate after installing a side chain of choice using a previously reported process (WO 96/04247). Alkylation of CBD with the iodide followed by deprotection, both steps under standard conditions, provides the desired product.

[Figure (not displayed)]

Penem Conjugates

Penem ether linked β-lactam antibiotic cannabinoid conjugate components are synthesized according to the following Scheme. The starting material [145354-22-9], prepared as reported (Journal of Organic Chemistry, 58(1), 272-4; 1993), is reacted with CBD under standard alkylating conditions. The silyl ether TBS protecting group is then removed followed by deallylation under known conditions to give the desired product.

[Figure (not displayed)]

Carbapenem Conjugates

Carbapenem ether linked β-lactam antibiotic cannabinoid conjugate components are synthesized according to the following Scheme. The starting material [136324-03-3] is reacted with CBD under standard alkylating conditions. The silyl ether TES protecting group is then removed followed by removal of the p-methoxybenzyl ester protecting group under known conditions to give the desired product.

[Figure (not displayed)]

US11877988B2. Conjugate molecules (2024-01-23). Diverse Biotech, Inc. [US]. Inventors: Paul Hershberger [US], Philip Arlen [US].

Full text: Click here

Patent 2024

Acylation Adjustment Disorders Alkylation Amines Cannabinoids carbacephems Carbapenems Esters Ethers Iodides Monobactams Penem Phenol

Monobactam-Cannabinoid Antibiotic Conjugate Synthesis

Not available on PMC !

Example 18

Monobactam acetal linked β-lactam antibiotic cannabinoid conjugate components are synthesized according to the following Scheme. The starting material [76855-69-1] is deacetylated under reported conditions (Journal of Fluorine Chemistry, 72(2), 255-9; 1995) to give the 2-hydroxy intermediate. This hydroxy group is then alkylated with the O-chloromethyl cannabinoid which is prepared as described in the cephem acetal example in this Application to form the acetal link. Removal of the silyl ether protecting group followed by sulfonation using established conditions gives the product.

[Figure (not displayed)]

US11877988B2. Conjugate molecules (2024-01-23). Diverse Biotech, Inc. [US]. Inventors: Paul Hershberger [US], Philip Arlen [US].

Full text: Click here

Patent 2024

Acetals Cannabinoids Ethers Fluorine Monobactams

Synthesis of Monobactam Cannabinoid Conjugates

Not available on PMC !

Example 20

Monobactam thiocarbonate linked β-lactam antibiotic cannabinoid conjugate components are synthesized according to the following Scheme. The starting material [76855-69-1] is deacetylated under reported conditions (Journal of Fluorine Chemistry, 72(2), 255-9; 1995) to give the 2-hydroxy intermediate. This hydroxy group is then reacted with thiophosgene and a cannabinoid (CBD) under standard basic conditions to form the carbonate link. Removal of the silyl ether protecting group followed by sulfonation using established conditions gives the product.

[Figure (not displayed)]

US11877988B2. Conjugate molecules (2024-01-23). Diverse Biotech, Inc. [US]. Inventors: Paul Hershberger [US], Philip Arlen [US].

Full text: Click here

Patent 2024

Cannabinoids Carbonates Ethers Fluorine Monobactams thiophosgene

Monobactam-Cannabinoid Conjugate Synthesis

Not available on PMC !

Example 22

Monobactam aminal linked β-lactam antibiotic cannabinoid conjugate components are synthesized according to the following Scheme. The starting material [76855-69-1] is converted to the corresponding amine under reported conditions (Organic Chemistry: An Indian Journal, 9(6), 229-235; 2013) to give the 2-amino intermediate. This amino group is then alkylated with the O-chloromethyl cannabinoid which is prepared as described in the cephem acetal example in this Application to form the acetal link. Removal of the silyl ether protecting group followed by sulfonation using established conditions gives the product.

[Figure (not displayed)]

US11877988B2. Conjugate molecules (2024-01-23). Diverse Biotech, Inc. [US]. Inventors: Paul Hershberger [US], Philip Arlen [US].

Full text: Click here

Patent 2024

Acetals Amines Cannabinoids Ethers Monobactams

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Methanol is a clear, colorless, and flammable liquid that is widely used in various industrial and laboratory applications. It serves as a solvent, fuel, and chemical intermediate. Methanol has a simple chemical formula of CH3OH and a boiling point of 64.7°C. It is a versatile compound that is widely used in the production of other chemicals, as well as in the fuel industry.

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What are Cannabinoids and how do they work?

Cannabinoids are a class of diverse chemical compounds that act on cannabinoid receptors in cells, altering the release of neurotransmitters in the brain. These compounds may have therapeutic applications, such as in the management of pain, nausea, and other conditions. Cannabinoid receptors are part of the endocannabinoid system, which regulates various physiological and cognitive processes.

What are the different types of Cannabinoids?

What are some common uses and applications of Cannabinoids?

How can PubCompare.ai assist with Cannabinoids research?

PubCompare.ai can help optimnize your Cannabinoids research in several ways: 1. It allows you to screen protocol literature more efficiently, saving time and effort. 2. The AI-driven analysis can pinpoint critical insights that might otherwise be missed, helping you identify the most effective protocols for your specific research goals. 3. The platform's side-by-side comparison of studies from literature, preprints, and patents enables you to choose the best methods for reproducibility and accuracy in your Cannabinoids investigations.

More about "Cannabinoids"

Cannabinoids are a diverse class of chemical compounds that interact with cannabinoid receptors in the body, influencing the release of neurotransmitters in the brain.
These compounds have potential therapeutic applications, such as in the management of pain, nausea, and other conditions.
PubCompare.ai is an AI-driven platform that can assist researchers in locating the most reliable protocols and methods for cannabinoids research, enhancing reproducibility and accuracy.
The platform allows for side-by-side comparisons of studies from literature, preprints, and patents, helping researchers identify the optimal approaches for their cannabinoid investigations.
This includes accessing information on related compounds and techniques, such as formic acid, acetonitrile, methanol, Δ9-THC, 7-hydroxyoumarin, the Beckman J-6B floor centrifuge, umbelliferone, high protein monkey diet, AM630, and the Milli-Q water purification system.
By utilizing the insights and tools provided by PubCompare.ai, researchers can enhance the reliability and effectiveness of their cannabinoids research, leading to advancements in the understanding and therapeutic potential of these fascinating compounds.
Whether you're studying the effects of cannabinoids on pain management, nausea relief, or other areas, PubCompare.ai can help you navigate the literature and identify the best protocols to ensure reproducible and accurate results.