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Chalcone

Chalcones are a class of naturally occuring compounds with a distinctive 1,3-diarylpropene skeleton.
They exhibit a wide range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties.
Chalcones are of interest for their potential therapeutic applications, as well as their importance as precursors in the biosynthesis of other flavonoids.
This MeSH term provides a comprehensive overview of the chemical structure, biological activities, and research applications of chalcones to assist researchers in their explorations of this versatile family of compounds.

Most cited protocols related to «Chalcone»

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Publication 2008
Anabolism Artemisia dracunculus Capmul MCM capryol-90 Chalcone Cyclodextrins Freezing Labrafil M 1944 CS Labrasol Plants
Cell viability was determined by 2,3-bis[2-methoxy-4-nitro- 5-sulfophenyl]-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide inner salt (XTT) assay (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Mannheim, Germany). Cells seeded at the concentration of 1,000 per well in 100 µL medium in 96-well plate were treated with chalcone-based derivatives at specified concentrations. After the indicated periods, the cells were incubated according to the manufacturer's protocol with the XTT labeling mixture for 4 hours. Formazan dye was quantified using a spectrophotometric plate reader to measure the absorbance at 450 nm (ELISA reader 190; Molecular Devices, Sunnyvale, CA). All experiments were done in triplicate.
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Publication 2011
Biological Assay Cells Cell Survival Chalcone derivatives Diagnosis Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Formazans Medical Devices Spectrophotometry Tetrazolium Salts
Keratinocytes were collected, washed, and counted in a hemocytometer. A total of 2.5 × 105 cells/mL were plated on RPMI plus 2% FBS in 250 mL tissue culture flasks and cultured for 24 h at 37°C in 5% CO2. The T. rubrum solution (1 × 107 conidia/mL) was grown in 5 mL liquid Sabouraud medium for 7 h under gentle shaking. The keratinocyte culture was recovered by centrifugation, washed in saline, and resuspended in RPMI plus 2% FBS. The conidia solution and 0.288 μM trans-chalcone or 4.32 μM α-solanine or 0.0162 μM terbinafine were added to the keratinocyte cultures and incubated for 24 h at 37°C in 5% CO2. One control and one coculture flask per treatment were reserved for staining with May-Grünwald and Giemsa for verification of infection. Fungi and human cells were recovered by scraping and centrifuged at 1,730 g for 10 min. RNA was prepared directly from the recovered cells as described in the next item.
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Publication 2015
Cells Centrifugation Chalcone Coculture Techniques Conidia Fungi Homo sapiens Infection Keratinocyte Saline Solution Solanine Stain, Giemsa Terbinafine Tissues
All cell lines were grown in RPMI 1640 (PAN-Biotech P04-16500) supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal calf serum (FCS; PAN-Biotech), penicillin/streptomycin (PAN-Biotech) (thereafter designated as RPMI-based medium) and cultivated at 37°C under 5% CO2 in a humidified incubator. K562 cells (a kind gift from Daniela Männel, University of Regensburg, Germany; [62] (link)) were maintained in RPMI-based medium. The non-tumorigenic immortalized interleukin-3 (IL-3)-dependent mouse pro-B cell line Ba/F3 (a kind gift from Jacqueline Marvel, IFR 128 BioSciences Gerland-Lyon Sud, France; [63] (link)) was grown in RPMI-based medium supplemented with 2 ng/mL rmIL-3 (ImmunoTools). The Ba/F3-1*6 cell line stably expressing the constitutively active mouse STAT5A-1*6 mutant [64] (link) was generated according to German GenTSV (genetic engineering safety regulations; authorization AZ.55.1-8791.7.52) by electroporating Ba/F3 cells with a pcDNA3-based expression vector allowing expression of a mSTAT5A-1*6-FLAG fusion protein. Stably transfected cells were selected in IL-3-free medium in the presence of 500 µg/mL G418 (PAA). Individual IL-3-independent clones were isolated and characterized to verify mSTAT5A-1*6 transgene expression and constitutive activity, as originally described [64] (link). Clone Ba/F3-1*6 F7 was used for this study. Cells were maintained in RPMI-based medium supplemented with 500 µg/mL G418.
For cytokine stimulation of Ba/F3 cells, cells were washed twice in RPMI 1640 and rested in RPMI-based medium for 12 hours before addition of 5 ng/mL IL-3. Duration of IL-3 stimulation was contingent upon the downstream assay, as indicated in the figure legends. For chalcone and other inhibitor treatments, Ba/F3 cells were incubated with compounds or DMSO (vehicle) for 30 minutes prior to cytokine stimulation. Ba/F3-1*6 and K562 cells were treated for 60–90 minutes with the various compounds or DMSO (vehicle), as indicated. With the exception of cell viability assays (see below), all experiments were performed in the presence of equal amounts of DMSO.
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Publication 2014
antibiotic G 418 Biological Assay Cell Lines Cells Cell Survival Chalcone Clone Cells Cloning Vectors Cytokine Interleukin-3 Interleukin-5 Interleukins K562 Cells Mus Neoplastic Cell Transformation Penicillins Pro-B Lymphocytes Proteins Safety STAT5A protein, human Streptomycin Sulfoxide, Dimethyl Transgenes
Confocal microscopy was used to evaluate the damage to the cell wall caused by 2-chalcone, using fluorochrome Calcofluor White (Thermo Fisher Scientific) and T. rubrum ATCC 28189. Fungal suspensions were prepared at a concentration of 1 × 106 cells/mL and added to 24-well plates containing sterile coverslips, along with sub-inhibitory doses of 2-chalcone (7.8 mg/L). After the incubation period (35°C, for 96 hours), the supernatant was removed and the coverslips were washed with PBS. The coverslips were covered with Calcofluor White solution (100 mg/L), and the plates were incubated again at 37°C, for 45 minutes, protected from light. Then, the coverslips were washed with PBS, removed from the wells, and mounted on 4 μL of Fluoromount-G (Sigma-Aldrich), which was previously deposited on microscopic slides. The slides were then observed using a confocal microscope (Carl Zeiss LSM 800 with Airyscan) with an image capture and processing program (Software ZEN BLUE 2.3 System) at the Faculty of Dentistry, UNESP-Araraquara, Brazil (Curcio et al., 2017 (link); Oliveira et al., 2020 (link)).
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Publication 2021
calcofluor white Cells Cell Wall Chalcone Faculty Fluorescent Dyes Light Microscopy Microscopy, Confocal Psychological Inhibition Sterility, Reproductive

Most recents protocols related to «Chalcone»

In this study, adult male Wistar rats weighing 250-300 g were purchased from the Pasteur Institute of Iran. They were kept under suitable environmental conditions with a temperature of 22±2°C, 50% humidity, and a 12-h light/dark cycle with free access to water and food. After a one-week adaptation period, the rats were randomly divided into 5 groups of six rats each (control, model, EXP1, EXP2, and EXP3) (Table 1).
For stereotactic surgery, the rats were first weighed and then anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of ketamine (100 mg/kg) and xylazine (20 mg/kg). The animal was fixed to the device and then a longitudinal incision was made in the posterior part of the skull, according to the Paxinos and Watson Rat Brain Atlas (AP=-4.2, ML=3, DV=3.5) (12 ). A mixture of insulin fibril and trans-chalcone was injected according to Table 1 with a Hamilton syringe. The injection rate was 0.5 μg/min (13 (link)). At the end of the third week after surgery, all groups underwent behavioral tests related to learning and memory.
The experimental protocol was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the Science and Research Branch at the Islamic Azad University (Tehran, Iran). The research was performed according to Guidelines of the National Institutes of Health on the principles of laboratory animal care (NIH Publication No. 80-23, revised in 1980).
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Publication 2023
Acclimatization Adult Animal Ethics Committees Animals Animals, Laboratory Behavior Test Brain Chalcone Cranium Food Humidity Injections, Intraperitoneal Insulin Ketamine Males Medical Devices Memory Operative Surgical Procedures Rats, Wistar Syringes XPO1 protein, human Xylazine
Silibinin, trans-chalcone (benzylideneacetophenone), thioflavin S, and Congo red were purchased from Sigma (USA). Regular insulin was purchased from EXIR Pharmaceutical Company (Iran). Chloroform, monopotassium phosphate (KH2PO4), potassium phosphate (KH2PO), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Merck (Germany).
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Publication 2023
Chalcone Chloroform Insulin Pharmaceutical Preparations potassium phosphate potassium phosphate, monobasic Silybin Sulfoxide, Dimethyl thioflavin S
Initially, insulin solution was prepared with a final concentration of 0.5 mg/mL in phosphate buffer (50 mM, pH 7.4) in the presence or absence of 1 mM concentration of silibinin and trans-chalcone. The vials containing the insulin samples were then incubated for 24 h at 37°C on a stirrer rotating at 100 rpm (10 (link)). Since the Congo red marker binds specifically to amyloid fibrils, resulting in an increase in λm as well as in absorbance levels, Congo red absorption rate of incubated protein samples was assayed in the absence and presence of silibinin and trans-chalcone (1 mM). To do so, 500 μL of Congo red solution (20 μM in 5 mM potassium phosphate and 150 mM sodium chloride, pH 7.4) plus 25 μL of the sample was poured into a 0.5 mL microtube and filtered using a 2-μM pore syringe filter, then stirred and placed in the laboratory for 10 min until color stabilization. The Congo red absorption spectrum was then recorded at 600-400 nm using the Shimadzu UV-1800 spectrophotometer (11 (link)).
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Publication 2023
Amyloid Fibrils Buffers Chalcone Insulin Phosphates potassium phosphate Proteins Silybin Sodium Chloride Syringes
The brain was removed for histological examination and placed in fixative formalin for 24 h. Next, during the dehydration and clarification steps, the samples were embedded into molten paraffin. Using a microtome (Cambridge Medical Instruments, United Kingdom), 6-micron-thick sections were prepared. The samples were placed on a slide, and then half of the samples were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and the other half with thioflavin S.
The main goal of preparing sections of the hippocampus and staining them was to investigate possible changes in brain tissue and to quantitatively examine the amyloid fibrils formed in the absence and presence of silibinin and trans-chalcone in each section. Five tissue sections in each group were randomly examined microscopically. Since we observed that silibinin performed better than trans-chalcone in the initial tests, both DG and CA1 regions were checked for the former and DG for the latter.
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Publication 2023
Amyloid Fibrils Brain Chalcone Dehydration Eosin Fixatives Formalin Microtomy Paraffin Embedding Seahorses Silybin thioflavine Tissues
Molecular docking was performed using the Autodock Vina software (USA). The molecular structure of silibinin and trans-chalcone was prepared from pubchem (https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) (Figure 1). Then, energy minimization was performed using Avogadro software (https://avogadro.cc) to provide a stable 3D structure. For insulin, two natural (3I40) and denatured (1SF1) structures were fetched from the RCSB protein database (https://www.rcsb.org). First, water molecules in the crystal structure were removed manually. Then, polar hydrogens and Gasteiger charges were added for both ligands and proteins using Autodock Tools software. All rotating bands of the active ligand were considered. Docking was performed blindly, and the search space was considered large enough for the entire protein, as all the protein surface was available to the ligand. The 2D protein-ligand interactions were demonstrated using LIGPLOT software (https://bio.tools). 3D images were also drawn using VMD software (https://www.ks.uiuc.edu).
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Publication 2023
Chalcone Hydrogen Insulin Ligands Membrane Proteins Molecular Structure Proteins Silybin

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Trans-chalcone is a chemical compound used in various laboratory applications. It is a crystalline solid with a characteristic appearance and chemical properties that make it a useful tool for researchers and scientists. The core function of trans-chalcone is to serve as a building block or intermediate in organic synthesis and chemical analysis, though its specific applications may vary depending on the research context.
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DMSO is a versatile organic solvent commonly used in laboratory settings. It has a high boiling point, low viscosity, and the ability to dissolve a wide range of polar and non-polar compounds. DMSO's core function is as a solvent, allowing for the effective dissolution and handling of various chemical substances during research and experimentation.
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The Cytation 3 Cell Imaging Multi-Mode Reader is a laboratory instrument designed for cell imaging and multi-mode detection. It is capable of performing fluorescence, luminescence, and absorbance measurements.
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Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is a cell culture supplement derived from the blood of bovine fetuses. FBS provides a source of proteins, growth factors, and other components that support the growth and maintenance of various cell types in in vitro cell culture applications.
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MTT is a colorimetric assay used to measure cell metabolic activity. It is a lab equipment product developed by Merck Group. MTT is a tetrazolium dye that is reduced by metabolically active cells, producing a colored formazan product that can be quantified spectrophotometrically.
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Quercetin is a natural compound found in various plants, including fruits and vegetables. It is a type of flavonoid with antioxidant properties. Quercetin is often used as a reference standard in analytical procedures and research applications.
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Propidium iodide is a fluorescent dye commonly used in molecular biology and flow cytometry applications. It binds to DNA and is used to stain cell nuclei, allowing for the identification and quantification of cells in various stages of the cell cycle.
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Penicillin/streptomycin is a commonly used antibiotic solution for cell culture applications. It contains a combination of penicillin and streptomycin, which are broad-spectrum antibiotics that inhibit the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

More about "Chalcone"

Chalcones are a class of naturally occurring compounds with a distinctive 1,3-diarylpropene skeleton.
These versatile molecules, also known as trans-chalcones, exhibit a wide range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties.
Researchers are deeply interested in the therapeutic potential of chalcones, as well as their importance as precursors in the biosynthesis of other flavonoids.
The chemical structure of chalcones features two aromatic rings connected by an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl system, which contributes to their diverse biological functions.
These compounds can be found in various plants and have been the subject of extensive research.
Exploring the biological activities of chalcones often involves the use of cell culture techniques, such as the Cytation 3 Cell Imaging Multi-Mode Reader.
Researchers may utilize DMSO as a solvent to dissolve chalcone compounds, and monitor their effects on cell viability using assays like MTT.
The inclusion of FBS (Fetal Bovine Serum) and penicillin/streptomycin in cell culture media can also be important for maintaining healthy cell growth during these experiments.
Another area of interest is the use of chalcones as precursors for the biosynthesis of other flavonoids, such as the well-known compound quercetin.
This highlights the versatility of these molecules and their potential applications in both natural product chemistry and pharmaceutical development.
By understanding the chemical structure, biological activities, and research applications of chalcones, researchers can optimize their explorations of this fascinating family of compounds and uncover new therapeutic possibilities.
The PubCompare.ai platform can be a valuable tool in this process, enabling researchers to locate the best protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, and enhance the reproducibility and accuracy of their chalcone-related studies.