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Carbopol

Carbopol is a family of high-molecular-weight, cross-linked polyacrylic acid polymers used as thickening, suspending, and emulsifying agents in a variety of pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations.
These mucoadhesive polymers are widely employed to improve the viscosity, stability, and bioavailability of drug products.
Carbopol derivatives offer a range of characteristics, such as pH-responsiveness and bioadhesion, making them versatile excipients for topical, oral, and ocular drug delivery.
Researches leveraging Carbopol in their formulation development can utilize the power of PubCompare.ai to optimize their protocols and identify the most effective solutions for their needs, streamlining their research and improving outcomes.

Most cited protocols related to «Carbopol»

1
Microneedle Array Fabrication Protocols
The following polymeric materials were used to prepare corresponding 3×3 MN arrays (dimensions 600 μm in height, 300 μm in width, and an interspacing of 300 μm): PVA, alginic acid, Carbopol® 971 and Gantrez® AN-139. A 30% w/w aqueous solution of PVA was prepared by adding the required mass of PVA to deionised water, followed by heating at 80.0°C for 4.0 h, until a clear gel was formed. Upon cooling, the blend was then readjusted to the final concentration of 30% w/w by addition of an appropriate amount of deionised water. A 10% w/w aqueous solution of alginic acid was prepared by adding the required mass of alginic acid to deionised water, followed by heating at 70°C for 30 min and readjusting to the final concentration of 10%w/w with deionised water. A 10% w/v aqueous Carbopol® 971-P NF blend was prepared by adding the required amount of polymer to distilled water with constant stirring at 800.0 rpm. Once a homogenous gel was formed, it was neutralised using 10 M NaOH to pH6, thus increasing the viscosity of the gel. A 20% w/w aqueous solution of Gantrez® AN-139 was prepared by adding the required mass of Gantrez® AN-139 to ice-cold deionised water, followed by vigorous stirring and heating at 95°C until a clear gel was obtained, due to hydrolysis of the anhydride form of the copolymer to the corresponding acid. Upon cooling, the blend was then readjusted to the final concentration of 20% w/w by addition of an appropriate amount of deionised water. In each case, the resultant solutions were then poured into the silicone micromoulds, centrifuged for 15 min at 3,500 rpm, and allowed to dry under ambient conditions for 24 h.
Donnelly R.F., Majithiya R., Singh T.R., Morrow D.I., Garland M.J., Demir Y.K., Migalska K., Ryan E., Gillen D., Scott C.J, & Woolfson A.D. (2010). Design, Optimization and Characterisation of Polymeric Microneedle Arrays Prepared by a Novel Laser-Based Micromoulding Technique. Pharmaceutical research, 28(1), 41-57.
Publication 2010
Acids Alginic Acid Anhydrides Carbopol Cold Temperature Gantrez Homozygote Hydrolysis Ice Polymers Silicones Viscosity
2
Measuring Bioadhesive Binding Strength
The bioadhesive binding strength between mucin and chitosan was measured using a viscometric technique. The assessment was carried out according to Hassan and Gallo’s procedure [50 (link)].
The viscosity coefficient of a hydrophilic dispersion including mucin and bioadhesive polymers HPMC and Carbopol® was computed using the equation below: ηt=ηm+ηp+ηb
where ηt is the viscosity coefficient of the system, and ηm and ηp are the individual viscosity coefficients of mucin and bioadhesive polymer, respectively, and ηb is the viscosity of component due to bioadhesion and can be obtained by rear-ranging above equation: ηb=ηt−ηm−ηp
The force of bioadhesion, F, represents the additional intermolecular frictional force per unit area and was determined by: F=ηb×σ
where σ is the rate of shear per second.
Paczkowska-Walendowska M., Szymańska E., Winnicka K., Szwajgier D., Baranowska-Wójcik E., Ruchała M.A., Simon M, & Cielecka-Piontek J. (2021). Cyclodextrin as Functional Carrier in Development of Mucoadhesive Tablets Containing Polygoni cuspidati Extract with Potential for Dental Applications. Pharmaceutics, 13(11), 1916.
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Publication 2021
Carbopol Chitosan Friction Mucins Polymers Viscosity
3
Preparation of IMC Transdermal Formulations
Drug SNPs were prepared according to our previous reports [15 (link),17 (link),19 (link)]. Briefly, IMC powder was dispersed in distilled water containing 5% HPβCD and 0.5% MC was selected as additives to prevent aggregation and enhance the mill power, respectively for 3 h at 22 °C. The dispersions were treated by the bead mill method using Bead Smash 12 (Wakenyaku Co. Ltd., Kyoto, Japan) for 30 times (3000 rpm, 30 s, 4 °C), and the pH of each formulations are adjusted to 7. In preparation of IMC transdermal formulations containing 2% menthol, the menthol was added to the milled IMC dispersion, then stirred and sonicated for 1 h. After that, the IMC dispersions with or without menthol were gelled by carbopol dissolved in distilled water at 22 °C (with menthol, N-IMC/MT gel; without menthol, N-IMC gel). The transdermal formulations containing IMC microparticles were prepared by the following method. The 1% IMC powder was mixed with 5% HPβCD 0.5% MC, and/or 2% menthol, and dispersed in distilled water, and stirred for 1 h. The dispersions were gelled by carbopol dissolved in distilled water at 22 °C (with menthol, P-IMC/MT gel; without menthol, P-IMC gel). The P-IMC and P-IMC/MC gels were used to compare the IMC SNPs-based transdermal formulations. The viscosity in these P-IMC, P-IMC/MT, N-IMC and P-IMC/MC gels were similar, and the values were approximately 12–16 Pa∙s.
Nagai N., Ogata F., Yamaguchi M., Fukuoka Y., Otake H., Nakazawa Y, & Kawasaki N. (2019). Combination with l-Menthol Enhances Transdermal Penetration of Indomethacin Solid Nanoparticles. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 20(15), 3644.
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Publication 2019
Carbopol Cell-Derived Microparticles Gels Menthol Pharmaceutical Preparations Powder Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Viscosity
4
In Vitro Loperamide Liposome Release Kinetics
In brief, 200 μL of 4 mg/mL loperamide HCl-encapsulated liposome suspension (equivalent to 0.8 mg loperamide HCl) was mixed with 1 mL of carbopol gel (0.5%, w/w) and added in a dialysis bag (MWCO 10 kDa; Thermo Fisher Scientific). The dialysis system was suspended in a release volume of 40 mL PBS, pH 6.5, at 37°C and rotated at 200 rpm. For control groups, 0.8 mg of loperamide HCl was mixed with 1 mL of carbopol gel (0.5%, w/w) and placed in a dialysis bag. Stability was assessed using the dialysis method described. The drug-loaded gel was spread thinly onto the membrane surface within the dialysis tubing to mimic topical administration. At scheduled intervals, 200 μL of the release medium was collected for the HPLC assay. The same volume of fresh PBS buffer at the same temperature was added immediately to maintain constant release volume. The length of the dialysis tubing was kept consistent for all methods to ensure that the surface area available for dialysis remained constant.
, & Hua S. (2014). Comparison of in vitro dialysis release methods of loperamide-encapsulated liposomal gel for topical drug delivery. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 9, 735-744.
Publication 2014
Administration, Topical Biological Assay Buffers Carbopol Dialysis Gels High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies Liposomes Loperamide Hydrochloride Tissue, Membrane
5
Carbopol-Based Borneol Topical Gel
The exact amount of carbopol 940 (1%), propylene glycol (7%), and methylparaben (0.1%) was dispersed in distilled water. The carbopol dispersion was kept at rest for 24 hours to allow for the complete swelling. Then the blended carbopol was mixed with continuous stirring, ultrasound, and hot plate to form gel aspect. Dispersion obtained was neutralized with required quantity of triethanolamine to obtain pH 5.0 to 5.5. The carbopol remained in a plastic jar for a week at room temperature. Then, a concentration corresponding to 5% of borneol was diluted with propylene glycol and added to the carbopol. The BG5 was stored in a glass jar and kept at room temperature for 8 months for physical and chemistry analysis.
Dantas M.G., Reis S.A., Damasceno C.M., Rolim L.A., Rolim-Neto P.J., Carvalho F.O., Quintans-Junior L.J, & Almeida J.R. (2016). Development and Evaluation of Stability of a Gel Formulation Containing the Monoterpene Borneol. The Scientific World Journal, 2016, 7394685.
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Publication 2016
borneol carbomer 940 Carbopol methylparaben Physical Examination Propylene Glycol triethanolamine Ultrasonics

Most recents protocols related to «Carbopol»

1
Ticagrelor Oral Film Formulation
Not available on PMC !

EXAMPLE 7

IngredientsAmount
Ticagrelor (mg)70
Pectin(mg)200
Mannitol(mg)100
Carbopol(mg)300
Citric acid (mg)100
L-Lysine (mg)40
Purified water (ml)q.s. to 250 μl

Ticagrelor and pullulan were accurately weighed and dissolved in distilled water. This solution was mixed well followed by the addition of plasticizers and superdisintegrant. Then the resultant homogeneous solution was poured into a Petri dish (diameter 6 cm) and dried in an oven at 600 C for 24 h. The film was carefully removed from the Petri dish and cut into desired size (2×2 cm2).

US11878016B2. Methods and products for treating subjects with autism spectrum disorders (2024-01-23). NEURIM PHARMACEUTICALS (1991) LTD. [IL]. Inventors: Nava Zisapel [IL], Moshe Laudon [IL].
Full text: Click here
Patent 2024
Autism Spectrum Disorders Carbopol Citric Acid Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Lysine Mannitol Methoxypectin Plasticizers pullulan Ticagrelor
2
Formulation and Characterization of Chitosan-Coated BNN27-Loaded Nanoemulsions
After the identification of the optimal NE composition, BNN27-loaded NEs were formulated by the spontaneous emulsification (titration) method. For this, a saturated solution of BNN27 in Capmul MCM was prepared by adding 40 mg/mL BNN27 in the oil phase and applying magnetic stirring. Then, in the BNN27 Capmul MCM phase, the Smix (containing Tween 80 as surfactant) was added until a clear mixture was produced. Finally, H2O was added dropwise and stirred to produce clear NEs of BNN27. If all of the BNN27 is loaded with a 10% w/w oil phase, the NEs should contain 4 mg of BNN27 per mL of NE.
Mucoadhesive, chitosan (CHT) or carbopol (CAR) coated BNN27-loaded NEs (BNEs) were also prepared. For this, concentrated BNEs (using the minimum volume of the external phase) were initially prepared, and then mixed with the required volume of CHT or CAR aqueous solution to attain a final CHT or CAR concentration of 0.3% w/w. After the addition of CHT or CAR, the BNEs were allowed to homogenize by continuous stirring for 1 h.
Kannavou M., Karali K., Katsila T., Siapi E., Marazioti A., Klepetsanis P., Calogeropoulou T., Charalampopoulos I, & Antimisiaris S.G. (2023). Development and Comparative In Vitro and In Vivo Study of BNN27 Mucoadhesive Liposomes and Nanoemulsions for Nose-to-Brain Delivery. Pharmaceutics, 15(2), 419.
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Publication 2023
Capmul MCM Carbopol Chitosan Surfactants Titrimetry Tween 80
3
Nanoemulsion Preformulation for BNN27 Delivery
1,2-Distearoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphatidylcholine (PC) and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(19-rac-glycerol) (sodium salt) (PG), and Lissamine Rhodamine B phosphatidylethanolamine or Rhodamine-lipid (RHO), were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL). Capmul MCM was received as a gift sample from Abitec Corporation Limited (Columbus, OH, USA). Labrafac Lipophile WL 1349, Labrafac PG, and Transcutol HP were received as gift samples from Gattefosse (Lyon, France). Tween 80 was purchased from Fisher BioReagents and Tween 20 from BioChemica UK Ltd. Carbopol 974P was kindly provided by Chemix SA (Athens, Greece). Cholesterol, mucin from porcine stomach Type III bound sialic acid 0.5–1.5% (partially purified powder), low molecular weight chitosan (LMW-CHT, with a molecular weight of 50–190 kDa and 75–85% deacetylated) and medium molecular weight chitosan (MMW-CHT, with a molecular weight between 190–310 kDa and 75–85% deacetylated), and all other excipients for the nanoemulsion preformulation studies were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich or Merck. BNN27 was kindly provided by Bionature Ltd.
For the quantification of BNN27, an enzymatic method—a cholesterol kit purchased from Biotechnological applications LTD (Athens, Greece)—was used. All other chemicals were of analytical quality and were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich or Merck (Darmstadt, Germany).
Kannavou M., Karali K., Katsila T., Siapi E., Marazioti A., Klepetsanis P., Calogeropoulou T., Charalampopoulos I, & Antimisiaris S.G. (2023). Development and Comparative In Vitro and In Vivo Study of BNN27 Mucoadhesive Liposomes and Nanoemulsions for Nose-to-Brain Delivery. Pharmaceutics, 15(2), 419.
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Publication 2023
Alabaster Capmul MCM Carbopol Chitosan Cholesterol Enzymes Excipients Glycerin Glycerylphosphorylcholine labrafac WL 1349 Lipids lissamine-rhodamine-phosphatidylethanolamine Mucins, Gastric N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Pigs Powder Rhodamine Sodium Sodium Chloride transcutol HP Tween 20 Tween 80
4
Analytical Method Development for IMQ
IMQ drug substance of GMP grade was purchased from Teva Pharmaceuticals Industries Ltd.—Teva API Division (Debrecen, Hungary). Aponorm 7 mL tubes, Aqua conservata DAC, Carbopol 974P, jojoba wax, polysorbate 80 and sodium hydroxide were purchased from Caesar & Loretz GmbH (Hillscheid, Germany). Zirconium oxide milling spheres of 1 mm diameter were purchased from Fritsch GmbH (Idar-Oberstein, Germany). Acetonitrile ≥ 99.9%, HiPerSolv CHROMANORM gradient grade and methanol ≥ 99.8%, HiPerSolv CHROMANORM gradient grade, WTW technical buffers TEP 2, STP-7 and STP-10 trace were purchased from VWR International GmbH (Darmstadt, Germany). Phosphoric acid LiChropur > 85%, sulfuric acid ≥ 98% LiChropur, Millex nylon syringe filters of 0.45 µm pore size and a diameter of 25 mm, triethylamine ≥ 99.5% LiChropur and IMQ USP Reference Standard were purchased from Sigma Aldrich Chemie GmbH (Taufkirchen, Germany). Ethanol Rotisolv HPLC gradient grade, heptane-1-sulphonic acid sodium salt, sodium lauryl sulfate ≥ 99% and Omnifix disposable 50 mL syringes with Luer-Lock fitting were purchased from Carl Roth GmbH (Karlsruhe, Germany). Inertsil ODS3-5 µm 250 mm × 4.6 mm and Zorbax RX-C8 150 mm × 4.6 mm 5 µm HPLC columns were purchased from MZ Analysentechnik GmbH (Mainz, Germany).
Pielenhofer J., Meiser S.L., Gogoll K., Ciciliani A.M., Denny M., Klak M., Lang B.M., Staubach P., Grabbe S., Schild H., Radsak M.P., Spahn-Langguth H, & Langguth P. (2023). Quality by Design (QbD) Approach for a Nanoparticulate Imiquimod Formulation as an Investigational Medicinal Product. Pharmaceutics, 15(2), 514.
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Publication 2023
acetonitrile Buffers Carbopol Ethanol Heptane High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies jojoba wax Methanol Nylons Pharmaceutical Preparations Phosphoric Acids Polysorbate 80 Sodium Sodium Chloride Sodium Hydroxide Strains Sulfate, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfonic Acids Sulfuric Acids Syringes triethylamine zirconium oxide
5
Carbopol-Pluronic Emulgel for Corticosteroid
The ECO formulation was prepared by dispersing 1.2% w/w Carbopol C934P and 2.4% w/w Pluronic® F127 in water under vigorous stirring until complete homogenization occurred. Then, the pH was adjusted to 7 using TEA. Afterward, COR was slowly added until it reached 20% w/w, and the system was continuously stirred for 30 min (Scheme 1). After manufacturing, the emulgel (called ECO, a gel containing COR) was stored at room temperature. The details of the optimization and preparation have recently been published [12 (link)].
Campanholi K.D., Junior R.C., de Morais F.A., Gonçalves R.S., Rodrigues B.M., Pozza M.S., de Castro-Hoshino L.V., Leite S.M., Capeloto O.A., Baesso M.L., Pozza P.C, & Caetano W. (2023). Copaiba Oil-Based Emulsion as a Natural Chemotherapeutic Agent for the Treatment of Bovine Mastitis: In Vivo Studies. Pharmaceutics, 15(2), 346.
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Publication 2023
Carbopol carbopol 934P Pluronic F-127

Top products related to «Carbopol»

1
Poloxamer 407 by BASF
Sourced in Germany, United States, India, United Kingdom
Poloxamer 407 is a non-ionic, water-soluble triblock copolymer. It is composed of a central hydrophobic block of polypropylene oxide (PPO) flanked by two hydrophilic blocks of polyethylene oxide (PEO). Poloxamer 407 is typically used in the formulation of various lab equipment and materials due to its unique physicochemical properties.
2
Triethanolamine by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, India, United Kingdom, Brazil, Italy, France, China, Poland
Triethanolamine is a clear, viscous liquid chemical compound. It is a primary function is to serve as a pH adjuster and emulsifier in various laboratory applications.
3
Carbopol 974p by Lubrizol
Sourced in United States, Brazil
Carbopol® 974P is a high-molecular-weight, cross-linked polyacrylic acid polymer that is commonly used in the formulation of personal care and pharmaceutical products. It serves as a thickening, suspending, and emulsifying agent, helping to stabilize and control the viscosity of various formulations.
4
Chitosan by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, India, Italy, China, Poland, France, Spain, Sao Tome and Principe, Canada, Macao, Brazil, Singapore, Ireland, Iceland, Australia, Japan, Switzerland, Israel, Malaysia, Portugal, Mexico, Denmark, Egypt, Czechia, Belgium
Chitosan is a natural biopolymer derived from the exoskeletons of crustaceans, such as shrimp and crabs. It is a versatile material with various applications in the field of laboratory equipment. Chitosan exhibits unique properties, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, and antimicrobial activity. It can be utilized in the development of a wide range of lab equipment, such as filters, membranes, and sorbents, due to its ability to interact with various substances and its potential for customization.
5
Methanol by Merck Group
Sourced in Germany, United States, Italy, India, United Kingdom, China, France, Poland, Spain, Switzerland, Australia, Canada, Sao Tome and Principe, Brazil, Ireland, Japan, Belgium, Portugal, Singapore, Macao, Malaysia, Czechia, Mexico, Indonesia, Chile, Denmark, Sweden, Bulgaria, Netherlands, Finland, Hungary, Austria, Israel, Norway, Egypt, Argentina, Greece, Kenya, Thailand, Pakistan
Methanol is a clear, colorless, and flammable liquid that is widely used in various industrial and laboratory applications. It serves as a solvent, fuel, and chemical intermediate. Methanol has a simple chemical formula of CH3OH and a boiling point of 64.7°C. It is a versatile compound that is widely used in the production of other chemicals, as well as in the fuel industry.
6
Carbopol 934p by BASF
Sourced in India
Carbopol 934P is a high-molecular-weight, cross-linked polyacrylic acid polymer used as a thickening, suspending, and emulsifying agent in various laboratory applications. It is a white, fluffy powder that disperses in water to form a colloidal solution, increasing the viscosity of the medium.
7
Acetonitrile by Merck Group
Sourced in Germany, United States, Italy, India, China, United Kingdom, France, Poland, Spain, Switzerland, Australia, Canada, Brazil, Sao Tome and Principe, Ireland, Belgium, Macao, Japan, Singapore, Mexico, Austria, Czechia, Bulgaria, Hungary, Egypt, Denmark, Chile, Malaysia, Israel, Croatia, Portugal, New Zealand, Romania, Norway, Sweden, Indonesia
Acetonitrile is a colorless, volatile, flammable liquid. It is a commonly used solvent in various analytical and chemical applications, including liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, and other laboratory procedures. Acetonitrile is known for its high polarity and ability to dissolve a wide range of organic compounds.
8
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Italy, Sao Tome and Principe, France, Macao, India, Canada, Switzerland, Japan, Australia, Spain, Poland, Belgium, Brazil, Czechia, Portugal, Austria, Denmark, Israel, Sweden, Ireland, Hungary, Mexico, Netherlands, Singapore, Indonesia, Slovakia, Cameroon, Norway, Thailand, Chile, Finland, Malaysia, Latvia, New Zealand, Hong Kong, Pakistan, Uruguay, Bangladesh
DMSO is a versatile organic solvent commonly used in laboratory settings. It has a high boiling point, low viscosity, and the ability to dissolve a wide range of polar and non-polar compounds. DMSO's core function is as a solvent, allowing for the effective dissolution and handling of various chemical substances during research and experimentation.

More about "Carbopol"

Carbopol, a versatile family of high-molecular-weight, cross-linked polyacrylic acid polymers, is widely used as a thickening, suspending, and emulsifying agent in a variety of pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations.
These mucoadhesive polymers offer a range of characteristics, such as pH-responsiveness and bioadhesion, making them a popular choice for topical, oral, and ocular drug delivery.
Poloxamer 407, another commonly used excipient, is often combined with Carbopol to enhance the viscosity and stability of drug products.
Triethanolamine, on the other hand, is frequently employed as a pH adjuster and neutralizer in Carbopol-based formulations.
Carbopol 974P and Carbopol 934P are two of the most widely studied and utilized Carbopol derivatives, offering unique properties that can be tailored to specific drug delivery needs.
Chitosan, a natural polysaccharide, is sometimes incorporated with Carbopol to improve mucoadhesion and enhance drug absorption.
Researchers and formulators working with Carbopol-based systems may also encounter solvents like methanol, acetonitrile, and DMSO, which are commonly used in analytical and characterization procedures.
Leveraging the power of PubCompare.ai, an AI-powered platform, can streamline the research process and help identify the most effective Carbopol-based solutions for your needs.
The advanced protocol comparison tools provided by PubCompare.ai allow you to easily locate and compare the best protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, ultimately leading to improved research outcomes and more efficient formulation development.