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Irbesartan

Irbesartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used to treat hypertension and diabetic nephropathy.
It works by blocking the action of angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, thereby lowering blood pressure.
Irbesartan has been shown to be effective in reducing cardiovascular risk in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes.
Reseach on Irbesartan can be optimizied using AI-driven protocols that locate the best reproducible and accurate experimental procedures from the literature, preprints, and patents.
This powerful AI tool can boost the efficency of Irbesartan reseach by intelligently comparing and synthesizing the available protocols.

Most cited protocols related to «Irbesartan»

Male ApoE−/−/C57BL/6J mice or wild type C57BL/6J mice at 10–12 wk of age were obtained from the Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, and housed at the Stanford Animal Facility, Stanford, CA. Animal care and experimental procedures were conducted in compliance with Stanford Laboratory Animal Care Guidelines. The Administrative Panel on Laboratory Animal Care at Stanford University approved all procedures involving mice.
Two mechanistically distinct, but complementary mouse AAA models were used in this study: subcutaneous Ang II infusion in ApoE−/− mice (Ang II/ApoE−/− model) and intra-aortic PPE infusion in C57BL/6J mice (PPE model). In most experiments, ApoE−/− mice were fed chow supplemented with irbesartan (50 mg/kg), telmisartan (10 mg/kg) or bosentan (100 mg/kg), or were daily given drinking water supplemented with fluvastatin (40 mg/kg) or doxycycline (100 mg/kg). As controls, separate groups of ApoE−/− mice for individual experiments were given the standard chow and drinking water without drug supplementation. One week later, to induce AAAs, all mice were subcutaneously implanted with osmotic minipumps (Alzet model 2004, Durect Corporation, Cupertino, CA) for continuous infusion of Ang II at 1000 ng/kg/min, and treated continuously with their respective drugs for 28 days [9] (link). In additional experiments, C57BL/6J mice were fed telmisartan-supplemented chow (10 mg/kg) or the standard chow. One week thereafter, AAAs were created by transient intra-aortic infusion of PPE as described previously [93] (link), and these mice were continuously fed with the chow with or without telmisartan supplementation for additional 2 wk. In all experiments, doses for two ARBs and bosentan were selected based on published mouse studies in which each drug lowered blood pressure and/or suppressed cardiovascular pathology [94] (link)–[96] (link).
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Publication 2012
Animals Animals, Laboratory Aorta ApoE protein, human Bosentan Cardiovascular System Doxycycline Fluvastatin Irbesartan Males Mice, House Mice, Inbred C57BL Osmosis Pharmaceutical Preparations Subcutaneous Infusions Telmisartan Transients Triple-A Syndrome
Operationally the process of sensitization can be viewed as consisting of a period of induction (I) followed by a period of expression (E). During E, the consequences of I can be evaluated. Because it is possible to vary the amount of time between I and E, in other words, introduce a period of delay (D), there is an opportunity to observe the response elicited at E in the absence of the treatment (e.g., a low dose of ANGII) presented during I. Therefore, the present studies followed an I-D-E experimental design. During I, a low sub-pressor dose of ANGII or vehicle was delivered subcutaneously (sc, 10 ng/kg/min) or centrally (icv, 1 ng/kg/min) by osmotic minipump (model 2001, Alzet) for 1 week. The rats then rested for 1 week (D), after which time, a second pump (model 2002, Alzet) was implanted to deliver a higher sc dose of ANGII (120 ng/kg/min) for 2 weeks (E). Rats were randomly assigned to one of six groups: 1) I with ANGII plus E with saline, 2) I with saline plus E with ANGII, 3) I with ANGII plus E with ANGII, 4) I with ANGII and icv AT1R antagonist (irbesartan; 125 µg/d, Sigma) plus E with ANGII, and 5) I with icv saline plus E with ANGII, and (6) I with icv ANGII plus E with ANGII. Brains were collected at the end of E for regional (the lamina terminalis, LT and the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, PVN) analysis for mRNA expression or Fos-related antigen immunoreactivity (Fra-IR, indicating neuronal excitation). Two additional control (saline) and experimental (low dose of ANGII) groups received identical I and D procedures but had their brains collected at the end of D for mRNA expression analysis.
Publication 2012
Antigens, Fos-Related Brain Irbesartan Lamina Terminalis Neurons Osmosis Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus Rattus norvegicus RNA, Messenger Saline Solution
The characteristics—such as particle size, form, and number, crystalline structure, melting point, zeta potential, solubility, and dispersibility—were analyzed following our previous study [21 (link),22 (link),23 (link),26 (link)]. A laser diffraction particle size analyzer, SALD-7100 (Shimadzu Corp., Kyoto, Japan), and the Dynamic Light Scattering NANOSIGHT LM10 (QuantumDesign Japan, Tokyo, Japan) were used to determine the particle size distribution. The particle form was observed by SPM-9700 (Shimadzu Corp., Kyoto, Japan), and the provided phase and height images of irbesartan were combined and expressed as atomic force microscopic (AFM) images. Moreover, the particle number was measured by NANOSIGHT LM10. The crystalline form of the lyophilized IRB-P and IRB-NC suspensions was analyzed by a powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) method using Mini Flex II (Rigaku Co., Tokyo, Japan), and the melting point was evaluated by thermogravimetry–differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) measurements under a nitrogen atmosphere using the simultaneous TG-DTA apparatus DTG-60H (Shimadzu Corp., Kyoto, Japan). The zeta potential was measured by a micro-electrophoresis zeta potential analyzer, model 502 (Nihon Rufuto Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). In addition, the solubility of irbesartan in the IRB-NC suspensions was measured as follows: the IRB-NC suspensions were centrifuged at 100,000× g using a Beckman OptimaTM MAX-XP Ultracentrifuge (Beckman coulter, Osaka, Japan) to separate into soluble and nonsolubilized irbesartan. After this, the concentration of soluble irbesartan was measured by the HPLC method described above. In this study, the concentration of soluble irbesartan is expressed as the solubility of irbesartan. Then, 3 mL of the IRB-NC suspensions in a 5 mL test tube were incubated in the dark at 22 °C for one month (30 days) to evaluate the dispersibility, which was determined by measurement of the irbesartan concentration in the sample collected from the upper 90% of the test tube over time.
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Publication 2021
Atmosphere Differential Thermal Analysis Electrophoresis High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies Irbesartan Microscopy, Atomic Force Nitrogen Powder TDO inhibitor LM10 Thermogravimetry X-Ray Diffraction
Cell viability assay was performed after all experimental protocols. In particular, we have tested a pre- and post- treatment with three different concentrations of irbesartan (10, 50 and 100 μM, dissolved in 250 μL ethanol). 3x103 cells were seeded in 96-well plates and treated with irbesartan at 37°C for 16 h, and then placed in an hypoxia chamber for 24 h. The medium was changed before bringing the cells. To perform the post-treatment, 3x103 cells were exposed for 24 h to the hypoxic stress and later stimulated 16 h with 10, 50 and 100 μM irbesartan. The cells viability was measured by incubation of 3x103 seeded cell/well with 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) vitality stain reagent formulated in fresh culture medium. MTT solution at 10% was added to each well and incubated for about 2 h. Then, excess medium was removed and 100 μL of a solution of 1N hydrochloric acid at 10% in isopropanol was added to dissolve the formazan crystals. The mixture was shaken for about 20 min and the optical density in each well was measured using a microplate spectrophotometer (Microplate Reader Model 550, BIO-RAD, California, USA) at 570 nm. Triplicate experiments were performed for each concentration. The cell viability percentage (%) was calculated by comparison with a sample’s corresponding control.
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Publication 2018
Biological Assay Bromides Cells Cell Survival diphenyl Ethanol Formazans Hydrochloric acid Hypoxia Irbesartan Isopropyl Alcohol Stains Tetrazolium Salts
C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) and diabetic heterozygous Akita (Ins2WT/C96Y) and db/db mice were purchased from The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME). Male Akita mice were bred with female WT mice at the University of Alberta animal facility. Similarly, male heterozygous Akita mice were crossed with female ACE2−/− mutant mice (ACE2KO) to obtain Akita/ACE2KO (Ins2WT/C96Y/ACE2−/y) double mutants (Detailed Methods are provided in the Online Supplement.). Throughout the period of study, animals were provided free access to water and standard 18% protein rodent chow (Harlan Teklad). A subgroup of Akita/ACE2KO mice also was treated with irbesartan, an AT1 receptor blocker (50 mg/kg−1/d−1) or Ang 1–7 (24 μg/kg/h; Bachem) for 1 month starting at 5 months of age. A subgroup of Akita mice was also treated with irbesartan (50 mg/kg−1/d−1) for 1 month starting at 5 months of age. The use of animals in this study conforms to the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals published by the United States National Institutes of Health (NIH Publication 85-23, revised 1996) and to the guidelines of the Canadian Council on Animal Care.
Publication 2012
ACE2 protein, human angiotensin I (1-7) Animals Animals, Laboratory Dietary Supplements Females Heterozygote Irbesartan Males Mice, House Proteins Rodent

Most recents protocols related to «Irbesartan»

We obtained information on antihypertensive medication use from the questionnaire including the two parts. First, answered “yes” to “Are you now taking prescribed medication for high BP?” (13 ). Second, participants showed the container of prescription and non-prescription medications and supplements taken in the previous 30 days (15 ). The antihypertensive medication was classified using the Multum Lexicon 3-level nested category system, and all reported drug names were recorded as standard generic drugs. The fixed-dose combination (FDC) products were divided into individual generic ingredients (e.g., irbesartan/hydrochlorothiazide was classified into two separate compounds, “irbesartan” and “hydrochlorothiazide”). There are four classes of antihypertensive agents: ACEi/ARB, diuretics, beta-blockers (BB), and calcium channel blockers (CCB). In the current analysis, ACEi and ARB were classified into one group, and diuretics (thiazide, loop, and potassium-sparing) as one group.
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Publication 2023
Adrenergic beta-Antagonists Antihypertensive Agents Calcium Channel Blockers Dietary Supplements Diuretics Drugs, Non-Prescription Generic Drugs Hydrochlorothiazide Irbesartan Pharmaceutical Preparations Potassium Thiazides
Patients will be recruited from vascular, cardiology and nephrology outpatient clinics of 11 hospitals including two university hospitals. Patients are eligible for participation if they fulfill the criteria of resistant hypertension, use at least two AHDs for which DBS-analysis are available, are 18 years or older and are able to provide informed consent. Due to the large population of people orginating from Turkey in Rotterdam, the patient information leaflet is made available in both the Dutch and Turkish language.
Resistant hypertension is defined as having an office BP of > 140 mmHg (systolic) and/or 90 mmHg (diastolic) or, if available, a 24-h ambulatory blood pressure measurement (24-h ABPM) daytime BP of > 135 mmHg and/or 85 mmHg despite a medication regimen of AHDs in the maximal tolerable dose of at least three AHDs from different drug classes, including a diuretic, or at least four AHDs from different drug classes. In Table 1 the minimal drug dose needed at time of the inclusion and the lower limit of detection of each included drug are shown. DBS analysis includes the following AHDs and active metabolites: enalapril and enalaprilate, perindopril and perindoprilate, irbesartan, valsartan, losartan and losartan-carboxylic acid (losartan-CA), hydrochlorothiazide, bumetanide, spironolactone and canrenone, amlodipine, barnidipine, nifedipine, metoprolol and doxazosin [25 (link), 26 (link)].

Overview antihypertensive drugs included in the RHYME-RCT trial

Antihypertensive drug [metabolite]Minimal drug dose for inclusion (mg)LLOD (μg/L) [25 (link)]
Amlodipine517.1
Barnidipine102.1
Bumetanide14.0
Doxazosin418.1
Enalapril200.4
[Enalaprilat]1.1
Hydrochlorothiazide12.540.2
Irbesartan1507.7
Losartan501.7
[Losartan-CA]2.6
Metoprolol50 CR or 25 mg two times daily (normal release)0
Nifedipine303.5
Perindopril40.7
[Perindoprilat]1.3
Spironolactone12.55.2
[Canrenone]26.8
Valsartan8021.3

CA carboxylic acid; CR controlled release, LLOD lower limit of detection

Patients are excluded from participation if they are not able to give informed consent, have end-stage kidney disease (eGFR < 15 ml/min/m2), insufficient understanding of the Dutch or Turkish language or if secondary forms of hypertension are expected but have not been excluded. Patients with secondary forms of hypertension primarily treated with AHDs such as primary aldosteronism caused by bilateral hyperplasia can be eligible for participating in the trial.
This study is approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (MEC-2018–027).
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Publication 2023
Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome Amlodipine Antihypertensive Agents Blood Vessel Bumetanide Canrenone Carboxylic Acids Cardiovascular System Conn Syndrome Determination, Blood Pressure Diastole Diuretics Doxazosin EGFR protein, human Enalapril Enalaprilat Ethics Committees, Research High Blood Pressures Hydrochlorothiazide Hyperplasia Irbesartan Kidney Failure, Chronic Losartan losartan carboxylic acid mepirodipine Metoprolol Nifedipine Patients Perindopril perindoprilat Pharmaceutical Preparations Spironolactone Systole Treatment Protocols Valsartan
This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of our hospital (No. 2019–003-002), and informed consent was obtained from patients or their relatives. And all procedures were complied with the criteria outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki (as revised in 2013). All the patients received PCI immediately after admission. In brief, aspirin at 300 mg and ticorrelor 180mg were administered orally before surgery. After local anesthesia with 2% lidocaine, the right radial artery was punctured and a 6F arterial sheath was placed. Then, 2000 U of unfractionated heparin and 200 μg of nitroglycerin were mixed in 10 mL of normal saline, followed by injection into the arterial sheath to avoid vascular spasm. Then, coronary angiography was performed after the catheter and guide wire were placed, and the detailed surgery protocol was personalized designed according to the results of the angiography. 78 patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. In the control group, patients received oral irbesartan (Huahai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. H20030016; Lot No. 0000017225) at 37.5–75 mg/d after PCI. The specific dose of irbesartan was dependent on the blood pressure control. When the blood pressure decreased and remained in the normal range, the dose of irbesartan was adjusted to 0.15 g/d. In the treatment group, Patients I received sacubitril valsartan (Novartis Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. H20170363; Lot No. SDL680) at 25–100 mg once or twice daily. The dose was initiated at 25 mg and dependent on the blood pressure. When the patient was tolerant to the sacubitril valsartan, the dose could increase to 200 mg within 4 week twice daily. The pharmacotherapy lasted for a total of 3 months. The cardiac function, MACE, HCY and CysC were compared between two groups. Patients for the first time received 6MWT on the day of discharge, and the result was used as the score before pharmacotherapy. Three months later, the 6MWT was performed again and the result served as the score after pharmacotherapy.
Publication 2023
Angiography Arteries Arteries, Radial Aspirin Blood Pressure Blood Vessel Catheters Coronary Angiography Ethics Committees, Clinical Heart Heparin Irbesartan Lidocaine Local Anesthesia Myristica fragrans Nitroglycerin Normal Saline Operative Surgical Procedures Patient Discharge Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Pharmacotherapy sacubitril-valsartan Spasm
Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) Patients were diagnosed with AMI according to the diagnostic criteria for AMI in the 2019 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction”; (2) Patients were initially diagnosed with AMI; (3) Thrombolytic therapy was not administered before admission; (4) There was no history of other cerebrovascular diseases; (5) There were no contraindications to anti-platelet aggregation. Exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) EF was <40% on cardiac Doppler ultrasound; (2) patients had congenital coagulation dysfunction; (3) patients had severe injury to important organs (such as liver, kidney, heart); (4) patients were intolerant to irbesartan or Entresto.
Publication 2023
Cerebrovascular Disorders Coagulation, Blood Entresto Heart Injuries Irbesartan Kidney Liver Myocardial Infarction Patients Platelet Aggregation Thrombolytic Therapy Ultrasounds, Doppler

Treatment regimen: Irbesartan (75 mg, Zhejiang Nordic Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., H20217083), orally, q.d.75 mg; hydrochlorothiazide (6.25 mg, North China Pharmaceutical Qinhuangdao Co., Ltd., H20033412), q.d.12.5 mg; and levamlodipine (2.5 mg, Huabei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., H20143054), q.d. 2.5 mg/time.

Treatment timing: The morning medication group took their medication in the morning (7:00–10:00), and the night medication group took theirs at bedtime (19:00–22:00). The total efficacy was measured for 24 weeks.

Publication 2023
Hydrochlorothiazide Irbesartan levamlodipine Pharmaceutical Preparations Treatment Protocols

Top products related to «Irbesartan»

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Irbesartan is a pharmaceutical product manufactured by Merck Group. It is a type of angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) used to treat high blood pressure and certain types of heart and kidney conditions. The core function of Irbesartan is to block the action of angiotensin II, a hormone that can narrow blood vessels and raise blood pressure.
Sourced in France
Irbesartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) used as a pharmaceutical ingredient in the production of medications. It functions by blocking the action of angiotensin II, a hormone that regulates blood pressure. This product is used in the formulation of antihypertensive drugs.
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Ang II is a peptide hormone that is involved in the regulation of blood pressure and fluid balance in the body. It is a key component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), which plays a central role in the homeostatic control of blood pressure, fluid, and electrolyte balance. Ang II acts on specific receptors to exert its physiological effects.
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Switzerland, Australia, China, Sao Tome and Principe
Losartan is a pharmaceutical compound used as an active ingredient in various prescription medications. It functions as an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, which helps to regulate blood pressure by blocking the action of angiotensin II, a hormone that constricts blood vessels. Losartan is commonly used in the treatment of hypertension and other cardiovascular conditions.
Sourced in Germany, United States, Italy, United Kingdom, France, Spain, China, Poland, India, Switzerland, Sao Tome and Principe, Belgium, Australia, Canada, Ireland, Macao, Hungary, Czechia, Netherlands, Portugal, Brazil, Singapore, Austria, Mexico, Chile, Sweden, Bulgaria, Denmark, Malaysia, Norway, New Zealand, Japan, Romania, Finland, Indonesia
Formic acid is a colorless, pungent-smelling liquid chemical compound. It is the simplest carboxylic acid, with the chemical formula HCOOH. Formic acid is widely used in various industrial and laboratory applications.
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STZ is a laboratory equipment product manufactured by Merck Group. It is designed for use in scientific research and experiments. The core function of STZ is to serve as a tool for carrying out specific tasks or procedures in a laboratory setting. No further details or interpretation of its intended use are provided.
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Metoprolol is a pharmaceutical product used for the treatment of various cardiovascular conditions. It is a beta-blocker that works by blocking the effects of the hormone epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, on the heart and blood vessels. This action helps to lower blood pressure, slow heart rate, and reduce the workload on the heart.
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Midazolam is a benzodiazepine drug used as a sedative and hypnotic. It has a short half-life and is primarily used for the induction of anesthesia, procedural sedation, and the treatment of seizures.
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PD123319 is a laboratory research tool that functions as a selective antagonist for the angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor. It is commonly used in scientific research to study the role of the AT1 receptor in various biological processes.
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S-mephenytoin is a laboratory reagent used in the study of drug metabolism. It is a single enantiomer of the anticonvulsant drug mephenytoin. S-mephenytoin is primarily used as a probe substrate for the CYP2C19 enzyme, which is involved in the metabolism of certain drugs.

More about "Irbesartan"

Irbesartan, an angiotensin II (Ang II) receptor antagonist, is a widely used medication for the treatment of hypertension and diabetic nephropathy.
It works by blocking the action of the potent vasoconstrictor Ang II, effectively lowering blood pressure.
Irbesartan has demonstrated its ability to reduce cardiovascular risk in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes.
To optimize research on Irbesartan, AI-driven protocols can be utilized to locate the best reproducible and accurate experimental procedures from the literature, preprints, and patents.
This powerful AI tool, such as PubCompare.ai, can boost the efficiency of Irbesartan research by intelligently comparing and synthesizing the available protocols, ensuring enhanced reproducibility and accuracy.
Irbesartan belongs to the class of angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), which also includes medications like Losartan.
These drugs work by interfering with the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), a key regulator of blood pressure and fluid balance.
By blocking the Ang II receptor, Irbesartan can effectively lower blood pressure and provide cardiovascular protection.
In addition to Irbesartan, other agents like Formic acid, STZ (Streptozotocin), Metoprolol, Midazolam, and PD123319 (an Ang II type 2 receptor antagonist) may also be relevant in the context of Irbesartan research and the broader RAAS system.
Researchers can leverage the insights gained from these related compounds to enhance their understanding and optimization of Irbesartan-based therapies.
By incorporating these insights, researchers can leverage the power of AI-driven protocols to streamline their Irbesartan research, leading to more reproducible and accurate findings that can drive advancements in the treatment of hypertension, diabetic nephropathy, and cardiovascular diseases.