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Fentanyl

Fentanyl is a powerful synthetic opioid analgesic that is similar to morphine but is 50 to 100 times more potent.
It is a Schedule II controlled substance that is used as a pain medication and anesthetic.
Fentanyl is also misused and abused, and can lead to overdose and death.
Researchers use fentanyl in various studies, including to investigate its pharmacology, toxicology, and potential therapeutic applications.
PubCompare.ai can help optimize fentanyl research by using AI-driven comparisons to identify the best protocols and products from the literature, preprints, and patents, enhancing reproducibility and accuaracy.

Most cited protocols related to «Fentanyl»

1
Esophageal Manometry and pH Monitoring

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Publication 2018
Antimony Atmospheric Pressure Catheters Conscious Sedation Endoscopes Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal Esophagus Fentanyl Manometry Midazolam Neoplasm Metastasis Pressure Swallows Upper Esophageal Sphincter
2
Evaluation of Dysphagia with HRM and FLIP
Patients presenting to the Esophageal Center of Northwestern for evaluation of dysphagia between November, 2012 and April, 2016 that completed HRM and FLIP during upper endoscopy were prospectively included. Upper endoscopy was completed using sedation with midazolam (2 - 15 mg) and fentanyl (0 - 300 mcg); propofol (in addition to midazolam and fentanyl) was used with anesthesiologist assistance at the discretion of the performing endoscopist in some cases. Patients with previous upper gastrointestinal surgery, significant medical co-morbidities, eosinophilic esophagitis, severe reflux esophagitis (LA-classification C or D), or large hiatal hernia were excluded. Patients were often identified by referral for manometry, thus FLIP was commonly included with the endoscopic evaluation if an esophageal motility disorder was suspected. Enrollment of achalasia patients was prioritized, but limited to 70 patients: 49 of the achalasia patients were previously described.(11 (link)) We intentionally included an excess of achalasia patients to evaluate the diagnostic effectiveness of FLIP topography for this important esophageal motility disorder. Additional clinical evaluation (e.g. barium esophagram) were obtained and management decisions made at the discretion of the primary treating gastroenterologist. The study protocol was approved by the Northwestern University Institutional Review Board.
Carlson D.A., Kahrilas P.J., Lin Z., Hirano I., Gonsalves N., Listernick Z., Ritter K., Tye M., Ponds F.A., Wong I, & Pandolfino J.E. (2016). Evaluation of esophageal motility utilizing the functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP). The American journal of gastroenterology, 111(12), 1726-1735.
Publication 2016
Anesthesiologist Barium Deglutition Disorders Diagnosis Endoscopy Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Esophagitis Esophageal Achalasia Ethics Committees, Research Fentanyl Gastroenterologist Hiatal Hernia Manometry Midazolam Motility Disorders, Esophageal Operative Surgical Procedures Patients Peptic Esophagitis Propofol Sedatives Upper Gastrointestinal Tract
3
Arterial Blood Gas Analysis in Rats

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Publication 2013
Adult Arteries Atmospheric Pressure BLOOD Fentanyl Hydrostatic Pressure Hypoventilation Males Partial Pressure Perfusion Rats, Sprague-Dawley Rattus Respiratory Rate Saline Solution
4
Opioid Prescription Patterns in Chronic Pain

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Publication 2010
acetaminophen - codeine AN 12 Analgesics Butorphanol Clinic Visits Darvon Demerol Dilaudid Drugs, Non-Prescription Duragesic Ethics Committees, Research Fentanyl Hydrocodone Hydromorphone Inpatient Levo-Dromoran Levorphanol Meperidine Methadone Morphine Nalbuphine Nubain Numorphan Opana Opioids Oxycodone Oxycontin Oxymorphone Pain Patients Pentazocine Percocet Propoxyphene Stadol Talwin Vicodin
5
Defining Chronic Opioid Use After Surgery
Using pharmacy claims data, we isolated prescriptions for fentanyl (patch or oral form), hydrocodone, hydromorphone (oral form), methadone, morphine, oxymorphone, and oxycodone and excluded prescriptions containing hydrocodone in cough/cold formulation. In addition, we excluded analgesic preparations containing codeine, such as acetaminophen/codeine combinations. Our outcome of interest was chronic opioid use within the first postsurgical year. Previous studies using administrative claims data have defined chronic opioid use as having filled 10 or more prescriptions or more than 120 days’ supply within a 1-year period.11 (link) Since some opioid use is likely expected in the immediate postoperative period, we slightly modified this definition to having filled 10 or more prescriptions or more than 120 days’ supply within the first year after surgery, excluding the first 90 postoperative days (ie, we measure only postoperative days 91–365).
Sun E.C., Darnall B.D., Baker L.C, & Mackey S. (2016). Incidence of and Risk Factors for Chronic Opioid Use Among Opioid-Naive Patients in the Postoperative Period. JAMA internal medicine, 176(9), 1286-1293.
Publication 2016
acetaminophen - codeine Analgesics Codeine Common Cold Cough Fentanyl Hydrocodone Hydromorphone Methadone Morphine Operative Surgical Procedures Opioids Oxycodone Oxymorphone Prescriptions

Most recents protocols related to «Fentanyl»

1
Reduced Supervised Consumption During COVID-19
Data for this study were drawn from two open prospective cohort studies of PWUD in Vancouver, Canada: the Vancouver Injection Drug Users Study (VIDUS) and the AIDS Care Cohort to evaluate Exposure to Survival Services (ACCESS). Both cohorts have been described in detail in previous literature [24 (link), 27 (link)]. However, to briefly summarize, these cohorts have been recruiting participants through community-based methods, including street outreach, self-referral, and word of mouth since May of 1996. VIDUS includes adults (18 years and older) who are HIV-negative and have injected unregulated drugs within the month prior to their enrolment. ACCESS participants are HIV-positive adults who used any unregulated substance (other than or in addition to cannabis) within the month prior to their enrolment. Participants in the VIDUS cohort who HIV seroconvert after their enrolment are transferred to the ACCESS cohort. All participants provided written informed consent at enrolment and ethics has been approved by Providence Health Care/University of British Columbia’s Research Ethics Board. Both cohorts use harmonized study protocols to facilitate pooled analyses.
At baseline and at 6-month intervals afterwards, participants complete interviewer- and nurse-led questionnaires and provide blood samples for serology, as well as urine for drug screening. The questionnaire covers a variety of topics including demographics, substance use, healthcare access, and socio-structural exposures. To compensate participants for their involvement, participants receive a $40 CAD stipend for every study visit.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, all in-person data collection was suspended between March 2020 and July 2020. After July 2020, infection control measures were put in place to resume data collection. Participant interviews were completed over telephone or videoconferencing. Study-owned cell phones and private spaces were loaned to those who required them. They were then able to pick up their cash honoraria in person or have it e-transferred if they had access to a bank account.
Between March and July of 2020, study questionnaires were modified to include questions regarding the COVID-19 pandemic. One of these questions was used to assess the primary outcome of this study, which read as follows: “Has the frequency of your use of these sites [i.e., SCS/OPS] changed since the beginning of the public health emergency?”. The outcome was dichotomized using the following responses: “I use them less” vs. “I use them more” or “My use stayed the same”. Potential correlates were identified based on past studies that assessed SCS access among PWUD [8 (link), 25 (link)], and included: age (per year older), self-identified gender (man vs. woman/other), ethnicity/ancestry (white vs. Black, Indigenous, and people of colour), education (high school or greater vs. other), employment (yes vs. no), residence in Downtown Eastside neighbourhood in Vancouver (yes vs. no), daily non-medical prescription opioid use (yes vs. no), daily cocaine use (yes vs. no), daily crystal methamphetamine use (yes vs. no), daily non-injection crack-cocaine use (yes vs. no), benzodiazepine use (yes vs. no), suspected that a drug used contained fentanyl (yes vs. no), used drugs alone (yes vs. no), engagement in opioid agonist therapy (yes vs. no), non-fatal overdose (yes vs. no), witnessed an overdose (yes vs. no), experience physical violence (yes vs. no), syringe/ drug use equipment sharing (yes vs. no), inability to access treatment (yes vs. no), unstable housing (yes vs. no), sex work (yes vs. no), incarceration (yes vs. no), jacked up (this refers to being stopped, searched, or detained) by the police (yes vs. no), cohort/ HIV status (ACCESS vs. VIDUS), ever tested positive for COVID-19 (yes vs. no), concern about COVID-19 on a scale from 1 to 10, with 10 indicating greatest concern (1–5 vs. 6–10), any chronic health conditions (yes vs. no), and ease of accessing SCS/OPS changed since COVID-19 (same vs. easier vs. harder). All drug use and behavioral variables refer to the 6 months prior to questionnaire date unless otherwise indicated.
Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to assess the associations between the correlates of interest and reduced frequency of SCS/OPS use since COVID-19. Correlates of interest with a univariable p-value < 0.10 were included in a backward elimination procedure, with the least significant variable removed at each step until the lowest Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) was achieved. All p-values were two-sided and all statistical analyses were conducted using SAS version 9.4 (SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina, United States).
Gubskaya E., Kennedy M.C., Hayashi K., Cui Z., Milloy M.J, & Kerr T. (2023). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to supervised consumption programs. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy, 18, 16.
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Publication 2023
Abuse, Physical Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Adult Benzodiazepines BLOOD Cannabis Chronic Condition Cocaine COVID 19 Crack Cocaine Drug Abuser Drug Overdose Emergencies Ethnicity Fentanyl Gender Infection Control Interviewers Methamphetamine Nurses Opioids Oral Cavity Pharmaceutical Preparations Substance Use Urine Woman
2
Opioid Exposure in Chronic Pain
Exposure to opioids was captured using prescription information available in the pharmacy claims (e.g., medication name, fill date, days supplied). Opioid exposure was examined at monthly intervals from each person’s study entry date to their drop in health plan enrollment or end of study period, whichever came first. Individuals were included in the analysis per month if they had enrollment for that entire month. Opioid exposure was determined by an outpatient pharmacy fill for a product containing hydrocodone, oxycodone, tramadol, codeine, morphine, fentanyl, and “other”, which included hydromorphone, buprenorphine, propoxyphene, oxymorphone, methadone, dihydrocodeine, levorphanol tartrate, meperidine hydrochloride, opium, pentazocine, and tapentadol.
The timing of opioid exposure was based on the date of prescription and number of days supplied, which allowed for the determination of monthly exposure as binary (yes/no) and number of days supplied. To standardize the number of days supplied per month, the proportion of each month exposed was calculated as the days supplied divided by the number of days in that month. This study did not standardize doses across opioid types (e.g., oral morphine equivalents) given the variability in suggested conversion factors [24 (link)]. Further, it is unknown if the proportion of opioid prescriptions by type differs for adults with and without CP, and how variation in conversion factors could impact interpretations. Therefore, this study focused on measures of opioid exposure as exposed/not exposed, the number of days supplied, and the proportion of opioid prescriptions by type.
Whitney D.G., Peterson M.D, & Hurvitz E.A. (2023). Population- and individual-level trajectories of opioid prescription patterns among adults with cerebral palsy: a retrospective cohort study. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy, 45(3), 669-680.
Publication 2023
Adult Buprenorphine Codeine dihydrocodeine Fentanyl Health Planning Hydrocodone Hydromorphone Meperidine Hydrochloride Methadone Morphine Opioids Opium Outpatients Oxycodone Oxymorphone Pentazocine Pharmaceutical Preparations Prescriptions Propoxyphene Tapentadol Tartrate, Levorphanol Tramadol
3
Multimodal Perioperative Protocol for Shoulder Surgery

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Publication 2023
Acetaminophen Anesthesia Anesthesia, Conduction Anesthesiologist Antibiotics, Antitubercular Aprepitant Aspirin Bupivacaine Cefazolin Cephalexin Chemoprevention Chlorhexidine chlorhexidine gluconate Clindamycin Deep Vein Thrombosis Dexamethasone Ethanol Famotidine Fentanyl Gabapentin Hypersensitivity Ibuprofen Isopropyl Alcohol Management, Pain Medical Devices Meloxicam Nerve Block Ondansetron Operative Surgical Procedures Oxycodone Pain, Postoperative Patients Penicillins Percocet Postoperative Nausea Powder Ropivacaine Scopolamine Skin Surgery, Day Therapeutics Thigh Treatment Protocols Ultrasonics Vancomycin Wounds
4
Surgical Techniques for Eyelid Skin Cancer Removal
Anesthesiologists used neuroleptic sedation for each patient with a combination of ketamine, midazolam, fentanyl and propofol. The surgeon used loupes with a 3.3X magnification and a headlight. The tumour was assessed, measured (Figure 1A), and marked with standard four millimetre surgical margins for BCC and seven millimeter surgical margins for melanoma in situ (MIS). The width of the excised area was documented. The donor tissue width was estimated and marked (Figure 1B). The donor lid was then stretched horizontally, ensuring that the secondary defect could undergo direct closure. One drop of topical anesthesia was placed in each eye and the operative site was prepared with controlled use of chlorhexidine to limit the risk of corneal toxicity. The surgeon performed subcutaneous infiltration of the tumor and donor sites using lidocaine 2% with epinephrine 1:100,000; 2 ml or less per eyelid. All tissue was handled with 0.5 mm toothed forceps to preserve its architecture and integrity.
McDonald H.M., McDonald K.A, & McDonald H. (2023). The free bilamellar autograft (FBA) procedure: A comprehensive case series of an alternative surgical approach to reconstruction of large eyelid defects. Frontiers in Surgery, 10, 1038952.
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Publication 2023
Anesthesiologist Antipsychotic Agents Chlorhexidine Cornea Epinephrine Eyelids Fentanyl Forceps Ketamine Lidocaine Melanoma Midazolam Neoplasms Patients Propofol Sedatives Surgeons Surgical Margins Tissue Donors Tissues Topical Anesthetics
5
Standardized Anesthesia and Multimodal Analgesia Protocols
In Yuan et al study,[29 (link)] patients received standardized general anesthesia and basic analgesic protocol. Intraoperatively, all patients received general anesthesia which was induced by sufentanil 0.5 μg/kg, midazolam 0.04 mg/kg, propofol 1 to 2 mg/kg, and Cisatracurium 2 μg/kg intravenously, followed by continuous intravenous infusion of remifentanil 0.1 to 0.3 μg/(kg·min), propofol 2 to 5 mg/(kg·hr) and inhalation of sevoflurane to maintain anesthesia. Since postoperative day 1, the protocol of oral celecoxib restarted till postoperative 3 weeks when the patients came back to the hospital for taking out the stitches. In Yadeau et al 2016 study,[6 (link)] patients received a standardized anesthetic and multimodal analgesic protocol. In Yadeau et al 2022 study,[28 (link)] patients received a standard intraoperative and postoperative multimodal anesthetic protocol: a spinal-epidural (subarachnoid mepivacaine, 45–60 mg); adductor canal block (ultrasound-guided; 15 cc bupivacaine, 0.25%, with 2 mg preservative-free dexamethasone). For postoperative pain management, patients were scheduled to receive the study medication once daily for 14 days; 4 doses of 1000 mg IV acetaminophen every 6 hours followed by 1000 mg oral acetaminophen every 8 hours; 4 doses of 15 mg IV ketorolac followed by 15 mg meloxicam every 24 hours; and 5 to 10 mg oral oxycodone was given as needed for pain. Patients could have pain medications adjusted as indicated. In Koh et al study,[12 (link)] all patients had a postoperative intravenous patient-controlled anesthesia (PCA) pump that administered 1 mL of a 100-mL mixture containing 2000 mg of fentanyl on demand. In Kim et al study,[27 ] all patients received intravenous PCA encompassing delivery of 1 mL of a 100 mL solution containing 2000 µg of fentanyl postoperatively. In Ho et al study,[26 (link)] patients were routinely offered a single shot spinal anesthesia consisting of an intrathecal dose of bupivacaine 10 to 12.5 mg with fentanyl 10 mg. After surgery, pain treatment consisted of PCA with intravenous injection of morphine. The settings were 1 mg bolus, 5 minutes lockout time, and a maximum hourly limit of 8 mg. All patients were also given acetaminophen 1 g 6 hourly.
Zhang L.K., Li Q., Fang Y.F, & Qi J.W. (2023). Effect of duloxetine on pain relief after total knee arthroplasty: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Medicine, 102(10), e33101.
Publication 2023
Acetaminophen Analgesics Anesthesia Anesthesia, Intravenous Anesthetics Bupivacaine Cardiac Arrest Celecoxib cisatracurium Dexamethasone Fentanyl General Anesthesia Inhalation Intravenous Infusion Ketorolac Management, Pain Meloxicam Mepivacaine Midazolam Morphine Multimodal Imaging Obstetric Delivery Operative Surgical Procedures Oxycodone Pain Pain, Postoperative Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Pharmaceutical Preservatives Propofol Pulp Canals Remifentanil Sevoflurane Spinal Anesthesia Subarachnoid Space Sufentanil Ultrasonography

Top products related to «Fentanyl»

1
Fentanyl by Johnson & Johnson
Sourced in Germany, Finland, Belgium, United States
Fentanyl is a synthetic opioid that is used as a pharmaceutical product in medical settings. It is a potent analgesic that is primarily used to manage severe pain in patients, particularly those with cancer or other chronic pain conditions. Fentanyl is available in various forms, including transdermal patches, lozenges, and injectable solutions. The product is intended for use under the supervision of healthcare professionals, as it carries significant risks of abuse and overdose.
2
Midazolam by Roche
Sourced in Switzerland, Germany, Denmark, United States, United Kingdom, Belgium, Finland
Midazolam is a benzodiazepine compound used as a sedative and hypnotic in medical and clinical settings. It is commonly used for the induction and maintenance of anesthesia, as well as for the management of certain types of seizures. Midazolam primarily functions as a short-acting central nervous system depressant, exhibiting anxiolytic, amnestic, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and muscle relaxant properties.
3
Dormicum by Roche
Sourced in Switzerland, Belgium, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Japan, Sweden, United States, Turkiye
Dormicum is a drug used as a sedative and anesthetic in various medical procedures. It contains the active ingredient midazolam, which is a benzodiazepine medication. Dormicum is administered intravenously or intramuscularly by healthcare professionals to induce sedation or anesthesia.
4
Midazolam by Ratiopharm
Sourced in Germany
Midazolam is a benzodiazepine medication used as a sedative and anesthetic agent. It is primarily utilized in medical settings for its calming and sleep-inducing properties. The core function of Midazolam is to provide a controlled and reversible state of sedation or anesthesia for various medical procedures and interventions.
5
Fentanyl by Merck Group
Sourced in United States
Description not available
6
Propofol by Fresenius
Sourced in Germany, Austria, China, United States, United Kingdom, Belgium, Sweden, Israel
Propofol is a pharmaceutical product used as a general anesthetic and sedative. It is a sterile, nonpyrogenic injectable emulsion that contains the active ingredient propofol and other inactive ingredients. Propofol is administered intravenously and is used to induce and maintain general anesthesia, as well as for sedation in intensive care unit (ICU) settings.
7
Rompun by Bayer
Sourced in Germany, France, United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Italy, Brazil, Belgium, Cameroon, Switzerland, Spain, Australia, Ireland, Sweden, Portugal, Netherlands, Austria, Denmark, New Zealand
Rompun is a veterinary drug used as a sedative and analgesic for animals. It contains the active ingredient xylazine hydrochloride. Rompun is designed to induce a state of sedation and pain relief in animals during medical procedures or transportation.
8
Buprenorphine by MSD animal health
Sourced in United States
Buprenorphine is a pharmaceutical product used as a laboratory reagent. It is a synthetic opioid analgesic commonly used in veterinary and medical research settings.
9
Flumazenil by Fresenius
Sourced in Germany
Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist used in the treatment of benzodiazepine overdose. It is a lab equipment product that reverses the effects of benzodiazepines.
10
Hypnorm by Johnson & Johnson
Sourced in Belgium, United Kingdom
Hypnorm is a laboratory equipment product manufactured by Johnson & Johnson. It is designed to provide a stable and controlled environment for conducting various experiments and research activities.

More about "Fentanyl"

Fentanyl is a powerful synthetic opioid analgesic, similar to morphine but 50 to 100 times more potent.
It is a Schedule II controlled substance used as a pain medication and anesthetic.
Fentanly is also misused and abused, leading to overdose and death.
Researchers utilize fentanyl in various studies, including investigations into its pharmacology, toxicology, and potential therapeutic applications.
Other related substances include midazolam (Dormicum), a benzodiazepine sedative, and propofol, a general anesthetic.
Rompun is an animal sedative with similar effects to fentanyl.
Buprenorphine is a partial opioid agonist used to treat opioid dependence, while flumazenil is a benzodiazepine antagonist used to reverse the effects of sedatives like midazolam.
PubCompare.ai can help optimize fentanyl research by using AI-driven comparisons to identify the best protocols and products from the literature, preprints, and patents, enhancing reproducibility and accuracy.
This can lead to more efficient and effective fentanyl studies, contributing to a better understanding of this potent and often misused substance.