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DAPI

DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) is a fluorescent stain that binds strongly to adenine-thymine (A-T) rich regions in DNA.
It is commonly used in fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry to visualize and quantify cellular nuclei.
DAPI emits blue fluorescence when bound to DNA, allowing for the detection and analysis of DNA content and distribution within cells.
Researchers utilize DAPI staining to study chromatin structure, cell cycle dynamics, and DNA damage respnse, among other applications.
The PubCompare.ai platform provides AI-driven tools to optimize and compare DAPI protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, enhancing reproducibility and research accuracy in DAPI-based studies.

Most cited protocols related to «DAPI»

Systematic Characterization of Mouse Brain

All experimental procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of Allen Institute for Brain Science in accordance with NIH guidelines. All characterization was done using adult mice around ages P56 or older. The mice that were characterized were in a mixed genetic background, containing 50–75% C57BL/6 background and the remainders of 129 or other backgrounds from the various Cre lines. For systematic characterization of fluorescent proteins either by their native fluorescence or IHC, perfused brains were cryosectioned using a tape transfer technique, sections were then DAPI stained directly or following antibody staining, and images were captured using automated fluorescent microscopy. Microtome sections of 100-μm thickness from perfused brains were used for confocal imaging of fluorescently labeled cells. For systematic characterization of gene expression by colorimetric ISH or DFISH, the Allen Institute established pipelines for tissue processing, probe hybridization, image capture and data processing were utilized. Informatics signal identification, mapping, and quantification used the Allen Mouse Brain Atlas spatial mapping platform24 (link), 29 . In this pipeline, image series are preprocessed (white-balanced and cropped), then registered to a three-dimensional informatics reference atlas of the C57BL/6J mouse brain28 . This registration enables data to be displayed in 2D sections or reconstructed 3D volumes.

Madisen L., Zwingman T.A., Sunkin S.M., Oh S.W., Zariwala H.A., Gu H., Ng L.L., Palmiter R.D., Hawrylycz M.J., Jones A.R., Lein E.S, & Zeng H. (2009). A robust and high-throughput Cre reporting and characterization system for the whole mouse brain. Nature neuroscience, 13(1), 133-140.

Publication 2009

Acid Hybridizations, Nucleic Adult Brain Cells Colorimetry DAPI Fluorescence Gene Expression Genetic Background Immunoglobulins Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees Mice, Inbred C57BL Mice, Laboratory Microscopy Microtomy Proteins Tissues

Multispecies Live-Cell Imaging and Analysis

C. crescentus, B. subtilis, A. biprosthecum, Rhodomicrobium sp, and P. hirshii were grown in PYE^{14 (link)} at 30°C. A. tumefaciens, S. venezuelae, L. lactis, were grown in LB^{15 (link)} at 30°C and E. coli was grown in LB^{15 (link)} at 37°C. M. xanthus were grown at 32°C in CYE^{16 (link)}. S. pneumonia were grown at 37°C in THY¹⁷. Rhodopseudomonas palustris CGA009 was grown anaerobically in defined mineral medium (PM)¹⁸ supplemented with 10 mM succinate and incubated at 30°C with constant illumination from a 60 W incandescent light bulb.
Phase and fluorescence time-lapse imaging was performed on a Nikon Ti-E inverted microscope, equipped with a Plan Apo 60×, 1.40 NA, Oil, Ph3 DM objective and 1.5× magnifier. Images were acquired every 5 min, and fluorescent proteins were illuminated with a Lumencor Spectra × light engine equipped with excitation filters 470/24 (GFP), 510/25 (YFP) or 575/25 (mCherry), Chroma emission filters 510/40 (GFP), 545/30 (YFP), 530/60 (mCherry) and either a quad polychroic DAPI/FITC/Cy3/Cy5 or triple polychroic CFP/YFP/mCherry cube for Lumencor SpectraX. Images were acquired using an Andor iXon3 DU885 EM CCD camera driven by NIS Elements Advanced Research software (Nikon, Melville, NY)
Cultures from strain YB4667 CB15::pvan-ftsZ-yfp were grown in PYE medium at 30°C and induced for 2 hours with 0.5 mM vanillic acid to express FtsZ-YFP. Exponentially growing cells from this culture were spotted onto a 0.8 mm thick 1% agarose pad made with PYE medium containing 0.5 mM vanillic acid and timelapse images were acquired every 5 minutes from 16 different slide positions for 54 time points. For cell division inhibition, 30 µg/ml of cephalexin was added to the agarose pad during the imaging period.
For precision assessment of MicrobeJ, Molecular Probes FluoSpheres carboxylate-modified microspheres (F8823), 1± 0.0480 µm lot #1761288 were spotted onto a 1% agarose pad made with deionized water and images were acquired for 30 ms using the same microscope, camera and objective as cells.

Ducret A., Quardokus E.M, & Brun Y.V. (2016). MicrobeJ, a tool for high throughput bacterial cell detection and quantitative analysis. Nature microbiology, 1(7), 16077.

Publication 2016

Apolipoproteins A Cell Culture Techniques Cells Cephalexin DAPI Division, Cell Escherichia coli Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Fluorescence Incandescence Light Medulla Oblongata Microscopy Microspheres Minerals Molecular Probes Pneumonia Proteins Psychological Inhibition Rhodomicrobium Rhodopseudomonas palustris Sepharose Strains Succinate Vanillic Acid

Centrosome Reorientation in Tumor Invasion

The reorientation of the centrosome during tumor invasion was assessed by 2D invasion assay. The two-well culture insert with 0.5 mm gap between wells (ibidi) was placed on a fibronectin-coated glass-bottom dish. SaOS2 cells transfected with the respective siRNAs were plated onto the culture insert and grown to confluent monolayers. After the inserts were removed, the monolayers were washed with PBS and overlaid with Matrigel (BD) diluted 1:20 in PBS, followed by incubation for 4 hr before addition of growth medium. Cells were then cultured for 24 hr to allow invasion toward the space between the monolayers. After fixation with 4% (w/v) paraformaldehyde, cells were stained with antibody to γ-tubulin to visualize the centrosome, and counterstained with DAPI. The percentages of the edge cells in which the centrosome was within the 120° sector emerging from the center of the nucleus and facing toward the space between the monolayers was measured.

Nishita M., Park S.Y., Nishio T., Kamizaki K., Wang Z., Tamada K., Takumi T., Hashimoto R., Otani H., Pazour G.J., Hsu V.W, & Minami Y. (2017). Ror2 signaling regulates Golgi structure and transport through IFT20 for tumor invasiveness. Scientific Reports, 7, 1.

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Publication 2017

Biological Assay Centrosome Cerebellar Nuclei Culture Media DAPI FN1 protein, human Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Immunoglobulins matrigel Neoplasm Invasiveness paraform RNA, Small Interfering Tubulin

Intracellular Labeling of Cortical Neurons

Four 9 month old male mice (C57Bl/SJL) were used. Animals were anesthetized with choral hydrate (15% aqueous solution, i.p.) and were perfused transcardially with 4% paraformaldehyde and 0.125% glutaraldehyde in phosphate buffer saline (PBS; pH 7.4). The brains were then carefully removed from the skull and postfixed for 6 hours. All procedures were conducted in accordance with the National Institute of Health Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals and were approved by the Mount Sinai School of Medicine Institutional Animal Care and Uses Committee.
For intracellular injections, brains were coronally sectioned at 200 µm on a Vibratome (Leica, Nussloch, Germany). The sections were then incubated in 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI; Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA), a fluorescent nucleic acid stain, for 5 minutes, mounted on nitrocellulose filter paper and immersed in PBS. Using DAPI as a staining guide, individual layer II/III pyramidal neurons of the frontal cortex were loaded with 5% Lucifer Yellow (Molecular Probes, Eugene, OR, USA) in distilled water under a DC current of 3–8 nA for 10 minutes, or until the dye had filled distal processes and no further loading was observed [45] (link), [49] (link). Tissue slices were then mounted and coverslipped in Permafluor. Dendritic segment and spine imaging was performed using a Zeiss 410 confocal laser scanning microscope (Zeiss, Thornwood, NY, USA) using a 488 nm excitation wavelength, using a 1.4 N.A. Plan-Apochromat 100× objective with a working distance of 170 µm and a 5× digital zoom. After gain and offset settings were optimized, segments were digitally imaged at 0.1 µm increments, along the optical axis. The confocal stacks were then deconvolved with AutoDeblur (MediaCybernetics, Bethesda, MD, USA).
Supporting Information is available online (Box S1)

Rodriguez A., Ehlenberger D.B., Dickstein D.L., Hof P.R, & Wearne S.L. (2008). Automated Three-Dimensional Detection and Shape Classification of Dendritic Spines from Fluorescence Microscopy Images. PLoS ONE, 3(4), e1997.

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Publication 2008

Animals Animals, Laboratory Brain Buffers Cranium DAPI Dendrites Epistropheus Fingers Glutaral Lobe, Frontal lucifer yellow Males Mice, House Microscopy, Confocal Molecular Probes Nitrocellulose Nucleic Acids paraform Phosphates Protoplasm Pyramidal Cells Saline Solution Stains Tissues Vertebral Column Vision

Quantifying Cell Cycle Protein Levels

Cells were grown on Histogrip (Invitrogen) coated glass coverslips and fixed using ice-cold 100% methanol (β-tubulin) or with 3.7% formaldehyde diluted in PBS with 0.5% Triton X-100 for 10 min (Mad2, pSerCdk, Lamin A/C, Plk1, cyclin B1, and securin). All cells were washed and then blocked (3% BSA, 0,1% Tween 20 in PBS) for 30 min. Cells were incubated with primary antibodies were incubated for 2 h at room temperature in blocking solution. DNA was stained with DAPI. For Lamin A/C staining a Leica DM6000 SP8 confocal with a 63× lens was used. All other images were captured using Leica DM5500 microscope coupled with a Coolsnap HQ2 camera, using a Leica 100× or 40× APO 1.4 lens, powered by Leica LAS AF v3 software. To quantify pSer-CDK, cyclin B and secruin levels in cells, a single in-focus plane was acquired. Using ImageJ (v1.48, NIH), an outline was drawn around each cell and circularity, area, mean fluorescence measured, along with several adjacent background readings. The total corrected cellular fluorescence (TCCF) = integrated density – (area of selected cell × mean fluorescence of background readings), was calculated. This TCCF was then equalized against the mean TCCF of neighboring interphase cells in the same field of view, with results presented as fold increase over interphase levels. Box plots and statistical analysis (2-sided unpaired Student t tests) were performed using GraphPad Prism 5. For all other images, 0.3 µm z-sections were taken, de-convolved, and displayed as 2D maximum projections using ImageJ. False coloring and overlays were performed using Adobe Photoshop CS5 software.

McCloy R.A., Rogers S., Caldon C.E., Lorca T., Castro A, & Burgess A. (2014). Partial inhibition of Cdk1 in G2 phase overrides the SAC and decouples mitotic events. Cell Cycle, 13(9), 1400-1412.

Publication 2014

Antibodies Cells Cold Temperature Cyclin B Cyclin B1 DAPI Fluorescence Formaldehyde Interphase Lens, Crystalline LMNA protein, human Methanol Microscopy PLK1 protein, human prisma PTTG1 protein, human Student Triton X-100 Tubulin Tween 20

Most recents protocols related to «DAPI»

Bioceramic Composition Enhances Cell Adhesion

Not available on PMC !

Example 8

Cell adhesion was also evaluated by means of in vitro scratch wound-healing assay. HDPSCs cells were analyzed by difference in staining with phalloidin (cell nucleus) and DAPI to visualize actin cytoskeleton.

Cell adhesion results showed excellent interaction and adhesion between neighboring cells in the presence of bioceramic composition. The Bioceramic composition sealer (CB5) and Bioceramic composition repair (CB6), showed a gradual increase in growth over time, an extended morphology and a high content of F-Actin (cell microfilamen), reaching confluence after 72 hours of culture.

The analysis of cell proliferation (via cell viability study), apoptosis, cell adhesion and morphology (via cell adhesion study) and migration (via cell migration study) showed very positive results, indicating that the proposed bioceramic composition induces the odonto/osteogenic mineralization and differentiation process in the presence of tooth-specific human stem cells (hDPSCs pulp). While a market resin sealer was also used in the comparative studies, however, all results were not satisfactory for this product.

US11857558B2. Dental and medical compositions having a multiple source of metallic ions (2024-01-02). ANGELUS INDÚSTRIA DE PRODUTOS ODONTOLÓGICOS S/A [BR]. Inventors: César Eduardo Bellinati [BR], Cristiane Vila [BR], William Pereira Dos Santos [BR], Maíra Bendlin Calzavara [BR].

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Patent 2024

Apoptosis Biological Assay Cell Adhesion Cell Nucleus Cell Proliferation Cell Survival DAPI Dental Pulp Differentiations, Cell F-Actin Homo sapiens Microfilaments Migration, Cell Osteogenesis Phalloidine Physiologic Calcification Resins, Plant Stem, Plant Stem Cells Tooth

Personalized PLA for Glioblastoma PDX Samples

Not available on PMC !

Example 7

To perform PLA with PDX samples, the glioblastoma patient derived FFPE samples were used (provided by Samsung Seoul hospital in Seoul, Korea). After FFPE sample were de-paraffinized and performed heat induced antigen retrieval for 15 minutes at 100° C. Slides were blocked with blocking solution provided by Duolink and incubated with rabbit anti-CXCR4 (1:200, Thermoscientific, PA3305), mouse anti-ADRB2 (1:200, Santacruz, Sc-271322), at 37° C. for 1 h in a humidifying chamber. The other process was same as described above (PLA with PDC).

In the FIG. 15A, nuclei were visualized with DAPI staining, and CXCR4-ADRB4 heteromers were stained with PLA as small dots. As shown in FIG. 15B, PLA ratio is different according to the patient and based on this result, indicating that it is possible to perform personalized medicine by the companion diagnostics.

US11857600B2. GPCR heteromer inhibitors and uses thereof (2024-01-02). GPCR THERAPEUTICS, INC. [KR]. Inventors: DongSeung Seen [KR], Eunhee Kim [KR], Jae-Yeon Jeong [KR], Chang Soo Yang [KR], Milim Lee [KR], SoHui Kim [KR], Won-Ki Huh [KR], Yong Bhum Song [KR], Chul O Park [KR], Hyeryung Park [KR], Jiyeong Lee [KR].

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Patent 2024

ADRB2 protein, human Antigens Cell Nucleus Companions CXCR4 protein, human DAPI Diagnosis Glioblastoma Mus Patients Precision Medicine Rabbits

Colocalization of Antibodies in B-cells

Not available on PMC !

Example 4

To determine where 2F2-grafted “humanized” antibodies and antibody variants are delivered upon internalization into the cell, colocalization studies of the anti-CD79b antibodies internalized into B-cell lines may be assessed in Ramos cell lines. LAMP-1 is a marker for late endosomes and lysosomes (Kleijmeer et al., Journal of Cell Biology, 139(3): 639-649 (1997); Hunziker et al., Bioessays, 18:379-389 (1996); Mellman et al., Annu. Rev. Dev. Biology, 12:575-625 (1996)), including MHC class II compartments (MIICs), which is a late endosome/lysosome-like compartment. HLA-DM is a marker for MIICs.

Ramos cells are incubated for 3 hours at 37° C. with 1 μg/ml 2F2-grafted “humanized” antibodies and antibody variants, FcR block (Miltenyi) and 25 μg/ml Alexa647-Transferrin (Molecular Probes) in complete carbonate-free medium (Gibco) with the presence of 10 μg/ml leupeptin (Roche) and 5 μM pepstatin (Roche) to inhibit lysosomal degradation. Cells are then washed twice, fixed with 3% paraformaldehyde (Electron Microscopy Sciences) for 20 minutes at room temperature, quenched with 50 mM NH4Cl (Sigma), permeabilized with 0.4% Saponin/2% FBS/1% BSA for 20 minutes and then incubated with 1 μg/ml Cy3 anti-mouse (Jackson Immunoresearch) for 20 minutes. The reaction is then blocked for 20 minutes with mouse IgG (Molecular Probes), followed by a 30 minute incubation with Image-iT FX Signal Enhancer (Molecular Probes). Cells are finally incubated with Zenon Alexa488-labeled mouse anti-LAMP1 (BD Pharmingen), a marker for both lysosomes and MIIC (a lysosome-like compartment that is part of the MHC class II pathway), for 20 minutes, and post-fixed with 3% PFA. Cells are resuspended in 20 μl saponin buffer and allowed to adhere to poly-lysine (Sigma) coated slides prior to mounting a coverglass with DAPI-containing VectaShield (Vector Laboratories). For immunofluorescence of the MIIC or lysosomes, cells are fixed, permeabilized and enhanced as above, then co-stained with Zenon labeled Alexa555-HLA-DM (BD Pharmingen) and Alexa488-Lamp1 in the presence of excess mouse IgG as per the manufacturer's instructions (Molecular Probes).

Accordingly, colocalization of 2F2-grafted “humanized” antibodies or antibody variants with MIIC or lysosomes of B-cell lines as assessed by immunofluorescence may indicate the molecules as excellent agents for therapy of tumors in mammals, including B-cell associated cancers, such as lymphomas (i.e. Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma), leukemias (i.e. chronic lymphocytic leukemia), and other cancers of hematopoietic cells.

US11866496B2. Humanized anti-CD79B antibodies and immunoconjugates and methods of use (2024-01-09). Genentech, Inc. [US]. Inventors: Yvonne Chen [US], Mark Dennis [US], Kristi Elkins [US], Jagath Reddy Junutula [US], Andrew Polson [US], Bing Zheng [US].

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Patent 2024

Alexa Fluor 647 Anti-Antibodies Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized B-Lymphocytes Buffers Carbonates CD79B protein, human Cell Lines Cells Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cloning Vectors DAPI Electron Microscopy Endosomes Genes, MHC Class II Hematopoietic Neoplasms Immunofluorescence Immunoglobulins Leukemia leupeptin Lymphoma Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin Lysine lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1, human Lysosomes Malignant Neoplasms Mammals Molecular Probes Mus Neoplasms paraform pepstatin Poly A Saponin Therapeutics Transferrin

PNA Uptake Enhancement with 3E10 Complexation

Not available on PMC !

Example 2

Materials and Methods

PNA alone (1 nmole) (MW=9984.39; 29 nucleotides in length), or PNA complexed with 3E10 (0.75 mg), was mixed at room temperature for 5 minutes. 200,000 K562 cells were then added to the suspension of 3E10, or PNA alone, in serum free media. Additional serum free media was added to a final volume of 500 ul. Following incubation with cells at 37° C. for 24 hrs, the cells were centrifuged and washed three times with PBS prior to analysis by flow cytometry.

20,000 U2OS cells were seeded in 8-well chamber slides and allowed to adhere for 24 hours. Cells were subsequently treated with PNA alone (1 nmole), or PNA complexed with 3E10 (10 uM). Following incubation at 37° C. for 24 hrs, PNA or PNA mixed with 3E10 was washed with PBS prior to fixation and nuclear staining PNA uptake was subsequently quantified by flow cytometry and imaged using fluorescent microscopy. The PNA was labeled by attachment to the fluorescent dye, tetramethylrhodamine (TAMRA).

Results

The results are illustrated in flow cytometry dot plots (FIG. 2A-2C). % uptake was quantified (FIG. 2D).

The results show increased uptake of PNA when mixed with 3E10.

Fluorescent microscopy showed co-localization of nuclear DNA (DAPI in blue) and PNA (Tamra in red) evident by the production of a distinct pink hue.

US11872286B2. Compositions and methods for delivery of nucleic acids to cells (2024-01-16). Yale University [US]. Inventors: Elias Quijano [US], Peter Glazer [US].

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Patent 2024

Cells Culture Media, Serum-Free DAPI Flow Cytometry Fluorescent Dyes K562 Cells Microscopy Nucleotides tetramethylrhodamine

Quantifying Checkpoint Inhibitor Expression

Not available on PMC !

Example 2

Experiments to determine expression levels of checkpoint inhibitors: PD-1 and LAG-3 on cells in the experiments described below used the following appropriately fluorescent labeled commercial antibodies (phycoerythrin-cyanine7 (PE-Cy7)-conjugated anti-CD4 [clone SK3] or fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated anti-CD4 [clone RPA-T4], phycoerythrin (PE)-conjugated anti-LAG-3 [clone 3DS223H], phycoerythrin (PE)-conjugated anti-PD-1 [clone EH12.2H7] or allophycocyanin (APC)-conjugated (eBiosciences, or BioLegend)) and the appropriate isotype controls. All antibodies were used at the manufacturer's recommended concentrations. Cell staining was performed in FACS buffer (10% FCS in PBS) on ice for 30 minutes in the dark for the addition of primary antibodies. After two washes, cells were either stained with the appropriate secondary reagent on ice for 30 minutes in the dark or immediately analyzed on a flow cytometer. To exclude dead cells, all samples were co-stained with a viability dye: 7-Aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD) (BD Biosceinces, or BioLegend) or 4′,6-Diamidino-2-Phenylindole, Dihydrochloride (DAPI) (Life Technologies). All samples were analyzed on either a FACS Calibur or Fortessa Flow Cytometer (BD Biosciences) and analyzed using FlowJo Software (TreeStar, Ashland, Oreg.).

US11858991B2. LAG-3-binding molecules and methods of use thereof (2024-01-02). MacroGenics, Inc. [US]. Inventors: Ross La Motte-Mohs [US], Kalpana Shah [US], Douglas H. Smith [US], Leslie S. Johnson [US], Paul A. Moore [US], Ezio Bonvini [US], Scott Koenig [US].

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Patent 2024

7-aminoactinomycin D allophycocyanin Antibodies Buffers Cell Cycle Checkpoints Cells Clone Cells DAPI Flow Cytometry Fluorescein Fluorescent Antibody Technique Immunoglobulin Isotypes inhibitors isothiocyanate Phycoerythrin

Top products related to «DAPI»

4 6 diamidino 2 phenylindole (dapi) by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany, Japan, United Kingdom, China, Italy, Sao Tome and Principe, France, Macao, Canada, Switzerland, Spain, Australia, Denmark, India, Poland, Israel, Belgium, Sweden, Ireland, Netherlands, Panama, Brazil, Portugal, Czechia, Puerto Rico, Austria, Hong Kong, Singapore

DAPI is a fluorescent dye that binds strongly to adenine-thymine (A-T) rich regions in DNA. It is commonly used as a nuclear counterstain in fluorescence microscopy to visualize and locate cell nuclei.

4 6 diamidino 2 phenylindole (dapi) by Thermo Fisher Scientific

Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Japan, China, Canada, Italy, Australia, France, Switzerland, Spain, Belgium, Denmark, Panama, Poland, Singapore, Austria, Morocco, Netherlands, Sweden, Argentina, India, Finland, Pakistan, Cameroon, New Zealand

DAPI is a fluorescent dye used in microscopy and flow cytometry to stain cell nuclei. It binds strongly to the minor groove of double-stranded DNA, emitting blue fluorescence when excited by ultraviolet light.

Triton x 100 by Merck Group

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Triton X-100 is a non-ionic surfactant commonly used in various laboratory applications. It functions as a detergent and solubilizing agent, facilitating the solubilization and extraction of proteins and other biomolecules from biological samples.

4 6 diamidino 2 phenylindole (dapi) by Beyotime

Sourced in China, United States, Germany, Japan, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Puerto Rico

DAPI is a fluorescent dye used in molecular biology and microscopy to stain and visualize DNA. It selectively binds to the minor groove of double-stranded DNA, emitting a blue fluorescence when excited by ultraviolet light. DAPI is commonly used for nuclear staining and counterstaining in various applications such as fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry.

Alexa fluor 488 by Thermo Fisher Scientific

Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Japan, France, Italy, Canada, China, Spain, Switzerland, Denmark, Australia, Hungary, Belgium, Ireland, Israel, Netherlands, Moldova, Republic of, India, Austria, Czechia, Poland

Alexa Fluor 488 is a fluorescent dye used in various biotechnological applications. It has an excitation maximum at 495 nm and an emission maximum at 519 nm, producing a green fluorescent signal. Alexa Fluor 488 is known for its brightness, photostability, and pH-insensitivity, making it a popular choice for labeling biomolecules in biological research.

4 6 diamidino 2 phenylindole (dapi) by Vector Laboratories

Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Germany, Japan, China, Spain, France, Colombia

DAPI is a fluorescent dye used for staining and visualizing DNA in biological samples. It binds to the minor groove of DNA, emitting blue fluorescence when excited by ultraviolet or violet light. DAPI is commonly used in fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry applications.

Bovine serum albumin (bsa) by Merck Group

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Bovine serum albumin (BSA) is a common laboratory reagent derived from bovine blood plasma. It is a protein that serves as a stabilizer and blocking agent in various biochemical and immunological applications. BSA is widely used to maintain the activity and solubility of enzymes, proteins, and other biomolecules in experimental settings.

Fluorescence microscope by Olympus

Sourced in Japan, United States, Germany, China, Italy, United Kingdom, Denmark, Switzerland, France

The Olympus Fluorescence Microscope is an optical microscope that uses fluorescence to visualize and analyze samples. It illuminates the specimen with light of a specific wavelength, causing fluorescent molecules within the sample to emit light at a different wavelength, which is then detected and displayed.

Paraformaldehyde (pfa) by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Italy, France, Macao, Australia, Canada, Sao Tome and Principe, Japan, Switzerland, Spain, India, Poland, Belgium, Israel, Portugal, Singapore, Ireland, Austria, Denmark, Netherlands, Sweden, Czechia, Brazil

Paraformaldehyde is a white, crystalline solid compound that is a polymer of formaldehyde. It is commonly used as a fixative in histology and microscopy applications to preserve biological samples.

Prolong gold antifade reagent with dapi by Thermo Fisher Scientific

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ProLong Gold antifade reagent with DAPI is a mounting medium designed to preserve and protect fluorescent signals in microscopy samples. It contains an antifade agent and the nuclear stain DAPI, which binds to DNA and emits blue fluorescence.

What is DAPI and how is it used in research?

What are some common challenges in using DAPI for research?

One of the main challenges in using DAPI is ensuring optimal staining and consistency across experiments. Factors like DAPI concentration, incubation time, and sample preparation can all impact the quality and reproducibility of DAPI-based results. Additionally, some cell types or tissue samples may have higher autofluorescence or background noise that can interfere with DAPI signal detection.

Are there different variations or types of DAPI that researchers should be aware of?

Yes, there are several variations of DAPI that researchers can choose from, depending on their specific needs. For example, some DAPI derivatives are more cell-permeable or have improved photostability. Researchers should carefully evaluate the properties of different DAPI products to ensure they select the most appropriate one for their experimental setup and goals.

How can PubCompare.ai help researchers optimize and compare DAPI protocols?

PubCompare.ai allows you to more efficiently screen protocol literature and leverage AI to pinpoit critical insights. The platfrom's AI-driven analysis can help researchers identify the most effective DAPI protocols for their specific research goals by highlighting key differences in protocol effectiveness. This enables researchers to choose the best option for reproducibility and accuracy in their DAPI-based studies.

What are some specific applications of DAPI in research?

DAPI is widely used in a variety of research applications, including cell biology, genetics, and molecular biology. Some of the key applications include quantifying DNA content and cell cycle analysis, visualizing chromatin structure and organization, detecting DNA damage, and labeling nuclei in fixed cells or tissues for microscopy. DAPI's ability to bind to A-T rich regions also makes it a useful tool for studying epigenetic modifications and gene expression patterns.

More about "DAPI"

DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) is a widely used fluorescent stain in biological research.
It binds strongly to adenine-thymine (A-T) rich regions in DNA, allowing for the visualization and quantification of cellular nuclei.
DAPI emits a distinctive blue fluorescence when bound to DNA, making it a valuable tool for studying chromatin structure, cell cycle dynamics, and DNA damage response.
Researchers often employ DAPI staining in conjunction with other fluorescent markers, such as Alexa Fluor 488, to achieve multicolor labeling and in-depth analysis of cellular components.
The addition of Triton X-100, a detergent, can enhance the permeability of cell membranes, facilitating the penetration of DAPI and other fluorescent probes.
Bovine serum albumin (BSA) is commonly used as a blocking agent to reduce non-specific binding and improve the signal-to-noise ratio.
Fluorescence microscopy is the primary technique used to visualize and analyze DAPI-stained samples.
Paraformaldehyde is a common fixative used to preserve cellular structures prior to DAPI staining.
The ProLong Gold antifade reagent can be used to mount DAPI-stained samples, protecting the fluorescent signal from photobleaching and enhancing the durability of the preparations.
The PubCompare.ai platform provides AI-driven tools to optimize and compare DAPI protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, empowering researchers to enhance the reproducibility and accuracy of their DAPI-based studies.
By leveraging the power of artificial intelligence, researchers can effortlessly locate and compare DAPI protocols, identify the most effective methods, and streamline their experimental workflows.