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Carvone

Carvone is a naturally occurring cyclic monoterpene ketone found in various plant essential oils, such as caraway, dill, and spearmint.
It exhibits a range of biological activities, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, and flavor-enhancing properties.
Researchers studying Carvone can leverage PubCompare.ai to optimize their research protocols, locate the best procedures from literature, preprints, and patents using AI-driven comparisons, and identify the most reproducible and accurate methods.
This data-driven insights can help improve the quality and impact of Carvone research.

Most cited protocols related to «Carvone»

1
Odorant Delivery and Mixture Protocols
Cited 8 times
All odorants (amyl acetate: Aa, ethyl butyrate: Eb, hexanone: Heb) were from Sigma-Aldrich. As odorant stimuli, we used the following mixtures: amyl acetate/air 60%/40%, ethyl butyrate/air 60%/40%, 3-hexanone 60%/40%, amyl acetate/ethyl butyrate 60%/40% and 40%/60%, 3-hexanone/ethyl butyrate 60%/40% and 40%/60%. Each stimulus was repeated 9 and 5 times for anesthetized and awake mice datasets respectively. To test the impact of the number of repetitions for each stimulus (see below), we acquired another dataset and used 8 different stimuli, each applied individually 20 times (Fig. S1). All are monomolecular odorants evoking different percept, at least in Humans: amyl acetate, methyl benzoate, ethyl butyrate, geraniol, carvone−(+), carvone−(−), octanal, 3-hexanone.
Four milliliters of pure monomolecular odorant were placed in glass vials. Odorants were delivered for 2 seconds through a custom made olfactometer as described previously [22] (link), [57] (link). The odorant onset was set to arrive during an animal's expiration. An air flow passed through the vials containing the odorants and was further diluted 20 times with clean dry air before being sent to the nose. All mixtures were performed by gas mixing, varying the relative flow of independent stream of odorized air. Because odors were delivered ∼1 cm away from the animal's nose, these values overestimate concentrations actually reaching the nasal cavity. The total flow was constant (0.4 l/min). To maintain a stable odor concentration during the entire stimulus application, we ensured that flows were stationary with a 5 s preloading before the odorant was delivered.
Gschwend O., Beroud J, & Carleton A. (2012). Encoding Odorant Identity by Spiking Packets of Rate-Invariant Neurons in Awake Mice. PLoS ONE, 7(1), e30155.
Publication 2012
3-hexanone amyl acetate caprylic aldehyde carvone ethyl butyrate geraniol Homo sapiens methyl benzoate Mice, House Nasal Cavity Neoplasm Metastasis Nose Odorants Odors
2
Delayed-Response Odor Discrimination Task
Cited 5 times

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Publication 2013
Adult carvone EPOCH protocol Forehead Light Movement Mus Obstetric Delivery Odors Oil, Mineral Phytolacca americana Polyethylene Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma Premature Birth Syringes Technique, Dilution
3
Odorant Dilution and Preparation
Cited 4 times
Odorants were purchased from Sigma Aldrich at highest purity or at purity >99%. Each odorant was diluted in mineral oil (MO) and placed in odor vials or loaded onto syringe-top filters. Odorants used in this study include: amyl acetate (AA), 2-hexanone (HXO), hexanal (HXH), heptanal (HPH), methyl valerate (MVE), isoamylamine (IAMM), 2-methylbutyric acid (2-MBA), methyl caproate (MCE), S-(+)-Carvone (+Car), R-(−)-Carvone (−Car) and mouse urine freshly collected on the day of experiments.
Qiu Q., Scott A., Scheerer H., Sapkota N., Lee D.K., Ma L, & Yu C.R. (2014). Automated Analyses of Innate Olfactory Behaviors in Rodents. PLoS ONE, 9(4), e93468.
Publication 2014
2-methylbutyric acid 9-(2-methylbenzyl)adenine amyl acetate carvone heptanal isoamylamine methyl caproate Methyl n-Butyl Ketone Mice, House n-hexanal Odorants Odors Oil, Mineral Syringes Urine Valerates
4
Numerical Simulation of Nasal Airflow
Cited 4 times
Pre- and post-surgical three-dimensional numerical nasal models suitable for numerical simulation of nasal airflow were constructed for the patient based on his corresponding CT scans following the method described by Zhao et al. (Zhao, Scherer, Hajiloo, and Dalton, 2004 (link);Zhao, Pribitkin, Cowart, Rosen, Scherer, and Dalton, 2006 (link)). The CT images of the patient were obtained from the medical imaging center at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital (Philadelphia, PA) using a Philips Mx view 8000 scanner (slice thickness =1 mm, field of view=20 cm, kVp=120, and mA=117) with a resolution of 512×512 pixel per image and a pixel size of 0.3906 mm2.
To reconstruct each three-dimensional nasal model, first the interface between the nasal mucosa and the air was delineated (using AMIRA®) in the CT scans (see Figure 1). Then, the nasal cavity air space was filled with tetrahedral elements (ICEMCFD®). A finer mesh (prism layer) was created near the mucosal surface to more accurately resolve the rapidly changing near-wall air velocity profile (see Figure 1). Although mesh independence was not directly examined in this study, it was considered in previous work (Zhao, Scherer, Hajiloo, and Dalton, 2004 (link)). The current study followed the exact same meshing protocol of our previous study and the final mesh sizes are in the range of 1.7-1.9 million for pre- and post-surgery models, which were shown to be sufficient to accurately capture the flow phenomena of interest. Figure 2a shows the surfaces of the reconstructed pre-surgery nasal cavity model, displayed in different colors to distinguish the main nasal cavity from different sinuses.
Next, inspiratory and expiratory quasi-steady laminar nasal airflow (Keyhani, Scherer, and Mozell, 1997 (link);Zhao, Scherer, Hajiloo, and Dalton, 2004 (link);Zhao, Dalton, Yang, and Scherer, 2006 (link)) at resting breathing condition were simulated (Fluent©, Fluent Inc, USA) by applying a physiologically realistic pressure drop of 15 Pascal between the nostrils and the nasopharynx. The assumption of quasi-steady state laminar nasal airflow in the nasal cavity has been found to be appropriate for up to twice the resting breathing rate (Hahn, Scherer, and Mozell, 1993 (link);Keyhani, Scherer, and Mozell, 1995 (link)). Nasal airflow becomes transitional or turbulent at higher flow rates, especially during sniffing. However, for most patients, including this subject, their symptoms manifest at quiet breathing state. Thus, in this study, we limited our simulation to quiet restful breathing flow rate.
Several post processing analysis techniques allowed for the comparison of pre- and post-operative nasal airflow patterns and odorant delivery rates. Airflow rates were calculated by a surface integration of air velocity over the inlet and outlet planes (nostrils and nasopharynx). Contour plots of airflow velocity magnitude were generated on the same coronal cross sections on both pre- and post-surgery models. Airflow streamlines were generated by numerically releasing neutrally buoyant particles across the inlets (external naris for inhalation and nasopharynx for exhalation) and tracing the particle path. Wall surface shear stress and odorant (l-carvone) uptake flux to the mucosa in the olfactory cleft were also computed based on the airflow simulation results. l-carvone was chosen due to its high mucosa absorptive rate, the uptake flux of which was previously reported to be highly susceptible to local airflow changes (Kurtz, Zhao, Hornung, and Scherer, 2004 (link);Zhao, Dalton, Yang, and Scherer, 2006 (link)). The boundary condition for odorant uptake at the air/mucus interface is defined as:
∂C′∂y′+KC′=0 (1) with
K=dinDmDaβHm , where C′ is the normalized l-carvone concentration, din is the hydraulic diameter (4×cross-sectional area / perimeter) of the nostril, Dm and Da are the odorant diffusion coefficient in mucus and in air respectively, β is the air/mucus odorant partition coefficient (defined as the ratio of odorant concentration in air phase to the concentration in mucus at the air/mucus interface), Hm is the thickness of the mucus layer and also the length of the path through which odorant molecules diffuse. Further details and validation of these parameters can be found in (Kurtz, Zhao, Hornung, and Scherer, 2004 (link)).
Zhao K., Malhotra P., Rosen D., Dalton P, & Pribitkin E.A. (2014). Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) as surgical planning tool: a pilot study on middle turbinate resection. Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007), 297(11), 2187-2195.
Publication 2014
carvone Dental Caries Diffusion Exhaling Expiratory Airflow Inhalation Mucous Membrane Mucus Nasal Cavity Nasal Mucosa Nasopharynx Nose Obstetric Delivery Odorants Operative Surgical Procedures Patients Perimetry Post Technique Pressure prisma Respiratory Rate REST protein, human Sense of Smell Sinuses, Nasal Surgical Procedure, Nasal X-Ray Computed Tomography
5
Reward Expectation Violation in Mice
Cited 4 times

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Publication 2015
1-hexanol 4-cymene Animals Body Weight Butyl Alcohol carvone ethyl butyrate Eugenol Face Head isoamyl acetate Menstruation Disturbances Mice, Laboratory Odors paraffin oils Technique, Dilution

Most recents protocols related to «Carvone»

1
Synthesis of L-Carvone-based Intermediate 3
A mixture of L-carvone 4-methyl-thiosemicarbazone 2 (16.8 g, 70.8 mmol) and sodium ethoxide (4.87 g, 71.6 mmol) in anhydrous ethanol (150 mL) was stirred at room temperature, and then ethyl bromoacetate (11.9 g, 71.3 mmol) was poured into the solution under continuous stirring. The reaction mixture was heated to reflux and kept for 4 h. After that, the reaction mixture was cooled down to room temperature, and the resulting precipitate was filtered out to obtain L-carvone-based intermediate 3 as a white solid with a yield of 93.0%.
Li B., Duan W., Lin G., Ma X., Wen R, & Zhang Z. (2024). An Effective and Promising Strategy for Plant Protection: Synthesis of L-Carvone-Based Thiazolinone–Hydrazone/Nanochitosan Complexes with Antifungal Activity and Sustained Releasing Performance. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(9), 4595.
Publication 2024
2
Synthesis of L-Carvone Thiosemicarbazone
To a mixture of 4-methyl-thiosemicarbazide (5.26 g, 50.0 mmol) and ethanol (30 mL), a solution of L-carvone (9.00 g, 59.9 mmol) in anhydrous ethanol (15 mL) was added dropwise at room temperature, followed by the injection of a few drops of HCl (5 wt%). Subsequently, the reaction mixture was refluxed for 8 h, and the reaction process was monitored by TLC. Upon completion of the reaction, the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation, and then the resulting residue was further purified by column chromatography (PE:EA = 5:1, v/v) to obtain L-carvone 4-methyl-thiosemicarbazone 2 as a white solid with a yield of 62.8%.
Li B., Duan W., Lin G., Ma X., Wen R, & Zhang Z. (2024). An Effective and Promising Strategy for Plant Protection: Synthesis of L-Carvone-Based Thiazolinone–Hydrazone/Nanochitosan Complexes with Antifungal Activity and Sustained Releasing Performance. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(9), 4595.
Publication 2024
3
Synthesis of L-Carvone-based Thiadiazole Derivative
L-Carvone chloride 5 was prepared according to the literature [8 (link),25 (link)]. To a mixture of 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol (2.00 g, 15.0 mmol) and potassium hydroxide (0.89 g, 15.9 mmol) in ethanol (20 mL) and water (5 mL), a solution of L-carvone chloride 5 (2.59 g, 14.0 mmol) in ethanol (10 mL) was added dropwise, and then the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (30 mL × 3), and the combined organic layer was washed with a saturated sodium chloride solution (30 mL). The organic layer was separated out and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain L-carvone-based 1,3,4-thiadiazole-amine as a crude product.
The obtained crude product of L-carvone-based 1,3,4-thiadiazole-amine was re-dissolved in DCM (25 mL), and chloroacetyl chloride (1.12 g, 9.92 mmol) was injected into the solution. The reaction mixture was kept for stirring at room temperature and monitored by TLC until the reaction was completed. Subsequently, the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuum, and the residue was further purified by column chromatography (PE:EA = 5:1, v/v) to obtain L-carvone-based 1,3,4-thiadiazole-amide intermediate 6 as a white powder with a yield of 71.6%.
Li B., Duan W., Lin G., Ma X., Wen R, & Zhang Z. (2024). An Effective and Promising Strategy for Plant Protection: Synthesis of L-Carvone-Based Thiazolinone–Hydrazone/Nanochitosan Complexes with Antifungal Activity and Sustained Releasing Performance. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(9), 4595.
Publication 2024
4
Synthesis of L-Carvone Derivatives
L-Carvone-based intermediate 3 (1.67 g, 6.00 mmol), aryl aldehyde (7.00 mmol), and potassium hydroxide (0.34 g, 6.06 mmol) were mixed and dissolved in anhydrous ethanol (20 mL). The reaction mixture was continuously stirred and refluxed for 6 h. Upon completion of the reaction, the mixture was left to cool, and a vast amount of yellow powder was precipitated. The precipitate was filtered and washed with anhydrous ethanol several times to afford target compounds 4a~4y as yellow powders with yields of 77.4~91.6%.
Li B., Duan W., Lin G., Ma X., Wen R, & Zhang Z. (2024). An Effective and Promising Strategy for Plant Protection: Synthesis of L-Carvone-Based Thiazolinone–Hydrazone/Nanochitosan Complexes with Antifungal Activity and Sustained Releasing Performance. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(9), 4595.
Publication 2024
5
Synthesis of L-Carvone-based Nanochitosan Carrier
According to the literature [39 (link)], chitosan powder (0.60 g) was dispersed in DCM (40 mL), followed by the dropwise addition of a mixture of L-carvone-based 1,3,4-thiadiazole-amide intermediate 6 (1.03 g, 2.88 mmol), triethylamine (0.13 g), and DCM (10 mL). The reaction mixture was continuously stirred for 16 h. Then, the resulting powder was filtered out, washed with DCM, and dried in an oven at a temperature of 60 °C to obtain L-carvone-based nanochitosan carrier 7 bearing the 1,3,4-thiadiazole-amide group.
Li B., Duan W., Lin G., Ma X., Wen R, & Zhang Z. (2024). An Effective and Promising Strategy for Plant Protection: Synthesis of L-Carvone-Based Thiazolinone–Hydrazone/Nanochitosan Complexes with Antifungal Activity and Sustained Releasing Performance. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(9), 4595.
Publication 2024

Top products related to «Carvone»

1
Carvone by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, China, Switzerland
Carvone is a naturally occurring organic compound that is used in various laboratory and research applications. It is a colorless liquid with a distinct minty aroma. Carvone is primarily used as a reference standard and a precursor in organic synthesis.
2
R carvone by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany
R-carvone is a chiral compound that functions as a flavor and fragrance ingredient. It is a colorless liquid with a characteristic spearmint-like aroma. R-carvone is widely used in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.
3
Linalool by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom, China, Spain, France, Brazil, Switzerland, Poland, Australia, Hungary, Belgium, Sao Tome and Principe
Linalool is a naturally occurring terpene alcohol found in various plant species. It is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a floral, citrus-like aroma. Linalool is commonly used as a fragrance ingredient in personal care products and as a flavoring agent in food and beverages. Its core function is as a chemical precursor and intermediate in the synthesis of other compounds.
4
L carvone by Merck Group
Sourced in United States
L-carvone is a chemical compound used in laboratory settings. It is a naturally occurring terpene found in various plant essential oils. L-carvone serves as a precursor for the synthesis of other organic compounds and is utilized in the analysis and identification of various substances.
5
Geraniol by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Brazil, Italy, Macao, China, India, Belgium, France
Geraniol is a naturally occurring alcohol compound commonly found in the essential oils of various plant species, such as geraniums, lemongrass, and citronella. It is a colorless or pale yellow liquid with a floral, rose-like aroma. Geraniol is used as a fragrance component in personal care products and as a flavoring agent in food and beverage applications.
6
Limonene by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom, Spain, Mexico, China, Brazil, Switzerland, Canada, Czechia
Limonene is a naturally occurring hydrocarbon found in the rinds of citrus fruits. It is commonly used as a solvent in laboratory settings due to its ability to dissolve a wide range of organic compounds.
7
α pinene by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom, Spain, Brazil, Canada, Switzerland, France, Sao Tome and Principe, Japan, Poland, India
α-pinene is a naturally occurring organic compound that is commonly used in laboratory settings. It is a bicyclic monoterpene with the molecular formula C₁₀H₁₆. α-pinene serves as a versatile starting material for various chemical reactions and synthesis processes.
8
Citral by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom, Macao, Sao Tome and Principe, India, Spain, Hungary, China
Citral is a colorless, oily liquid that is commonly used as a flavoring and fragrance ingredient. It is a naturally occurring compound found in various plant oils, such as lemongrass and citrus fruits. Citral is a key component in the production of various chemicals and is widely used in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.
9
γ terpinene by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Italy, Germany, United Kingdom, Sao Tome and Principe
γ-terpinene is a naturally occurring organic compound classified as a monoterpene. It functions as a precursor for the synthesis of various chemical compounds used in various industrial and research applications.
10
Eugenol by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, Spain, Italy, France, United Kingdom, India, China, Brazil, Portugal, Sao Tome and Principe, Poland, Belgium, Canada, Israel, Australia
Eugenol is a clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid organic compound. It is the primary chemical component of clove oil, and is also found in various other essential oils. Eugenol has a characteristic aroma and is commonly used as a fragrance and flavoring agent.

More about "Carvone"

Carvone is a naturally occurring cyclic monoterpene ketone found in various plant essential oils, such as caraway, dill, and spearmint.
It is also known as R-carvone and L-carvone, depending on its stereoisomeric form.
Carvone exhibits a range of biological activities, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, and flavor-enhancing properties.
Researchers studying Carvone can leverage PubCompare.ai to optimize their research protocols, locate the best procedures from literature, preprints, and patents using AI-driven comparisons, and identify the most reproducible and accurate methods.
This data-driven insights can help improve the quality and impact of Carvone research.
Carvone is closely related to other terpenes and terpenoids found in essential oils, such as Linalool, Geraniol, Limonene, α-pinene, Citral, and γ-terpinene.
These compounds share similar structural features and often exhibit overlapping biological effects, making them an interesting area of study for researchers interested in natural product chemistry and bioactivity.
By utilizing the insights gained from PubCompare.ai, researchers can optimize their Carvone studies, identify the most effective methods, and contribute to the growing body of knowledge around this fascinating natural compound and its potential applications.
Eugenol is another related compound that shares some structural and functional similarities with Carvone and may be worth exploring in the context of Carvone research.