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Carboxymethylcellulose

Carboxymethylcellulose is a cellulose derivative used in a variety of applications, including as a thickening agent, stabilizer, and emulsifier in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products.
It is also utilized in the paper, textile, and oil industries.
This water-soluble polysaccharide is known for its ability to modify the viscosity and rheological properties of solutions, making it a valuable component in many formulations.
Reseachers can utilize PubCompare.ai to optimize their carboxymethylcellulose research protocols, locating the best procedures from literature, preprints, and patents, while leveraging intelligent comparisons to enhance reproducibility and accuraacy.
This data-driven approach unlocks the power of research and enables more efficient, reliable investigations of this versatile and widely-used material.

Most cited protocols related to «Carboxymethylcellulose»

1
Endothelial Cell Spheroid Formation
Cited 59 times
Confluent monolayers of HUVEC or BAEC were trypsinized. Cells were suspended in corresponding culture medium containing 20% methocel, seeded into nonadhesive 75-cm2 bacteriological dishes (Greiner, Frickenhausen, Germany), and cultured at 37°C (5% CO2, 100% humidity). Under these conditions suspended EC aggregate spontaneously within 4 h to form cellular aggregates of varying size and cell number. The methocel used for these experiments was diluted from a stock solution that was generated by dissolving 6 g of carboxymethylcellulose in 500 ml of medium (DME or ECGM basal medium). After centrifugation the clear, gel-like supernatant was used for experiments. Methocel prevents adhesion of cells and acts as an inert viscosity modulating substance. Variation of the methocel concentration during spheroid formation was, thus, used to control the average size of the spheroids. These multicellular spheroids were designated as random spheroids and used for all experiments that employed larger populations of cells. To generate endothelial cell spheroids of defined size and cell number, a specific number of cells (varying between 500 and 3,000 cells per spheroid, depending on the experiment) was suspended in culture medium and seeded in nonadherent round-bottom 96-well plates (Greiner, Frickenhausen, Germany). Under these conditions all suspended cell contribute to the formation of a single endothelial cell spheroid. These spheroids, designated as standard spheroids, were harvested within 24 h and used for the corresponding experiments.
Korff T, & Augustin H.G. (1998). Integration of Endothelial Cells in Multicellular Spheroids Prevents Apoptosis and Induces Differentiation. The Journal of Cell Biology, 143(5), 1341-1352.
Publication 1998
Carboxymethylcellulose Cell Adhesion Cells Centrifugation Culture Media Endothelial Cells Endothelium Humidity Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Methocel Population Group SERPINA3 protein, human Spheroids, Cellular Viscosity
2
Magnetic nanoparticle-based interstitial probes
Cited 21 times
Alginate probes were prepared using extrusion methods [18 (link)], [19 (link)]. Briefly, 1% sodium alginate in water functioned as the anionic solution and 2% calcium chloride containing 1% carboxymethylcellulose functioned as the cationic solution. Functionalized mNPs [12 ] (Micromod, 100 nm hydrodynamic diameter, iron oxide, dextran coated) were added to the cationic solution to achieve 1 mg/ml concentration. Droplets of the cationic solution were injected into 100 ml of anionic solution under constant stirring to generate hollow core beads. After alginate beads formed, they were rinsed with 2% calcium chloride three times, and incubated in 0.01% calcium solution at 4 °C. The resulting probes proved stable for two months. For spectroscopic measurements, calcium-alginated beads containing around 300 μg mNP were used.
We used blood as a surrogate for the interstitial in vivo environment. Blood contains most of the chemical complexities of the in vivo environment: the antibodies, enzymes, and a host of other proteins large and small present in vivo are all present in blood. Other biological samples are generally less problematic: urea, saliva, tissue, and so on. Blood is also the most commonly collected biological sample and has the most complicated composition. It has been shown that mNPs were readily taken in by cells resulting in a lower MSB signal [11 ]. Whole blood was harvested in an eppendorf tube containing heparin from the vena cava of euthanized C57BL/6 mice using a 3 mL syringe and a 25G needle. The whole blood was spun at 4500 r/min for 20 min at 4 °C, and the supernatant was used for experiments as plasma.
The spectroscopic measurements for the probe data were acquired at 1270 Hz on our original apparatus [9 ]–[12 ]. The ratio of the fifth over the third harmonics of the mNP magnetization was used as a concentration-independent metric [9 ], [10 (link)].
In the second arm of this paper, we tested the sensitivity of a recently introduced spectrometer that measures the magnetization perpendicular to the oscillating applied field. The perpendicular magnetization is induced by applying a small static field perpendicular to the oscillating applied field [20 (link)].
Zhang X., Reeves D., Shi Y., Gimi B., Nemani K.V., Perreard I.M., Toraya-Brown S., Fiering S, & Weaver J.B. (2015). Toward Localized In Vivo Biomarker Concentration Measurements. IEEE transactions on magnetics, 51(2), 1-4.
Publication 2015
Alginate Antibodies Biopharmaceuticals BLOOD Blood Substitutes Calcium, Dietary Calcium chloride Carboxymethylcellulose Cations Cells Dextran Enzymes ferric oxide Heparin Hydrodynamics Hypersensitivity Mice, Inbred C57BL Needles Plasma Saliva Sodium Alginate Spectrum Analysis Staphylococcal Protein A Syringes Tissues Urea Venae Cavae
3
Acute Oral Toxicity Evaluation in Mice
Cited 15 times

Protocol full text hidden due to copyright restrictions

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Publication 2017
Albinism Anesthesia Animals BLOOD Body Weight Carboxymethylcellulose Females Food Formalin Heart Isoflurane Joint Dislocations Mice, House Neck Pregnant Women Punctures Serum
4
Polymicrobial Oral Infection Protocol
Cited 13 times

P. gingivalis FDC 381, T. denticola ATCC 35404, and T. forsythia ATCC 43037 were used in this study and were routinely cultured anaerobically at 37°C as described previously [33] (link), [35] (link). Bacterial concentration was determined and cells were resuspended in reduced transport fluid (RTF) at 1010 cells per mL [35] (link). For topical oral polymicrobial infection, P. gingivalis was mixed with an equal quantity of T. denticola for 5 min; subsequently, T. forsythia was added to the culture tubes containing P. gingivalis and T. denticola, and cells were mixed thoroughly and allowed to interact for an additional 5 min. P. gingivalis, T. denticola, and T. forsythia were then mixed with an equal volume of 4% (w/v) sterile carboxymethylcellulose (CMC; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), and this mixture was used for oral infection (5×109 bacteria per mL) in ApoEnull mice as described previously [35] (link).
Rivera M.F., Lee J.Y., Aneja M., Goswami V., Liu L., Velsko I.M., Chukkapalli S.S., Bhattacharyya I., Chen H., Lucas A.R, & Kesavalu L.N. (2013). Polymicrobial Infection with Major Periodontal Pathogens Induced Periodontal Disease and Aortic Atherosclerosis in Hyperlipidemic ApoEnull Mice. PLoS ONE, 8(2), e57178.
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Publication 2013
Bacteria Carboxymethylcellulose Cells Coinfection Forsythia Infection Mus Phosphates Saline Solution Sterility, Reproductive
5
Screening Cellulase-Producing Microorganisms
Cited 13 times
The medium used for the second screening step using the Congo red test was similar to that described above (Section 2.2), except that the carbon source was low viscosity carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) (Sigma, USA). Only those strains that showed substantial growth in the initial screening with Avicel were selected for the Congo red test. Inoculation was carried out by using a platinum needle to transfer the spores from the PDA plate to the center of the plates containing the CMC medium [18 ]. The inoculated plates were incubated for 96 h at 30°C and the growth of the microorganism was measured by the diameter of the colony. A 10 mL aliquot of Congo red dye (2.5 g·L−1) was then added to each plate. After 15 min, the solution was discarded and the cultures were washed with 10 mL of 1 mol·L−1 NaCl. Cellulase production was indicated by the appearance of a pale halo with orange edges, indicative of areas of hydrolysis. This halo was measured for subsequent calculation of the enzymatic index (EI) using the expression:
EI=diameter  of  hydrolysis  zonediameter  of  colony.
The strains that showed an EI higher than 1.50 were considered to be potential producers of cellulases. Three independent experiments were performed for this screening step, with two replicates per strain. For each strain the average EI of the three experiments was calculated, together with the standard deviation.
Florencio C., Couri S, & Farinas C.S. (2012). Correlation between Agar Plate Screening and Solid-State Fermentation for the Prediction of Cellulase Production by Trichoderma Strains. Enzyme Research, 2012, 793708.
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Publication 2012
Avicel Carbon Carboxymethylcellulose Cellulase Cellulases Enzymes Hydrolysis Needles Platinum Sodium Chloride Spores Strains Vaccination Viscosity

Most recents protocols related to «Carboxymethylcellulose»

1
Functionalized Metallic Nanofiber Composition
Not available on PMC !

Example 16

    • A composition comprising:
    • about 0.01% to 3.0% of a plurality of functionalized metallic nanofibers;
    • a first solvent comprising about 2.5% to 28% 1-butanol, ethanol, 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol, acetic acid, 2-propanol (isopropyl alcohol or IPA), 1-methoxy-2-propanol, diethylene glycol, or mixtures thereof;
    • a viscosity modifier, resin, or binder comprising about 0.05% to 5.0% cellulose resin such as hydroxy methylcellulose, methylcellulose, ethyl cellulose, propyl methylcellulose, methoxy cellulose, methoxy methylcellulose, methoxy propyl methylcellulose, hydroxy propyl methylcellulose, carboxy methylcellulose, hydroxy ethylcellulose, ethyl hydroxyl ethylcellulose, or mixtures thereof;
    • a second solvent comprising about 5% to 50% of n-propanol, 2-propanol, propylene glycol, or diethylene glycol, or mixtures thereof; and
    • with the balance comprising a third solvent such as 1-methoxy-2-propanol, cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone, cyclopentanol, butyl lactone, or mixtures thereof.

US11866827B2. Metallic nanofiber ink, substantially transparent conductor, and fabrication method (2024-01-09). NthDegree Technologies Worldwide Inc. [US]. Inventors: Mark David Lowenthal [US], Mark Lewandowski [US], Jeffrey Baldridge [US], Lixin Zheng [US], David Michael Chesler [US].
Full text: Click here
Patent 2024
1-hexanol 1-Propanol Acetic Acid Butanols Carboxymethylcellulose Cellulose Cyclohexanol cyclohexanone cyclopentanol cyclopentanone diethylene glycol Ethanol ethyl cellulose Hydroxyl Radical Hypromellose Isopropyl Alcohol Lactones Metals methoxyisopropanol Methylcellulose n-pentanol Propylene Glycol Resins, Plant Solvents Viscosity
2
Endoglucanase Activity Quantification
The endoglucanase (EG) activity
was assessed by measuring the release of reducing sugars in a reaction
mixture containing the crude extract and carboxymethyl cellulose (0.5%
w/v) as a substrate in 50 mM Na acetate buffer (pH 5) at 50 °C
for 60 min (T. reesei) or 120 min (T. atroviride).27 (link) The
reducing sugars released were determined using the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic
acid (DNS) method. One unit (U) of endoglucanase activity was defined
as the amount of enzymes that released 1 μmol of glucose equimolar
per minute under the assay conditions27 (link) and normalized by grams of the fermented substrate (U/g).
Bulgari D., Alias C., Peron G., Ribaudo G., Gianoncelli A., Savino S., Boureghda H., Bouznad Z., Monti E, & Gobbi E. (2023). Solid-State Fermentation of Trichoderma spp.: A New Way to Valorize the Agricultural Digestate and Produce Value-Added Bioproducts. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 71(9), 3994-4004.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2023
Acetate Biological Assay Buffers Carboxymethylcellulose Cellulase Complex Extracts Enzymes Glucose Sugars
3
Fungal Strain Isolation and Characterization
T. reesei RUT-C30 (ATCC 56765) was purchased from ATCC (Manassas, VA) and T. atroviride Ta13 (MUT 6701) was isolated from
wheat seeds (Algeria) and deposited at the Mycotheca Universitatis
Taurinensis (MUT, Turin, Italy).
2,6-Dimethoxyphenol, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic
acid, 4-nitrophenyl butyrate, acetonitrile, bovine serum albumin,
carboxymethyl cellulose, citrate solution, citric acid, formic acid,
malic acid, methanol, Na acetate buffer, Na phosphate buffer, Na phosphate–citrate,
potato dextrose agar, trichloroacetic acid, Tris-HCl buffer, and Triton
X-100 were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany).
Bulgari D., Alias C., Peron G., Ribaudo G., Gianoncelli A., Savino S., Boureghda H., Bouznad Z., Monti E, & Gobbi E. (2023). Solid-State Fermentation of Trichoderma spp.: A New Way to Valorize the Agricultural Digestate and Produce Value-Added Bioproducts. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 71(9), 3994-4004.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2023
4-nitrophenyl butyrate Acetate acetonitrile Agar Buffers Carboxymethylcellulose Citrate Citric Acid formic acid Glucose malic acid Methanol Phosphates Plant Embryos Serum Albumin, Bovine Solanum tuberosum Trichloroacetic Acid Tromethamine
4
Quantification of SARS-CoV-2 Variant Infection
The supernatants were collected from infected cells at indicated time points. The supernatants were ten-fold diluted using growth medium with 2% FBS. After 1h of viral adsorption, virus inoculum was removed. Overlay medium with 1.5% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) for all SARS-CoV-2 variants except for Omicron where 1% CMC was used. The plates were incubated at 37° C for 28 h for omicron and 24 h for all other SARS-CoV-2 variants. After incubation time, cells were fixed with formaldehyde solution followed by permeabilization with IMF buffer for 20 min incubation. Further, cells were stained with anti-spike RBD rabbit polyclonal antibody dilution at a dilution of 1:2000 for 1 h, followed by incubation with secondary antibody i.e., Alexa flour 488-conjugated anti-rabbit antibody at 1:500 dilution for 1 h. For omicron isolate, anti-nucleocapsid primary antibody was used at a dilution of 1:2000. This was followed by incubation with secondary antibody i.e., Alexa flour 488-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG secondary antibody at 1:500 dilution. Fluorescent foci indicating infected cells were observed and counted using AIDiSpot reader using FITC channel.
Singh J., Anantharaj A., Panwar A., Rani C., Bhardwaj M., Kumar P., Chattopadhyay P., Devi P., Maurya R., Mishra P., Pandey A.K., Pandey R, & Medigeshi G.R. (2023). BA.1, BA.2 and BA.2.75 variants show comparable replication kinetics, reduced impact on epithelial barrier and elicit cross-neutralizing antibodies. PLOS Pathogens, 19(2), e1011196.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2023
Adsorption Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic Buffers Carboxymethylcellulose Cells Flour Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Formalin Goat Immunoglobulin G Immunoglobulins Mus Nucleocapsid Rabbits SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant SARS-CoV-2 variants Technique, Dilution Virus
5
SARS-CoV-2 Variant Plaque Assay
Vero E6 cells were used for virus titration by plaque assay method. The supernatants were collected from infected cells at indicated time points. The supernatants were ten-fold diluted using growth medium with 2% FBS. After 1h of viral adsorption, virus inoculum was removed. Overlay medium with 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) was added to the cells. The plates were incubated at 37° C for 48 h for all SARS-CoV-2 variants except omicron where the incubation period was 72 h. After the incubation period, cells were fixed with 3.7% formaldehyde solution followed by incubation for 10 min at room temperature (RT). Cells were stained with crystal violet solution and plaques were observed.
Singh J., Anantharaj A., Panwar A., Rani C., Bhardwaj M., Kumar P., Chattopadhyay P., Devi P., Maurya R., Mishra P., Pandey A.K., Pandey R, & Medigeshi G.R. (2023). BA.1, BA.2 and BA.2.75 variants show comparable replication kinetics, reduced impact on epithelial barrier and elicit cross-neutralizing antibodies. PLOS Pathogens, 19(2), e1011196.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2023
Adsorption Biological Assay Carboxymethylcellulose Cells Formalin Senile Plaques Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus Titrimetry Vero Cells Violet, Gentian Virus

Top products related to «Carboxymethylcellulose»

1
Carboxymethylcellulose by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, India, United Kingdom, Sao Tome and Principe, France, Italy, Singapore, Ireland, Spain, Canada, China, Malaysia, Australia
Carboxymethylcellulose is a water-soluble cellulose derivative used as a thickening agent, stabilizer, and emulsifier in various laboratory applications. It is a white to off-white, odorless, and tasteless powder that can be easily dispersed in water to form a clear, viscous solution.
2
Carboxymethylcellulose cmc by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, Japan
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) is a water-soluble cellulose derivative. It is used as a thickening, suspending, and stabilizing agent in various laboratory applications.
3
Crystal violet by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, China, Japan, United Kingdom, France, Sao Tome and Principe, Italy, Australia, Macao, Spain, Switzerland, Canada, Belgium, Poland, Brazil, Portugal, India, Denmark, Israel, Austria, Argentina, Sweden, Ireland, Hungary
Crystal violet is a synthetic dye commonly used in laboratory settings. It is a dark purple crystalline solid that is soluble in water and alcohol. Crystal violet has a variety of applications in the field of microbiology and histology, including as a staining agent for microscopy and in the gram staining technique.
4
Tween 80 by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, India, Italy, France, Sao Tome and Principe, Spain, Poland, China, Belgium, Brazil, Switzerland, Canada, Australia, Macao, Ireland, Chile, Pakistan, Japan, Denmark, Malaysia, Indonesia, Israel, Saudi Arabia, Thailand, Bangladesh, Croatia, Mexico, Portugal, Austria, Puerto Rico, Czechia
Tween 80 is a non-ionic surfactant and emulsifier. It is a viscous, yellow liquid that is commonly used in laboratory settings to solubilize and stabilize various compounds and formulations.
5
Fetal bovine serum (fbs) by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, China, United Kingdom, Germany, Australia, Japan, Canada, Italy, France, Switzerland, New Zealand, Brazil, Belgium, India, Spain, Israel, Austria, Poland, Ireland, Sweden, Macao, Netherlands, Denmark, Cameroon, Singapore, Portugal, Argentina, Holy See (Vatican City State), Morocco, Uruguay, Mexico, Thailand, Sao Tome and Principe, Hungary, Panama, Hong Kong, Norway, United Arab Emirates, Czechia, Russian Federation, Chile, Moldova, Republic of, Gabon, Palestine, State of, Saudi Arabia, Senegal
Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is a cell culture supplement derived from the blood of bovine fetuses. FBS provides a source of proteins, growth factors, and other components that support the growth and maintenance of various cell types in in vitro cell culture applications.
6
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) by Merck Group
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DMSO is a versatile organic solvent commonly used in laboratory settings. It has a high boiling point, low viscosity, and the ability to dissolve a wide range of polar and non-polar compounds. DMSO's core function is as a solvent, allowing for the effective dissolution and handling of various chemical substances during research and experimentation.
7
Sodium hydroxide (naoh) by Merck Group
Sourced in Germany, United States, India, United Kingdom, Italy, China, Spain, France, Australia, Canada, Poland, Switzerland, Singapore, Belgium, Sao Tome and Principe, Ireland, Sweden, Brazil, Israel, Mexico, Macao, Chile, Japan, Hungary, Malaysia, Denmark, Portugal, Indonesia, Netherlands, Czechia, Finland, Austria, Romania, Pakistan, Cameroon, Egypt, Greece, Bulgaria, Norway, Colombia, New Zealand, Lithuania
Sodium hydroxide is a chemical compound with the formula NaOH. It is a white, odorless, crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water and is a strong base. It is commonly used in various laboratory applications as a reagent.
8
Dulbecco modified eagle medium (dmem) by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, China, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Australia, Canada, Japan, Italy, Switzerland, Belgium, Austria, Spain, Israel, New Zealand, Ireland, Denmark, India, Poland, Sweden, Argentina, Netherlands, Brazil, Macao, Singapore, Sao Tome and Principe, Cameroon, Hong Kong, Portugal, Morocco, Hungary, Finland, Puerto Rico, Holy See (Vatican City State), Gabon, Bulgaria, Norway, Jamaica
DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium) is a cell culture medium formulated to support the growth and maintenance of a variety of cell types, including mammalian cells. It provides essential nutrients, amino acids, vitamins, and other components necessary for cell proliferation and survival in an in vitro environment.
9
Dl920 by Dow
The DL920 is a laboratory equipment product offered by Dow. It serves as a versatile and reliable tool for various scientific applications. The core function of the DL920 is to perform precise measurements and analyses, facilitating the advancement of research and development across multiple industries.
10
Ethanol by Merck Group
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Ethanol is a clear, colorless liquid chemical compound commonly used in laboratory settings. It is a key component in various scientific applications, serving as a solvent, disinfectant, and fuel source. Ethanol has a molecular formula of C2H6O and a range of industrial and research uses.

More about "Carboxymethylcellulose"

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) is a versatile cellulose derivative with a wide range of applications in various industries.
This water-soluble polysaccharide is known for its ability to modify the viscosity and rheological properties of solutions, making it a valuable component in many formulations.
In the food industry, CMC is commonly used as a thickening agent, stabilizer, and emulsifier, helping to improve the texture and shelf-life of products.
It is also utilized in the cosmetics industry, where it serves as a thickener, binder, and suspending agent in lotions, creams, and gels.
Within the pharmaceutical sector, CMC finds applications as a binder, disintegrant, and suspending agent in tablet and capsule formulations.
It can also be used as a coating agent, lubricant, and stabilizer in various drug delivery systems.
The paper and textile industries also benefit from the unique properties of CMC, which can be used as a sizing agent, thickener, and water-retention aid, improving the quality and performance of the final products.
In the oil and gas industry, CMC is employed as a viscosifier and fluid loss control agent in drilling muds and other oilfield applications, enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of these processes.
Researchers can leverage the power of PubCompare.ai to optimize their CMC research protocols, locating the best procedures from literature, preprints, and patents, while leveraging intelligent comparisons to enhance reproducibility and accuracy.
This data-driven approach unlocks the potential of CMC research, enabling more efficient and reliable investigations of this versatile and widely-used material.
When working with CMC, researchers may also encounter related substances like Crystal violet, Tween 80, FBS, DMSO, Sodium hydroxide, DMEM, DL920, and Ethanol, each of which can play a role in various experimental setups and applications.