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Hydroxytoluene, Butylated

Hydroxytoluene, Butylated is a organic compound with the formula CH3C6H3(OH)(C4H9).
It is a phenol derivative that has a hydroxy group and a butyl group attached to a toluene moiety.
Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) is a widely used food additive and antioxidant that helps preserve fats and oils from rancidity.
It is also used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and other industrial applications to prevent oxidation.
Resaerch on the efficacy and safety of Butylated Hydroxytoluene is ongoing.

Most cited protocols related to «Hydroxytoluene, Butylated»

1
Extraction and Methylation of Lipids
Cited 24 times
Cell or tissue lipids were extracted by the procedures similar to the Folch method [4 (link)]. Chloroform/methanol (2:1, v/v) containing 0.005% butylated hydroxytoluene (as antioxidant) was added (usually 5 ml solvent added to 50–100 μl sample) and mixed vigorously for 1 min then left at 4°C overnight. One ml of 0.9% NaCl was added and mixed again. The chloroform phase containing lipids was collected. The remains were extracted with another 2 ml chloroform. The chloroform was pooled and dried under nitrogen and subjected to methylation. To monitor the recovery rate, the fatty acid C23:0 was added to the samples (usually 1 μg added to 2 mg tissue sample) as an internal standard.
Fatty acid methyl esters were prepared by methods similar to those described previously [5 (link),6 (link)] using BF3/methanol reagent (14% Boron Trifluoride). Lipid sample was mixed with 1 ml hexane in 16 ml glass tubes with Teflon-lined caps. BF3/MeOH reagent (1 ml) was added and the mixture was heated at 90–110°C in a metal block or a sand bath for 1 hour, cooled to room temperature and methyl esters extracted in the hexane phase after addition of 1 ml H2O. Samples were allowed to stand for 20–30 min, and then the upper hexane layer was removed and concentrated under nitrogen.
Fatty acid methyl esters were analyzed by gas chromatography using a fully automated HP5890 system equipped with a flame-ionization detector, as described previously [7 (link)] The chromatography utilized an Omegawax 250 capillary column (30 m × 0.25 mm I.D.). Peaks were identified by comparison with fatty acid standards (Nu-chek-Prep, Elysian, MN), and area and its percentage for each resolved peak were analyzed using a Perkin-Elmer M1 integrator.
Kang J.X, & Wang J. (2005). A simplified method for analysis of polyunsaturated fatty acids. BMC Biochemistry, 6, 5.
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Publication 2005
Antioxidants Baths, Sand boron trifluoride Capillaries Cells Chloroform Chromatography Esters Fatty Acids Flame Ionization Gas Chromatography Hydroxytoluene, Butylated Lipids Metals Methanol Methylation n-hexane Nitrogen Sodium Chloride Solvents Teflon Tissues
2
Fatty Acid Profiling by GC-FID
Cited 11 times
FAs were analyzed in total lipid fractions for all pools except plasma, which was further separated into phosphatidylcholine, CEs, NEFAs and triglycerides. Total lipid was extracted into chloroform:methanol (2:1, vol:vol) from plasma, MNCs, RBCs, platelets, BUs, and homogenized AT; butylated hydroxytoluene (50 mg/L) was added as an antioxidant. Plasma lipid fractions were separated and isolated by solid-phase extraction on aminopropylsilica cartridges. CEs and triglycerides were eluted with chloroform. Phosphatidylcholine, which is the major plasma phospholipid, was eluted with chloroform:methanol (60:40, vol:vol). NEFAs were eluted by using chloroform:methanol:glacial acetic acid (100:2:2, vol:vol:vol). A second cartridge was used to separate CEs and triglycerides: CEs were eluted with hexane, and triglycerides were eluted with hexane:chloroform:ethyl acetate (100:5:5, vol:vol:vol). All lipids were dried under nitrogen and redissolved in toluene. Fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were formed by incubation with methanol that contained 2% (vol:vol) H2SO4 at 50°C for 2 h. After allowing the tubes to cool, samples were neutralized with a solution of 0.25 mol KHCO3/L and 0.5 mol K2CO3/L. FAMEs were extracted into hexane, dried down, redissolved in a small volume of hexane, and separated by using gas chromatography. Gas chromatography was performed on a Hewlett-Packard 6890 gas chromatograph fitted with a BPX-70 column (30 m × 0.22 mm × 0.25 μm). The inlet temperature was 300°C. The oven temperature was initially 115°C and was maintained for 2 min after injection. The oven temperature was programmed to increase to 200°C at the rate of 10°C/min to hold at 200°C for 16 min and increase to 240°C at the rate of 60°C/min to hold at 240°C for 2 min. The total run time was just longer than 29 min. Helium was used as the carrier gas. FAMEs were detected by using a flame ionization detector held at a temperature of 300°C. The instrument was controlled by, and data collected, with HPChemStation software (Hewlett-Packard). FAMEs were identified by comparison of retention times with those of authentic standards run previously. Within-run CVs for analysis of EPA and DHA as methyl esters were 3% and 2%, respectively. Between-run CVs for analysis of EPA and DHA as methyl esters were 5% and 2.5%, respectively.
Browning L.M., Walker C.G., Mander A.P., West A.L., Madden J., Gambell J.M., Young S., Wang L., Jebb S.A, & Calder P.C. (2012). Incorporation of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids into lipid pools when given as supplements providing doses equivalent to typical intakes of oily fish. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 96(4), 748-758.
Publication 2012
Acetic Acid Antioxidants ARID1A protein, human Blood Platelets Chloroform Erythrocytes Esters ethyl acetate Fatty Acids Flame Ionization Gas Chromatography Helium Hydroxytoluene, Butylated Lipids Methanol n-hexane Nitrogen Nonesterified Fatty Acids Phosphatidylcholines Phospholipids Plasma potassium bicarbonate potassium carbonate Retention (Psychology) Solid Phase Extraction Toluene Triglycerides
3
Lipid Extraction and Characterization
Cited 11 times

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Publication 2008
Atmosphere Capillaries Chloroform Esters Fatty Acids Flame Ionization Gas Chromatography Hexanes Hydroxytoluene, Butylated Lipids Liquid Chromatography Methanol Nitrogen Plasma Sulfuric Acids Tissues
4
Quantitative Analysis of Plant Hormones
Cited 8 times
Samples of 0.2 g were ground in an ice-cold mortar with 8 mL of 80% (v/v) methanol extraction medium that contained 1 mM butylated hydroxytoluene as an antioxidant 22. The extracts were incubated at 4 °C for 4 h and then centrifuged at 3500 r.p.m. for 8 min at 4 °C. The supernatants were passed through Chromosep C18 columns (C18 Sep-Pak Cartridge; Waters Corporation, Millford, MA, USA), which were washed with 10 mL of 100% and 5 mL of 80% (v/v) methanol. The hormone sediments were dried under nitrogen gas and then dissolved in 2 mL of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) containing 0.1% (v/v) Tween 20 and 0.1% (w/v) gelatine (pH 7.5).
Phytohormones were separately analysed using GA1+3, GA4+7, IAA and ABA ELISA Kits produced by the Phytohormones Research Institute, China Agricultural University, China. Yang’s method for quantitative phytohormone determination was used23 (link).
Liu L., Wang Z., Liu J., Liu F., Zhai R., Zhu C., Wang H., Ma F, & Xu L. (2018). Histological, hormonal and transcriptomic reveal the changes upon gibberellin-induced parthenocarpy in pear fruit. Horticulture Research, 5, 1.
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Publication 2018
Antioxidants Cold Temperature Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Gelatins Hormones Hydroxytoluene, Butylated Methanol Nitrogen Phosphates Plant Growth Regulators Saline Solution Tween 20
5
Thio-Urethane Oligomers in Resin Cements
Cited 8 times

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Publication 2015
1H NMR Amines barium glass filler Benzene Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate camphoroquinone Catalysis Dental Cements ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate ethylene dimethacrylate Hexanes Hydroxytoluene, Butylated Isocyanates Light Methacrylate Methylene Chloride Molar pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate) Persea americana Phenol Resin Cements Resins, Plant Silicon Dioxide Spectrum Analysis Sulfhydryl Compounds triethylamine triethylene glycoldimethacrylate Tromethamine Urethane urethane-di-methacrylate Vibration zirconium oxide

Most recents protocols related to «Hydroxytoluene, Butylated»

1
Solubilized Progesterone Capsule Formulation
Not available on PMC !

Example 5

In particular embodiments, a capsule is provided containing a pharmaceutical composition having fully solubilized, partially solubilized, or suspended progesterone comprising the components according to the formulations specified in Tables 8 and 9:

TABLE 8
Ingredient%mg/CapsuleFunction
Micronized30.77200.00Active
Progesterone
Medium Chain65.93428.55Carrier
Triglyceride
(MIGLYOL 812 or
equivalent)
Lauroyl polyoxyl-32-3.0019.50Suspending Agent
glycerides
(GELUCIRE 44/14 or
equivalent)
Butylated0.031.95Antioxidant
Hydroxytoluene
Total100650

TABLE 9
Ingredientmg/Capsule%Function
Progesterone200.0033.33Active
Medium Chain389.6064.93Solubilizing
TriglycerideAgent
(MIGLYOL 812 or
equivalent)
Lauroyl polyoxyl-32-10.001.67Non-ionic
glycerides (GELUCIRESurfactant
44/14 or equivalent)(suspending
agent)
Butylated0.400.07Antioxidant
Hydroxytoluene
Total600.00100.0

The pharmaceutical composition above can be prepared in accordance with the procedures noted in prior examples.

US11865179B2. Progesterone formulations having a desirable PK profile (2024-01-09). TherapeuticsMD, Inc. [US]. Inventors: Janice Cacace [US], Peter H. R. Persicaner [US], Thorsteinn Thorsteinsson [US], Frederick Sancilio [US], Julia Amadio [US], Brian Bernick [US], Neda Irani [US].
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Patent 2024
Antioxidants Capsule gelucire 44-14 Glycerides Hydroxytoluene, Butylated miglyol 812 Pharmaceutical Preparations Progesterone Surface-Active Agents Suspending Agents Triglycerides
2
Quantifying Lipid Oxidation in Chilled and Frozen Meats
The TBARS value of the marinated chilled and frozen/thawed meat samples was
analyzed following the procedure of Ahn et al.
(1998). In brief, 5 g of minced meat sample was homogenized by adding
50 μL of butylated hydroxytoluene (7.2% in ethanol, w/v) and 15 mL of
distilled water in a 50 mL test tube. After homogenization, 2 mL of homogenized
meat sample was transferred to a disposable test tube, and added 4 mL of
thiobarbituric acid/trichloroacetic acid (TCA) solution (20 mM TBA/15%, w/v).
After the mixture was thoroughly shaken, the mixture was allowed to stand for 15
min in a constant temperature water bath at 90°C for the development of
color and cooled for 15 min. Then the supernatant was centrifuged at
1,107×g for 15 min at 4°C using a centrifuge and the absorbance
was measured at 531 nm using a spectrophotometer (T60 UV VIS Spectrophotometer,
Oasis Scientific, Taylors, SC, USA). 1 mL of distilled water and 2 mL of TBA/TCA
solution were mixed as blank. The amount of TBARS is expressed in mg of
malondialdehyde (MDA) per kg of the meat sample.
Ali M., Aung S.H., Abeyrathne E.D., Park J.Y., Jung J.H., Jang A., Jeong J.Y, & Nam K.C. (2023). Quality Enhancement of Frozen Chicken Meat Marinated with Phosphate Alternatives. Food Science of Animal Resources, 43(2), 245-268.
Publication 2023
Acids Bath CREB3L1 protein, human Ethanol Freezing Hydroxytoluene, Butylated Meat Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances Trichloroacetic Acid
3
Dietary EPA and DHA Effects on Flesh Pigmentation
The effects of dietary EPA and DHA concentrations on flesh pigmentation were evaluated when the fish were 1200 g and 3.5 kg. At 1.2 and 3.5 kg, the fillet (right side) was sampled from 30 fish per diet treatment and stored on −80°C for later analysis of carotenoid and fatty acid composition as described below and in Bou et al., [3 (link)]. Fish were killed by an overdose of the anesthetic metacain (MS-222; 0.08 g/l), and individual weights and lengths were recorded. The skin and bone of the fillet were removed before the fillet was homogenized, and the carotenoids extracted using a 1: 1 : 3 mixture of distilled water, methanol (containing 500 ppm butylated hydroxytoluene), and chloroform as described by Bjerkeng et al., [33 (link)]. A Spherisorb S5CN-4800 nitrile column (Hichrom Ltd., Theale, Berkshire, UK) was used to determine the amount of astaxanthin and idoxanthin in the samples using a mobile phase with 20% (v/v) acetone in n-hexane+ (HPLC system I). An external standard of all-E-astaxanthin (Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland) with known concentration was prepared to establish a response line, and sample concentrations were calculated using peak areas from the chromatograms. The concentration of astaxanthin standards were determined spectrophotometrically in n-hexane containing 4.5% (v/v) CHCl3. Standards of idoxanthin 3′, 4′-cis and trans glycolic isomers were prepared according to Aas et al. [29 (link)]. The retention times (RT) for the 3′, 4′-cis and 3′, 4′-trans glycolic isomers of idoxanthin were ca. 7.6 and 9.3 min, respectively.
Ytrestøyl T., Bou M., Dimitriou C., Berge G.M., Østbye T.K, & Ruyter B. (2023). Dietary Level of the Omega-3 Fatty Acids EPA and DHA Influence the Flesh Pigmentation in Atlantic Salmon. Aquaculture Nutrition, 2023, 5528942.
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Publication 2023
3,3',4'-trihydroxy-beta,beta-carotene-4-one Acetone Anesthetics astaxanthin Bones Carotenoids Chloroform Diet Drug Overdose Ericales Fatty Acids Fishes Glycols High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies Hydroxytoluene, Butylated Isomerism Methanol MS-222 n-hexane Nitriles Pigmentation Retention (Psychology) Skin
4
Triazine-Formaldehyde Polymer Synthesis
The monomers used were 1, 3,
5-triazine-2, 4, 6-triamine (melamine, 99%) from Merck, Darmstadt,
Germany, and polyoxymethylene (paraformaldehyde, extra pure) from
BDH, Poole, UK. Acetonitrile (ACN, p.a.), formic acid (FA, 98–100%),
phosphoryl trichloride (POCl3; 99%), α-hydro-ω-hydroxy-poly[oxy(1-methylethylene)]
[PPG4000; poly(propylene oxide), 4000 Da], iodoacetamide (IAA), 1,
4-dithiothreitol (DTT), triethylammonium bicarbonate (TEAB) buffer
(1 M), deuterium oxide (D2O, 99.9% atom-% D), and deuterated
acetonitrile (CD3CN, >99.8 atom-% D) were from Merck.
Trifluoroacetic
acid (TFA) was a product of VWR Chemicals (Radnor, PA, USA). The methanol
used in the Soxhlet extraction was of analytical grade from Prolabo,
obtained from VWR. Tetrahydrofuran (THF, 99.5% anhydrous, < 0.005%
H2O dried over molecular sieves, stabilized with 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol) was from Scharlau (Barcelona,
Spain). Phenylphosphoric acid (PPA) was a product of TCI (Geel, Belgium).
The amphiphilic triblock copolymers Pluronic L61, L121, P123, and
F127, α, ω-hydroxy-poly(oxyethylene)-block-poly[oxy(1-methylethylene)]-block-poly(oxyethylene)
of varying overall molecular weights and block ratios were gifts from
BASF (Ludwigshafen, Germany). Dialysis tubing (MWCO 1000 Da) was from
Spectrum Laboratories (New Brunswick, NJ, USA). The GADDYYTAR peptides
(non- and mono-phosphorylated on tyrosine) were custom-synthesized
by LifeTein (Somerset, NJ, USA), and trypsin was from Promega (Madison,
WI, USA). All chemicals were used as received, unless otherwise noted.
Water used was prepared by Milli-Q or Ultra-Q equipment from Merck
Millipore (Bedford, MA, USA).
Huynh C.M., Arribas Díez I., Thi H.K., Jensen O.N., Sellergren B, & Irgum K. (2023). Terminally Phosphorylated Triblock Polyethers Acting Both as Templates and Pore-Forming Agents for Surface Molecular Imprinting of Monoliths Targeting Phosphopeptides. ACS Omega, 8(9), 8791-8803.
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Publication 2023
acetonitrile Acids Buffers Deuterium Oxide Dialysis Dithiothreitol formic acid Gifts Hydroxytoluene, Butylated Iodoacetamide melamine paraform Peptides pluronic L61 poly(propylene oxide) Poly A Promega tetrahydrofuran Triazines triethylammonium bicarbonate Trypsin Tyrosine
5
Lipid Extraction and Phosphorus Determination

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Publication 2023
Cells Chloroform Hydroxytoluene, Butylated Lipids Methanol Neoplasms Pentetic Acid Phosphorus Proteins Tissues

Top products related to «Hydroxytoluene, Butylated»

1
Butylated hydroxytoluene by Merck Group
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Butylated hydroxytoluene is a synthetic organic compound used as an antioxidant in various applications, including food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products. It is effective in preventing oxidation and improving the shelf-life of products.
2
Thiobarbituric acid by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, India, United Kingdom, Sao Tome and Principe, Poland, Spain, Italy, Brazil, Macao, France, China, Czechia, Portugal, Canada, Mexico, Japan
Thiobarbituric acid is a chemical compound used in various laboratory applications. It is a white to pale yellow crystalline solid that is soluble in water and organic solvents. Thiobarbituric acid is commonly used as a reagent in analytical techniques to detect the presence of certain compounds, particularly those related to lipid peroxidation.
3
2 2 diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl (dpph) by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, Italy, India, China, Spain, Poland, France, United Kingdom, Australia, Brazil, Singapore, Switzerland, Hungary, Mexico, Japan, Denmark, Sao Tome and Principe, Chile, Malaysia, Argentina, Belgium, Cameroon, Canada, Ireland, Portugal, Israel, Romania, Czechia, Macao, Indonesia
DPPH is a chemical compound used as a free radical scavenger in various analytical techniques. It is commonly used to assess the antioxidant activity of substances. The core function of DPPH is to serve as a stable free radical that can be reduced, resulting in a color change that can be measured spectrophotometrically.
4
Sep pak c18 cartridge by Waters Corporation
Sourced in United States, Italy, Ireland, United Kingdom, Canada, Germany
The Sep-Pak C18 cartridge is a solid-phase extraction (SPE) device used for sample preparation in analytical chemistry. It is designed to selectively retain and concentrate analytes of interest from complex matrices prior to instrumental analysis.
5
Methanol by Merck Group
Sourced in Germany, United States, Italy, India, United Kingdom, China, France, Poland, Spain, Switzerland, Australia, Canada, Sao Tome and Principe, Brazil, Ireland, Japan, Belgium, Portugal, Singapore, Macao, Malaysia, Czechia, Mexico, Indonesia, Chile, Denmark, Sweden, Bulgaria, Netherlands, Finland, Hungary, Austria, Israel, Norway, Egypt, Argentina, Greece, Kenya, Thailand, Pakistan
Methanol is a clear, colorless, and flammable liquid that is widely used in various industrial and laboratory applications. It serves as a solvent, fuel, and chemical intermediate. Methanol has a simple chemical formula of CH3OH and a boiling point of 64.7°C. It is a versatile compound that is widely used in the production of other chemicals, as well as in the fuel industry.
6
Gallic acid by Merck Group
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Gallic acid is a naturally occurring organic compound that can be used as a laboratory reagent. It is a white to light tan crystalline solid with the chemical formula C6H2(OH)3COOH. Gallic acid is commonly used in various analytical and research applications.
7
Trichloroacetic acid by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, India, China, Italy, Poland, Australia, Sao Tome and Principe, Brazil, France, Chile, Japan, Spain, Switzerland, Portugal, Ireland, Canada, Mexico, Indonesia, Croatia
Trichloroacetic acid is a colorless, crystalline chemical compound used in various laboratory applications. It serves as a reagent and is commonly employed in analytical chemistry and biochemistry procedures. The compound's primary function is to precipitate proteins, making it a useful tool for sample preparation and analysis.
8
Ascorbic acid by Merck Group
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Ascorbic acid is a chemical compound commonly known as Vitamin C. It is a water-soluble vitamin that plays a role in various physiological processes. As a laboratory product, ascorbic acid is used as a reducing agent, antioxidant, and pH regulator in various applications.
9
Quercetin by Merck Group
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Quercetin is a natural compound found in various plants, including fruits and vegetables. It is a type of flavonoid with antioxidant properties. Quercetin is often used as a reference standard in analytical procedures and research applications.
10
Bovine serum albumin (bsa) by Merck Group
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Bovine serum albumin (BSA) is a common laboratory reagent derived from bovine blood plasma. It is a protein that serves as a stabilizer and blocking agent in various biochemical and immunological applications. BSA is widely used to maintain the activity and solubility of enzymes, proteins, and other biomolecules in experimental settings.

More about "Hydroxytoluene, Butylated"

Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT) is a widely used food additive, preservative, and antioxidant that helps prevent fats and oils from becoming rancid.
It is a phenol derivative with the chemical formula CH3C6H3(OH)(C4H9), comprising a toluene moiety with a hydroxy group and a butyl group attached.
BHT is commonly employed in a variety of products, including cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and industrial applications, to inhibit oxidation and extend shelf life.
Research on the efficacy and safety of Butylated Hydroxytoluene is ongoing, with studies examining its potential benefits and drawbacks.
Closely related compounds, such as Thiobarbituric Acid and DPPH, are also used to assess antioxidant activity and lipid oxidation.
Analytical techniques, like Sep-Pak C18 cartridge purification and Methanol extraction, are often employed to isolate and quantify BHT and related compounds.
Additionally, Gallic Acid, Trichloroacetic Acid, Ascorbic Acid, and Quercetin are sometimes used as reference standards or in combination with BHT to evaluate its performance.
As an important food additive and preservative, the continued investigation into Butylated Hydroxytoluene, its applications, and its safety profile remains an active area of research.
Optimizing research protocols and enhancing reproducibility are key to advancing our understanding of this versatile compound.